CN1166464A - 通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂及其应用 - Google Patents

通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂及其应用 Download PDF

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CN1166464A
CN1166464A CN97107309A CN97107309A CN1166464A CN 1166464 A CN1166464 A CN 1166464A CN 97107309 A CN97107309 A CN 97107309A CN 97107309 A CN97107309 A CN 97107309A CN 1166464 A CN1166464 A CN 1166464A
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徐彬
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Hui Penglin
Urumqi West Blue Sky Energy Saving Construction Engineering Co Ltd
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    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂及其应用。这种水泥激发剂主要由4.2～48.3％石灰、1.1～20％高效减水剂、3.8～55.6％明矾、3.3～46.2％煅烧石膏、1.5～33.3％Na2SO4、5.6～33.3％ZnO组成。其特点是：在水泥中掺入3～15％上述激发剂，可使水泥中矿渣掺量提高到35～85％，或粉煤灰掺量提高到35～65％，或矿渣与粉煤灰混合掺量提高到25～80％，水泥的强度仍能达到425R～625R。本发明不仅从根本上改变了现有矿渣硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥中矿渣和粉煤灰掺量低、早期强度低和标号不高的缺点，而且不改变水泥厂原有生产工艺，实施简便易行，经济效益显著。

Description

通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂及其应用
本发明属于一种通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂，该激发剂主要应用于制造可大量掺入矿渣、粉煤灰的水泥。
经国内外专利文献检索，现有技术公开专利CN87105441，它是用碱渣、粉煤灰为基料，与硫酸渣混合配成生料，经煅烧生成硅酸盐水泥熟料，然后再加入铝渣或矿渣制成矿渣硅酸盐水泥。其制造工艺复杂，需经过“两磨一烧”的工艺过程，即先把生料磨成粉状，然后经过高温煅烧，再磨细成为水硬性胶凝材料。
现有公开日本专利JP59128239高早强水泥制造方法，先将煤燃烧成粉煤灰，石灰石经煅烧，两者混合后粉碎再煅烧，将煅烧后的产物再加入炉渣、纯水泥、硫酸钙混合使用。其制造工艺复杂，需经“两磨一烧”的产物，再配以一定量的矿渣、水泥混合使用。
又如公开专利CN1085195粉煤灰矿渣水泥及其制造方法，只磨不烧，制造工艺简单。其不足之处是：一是必须加入对水泥及混凝土耐久性极其有害的氯离子；二是水泥强度低于425#，不能满足实际工程的需要；三是激发剂对粉煤灰无明显作用，水泥中粉煤灰掺量为15～25％，为通常粉煤灰掺量范围。
再如公开专利CN1071902高强高掺量矿渣水泥制造方法，先将矿渣与激发剂混合磨细至勃氏比表面积400～900M2/Kg，再将水泥熟料与石膏混合磨细至勃氏比表面积300～600M2/Kg，最后将以上两种粉料按比例混合。其不足之处：一是增加了粉磨工序，而且要求其中的一种粉料细度高于通常水泥的细度，增加了粉磨能耗；二是生产工艺发生了改变，增加了基建和设备投入；三是这种方法仅对矿渣有效，不能用于增加粉煤灰的掺量。
本技术旨在克服现有水泥技术中的不足，通过添加激发剂，提高水泥中矿渣和粉煤灰的掺量。在不改变水泥生产工艺的前提下，达到提高水泥中矿渣或粉煤灰的掺量、增加水泥产量、降低水泥成本的目的。
本发明的内容是：一种通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂，其特征是该水泥激发剂中按重量百分比含有石灰4.2～48.3％、高效减水剂1.1～20％、明矾3.8～55.6％、煅烧石膏3.3～46.2％、Na2SO41.5～33.3％、ZnO 5.6～33.3％。
进一步的方案是该水泥激发剂中按重量百分比还含有石膏0～41.7％。
一种通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂的应用方法是：按重量百分比将35～85％的矿渣、8～60％的硅酸盐水泥熟料或35～65％的粉煤灰、30～60％的硅酸盐水泥熟料或10～40％的粉煤灰、15～60％的矿渣、10～60％的硅酸盐水泥熟料，与3～15％的通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂共同磨细或分别磨细至勃氏比表面积250～400M2/Kg并混合均匀后即制得强度达425R～625R的矿渣硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥或矿渣粉煤灰混合硅酸盐水泥。
本发明内容中：所述激发剂中的石膏可以是天然石膏，也可以是磷石膏、氟石膏或其它工业废石膏。
本发明内容中：所述激发剂中的煅烧石膏是石膏在700～1200℃下煅烧后的产物。
本发明内容中：所述激发剂中的Na2SO4可以是工业Na2SO4，也可以是工业附产物Na2SO4或芒硝矿。
本发明内容中：所述高效减水剂是亚甲基多萘磺酸钠。
本发明具有以下特点：
(1)矿渣和粉煤灰具有潜在水硬活性，只有在一定的碱性环境中其潜在水硬活性才能被
   激发从而产生强度。在现有矿渣硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥的硬化过程中，首
   先是水泥熟料的水化，其水化产生的碱性物质对矿渣和粉煤灰发生作用才使矿渣和
   粉煤灰发生水化反应。由于矿渣和粉煤灰的水化依赖于熟料的水化，故水泥的早期
   强度偏低；又因为矿渣或粉煤灰水泥中熟料相对减少(与硅酸盐水泥相比)，故熟
   料水化产生的碱性物质有限，故大掺量矿渣或粉煤灰水泥后期强度也偏低。本发明
   所述激发剂为碱性物质，能提高体系的总碱含量并对矿渣和粉煤灰产生直接的激发
   效果。故激发剂的掺入能够提高水泥中矿渣和粉煤灰的掺量，提高水泥的早期和后
   期强度。
(2)本发明中所使用的矿渣的质量指标和品种范围可以放宽，不仅可以用碱性矿渣，也
   可用中性和酸性矿渣，还可利用电炉磷矿渣、铬矿渣、镍矿渣等。
(3)本发明中所使用的粉煤灰的范围比现有的粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥更广。GB1596-79《用
   于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰》中规定用于水泥掺合料的粉煤灰其烧失量必须≤8
   ％，而采用本技术后，烧失量在20％以内的粉煤灰均可使用。
(4)采用本发明，不需改变水泥生产工艺，仅是在原有生产工艺上调整配比，一次磨细
   即成，当然也可以分别磨细后再按比例混合。
(5)本发明中的激发剂的组分简单且价格便宜，这不仅降低了水泥的成本，而且在生产
   时易于控制。
(6)本发明所述的“通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂”对矿渣和粉煤灰均有明显
   的激发作用，不仅能提高水泥中矿渣的掺量，同时还能提高水泥中粉煤灰的掺量。
   另外，矿渣和粉煤灰还可以同时大量掺入，因而所述激发剂具有通用性。
表1给出了本发明所述通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂的11组实施例。
表2给出了本发明所述通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂添加到矿渣、粉煤灰、硅酸盐水泥熟料中所制成的水泥的11组配方及其相应的强度指标。表1：激发剂配比(重量％)编号  石膏   石灰 高效减水剂 明矾  煅烧石膏  Na2S04 ZnO1      0    28.6    14.3    35.7     7.1      7.1     7.12      0    48.3    13.8    10.3    13.8      3.4    10.33     7.8   23.1     3.8     3.8    46.2      3.8    11.54    21.7   13.0     5.2    26.1    12.2      4.3    17.45    20.7   41.4    13.8     6.9     3.5      3.5     6.96    13.3   20.0    10.0     6.7     3.3     33.3    13.37      0     6.7    13.3    33.3     6.7      6.7    33.38    41.7    4.2     8.3     8.3     4.2     25.0     8.39    20.0   20.0    20.0    10.0    10.0     10.0    10.010    11.1    5.6     1.1    55.6     4.4     16.7     5.611     7.7   19.2    10.0     7.7    23.1      1.5    30.8表2：
    配比(重量％)     强度(MPa)
编号 熟料   矿渣  粉煤灰 激发剂      R3(压/折)    R7(压/折)    R28(压/折)
 1    8.0   85.0     /     7.02   20.5    /     65.0   14.53   17.0   60.0   10.0   13.04   28.5   60.0     /    11.55   35.5    /     50.0   14.56   15.0   40.0   30.0   15.07   62.0   35.0     /     3.08   53.0    /     35.0   12.09   60.0    /     35.0    5.010   55.5   35.0     /     9.011   32.0   15.0   40.0   13.0      19.3/4.7      29.7/5.4       45.8/7.820.4/5.1      30.2/6.2       48.5/8.022.1/5.6      33.7/6.6       49.3/7.923.6/5.9      36.4/7.5       55.4/10.119.9/5.3      28.7/6.8       47.3/8.225.3/5.2      31.8/6.7       52.1/7.920.0/4.2      28.9/5.3       44.8/7.326.6/6.8      37.2/7.7       66.2/9.124.4/5.1      32.5/7.3       50.6/8.932.3/7.1      41.6/9.0       68.9/11.423.4/5.3      36.5/6.9       49.1/8.1

Claims (3)

1.一种通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂，其特征在于该水泥激发剂中按重量百分比含有石灰4.2～48.3％、高效减水剂1.1～20％、明矾3.8～55.6％、煅烧石膏3.3～46.2％、Na2SO4 1.5～33.3％、ZnO 5.6～33.3％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂，其特征在于该水泥激发剂中按重量百分比还含有石膏0～41.7％。
3.一种通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂的应用方法是：按重量百分比将35～85％的矿渣、8～60％的硅酸盐水泥熟料或35～65％的粉煤灰、30～60％的硅酸盐水泥熟料或10～40％的粉煤灰、15～60％的矿渣、10～60％的硅酸盐水泥熟料，与3～15％的通用型大掺量矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂共同磨细或分别磨细至勃氏比表面积250～400M2/Kg并混合均匀后即制得强度达425R～625R的矿渣硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥或矿渣粉煤灰混合硅酸盐水泥。
CN97107309A 1997-01-09 1997-01-09 一种矿渣、粉煤灰水泥激发剂 Expired - Fee Related CN1071720C (zh)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100357212C (zh) * 2006-03-02 2007-12-26 姜齐洋 水泥复合激发剂
CN103145359A (zh) * 2013-01-23 2013-06-12 江苏省电力设计院 用于大掺量粒化高炉矿渣砂浆或混凝土的早期强度激发剂
CN103803820A (zh) * 2013-12-19 2014-05-21 柳州正菱集团有限公司 一种隔热水泥
CN106042144A (zh) * 2016-06-18 2016-10-26 澧县方石坪镇杨朴矿山机械厂 一种粉煤灰泡沫砌块生产方法
CN112194419A (zh) * 2020-12-03 2021-01-08 广东博智林机器人有限公司 碱激发自密实混凝土及其制备方法

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CN100358824C (zh) * 2006-01-05 2008-01-02 武汉理工大学 一种混凝土掺合料
CN100354225C (zh) * 2006-01-05 2007-12-12 武汉理工大学 一种高钙粉煤灰改性材料

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100357212C (zh) * 2006-03-02 2007-12-26 姜齐洋 水泥复合激发剂
CN103145359A (zh) * 2013-01-23 2013-06-12 江苏省电力设计院 用于大掺量粒化高炉矿渣砂浆或混凝土的早期强度激发剂
CN103145359B (zh) * 2013-01-23 2014-11-05 江苏省电力设计院 用于大掺量粒化高炉矿渣砂浆或混凝土的早期强度激发剂
CN103803820A (zh) * 2013-12-19 2014-05-21 柳州正菱集团有限公司 一种隔热水泥
CN103803820B (zh) * 2013-12-19 2016-02-03 柳州正菱鹿寨水泥有限公司 一种隔热水泥
CN106042144A (zh) * 2016-06-18 2016-10-26 澧县方石坪镇杨朴矿山机械厂 一种粉煤灰泡沫砌块生产方法
CN112194419A (zh) * 2020-12-03 2021-01-08 广东博智林机器人有限公司 碱激发自密实混凝土及其制备方法

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