CN116655528A - 一种氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- WOWBGMOQMOMTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-1-ium-3-carboxamide;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CN1CC(C(N)=O)=CC=C1 WOWBGMOQMOMTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 methyl sulfonate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BWVDQVQUNNBTLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpyridin-1-ium-3-carboximidate;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+]1=CC=CC(C(N)=O)=C1 BWVDQVQUNNBTLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229960003966 nicotinamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- YLJRCXSSKLWCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)OC YLJRCXSSKLWCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl methanesulfonate Chemical group COS(C)(=O)=O MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GBSRRQISIWGCNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCS(=O)(=O)OC GBSRRQISIWGCNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-ZQBYOMGUSA-N [14c]-nicotinamide Chemical compound N[14C](=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- LDHMAVIPBRSVRG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 1-methylnicotinamide Chemical compound C[N+]1=CC=CC(C(N)=O)=C1 LDHMAVIPBRSVRG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- RZYUMTTXUHRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine-3-carboxamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC1=NC=CC=C1C(N)=O RZYUMTTXUHRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZXGXYBOQYQXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CZXGXYBOQYQXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWEIZMCTGMHCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpyridin-1-ium-3-carboxamide;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+]1=CC=CC(C(N)=O)=C1 IWEIZMCTGMHCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRYYVMDEUJQWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylnicotinamide Chemical compound CC1=NC=CC=C1C(N)=O JRYYVMDEUJQWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007087 Apium graveolens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015849 Apium graveolens Dulce Group Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010591 Appio Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001261506 Undaria pinnatifida Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003792 cranial nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DZGCGKFAPXFTNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCO DZGCGKFAPXFTNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004317 gizzard Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
- C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/32—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of salts of sulfonic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
- C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/03—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C309/04—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing only one sulfo group
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种氯化1‑甲基烟酰铵的制备方法。本发明将1‑甲基烟酰胺磺酸盐用氯化氢处理,制备氯化‑1‑甲基烟酰铵,方法操作简单、原辅料价廉、生产成本低。本发明用磺酸甲酯类化合物与烟酰胺反应,反应结束后直接用氯化氢处理,得到氯化‑1‑甲基烟酰铵,方法操作简单、原辅料价廉、生产成本更低,对工人危害小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生命健康和合成化工领域,尤其涉及一种氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法。
背景技术
氯化1-甲基烟酰铵,结构式如I所示,是烟酰胺(维生素B3)在体内代谢的产物,具有增强免疫力,护肝,保护脑神经,改善记忆力的作用。氯化1-甲基烟酰铵天然存在于绿茶叶、芹菜、禽胗和裙带菜中,但是含量低,纯化制备困难。氯化1-甲基烟酰胺的化学合成,文献报道由烟酰胺与碘甲烷反应先生成碘化1-甲基烟酰铵后,再与氯化银交换阴离子,制得(Marcinek,Andrzej et al.Ionic Liquids:Novel Media for Characterization ofRadical Ions.Journal of Physical ChemistryA,2001;105(40):9305-9309)。
该方法有如下缺点:1、碘甲烷挥发性大,毒性强,对生产工人有危害;2、氯化银价格贵,生产成本高;3、产品中重金属含量较高,对人体有潜在副作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
本发明第一方面为一种结构式I化合物的制备方法,该方法为将结构式II化合物用氯化氢处理,得到结构式I化合物。
在本发明的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,氯化氢可用氯化氢气体或压缩气体,也可用氯化氢溶液,优选使用氯化氢甲醇溶液或氯化氢乙醇溶液。
在本发明发明的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,结构式II化合物,优选R为C1~C6的烷基、苯基和取代苯基,最优选R为甲基或乙基或正丙基或苯基或对甲苯基。
在本发明发明的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,氯化氢与结构式II化合物的摩尔比为1:1~10:1,优选1:1~3:1,最优选1.2:1~2:1;
在本发明发明的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,反应溶剂优选为ICH定义的II类和III类有机溶剂,最优选甲醇、乙醇和丙醇。
在本发明发明的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,反应温度为-20℃~60℃,优选为0℃~40℃,最优选为10℃~30℃。
在本发明发明的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,优选用烟酰胺与结构式III化合物反应,制备结构式II化合物,再用氯化氢处理结构式II化合物,得到结构式I化合物。最优选在同一反应容器中,用烟酰胺与结构式III化合物反应,不分离结构式II化合物,直接用氯化氢处理,得到结构式I化合物。
在本发明提供的结构式I化合物的制备方法中,优选反应结束后,冷至-20℃~室温结晶,过滤或离心得到产品。最优选反应结束后,冷至10~30℃结晶,过滤或离心得到产品。
在本发明的方法中,产品分离纯化方法非常简单,反应结束,直接过滤或离心,即可得到产品。
本发明第二方面为一种结构式I化合物的制备方法,该方法为将烟酰胺与结构式III化合物反应,不分离结构式II化合物,直接用氯化氢处理,得到结构式I化合物。
其中,在结构式II和结构式III化合物中,优选R为C1~C6的烷基、苯基和取代苯基,最优选R为甲基或乙基或正丙基或苯基。
在本发明发明的方法中,结构式III与烟酰胺的摩尔比为0.5:1~5:1,优选1:1~2:1;最优选1:1~1.2:1;
在本发明发明的方法中,氯化氢与烟酰胺的摩尔比为1:1~10:1,优选1:1~3:1,最优选1.2:1~2:1;
在本发明发明的方法中,反应溶剂优选为ICH定义的II类和III类有机溶剂,最优选甲醇、乙醇和正丙醇。
在本发明提供的方法中,烟酰胺与结构式III的反应温度优选为0~140℃,最优选20~100℃,最最优选为所选溶剂的沸点,即回流温度。
在本发明发明的方法中,氯化氢与结构式II的反应温度为-20℃~60℃,优选为0℃~40℃,最优选为10℃~30℃
在本发明发明的方法中,产品分离纯化方法非常简单,反应结束,直接过滤或离心,却可得到产品。
本发明第三方面为提供了一种结构如结构式IV所示的化合物,
其中R为C1~C6的烷基,优选R为甲基、乙基或正丙基。
本发明第四方面提供了结构式IV化合物的制备方法,
其中,在结构式IV和结构式V化合物中,优选R为C1~C6的烷基,最优选R为甲基或乙基或正丙基。在本发明提供的结构式IV化合物的制备方法中,采用烟酰胺与结构式V化合物反应,制备结构式IV化合物。
在本发明提供的结构式IV化合物的制备方法中,结构式V化合物R为C1~C6的烷基,优选R为C1~C3的烷基,即甲磺酸甲酯、乙磺酸甲酯和正丙磺酸甲酯。
在本发明提供的结构式IV化合物的制备方法中,反应溶剂优选为ICH定义的II类和III类有机溶剂,最优选甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇和异丙醇。
在本发明提供的结构式IV化合物的制备方法中,反应温度优选为0~140℃,最优选20~100℃,最最优选为所选溶剂的沸点,即回流温度。
在本发明提供的结构式IV化合物的制备方法中,烟酰胺与结构式V化合物的摩尔比为0.5:1~1:5,优选0.8:1~1:2。
在本发明提供的结构式IV化合物的制备方法中,优选反应结束后,冷至-20℃~室温结晶,过滤或离心得到产品。最优选反应结束后,冷至10~30℃结晶,过滤或离心得到产品。
本发明第五方面,提供了一种结构式IV化合物的应用,用于制备结构式I化合物。
本发明采用以上技术方案,与现有技术相比,具有如下技术效果:
本发明氯化-1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法,将1-甲基烟酰胺磺酸盐直接用氯化氢进行处理,即可制备氯化-1-甲基烟酰铵,方法操作简单、原辅料价廉、生产成本低。
本发明提供的1-甲基烟酰胺甲磺酸盐、1-甲基烟酰胺乙磺酸盐、1-甲基烟酰胺丙磺酸盐为全新的化合物,将其直接用氯化氢处理,即可制备氯化-1-甲基烟酰铵,方法操作简单、原辅料价廉、生产成本低。
本发明氯化-1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法,采用磺酸甲酯类化合物与烟酰胺反应,反应结束后直接用氯化氢处理,得到氯化-1-甲基烟酰铵,方法操作简单、毒性低、原辅料价廉、生产成本更低,对工人危害小。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但不作为本发明的限定。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例1 1-甲基烟酰胺甲磺酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,甲磺酸甲酯1g,溶入无水乙醇8g中,加热回流反应6小时。冷至室温,有沉淀析出,抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率83.7%。
1HMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ9.38(s,1H),9.05(d,1H),8.95(d,1H),8.20(m,1H),4.50(s,3H),2.68(3,3H)
实施例2 1-甲基烟酰胺乙磺酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,乙磺酸甲酯1.12g,溶入无水乙醇8g中,加热回流反应8小时。冷至0-5℃,放置过夜,有结晶析出。抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率86.3%。
1HMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ9.40(s,1H),9.07(d,1H),8.96(d,1H),8.20(m,1H),4.51(s,3H),2.79,(q,2H),1.28(t,3H)
实施例3 1-甲基烟酰胺丙磺酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,丙磺酸甲酯1.25g,溶入无水乙醇8g中,加热回流反应10小时。冷至0-5℃,放置过夜,有结晶析出。抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率84.8%。
1HMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ9.39(s,1H),9.06(d,1H),8.97(d,1H),8.20(m,1H),4.51(s,3H),2.77,(t,2H),1.88(m,3H),0.96(t,3H)
实施例4 1-甲基烟酰胺苯磺酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,苯磺酸甲酯1.55g,溶入甲醇8g中,加热回流反应6小时。冷至0-5℃有沉淀析出,抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率85.83%。
1HMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ9.34(s,1H),9.00(d,1H),8.90(d,1H),8.14(m,1H),7.78(m,2H),7.42(m,3H),4.45(s,3H)
实施例5 1-甲基烟酰胺对甲苯磺酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,对甲苯磺酸甲酯1.68g,溶入无水异丙醇12ml中,加热回流反应6小时。冷至室温,抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率94.2%。
1HMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ9.35(s,1H),9.01(d,1H),8.91(d,1H),8.14(m,1H),7.67(d,2H),7.22(d,2H),4.46(s,3H),2.36(s,3H)
实施例6 1-甲基烟酰胺盐酸盐的合成
将1-甲基烟酰胺甲磺酸盐2g,溶入甲醇10ml中,滴加20wt%氯化氢乙醇溶液3ml搅拌反应2小时,有固体析出,抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率68%。
1HMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ9.43(s,1H),9.08(d,1H),8.97(d,1H),8.20(m,1H),4.51(s,3H)
实施例7 1-甲基烟酰胺盐酸盐的合成
将1-甲基烟酰胺丙磺酸盐2g,溶入正丙醇10ml中,通氯化氢至饱和,搅拌反应1小时,有固体析出,抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率73%。
实施例8 1-甲基烟酰胺盐酸盐的合成
将1-甲基烟酰胺对甲苯磺酸盐2g,溶入异丙醇12ml中,通氯化氢至饱和,搅拌反应1小时,有固体析出,抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率81%。
实施例9 1-甲基烟酰胺盐酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,乙磺酸甲酯1.12g,溶入无水乙醇8g中,加热回流反应8小时,冷至室温,通氯化氢至饱和,搅拌4小时。抽滤,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率89%。
实施例10 1-甲基烟酰胺盐酸盐的合成
将烟酰胺1g,苯磺酸甲酯1.55g,溶入乙醇8g中,加热回流反应6小时。冷至室温,滴加20wt%氯化氢3ml,搅拌反应4小时,滤出固体,烘干,得产品,收率92%。
上所述仅为本发明较佳的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的实施方式及保护范围,对于本领域技术人员而言,应当能够意识到凡运用本发明说明书内容所作出的等同替换和显而易见的变化所得到的方案,均应当包含在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下反应:
其中,R为C1~C6的烷基、苯基、取代苯基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法,其特征在于,所述R为甲基、乙基、正丙基、苯基或对甲苯基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下反应,将烟酰胺与结构式III化合物反应,不分离结构式II化合物,直接用氯化氢处理,得到结构式I化合物:
其中,R为C1~C6的烷基、苯基、取代苯基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的氯化1-甲基烟酰铵的制备方法,其特征在于,所述R为甲基、乙基、正丙基、苯基或对甲苯基。
5.一种结构式如IV的化合物,其结构式如下:
其中,R为C1~C6的烷基。
6.根据权利要求5所述的化合物,其特征在于,所述R为甲基、乙基或正丙基。
7.一种结构式如IV的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法为:烟酰胺与结构式V的烷基磺酸甲酯反应;
其中,R为C1~C6的烷基。
8.根据权利要求7所述的结构式如IV的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烷基磺酸甲酯为甲磺酸甲酯、乙磺酸甲酯或正丙磺酸甲酯。
9.一种结构式如IV的化合物的应用,其特征在于,所述化合物用于制备结构式如I的化合物:
其中,R为C1~C6的烷基。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述结构式如IV的化合物中,R为甲基、乙基、正丙基。
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