CN116656002A - Low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116656002A CN116656002A CN202310922101.3A CN202310922101A CN116656002A CN 116656002 A CN116656002 A CN 116656002A CN 202310922101 A CN202310922101 A CN 202310922101A CN 116656002 A CN116656002 A CN 116656002A
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- polyurethane foam
- low density
- preparing
- high porosity
- density
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyhexamethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC(CN=C=O)=C1 RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002324 minimally invasive surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UHHKSVZZTYJVEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxepane Chemical compound C1CCCOCC1 UHHKSVZZTYJVEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/4269—Lactones
- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
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- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
- C08J9/145—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only chlorine as halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/06—Flexible foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polyurethane foam materials. The preparation method adopts a physical and chemical composite hole making technology, and is realized through two processes of chemical foaming and secondary physical hole making. The "black" component of the polyurethane foam is prepared by mixing together the polyol, isocyanate and secondary cell forming agent, and the "white" component is prepared by mixing together the remaining polyol, water, auxiliary agent and physical blowing agent. Mixing the black material and the white material together, stirring uniformly and foaming. And then immersing the initial foam material into a pore-forming solvent for secondary pore-forming to obtain the polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity. The material has low density and good mechanical property, and simultaneously has excellent compression property, and is suitable for transcatheter interventional cardiovascular plugging materials, valve peripheral leakage prevention foam skirts and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane foam materials, in particular to a low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Foam-based medical devices can maintain a temporary compressed shape so that they can be stored in a compressed state and inserted through a catheter to a surgical site. The cost and complications of such minimally invasive procedures are significantly reduced compared to traditional open procedures. The polyurethane foam material has a spongy porous layer structure, has excellent elasticity, water absorption and biocompatibility, and has great development space in the biomedical field.
The filling dressing used in the cavity has high requirement on the density of the foam material, the foam material with low density has higher porosity, can be compressed to smaller size, and has more excellent expansion performance. Polyurethane foam materials prepared in a conventional manner have the problems of low porosity and high density, are widely applied to the preparation of conventional patch type dressings, and have relatively few reports of application to cavity filling type dressings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material and a preparation method thereof, so as to improve the porosity of the polyurethane foam material and reduce the density of the polyurethane foam material.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for preparing a low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material, comprising the following steps:
(1) Drying and dehydrating polyol, adding isocyanate and a secondary pore-forming agent under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, performing prepolymerization reaction to obtain black material, and mixing the polyol and an auxiliary agent at normal temperature to obtain white material;
(2) Uniformly mixing the black material and the white material in the step (1), heating, standing and foaming;
(3) Immersing the foamed material into a pore-forming solvent for secondary pore-forming, cleaning after pore-forming, and drying to obtain the product.
Further, the polyol includes: at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyether polyols and polyester polyols.
Further, the polyether polyol includes: polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, polyhexamethylene ether glycol, and molecular weight ranges from 200 to 6000.
Further, the polyester polyol includes: polycaprolactone diol, polylactic acid diol, polyglycolic acid diol, and molecular weight ranges from 200 to 6000.
Further, the isocyanate includes: at least one of isophorone diisocyanate, 4 '-methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate), 4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and m-xylylene isocyanate.
Further, the secondary pore-forming agent includes: at least one of inorganic salt particles and dimethyl ether polyethylene glycol.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises: the mass ratio of water, silicone oil, catalyst and physical foaming agent is as follows: 10-15:20-40:3-5:0.1-10.
Further, the catalyst comprises: at least one of an amine-based catalyst and a tin-based catalyst.
Further, the physical blowing agent includes: at least one of methylene dichloride, liquid carbon dioxide and fluoroether compounds.
Further, the dehydration temperature in the step (1) is 90-110 ℃ and the time is 24-48 h.
Further, the time of the prepolymerization reaction in the step (1) is 48-72 h.
Further, the foaming temperature in the step (2) is 70-90 ℃ and the foaming time is 1-5 min.
Further, the pore-forming solvent in the step (3) includes: at least one of deionized water solution of sodium chloride, deionized water solution of sodium carbonate, diethyl ether, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, and the hole making time is 12-24 h.
Further, the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black material in the step (1) is 2-3; after the step (2) is uniformly mixed, the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 0.8-1.2.
A polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the secondary pore-forming agent is added into the black material, and the secondary pore-forming is carried out in the foamed polyurethane foam material by immersing the material in the pore-forming solvent after foaming.
(2) According to the invention, a composite secondary pore-forming method is adopted to construct a foam material with lower density, and small molecular particles are diffused outside the prepared polyurethane foam by optimizing the type and dosage concentration of the secondary pore-forming agent, meanwhile, the film and bones of the foam are not damaged, a non-communicated pore structure is left, so that the influence of secondary pore-forming on the reduction of mechanical properties is reduced to the minimum, and the polymer foam material with low density, high porosity and good mechanical properties is obtained.
(3) The polyurethane foam material prepared by the invention has lower density and higher porosity, so that the polyurethane foam material has excellent compression and expansion properties, and can meet the requirements of cavity filling type dressing in the biomedical field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the micro-morphology of the polyurethane foam of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the micro-morphology of the polyurethane foam of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the micro-morphology of the polyurethane foam of comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the leak-proof foam material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of the embodiment of the foam for cardiovascular occlusion made in example 2.
Detailed Description
The examples given below are only intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope thereof. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1:
a method for preparing a polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing black materials: weighing dehydrated polytetramethylene ether glycol (molecular weight: 305.43) 18.916 g, ethylene glycol 3.217 g and sodium chloride particles 80 g in conical flask at 100deg.C for 36 h, and bubbling N at room temperature 2 Hexamethylene diisocyanate 80 g was added under magnetic stirring and reacted 48 h, at which time the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black was 2.5.
(2) White material preparation: weighing dehydrated polytetramethylene ether glycol (molecular weight: 305.43) 3.661 g and ethylene glycol 0.623 g, adding auxiliary agent deionized water 1.101 g, silicone oil 2.8 g, amine catalyst (BL 22) 0.253 g, tin catalyst (T131) 0.101 g and dichloromethane 0.3 mL, and stirring uniformly.
(3) Foaming: mixing the black material and the white material, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 1.0, stirring uniformly at high speed, placing in an oven at 80 ℃, standing for foaming, and taking out after 5 min.
(4) Secondary hole making: the foamed material was immersed in a 10% aqueous NaCl solution at a mass concentration of 12, 12 h.
(5) Leaching: and cleaning the foam subjected to secondary pore forming, and then placing the cleaned foam in an oven at 80 ℃ for drying to obtain the low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material.
(6) The polyurethane foam material is subjected to morphology processing to obtain the anti-leakage foam material, and a physical diagram is shown in fig. 4.
Example 2:
a method for preparing a polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing black materials: weighing dehydrated polycaprolactone diol (molecular weight: 530) 23.981 g, glycerol 3.115 g and sodium chloride granule 100 g (dehydration temperature 100deg.C, time 36 h), placing in conical flask, and bubbling N at room temperature 2 4,4' -methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) 80, g was added under magnetic stirring to react 48, h, at which time the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black was 2.5.
(2) White material preparation: the dehydrated polycaprolactone diol (molecular weight: 530) 4.796 g and glycerol 0.623 g are weighed, and the auxiliary agents of deionized water 1.101 g, silicone oil 2.8 g, amine catalyst (BL 22) 0.253 g, tin catalyst (T131) 0.101 g and dichloromethane 0.3 mL are added and stirred uniformly.
(3) Foaming: mixing the black material and the white material, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 1.0, stirring uniformly at high speed, placing in an oven at 80 ℃, standing for foaming, and taking out after 5 min.
(4) Secondary hole making: the foamed material was immersed in a 5% sodium carbonate aqueous solution at a mass concentration of 12, 12 h.
(5) Leaching: and cleaning the foam subjected to secondary pore forming, and then placing the cleaned foam in an oven at 80 ℃ for drying to obtain the low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material.
(6) The polyurethane foam material is subjected to morphological processing to obtain the foam material for cardiovascular plugging, and a physical diagram is shown in fig. 5.
Example 3:
a method for preparing a polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing black materials: weighing, dehydrating (dehydration temperature is 100deg.C, time is 36 h)Is prepared from polyhexamethylene ether glycol (molecular weight: 1000) 23.981 g, glycerol 3.115 g and sodium chloride particles 100 g by stirring in a conical flask at room temperature 2 4,4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate was added under magnetic stirring to react 48, h, at which time the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black was 2.5.
(2) White material preparation: weighing dehydrated polyhexamethylene ether glycol (molecular weight: 1000) 4.796 g and glycerol 0.623 g, adding auxiliary agents of deionized water 1.101 g, silicone oil 2.8 g, amine catalyst (BL 22) 0.253 g, tin catalyst (T131) 0.101 g and dichloromethane 0.3 mL, and stirring uniformly.
(3) Foaming: mixing the black material and the white material, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 1.0, stirring uniformly at high speed, placing in an oven at 80 ℃, standing for foaming, and taking out after 5 min.
(4) Secondary hole making: the foamed material was immersed in a 5% sodium carbonate aqueous solution at a mass concentration of 12, 12 h.
(5) Leaching: and cleaning the foam subjected to secondary pore forming, and then placing the cleaned foam in an oven at 80 ℃ for drying to obtain the low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material.
Example 4:
a method for preparing a polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing black materials: weighing dehydrated polyethylene glycol (molecular weight: 4000) 23.981 g, pentaerythritol 3.115 g and sodium chloride granule 100 g (dehydration temperature 100deg.C, time 36 h), in conical flask, and bubbling N at room temperature 2 Toluene diisocyanate 80 g was added under magnetic stirring to react 48 h, at which time the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black was 2.5.
(2) White material preparation: weighing dehydrated polyethylene glycol (molecular weight: 4000) 4.796 g and pentaerythritol 0.623 g, adding auxiliary agent deionized water 1.101 g, silicone oil 2.8 g, amine catalyst (BL 22) 0.253 g, tin catalyst (T131) 0.101 g and dichloromethane 0.3 mL, and stirring uniformly.
(3) Foaming: mixing the black material and the white material, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 1.0, stirring uniformly at high speed, placing in an oven at 80 ℃, standing for foaming, and taking out after 5 min.
(4) Secondary hole making: the foamed material was immersed in a 5% sodium carbonate aqueous solution at a mass concentration of 12, 12 h.
(5) Leaching: and cleaning the foam subjected to secondary pore forming, and then placing the cleaned foam in an oven at 80 ℃ for drying to obtain the low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material.
Example 5:
a method for preparing a polyurethane foam material with low density and high porosity, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing black materials: weighing dehydrated polylactic acid glycol (molecular weight: 2000) 23.981 g, glycerol 3.115 g and sodium chloride granule 100 g (dehydration temperature 100deg.C, time 36 h), placing in conical flask, and bubbling N at room temperature 2 M-xylylene isocyanate 80 g is added under the magnetic stirring condition to react 48 h, and the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black material is 2.5.
(2) White material preparation: weighing dehydrated polylactic acid glycol (molecular weight: 2000) 4.796 g and glycerol 0.623 g, adding auxiliary agent deionized water 1.101 g, silicone oil 2.8 g, amine catalyst (BL 22) 0.253 g, tin catalyst (T131) 0.101 g and dichloromethane 0.3 mL, and stirring uniformly.
(3) Foaming: mixing the black material and the white material, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 1.0, stirring uniformly at high speed, placing in an oven at 80 ℃, standing for foaming, and taking out after 5 min.
(4) Secondary hole making: the foamed material was immersed in a 5% sodium carbonate aqueous solution at a mass concentration of 12, 12 h.
(5) Leaching: and cleaning the foam subjected to secondary pore forming, and then placing the cleaned foam in an oven at 80 ℃ for drying to obtain the low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material.
Comparative example 1:
a method for preparing a polyurethane foam comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing black materials: weighing and dewatering(dehydration temperature is 100deg.C, time is 36 h), and poly (hexamethylene ether) glycol) (molecular weight: 1000) 23.981 g and glycerol 3.115 g are added into conical flask, and N is blown in at room temperature 2 Hexamethylene diisocyanate 80 g was added under magnetic stirring and reacted 48 h, at which time the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black was 2.5.
(2) White material preparation: weighing dehydrated polyhexamethylene ether glycol (molecular weight: 1000) 3.661 g and glycerol 0.623 g (dehydration temperature is 100 ℃ C., time is 36-h), adding auxiliary agents of deionized water 1.101 g, silicone oil 2.8 g, amine catalyst (BL 22) 0.253 g, tin catalyst (T131) 0.101 g and dichloromethane 0.3 mL, and stirring uniformly.
(3) Foaming: mixing the black material and the white material, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 1.0, stirring uniformly at a high speed, placing in an oven at 80 ℃, standing for foaming for 5 min, and taking out to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
Test example 1: microcosmic topography characterization
The polyurethane foam materials prepared in example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were subjected to scanning electron microscopy, and the morphological characteristics thereof were observed, and the test results are shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3.
As can be seen from the photographs, the foams prepared in examples 1 and 2 have uniform pore diameters, the cell wall beams have fine pores, the cell walls are not open, the cells are hollow, the foam prepared in comparative example 1 has a flat surface, and no fine pore structure is present, and compared with the foam prepared in examples, comparative example 1 exhibits lower porosity, and further, it is presumed that the density and the elasticity-related properties are significantly different from those of the foams prepared in examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention.
Test example 2: characterization of Performance
The polyurethane foams prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1 were characterized in terms of properties, and the results of the measurement of foam density are shown in Table 1 with reference to ASTM D1622, standard test method for surface Density of rigid foam, closed cell Rate with reference to ASTM D6226, standard test method for open cell content of rigid foam.
Table 1 characterization of properties of polyurethane foam
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the polyurethane foam material prepared in the example of the present invention has significantly lower density than that of comparative example 1, and significantly higher porosity than that of comparative example 1, and also has significantly better elastic recovery rate and recovery time than those of comparative example 1, compared with comparative example 1, in which the foam material prepared in example 2 has significantly better elastic recovery rate, recovery time, density and porosity than those of other examples and comparative examples, and is the optimal formulation of the present invention, and is more suitable for medical applications.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Drying and dehydrating polyol, adding isocyanate and a secondary pore-forming agent under the protection of nitrogen, stirring, performing prepolymerization reaction to obtain black material, and mixing the polyol and an auxiliary agent at normal temperature to obtain white material;
(2) Uniformly mixing the black material and the white material in the step (1), heating, standing and foaming;
(3) Immersing the foamed material into a pore-forming solvent for secondary pore-forming, cleaning after pore-forming, and drying to obtain the product.
2. The method of preparing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyol comprises: at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyether polyol and polyester polyol;
the polyether polyol comprises: polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol and polyhexamethylene ether glycol, wherein the molecular weight range is 200-6000;
the polyester polyol comprises: polycaprolactone diol, polylactic acid diol, polyglycolic acid diol, and molecular weight ranges from 200 to 6000.
3. The method of preparing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate comprises: at least one of isophorone diisocyanate, 4 '-methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate), 4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and m-xylylene isocyanate;
the secondary pore-forming agent comprises: at least one of inorganic salt particles and dimethyl ether polyethylene glycol.
4. The method of preparing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises: the water, silicone oil, catalyst and physical foaming agent, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the silicone oil is as follows: 10-15:20-40:3-5:0.1-10;
the catalyst comprises: at least one of an amine-based catalyst and a tin-based catalyst;
the physical blowing agent comprises: at least one of methylene dichloride, liquid carbon dioxide and fluoroether compounds.
5. The method for preparing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the dehydration in step (1) is performed at a temperature of 90 to 110 ℃ for a time of 24 to 48 h.
6. The method of producing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the time for the prepolymerization in step (1) is 48 to 72 h.
7. The method for preparing a low-density high-porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the foaming temperature in the step (2) is 70 to 90 ℃ for 1 to 5 minutes.
8. The method for preparing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the cell forming solvent of step (3) comprises: at least one of deionized water solution of sodium chloride, deionized water solution of sodium carbonate, diethyl ether, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate; the hole making time is 12-24 h.
9. The method of producing a low density, high porosity polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the black material in step (1) is 2 to 3; after the step (2) is uniformly mixed, the ratio of isocyanate index NCO/OH in the total reaction system is 0.8-1.2.
10. A low density, high porosity polyurethane foam prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN117567790A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 四川大学 | Medical polyurethane foam with procoagulant inner surface and anticoagulant outer surface and preparation method thereof |
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| CN117567790B (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-03-26 | 四川大学 | Medical polyurethane foam with procoagulant inner surface and anticoagulant outer surface and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20230829 |