CN116657415B - 防静电聚酯面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

防静电聚酯面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116657415B
CN116657415B CN202310711903.XA CN202310711903A CN116657415B CN 116657415 B CN116657415 B CN 116657415B CN 202310711903 A CN202310711903 A CN 202310711903A CN 116657415 B CN116657415 B CN 116657415B
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余奇
代梦侠
董会杰
丁朝建
李宁
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    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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Abstract

本发明涉及防静电聚酯面料及其制备方法。本发明的防静电锦纶面料可采用如下方法制得：首先，将聚苯胺、N‑甲基吡咯烷酮、聚氨酯涂层剂等为原料，制得稀释液；其次，采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，进行整理；最后，将聚酯面料浸入樟脑磺酸溶液，进行整理，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料。本发明制备的防静电聚酯面料的点对点电阻达到5.1×106～5.5×106Ω，带电电荷量达到0.15～0.18μC/件；经过20次洗涤，点对点电阻和带电电荷量也没有大幅变化，说明本发明制备的聚酯面料具有稳定的防静电功能。

Description

防静电聚酯面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于面料的制备技术领域，具体涉及防静电聚酯面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
众所周知静电是两物体摩擦、分离后在各自物体上带的静止电荷，如从带几千伏、几十千伏高电位的物体发生脉冲刷形成放电或火花放电时，则瞬时产生几安培的电流，会形成各种灾害。不同摩擦带电方式产生的电压。人体在进行各种活动时，服装上的摩擦电压值己超过了许多静电敏感器件的静电放电损坏阈值，因此在半导体集成电路生产过程中，由于人体操作产生摩擦而引起静电放电，往往使脆弱的集成电路击穿而损坏。
化纤长丝面料由于具有高绝缘性能会加剧电荷积累，而纯棉织物，虽然具有相对较好的导电性，但仅在空气湿度到达50％以上，才能一定程度上减少静电危害，并且棉织物为短纤差评产品，不能在净化室使用。美国在大型通讯机系统的装配当中，检测出有故障的集成电路的1/3为静电放电击穿而损坏。穿着绝缘鞋的人体假定带了1.5kV的静电，放电时足以使有的集成电路全部击穿或产生异常。由此可见，防静电面料是电子行业发展的必然要求。因此，高质量、舒适性佳和性价比高的防静电纤维、防静电面料以及相应的防静电服装等防静电纺织品的开发与应用成为广大纺织科研工作者努力的目标。
聚酯面料在用于防静电面料有很多优点，但是，其导电性难以提高；通常与导电纤维混纺来实现。聚苯胺具有导电性，但是，其与聚酯面料结合的稳定性不持久。
发明内容
针对现有技术的缺陷，本发明的第一个目的在于提供防静电聚酯面料，该面料具有较好的防静电功能。
本发明所述的防静电聚酯面料可通过如下方法制得：首先，将聚苯胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、聚氨酯涂层剂等为原料，制得稀释液；其次，采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，进行整理；最后，将聚酯面料浸入樟脑磺酸溶液，进行整理，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供防静电聚酯面料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将聚苯胺溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮，制得含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮；将聚氨酯涂层剂、配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，制得稀释液。
优选地，所述聚苯胺、聚氨酯涂层剂、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和去离子水的用量比为1mL∶(20～40)mL∶(10～12)mL∶(200～400)mL。
(2)采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，将稀释液加入气溶胶发生器，将气溶胶发生器产生的气溶胶通入装有聚酯面料的管式炉中，气溶胶气相化学沉积装置示意图如图1所示。
优选地，所述管式炉中温度设置为95～105℃。
(3)将聚酯面料浸入樟脑磺酸溶液，浸入温度为90～100℃，浸入时间为2～4h，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料。
优选地，所述樟脑磺酸溶液的浓度为1～3wt％。
本发明相关的反应机理分析：管式炉中的气溶胶中的水被蒸馏，聚苯胺和聚氨酯涂层剂被附着聚酯纤维表面，聚氨酯涂层剂起粘合作用，将聚苯胺附着于聚酯面料表面，制得防静电面料。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点和有益效果在于：
(1)聚苯胺具有导电性，但是，其难以稳定地附着于聚酯面料表面；本发明采用将聚苯胺和聚氨酯涂层剂制备为气溶胶，聚氨酯涂层剂具有很强的粘合功能；从而实现了将聚苯胺稳定地附着于聚酯面料表面的目的。
(2)本发明使用樟脑磺酸对聚苯胺进行掺杂改性，明显提高了聚苯胺的导电性能；从而提高其抗静电功能。
(3)按GB 12014—2009的测试方法，本发明制备的防静电聚酯面料的点对点电阻达到5.1×106～5.5×106Ω，带电电荷量达到0.15～0.18μC/件，达到了A级技术标准；经过20次洗涤，点对点电阻和带电电荷量也没有大幅变化，说明本发明制备的聚酯面料具有稳定的防静电功能。
说明书附图
图1气溶胶气相化学沉积装置示意图
具体实施方式
实施例1
防静电聚酯面料，采用如下方法制备：
(1)将1mL聚苯胺溶于11mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮，制得含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮；将30mL聚氨酯涂层剂、配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和300mL去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，制得稀释液。
(2)采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，将稀释液加入气溶胶发生器，将气溶胶发生器产生的气溶胶通入装有聚酯面料的管式炉中，气溶胶气相化学沉积装置示意图如图1所示。
所述管式炉中温度设置为100℃。
(3)将聚酯面料浸入2wt％樟脑磺酸溶液，浸入温度为95℃，浸入时间为3h，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料a。
实施例2
防静电聚酯面料，采用如下方法制备：
(1)将1mL聚苯胺溶于10mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮，制得含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮；将20mL聚氨酯涂层剂、配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和200mL去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，制得稀释液。
(2)采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，将稀释液加入气溶胶发生器，将气溶胶发生器产生的气溶胶通入装有聚酯面料的管式炉中，气溶胶气相化学沉积装置示意图如图1所示。
所述管式炉中温度设置为95℃。
(3)将聚酯面料浸入1wt％樟脑磺酸溶液，浸入温度为90℃，浸入时间为2h，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料b。
实施例3
防静电聚酯面料，采用如下方法制备：
(1)将1mL聚苯胺溶于12mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮，制得含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮；将40mL聚氨酯涂层剂、配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和400mL去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，制得稀释液。
(2)采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，将稀释液加入气溶胶发生器，将气溶胶发生器产生的气溶胶通入装有聚酯面料的管式炉中，气溶胶气相化学沉积装置示意图如图1所示。
所述管式炉中温度设置为105℃。
(3)将聚酯面料浸入3wt％樟脑磺酸溶液，浸入温度为100℃，浸入时间为4h，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料c。
对比例A
以实施例1为对比，在本对比例A中，减少聚苯胺的用量，即将步骤(1)中“将1mL聚苯胺溶于11mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮”调整为“将0.1mL聚苯胺溶于11mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮”，其它制备方法按实施例1的制备方法实施，制得防静电聚酯面料d。
对比例B
以实施例1为对比，在本对比例B中，不掺加聚氨酯涂层剂，即将步骤(1)中“将30mL聚氨酯涂层剂、配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和300mL去离子水混合”调整为“将配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和300mL去离子水混合”，其它制备方法按实施例1的制备方法实施，制得防静电聚酯面料e。
对比例C
以实施例1为对比，在本对比例C中，改变掺杂剂的种类，即将步骤(3)中“樟脑磺酸”调整为“盐酸”，其它制备方法按实施例1的制备方法实施，制得防静电聚酯面料f。
性能评价测试：
选取本发明中上述具体实施例1～3和对比例A～C制备得到的防静电聚酯面料a、b、c、d、e和f。防静电功能测试参照GB 12014—2009《防静电服》，点对点电阻和带电电荷量作为防静电功能评价指标。其中，点对点电阻参考GB 12014—2009附录A，带电电荷量参考GB 12014—2009附录B的测试方法，测试条件：温度：(20±5)℃，相对湿度：(35±5)％。测试结果如表1所示。
表1
由表1可见，对实施例1～3和对比例A～C制备得到的防静电聚酯面料a、b、c、d、e和f的点对点电阻和带电电荷量比较，可以看出，对实施例1～3在防静电指标方面明显优于对比例A～C。性能评价测试结果表明：聚苯胺用量的减少、聚氨酯涂层剂的掺加和掺杂剂种类的改变均对聚酯面料的防静电功能有重要影响。

Claims (3)

1.防静电聚酯面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包含以下步骤：
(1)将聚苯胺溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮，制得含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮；将聚氨酯涂层剂、配制好的含聚苯胺的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和去离子水混合，搅拌均匀，制得稀释液；
(2)采用气溶胶气相化学沉积方法，将稀释液加入气溶胶发生器，将气溶胶发生器产生的气溶胶通入装有聚酯面料的管式炉中；
(3)将聚酯面料浸入樟脑磺酸溶液，浸入温度为90～100℃，浸入时间为2～4h，然后洗涤，干燥，制得防静电聚酯面料；
步骤(1)中所述聚苯胺、聚氨酯涂层剂、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和去离子水的用量比为1mL∶(20～40)mL∶(10～12)mL∶(200～400)mL。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防静电聚酯面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述管式炉中温度设置为95～105℃；步骤(3)中所述樟脑磺酸溶液的浓度为1～3wt％。
3.防静电聚酯面料，其特征在于，采用权利要求1～2中任一项所述方法制备而成。
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CN106192413A (zh) * 2016-07-20 2016-12-07 安徽贵谷电子商务有限公司 一种防静电清香型羽绒服面料

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