CN116660495A - Mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and test method - Google Patents
Mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116660495A CN116660495A CN202310374381.9A CN202310374381A CN116660495A CN 116660495 A CN116660495 A CN 116660495A CN 202310374381 A CN202310374381 A CN 202310374381A CN 116660495 A CN116660495 A CN 116660495A
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004660 morphological change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device and a test method. The device can adjust the inclination of adjustable aspect as required and experimental phenomenon is obvious, can better simulate stratum state and better simulate the migration state after the mine mining slope deformation damages unstability just.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of mine mining slope deformation.
Background
In the existing mine mining simulation test, in the process of performing the test, similar materials are filled in a model to simulate a coal bed, a bedrock, an overburden layer and a surface slope body, and the influence of underground mining on the slope body is simulated by manually excavating the similar materials or heating paraffin by using a resistance wire.
The existing mine mining similarity simulation test has the following defects: 1. the dip angle between the rock layer surface and the horizontal plane can not be adjusted at will, and the model can not simulate rock strata with different dip angles; 2. the filling effect of similar materials is poor, and the rock stratum state can not be well simulated; 3. the method of heating and melting the paraffin by adopting the resistance wire is difficult to melt the paraffin in the exploitation range, and the method of installing the resistance wire in the paraffin is difficult and the experimental method is troublesome; 4. the experimental phenomenon is not obvious and is not enough to simulate the migration state after the mining influence.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and a mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test method, the device can be suitable for mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation tests with different dip angles, the rock stratum state can be better simulated to meet the requirements of different buried deep coal beds and different layer morphologies, and for a single coal bed with a buried depth, a coal bed goaf can be simulated by adjusting a height fine adjustment sleeve so as to adapt to different mining modes, so that the influence of mining of the simulated coal bed on the slope is achieved.
The invention is composed as follows: the utility model provides a mining slope deformation destroys similar analogue test device that unstability, includes frame, adjustable aspect and height-adjusting mechanism, the base plate left end fixedly connected with left frame of frame bottom, the right-hand member fixedly connected with right frame of base plate, both sides are installed front bezel and backplate around the base plate, are provided with adjustable aspect in the region that left frame, right frame, front bezel and backplate surround, adjustable aspect comprises the sectional type supporting shoe that can splice and constitute, and every section sectional type supporting shoe lower extreme is connected with the height-adjusting mechanism that four groups diagonal angles set up.
Further, high adjustment mechanism includes high coarse adjustment seat, lower supporting screw, high fine setting sleeve and goes up supporting screw, high coarse adjustment seat fixed connection on the base plate, the card hole of different height has been seted up on the high coarse adjustment seat, the lower extreme of lower supporting screw passes through the locating pin and is connected with the card hole, has high fine setting sleeve at the upper end threaded connection of lower supporting screw, threaded connection has last supporting screw on high fine setting sleeve, last supporting screw rotates through rotatable crab-bolt and is connected with sectional type supporting shoe.
Further, an adjustable strip-shaped hole is formed in the base plate, and a fixing bolt penetrates into the adjustable strip-shaped hole and fixedly connects the height coarse adjustment seat with the base plate.
Further, the left end of the adjustable deck is in contact with the left frame.
Further, the upper supporting screw is provided with scales.
Further, the top of frame still installs the rainfall simulation system, the rainfall simulation system includes the support frame, has main water pipe at the lateral part fixed mounting of support frame, installs the water diversion pipe at the top equipartition of support frame, installs the water smoke shower nozzle on every water diversion pipe equipartition, main water pipe is connected with all water diversion pipes, installs flow control valve and water pressure gauge in proper order according to the rivers direction on main water pipe.
Further, grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the base plate, the left frame and the right frame, and a group of front baffles and a group of rear baffles are slidably mounted in the front groove and the rear groove respectively.
The invention also provides a simulation test method based on the mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, calculating the height of an adjustable layer and the height value required to be adjusted by a height adjusting mechanism according to a required angle, then adjusting a lower supporting screw to a proper clamping hole position to enable the height of the height adjusting mechanism to be close to but smaller than the calculated height value, and finally rotating a height fine adjustment sleeve to enable the value on a scale on the height fine adjustment sleeve plus the clamping hole height required to be adjusted by a height rough adjustment seat to be equal to the calculated height required to be adjusted by the height adjusting mechanism, so that each sectional supporting block on the adjustable layer is adjusted to a preset inclination angle, and the whole adjustable layer forms the required inclination angle;
uniformly smearing a layer of alum on the adjustable layer, simulating the friction surface of a weak interlayer between the layer and the lower stratum so as to enable the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of the friction surface to be consistent with the actual condition of the weak interlayer, then filling the prepared stratum-like material into a frame, tamping and compacting, trowelling by using a scraper, and continuously installing a front baffle and a rear baffle upwards along with continuous filling of the prepared stratum-like material until the similar model is manufactured;
step three, removing a front baffle after the similar model is dried for 3 days, drawing an ink fountain mark line on the front side surface of the similar model, uniformly inserting a pin into the similar model through the ink fountain mark line, taking the pin with a coded serial number as an observation point, removing a rear baffle after the similar model is continuously ventilated and dried for 2 days, and starting to perform height adjustment of an adjustable layer and observation of morphological change of a layer stratum model after the similar model is stable, namely: and (3) changing the form of the adjustable layer according to the scale adjustment height fine adjustment sleeve, simulating a goaf formed by underground coal mining or simulating the sinking amount of an overlying strata surface after underground mining, and observing the position change of the pin on the front side surface of the similar model to simulate the influence of coal mining on a slope body.
Further, when the rainfall influence factors need to be simulated, the local rainfall intensity is obtained according to the geological data of the geological prototype simulated by the similar model, the rainfall intensity is simulated by controlling the water inflow through adjusting the flow control valve, the water pressure value displayed by the water pressure meter under the same rainfall intensity is obtained through measuring by the rain gauge, the long-time rainfall is simulated by keeping the water pressure until the similar model collapses, and therefore the influence of the coupling effect of underground mining and surface precipitation on the stability of the slope can be simulated.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that: the invention can be suitable for the similar simulation test of deformation damage and instability of mining slopes with different dip angles, better simulate the rock stratum state to meet the requirements of different buried coal beds and different layer forms, and simulate the goaf of the coal bed by adjusting the height fine-tuning sleeve for a single coal bed with a buried depth so as to adapt to different mining modes, thereby achieving the effect of simulating the mining of the coal bed on the slopes. When the coal seam is deeper, the adjustable layer can be used for simulating the rock layer, the influence of underground excavation on the slope body is indirectly simulated, the time for preparing and filling similar materials below the layer is greatly saved, the material consumption is saved, the experimental phenomenon is obvious, the numerical simulation calculation result is more accurate than that of manual excavation, and the operability is stronger. The influence of underground mining and surface precipitation coupling effect on the stability of the slope body can be explored by building the rainfall simulation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the height adjustment mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a section of an adjustable deck;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a similar model;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulated rainfall system.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-frame, 101-base plate, 102-left frame, 103-right frame, 104-adjustable bar hole, 105-front baffle, 106-rear baffle, 2-adjustable layer, 3-height adjusting mechanism, 301-fixing bolt, 302-height rough adjusting seat, 303-lower supporting screw, 304-height fine adjusting sleeve, 305-upper supporting screw, 306-rotatable anchor bolt, 4-similar model, 401-pin, 402-ink fountain mark line, 5-simulated rainfall system diagram, 501-supporting frame, 502-water pipe, 503-flow control valve, 504-water pressure meter, 505-water spray nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-5, the mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device comprises a frame 1, an adjustable layer surface 2 and a height adjusting mechanism 3, wherein the left end of a base plate 101 at the bottom end of the frame 1 is fixedly connected with a left frame 102, the right end of the base plate 101 is fixedly connected with a right frame 103, front baffles 105 and rear baffles 106 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base plate 101, the adjustable layer surface 2 is arranged in an area surrounded by the left frame 102, the right frame 103, the front baffles 105 and the rear baffles 106, the adjustable layer surface 2 is composed of sectional supporting blocks 201 which can be spliced, and the lower end of each sectional supporting block 201 is connected with four groups of diagonally arranged height adjusting mechanisms 3. The height adjusting mechanism 3 comprises a height rough adjusting seat 302, a lower supporting screw 303, a height fine adjusting sleeve 304 and an upper supporting screw 305, wherein the height rough adjusting seat 302 is fixedly connected to the base plate 101, clamping holes with different heights are formed in the height rough adjusting seat 302, the lower end of the lower supporting screw 303 is connected with the clamping holes through a locating pin 308, the upper end of the lower supporting screw 303 is in threaded connection with the height fine adjusting sleeve 304, the upper supporting screw 305 is in threaded connection with the height fine adjusting sleeve 304, and the upper supporting screw 305 is in rotary connection with the sectional supporting block 201 through a rotatable anchor bolt 306. An adjustable strip-shaped hole 104 is formed in the base plate 101, a fixing bolt 301 penetrates into the adjustable strip-shaped hole 104, and the fixing bolt 301 fixedly connects the height coarse adjustment seat 302 with the base plate 101. The left end of the adjustable deck 2 is in contact with the left frame 102.
The upper support screw 305 is provided with a scale 307. The top of the frame 1 is also provided with a rainfall simulation system 5, the rainfall simulation system 5 comprises a support frame 501, a main water pipe 502 is fixedly arranged on the side part of the support frame 501, water diversion pipes 506 are uniformly distributed on the top of the support frame 501, water mist spray heads 505 are uniformly distributed on each water diversion pipe 506, the main water pipe 502 is connected with all the water diversion pipes 506, and a flow control valve 503 and a water pressure meter 504 are sequentially arranged on the main water pipe 502 according to the water flow direction. Grooves are formed in the front and rear sides of the base plate 101, the left frame 102 and the right frame 103, and a group of front baffles 105 and a group of rear baffles 106 are slidably mounted in the front and rear grooves respectively.
The simulation test method of the mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating the height of the adjustable layer 2 and the height value required to be adjusted by the height adjusting mechanism 3 according to the required angle, then adjusting the lower supporting screw 303 to a proper clamping hole position, enabling the height of the height adjusting mechanism 3 to be close to but smaller than the calculated height value, and finally rotating the height fine adjusting sleeve 304, so that the value on the scale 307 on the height fine adjusting sleeve 304 plus the clamping hole height required to be adjusted by the height coarse adjusting seat 302 is equal to the calculated height required to be adjusted by the height adjusting mechanism 3, and adjusting each sectional supporting block 201 on the adjustable layer 2 to a preset inclination angle, so that the whole adjustable layer 2 forms the required inclination angle;
step two, uniformly smearing a layer of alum on the adjustable layer 2, then loading the prepared rock stratum similar material into the frame 1, tamping and compacting, trowelling by using a scraper, and continuously installing the front baffle 105 and the rear baffle 106 upwards along with the continuous filling of the prepared rock stratum similar material until the similar model 4 is manufactured;
step three, removing the front baffle 105 after the similar model 4 is dried for 3 days, drawing an ink fountain mark line 402 on the front side surface of the similar model 4, uniformly inserting a pin 401 into the similar model 4 through the ink fountain mark line 402, taking the coded serial number of the pin 401 as an observation point, removing the rear baffle 106 after the similar model 4 is continuously ventilated and dried for 2 days, and starting to perform height adjustment of the adjustable layer 2 and observation of morphological change of the layer stratum model after the similar model 4 is stable, namely: the height-adjusting sleeve 304 is adjusted according to the scales 307 to change the form of the adjustable layer 2, simulate a goaf formed by underground coal mining or simulate the sinking amount of an overlying strata surface after underground excavation, observe the position change of the pin 401 on the front side of the similar model, and simulate the influence of coal mining on a slope.
When the rainfall influence factor is required to be simulated, the local rainfall intensity is obtained according to the geological data of the geological prototype of the similar model simulation 4, the rainfall intensity is simulated by controlling the inflow quantity through adjusting the flow control valve 503, the water pressure value displayed by the water pressure meter 504 under the same rainfall intensity is obtained through measuring by using the rain gauge, and the long-time rainfall is simulated by keeping the water pressure until the similar model 4 collapses, so that the influence of the coupling effect of underground mining and surface precipitation on the stability of the slope can be simulated.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a mining slope deformation damages unstability analogue simulation test device, includes frame (1), adjustable aspect (2) and high adjustment mechanism (3), its characterized in that: the novel combined type solar cell module is characterized in that a left frame (102) is fixedly connected to the left end of a base plate (101) at the bottom end of the frame (1), a right frame (103) is fixedly connected to the right end of the base plate (101), a front baffle (105) and a rear baffle (106) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base plate (101), an adjustable layer (2) is arranged in an area surrounded by the left frame (102), the right frame (103), the front baffle (105) and the rear baffle (106), the adjustable layer (2) is formed by sectional supporting blocks (201) which can be spliced, and the lower end of each sectional supporting block (201) is connected with four groups of diagonally arranged height adjusting mechanisms (3).
2. The mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the height adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a height coarse adjusting seat (302), a lower supporting screw (303), a height fine adjusting sleeve (304) and an upper supporting screw (305), wherein the height coarse adjusting seat (302) is fixedly connected to a base plate (101), clamping holes with different heights are formed in the height coarse adjusting seat (302), the lower end of the lower supporting screw (303) is connected with the clamping holes through a locating pin (308), the upper end of the lower supporting screw (303) is in threaded connection with the height fine adjusting sleeve (304), the upper supporting screw (305) is in threaded connection with the height fine adjusting sleeve (304), and the upper supporting screw (305) is rotationally connected with the sectional supporting block (201) through a rotatable anchor bolt (306).
3. The mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein: an adjustable strip-shaped hole (104) is formed in the base plate (101), a fixing bolt (301) penetrates into the adjustable strip-shaped hole (104), and the fixing bolt (301) is used for fixedly connecting a height rough adjusting seat (302) with the base plate (101).
4. The mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the left end of the adjustable layer surface (2) is contacted with the left frame (102).
5. The mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper support screw (305) is provided with a scale (307).
6. The mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the top of frame (1) is still installed rainfall simulation system (5), rainfall simulation system (5) include support frame (501), have main water pipe (502) at the lateral part fixed mounting of support frame (501), install shunt tubes (506) at the top equipartition of support frame (501), install water smoke shower nozzle (505) on every shunt tubes (506) equipartition, main water pipe (502) are connected with all shunt tubes (506), install flow control valve (503) and water pressure gauge (504) in proper order according to the water flow direction on main water pipe (502).
7. The mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein: grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the base plate (101), the front side and the rear side of the left frame (102) and the front side and the rear side of the right frame (103), and a group of front baffles (105) and a group of rear baffles (106) are respectively and slidably arranged in the front grooves and the rear grooves.
8. A simulation test method of the mining slope deformation damage instability analog simulation test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
firstly, calculating the height of an adjustable layer (2) and the height value required to be adjusted by a height adjusting mechanism (3) according to the required angle, then adjusting a lower supporting screw (303) to a proper clamping hole position, enabling the height of the height adjusting mechanism (3) to be close to but smaller than the calculated height value, and finally rotating a height fine adjustment sleeve (304) to enable the value on a scale (307) on the height fine adjustment sleeve (304) plus the height required to be adjusted by the clamping hole on a height rough adjustment seat (302) to be equal to the calculated height required to be adjusted by the height adjusting mechanism (3), so that each sectional supporting block (201) on the adjustable layer (2) is adjusted to a preset inclination angle, and the whole adjustable layer (2) forms the required inclination angle;
step two, uniformly smearing a layer of alum on the adjustable layer (2), then filling the prepared rock stratum similar material into the frame (1), tamping and compacting, trowelling by using a scraper, and continuously installing the front baffle (105) and the rear baffle (106) upwards along with the continuous filling of the prepared rock stratum similar material until the similar model (4) is manufactured;
step three, removing a front baffle (105) after the similar model (4) is dried for 3 days, drawing an ink fountain mark line (402) on the front side surface of the similar model (4), uniformly inserting a pin (401) into the similar model (4) through the ink fountain mark line (402), taking the coded serial number of the pin (401) as an observation point, removing a rear baffle (106) after the similar model (4) is continuously ventilated and dried for 2 days, and starting to perform height adjustment of an adjustable layer (2) and observation of morphological change of a layer stratum model after the similar model (4) is stable, namely: the form of the adjustable layer surface (2) is changed according to the height-adjusting sleeve (304) of the scale (307), the goaf formed by underground coal mining or the sinking amount of the overlying strata surface after underground excavation is simulated, the position change of the pin (401) on the front side surface of the similar model is observed, and the influence of coal mining on a slope body is simulated.
9. The simulation test method according to claim 8, wherein: when the rainfall influence factor is required to be simulated, the local rainfall intensity is obtained according to the geological data of the geological prototype of the similar model simulation (4), the rainfall intensity is simulated by controlling the inflow quantity through adjusting the flow control valve (503), the water pressure value displayed by the water pressure meter (504) under the same rainfall intensity is obtained through measuring by using the rain gauge, the long-time rainfall is simulated by keeping the water pressure until the similar model (4) is slumped, and therefore the influence of underground mining and surface rainfall coupling effect on the slope stability can be simulated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310374381.9A CN116660495A (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and test method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310374381.9A CN116660495A (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and test method |
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| CN116660495A true CN116660495A (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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| CN202310374381.9A Pending CN116660495A (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Mining slope deformation damage instability similar simulation test device and test method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116840450A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rainfall simulation test device and method based on geologic structure deformation process reproduction |
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2023
- 2023-04-10 CN CN202310374381.9A patent/CN116660495A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116840450A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rainfall simulation test device and method based on geologic structure deformation process reproduction |
| CN116840450B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rainfall simulation test device and method based on geologic structure deformation process reproduction |
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