CN116632525B - Broadband double-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to ranging and angle measurement scenes - Google Patents
Broadband double-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to ranging and angle measurement scenes Download PDFInfo
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- CN116632525B CN116632525B CN202310891794.4A CN202310891794A CN116632525B CN 116632525 B CN116632525 B CN 116632525B CN 202310891794 A CN202310891794 A CN 202310891794A CN 116632525 B CN116632525 B CN 116632525B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband double-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a range finding and angle measuring scene, which comprises a base and three antenna units arranged on the base, wherein the antenna units are arranged on the base in a regular triangle shape. The antenna unit comprises a dielectric substrate, and a C-shaped first outer ring metal patch, a second outer ring metal patch, a first inner ring metal patch and a second inner ring metal patch which are arranged on the dielectric substrate. The first outer ring metal patch and the second inner ring metal patch are disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate, and the second outer ring metal patch and the first inner ring metal patch are disposed on the opposite side of the dielectric substrate. The inner antenna group and the outer antenna group are arranged on the two sides of the medium substrate in an inner-outer staggered way, so that in use, current can be distributed on the two sides of the medium substrate, and meanwhile, an electric field is distributed on the outer antenna group and the inner antenna group, so that the design aims of omnidirectional radiation, miniaturization and low out-of-roundness are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas of wireless communication systems, in particular to a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measuring scene.
Background
Along with the continuous development of communication technology and internet of things, the indoor accurate positioning system has increasingly demanded in the fields of home interconnection, market, garage positioning and the like. Currently, commonly used indoor positioning technologies include ZigBee, bluetooth, wi-Fi, and the like. However, these techniques have certain drawbacks such as high power consumption, susceptibility to interference, limited functions, and low positioning accuracy. Thus, conventional indoor positioning has failed to meet our needs.
UWB (Ultra-Wide Band) is a communication technology with potential, and the absolute bandwidth of signals is more than or equal to 500MHz or the relative bandwidth is more than 20% when the signals are transmitted, namely UWB, and the 3.1GHz-10.6GHz frequency Band is used as the UWB commercial working frequency Band.
The UWB technology has the advantages of low power consumption, large space transmission capacity, high transmission rate, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and in addition, the UWB technology has the characteristics of strong multipath resolution capability and high positioning precision, and the theoretical ranging precision can reach the centimeter or even the sub-centimeter level, so that the requirement of high-precision positioning can be met.
The existing UWB positioning technology mainly combines an antenna and an algorithm layer, however, the improvement of direction-finding positioning accuracy from the layers of algorithm, software and the like is limited, and the upper limit of the improvement of the accuracy is determined by the accuracy level which can be achieved by positioning antenna hardware.
In the prior art means or products, researchers combine a vertically polarized antenna with an algorithm to realize UWB in a single frequency band of 3.80-4.66 GHz, and the researchers realize UWB covered by double frequency bands of CH5 (6.25-6.75 GHz) and CH9 (7.75-8.25 GHz), and can realize functions of direction finding and positioning, but the linearly polarized antenna can cause polarization mismatch in a certain direction, so that positioning deviation is caused, and meanwhile, the reflection coefficient of the double-frequency antenna is about-5 dB, and the efficiency is low.
Researchers have designed a circular polarization antenna array with a frequency point of 6.5 GHz and a bandwidth exceeding 500MHz, and the designed circular polarization antenna has better gain, can realize high-precision positioning, but only supports single frequency band, and cannot meet the requirements of large-capacity and broadband communication in the future. It is necessary to design a wideband dual-band, circularly polarized and omni-directional high efficiency radiating antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna which has the characteristics of wide impedance bandwidth, wide axial ratio bandwidth and low out-of-roundness, and the impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth cover CH5 and CH9 frequency bands and can be applied to ranging and angle measurement scenes.
The invention provides a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measuring scene, which comprises a base and a plurality of antenna units arranged on the base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of antenna units;
the antenna unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a C-shaped first outer ring metal patch, a second outer ring metal patch, a first inner ring metal patch and a second inner ring metal patch which are arranged on the dielectric substrate;
the first outer ring metal patch and the second inner ring metal patch are arranged on the side surface of the medium substrate, and the second outer ring metal patch and the first inner ring metal patch are arranged on the other side opposite to the medium substrate;
the tail end of the first outer ring metal patch is connected with the second outer ring metal patch through a first metallized via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate to form an outer antenna group, one quarter wavelength of the first outer ring metal patch is connected with the first inner ring metal patch through a second metallized via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate, and the tail end of the first inner ring metal patch is connected with the second inner ring metal patch through a third metallized via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate to form an inner antenna group;
the inner antenna group and the outer antenna group are arranged on the two sides of the medium substrate in an inner-outer staggered mode, and the first inner ring metal patch is connected with the first outer ring metal patch at the quarter wavelength of the first outer ring metal patch, so that in use, current can be distributed on the two sides of the medium substrate, and meanwhile, an electric field is distributed on the outer antenna group and the inner antenna group, and the design purposes of omnidirectional radiation, miniaturization and low non-circularity are achieved.
Preferably, the total of three antenna units and the antenna units are arranged on the base in a regular triangle, so that higher gain and lower out-of-roundness are realized, good omnidirectional uniform radiation characteristics are ensured, and the effects of improving positioning precision and realizing farther ranging and angle measurement are achieved.
Preferably, the distance between the antenna units is about two-fifths of the wavelength of the low frequency band of the antenna units, which is favorable for realizing higher gain and lower out-of-roundness, ensures good omnidirectional uniform radiation characteristics, and achieves the effects of improving positioning accuracy and realizing farther ranging and angle measurement.
Preferably, a microstrip feed section is arranged at the bottom of the first outer ring metal patch, and the antenna unit is electrically connected with the base through the microstrip feed section.
Preferably, the microstrip feed section is offset on one side of the dielectric substrate centerline.
The broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to the range finding and angle measuring scene has the beneficial effects that:
the inner antenna group and the outer antenna group are arranged on the two sides of the medium substrate in an inner and outer staggered way, so that the design firstly can generate a coupling effect and has the effect of expanding bandwidth, secondly can enable current to be distributed on the two sides of the medium substrate, and meanwhile, an electric field is distributed on the whole circular ring, thereby realizing better omnidirectional radiation and miniaturization to a certain extent, and having the characteristics of low out-of-roundness and miniaturization.
The microstrip feed section is arranged on one side of the medium substrate center line in an offset mode, so that the geometric centers of the center frequency points of the two frequency bands are overlapped with the phase center, the phase accuracy is improved, and the complexity of phase delay of subsequent software calibration is reduced.
When the three antenna units work simultaneously, the wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna has better out-of-roundness, realizes higher gain, ensures good omnidirectional uniform radiation characteristic, and achieves the effects of improving positioning precision and realizing farther ranging and angle measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measurement scene of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna unit of the wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measurement scene according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram II of the structure of an antenna unit of the wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measurement scene;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of reflection coefficient and gain of a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measurement scene according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is an axial ratio schematic diagram of an antenna unit of a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measurement scene according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a horizontal and vertical radiation pattern of a wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of the present invention applied to ranging and goniometric scenes;
fig. 7 is a diagram showing a unit electric field distribution of a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle-finding scene according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cell out-of-roundness of a wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to ranging and goniometric scenes of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an array out-of-roundness of a wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to ranging and goniometric scenes of the present invention;
reference numerals in the drawings: 1. the antenna comprises a base, 2, antenna units, 21, a dielectric substrate, 22, a first outer ring metal patch, 23, a second outer ring metal patch, 24, a first inner ring metal patch, 25, a second inner ring metal patch, 26, a first metalized via hole, 27, a second metalized via hole, 28, a third metalized via hole, 221 and a microstrip feed section.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Description of the embodiments
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, an embodiment of a wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna for ranging and goniometric scenarios of the present invention is presented:
a broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to a ranging and angle measurement scene comprises a base 1 and an antenna unit 2 arranged on the base 1.
The base 1 is made of FR4 material, copper is coated on the base 1, the radius R is 33mm, and the thickness is 1mm. In this embodiment, three antenna units 2 are used as reflection grounds, and the antenna units 2 are arranged in a regular triangle on the base 1.
The antenna unit 2 includes a dielectric substrate 21, a C-shaped first outer ring metal patch 22, a second outer ring metal patch 23, a first inner ring metal patch 24, a microstrip transmission line, and a second inner ring metal patch 25 provided on the dielectric substrate 21. The dielectric substrate 21 is made of an F4B material, and has a dielectric constant of 2.65, and a width, thickness, and height of 8.4mm, 1mm, and 9.7mm, respectively.
A first outer ring metal patch 22 and a second inner ring metal patch 25 are provided on the side of the dielectric substrate 21, and a second outer ring metal patch 23 and a first inner ring metal patch 24 are provided on the opposite side of the dielectric substrate 21. The end of the first outer ring metal patch 22 is provided with a first metallized via hole 26 penetrating through the dielectric substrate 21, and the first outer ring metal patch 22 is connected with the second outer ring metal patch 23 through a microstrip transmission line arranged in the first metallized via hole 26 to form an outer antenna group. The first outer ring metal patch 22 is provided with a second metallized via 27 penetrating the dielectric substrate 21 at a quarter wavelength, and the first outer ring metal patch 22 is connected to the first inner ring metal patch 24 by a microstrip transmission line provided in the second metallized via 27. The end of the first inner ring metal patch 24 is provided with a third metallized via hole 28 penetrating through the dielectric substrate 21, and the first inner ring metal patch 24 is connected with the second inner ring metal patch 25 through a microstrip transmission line arranged in the third metallized via hole 28 to form an inner antenna group.
The inner antenna group and the outer antenna group are disposed on both sides of the dielectric substrate 21 in an inner and outer staggered manner. The design introduces two resonance points for the antenna and generates coupling resonance, and referring to fig. 4, the reflection coefficient and gain diagram of the embodiment can be seen that the reflection coefficient of the unit has 2 resonance points, respectively at 6.6GHz and 8.3GHz, then the impedance bandwidth is 6.19-8.40 GHz, and the antenna has the characteristic of wide impedance bandwidth and covers the CH5 (6.25-6.75 GHz) and CH9 (7.75-8.25 GHz) frequency bands. The gain of the unit is then greater than 3.5dBic over the entire operating bandwidth, from 3.7dBic to 5.7 dBic. The design purpose of relatively wide impedance bandwidth is achieved, meanwhile, the C-shaped first outer ring metal patch 22, second outer ring metal patch 23, first inner ring metal patch 24 and second inner ring metal patch 25 ensure good circular polarization radiation, relatively wide axial ratio bandwidth is achieved, and the C-shaped first outer ring metal patch, second outer ring metal patch, first inner ring metal patch and second inner ring metal patch have the characteristics of wide impedance bandwidth and wide axial ratio bandwidth. Meanwhile, the current can be distributed on two sides of the dielectric substrate 21, and the electric field is distributed on the whole circular ring, so that better omnidirectional radiation and a certain degree of miniaturization are realized, and the antenna has the characteristics of low out-of-roundness and miniaturization.
Fig. 5 is an axial ratio schematic diagram of the antenna unit, and it can be seen that the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna with the structural design is 5.8-8.3GHz, and the antenna has the characteristic of wide axial ratio bandwidth, and covers the CH5 (6.25-6.75 GHz) and CH9 (7.75-8.25 GHz) frequency bands.
Fig. 7 shows electric field distribution diagrams of the low frequency resonance point 6.6GHz and the high frequency resonance point 8.3 GHz. The comparison shows that the low-frequency electromagnetic waves are mainly distributed on the outer antenna group, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are mainly distributed on the inner antenna group, and the radiation is relatively uniform, and the radiation electric field diagram enables the antenna unit 2 to realize better omnidirectional radiation on a relatively wide working bandwidth, and conversely, the nested structure inside and outside can realize a wide impedance bandwidth.
In order to measure the omni-directional performance of the antenna, the gain fluctuation conditions of the CH5 frequency band and the CH9 frequency band, namely the out-of-roundness are checked, and as can be seen from fig. 8, the out-of-roundness of the whole CH5 frequency band is smaller than 1.5dB, and the out-of-roundness is good. In the whole CH9 frequency band, the out-of-roundness is less than 2.5dB, and the out-of-roundness is slightly worse than low frequency, but can also meet the industrial requirement index of omnidirectionality.
The bottom of the first outer ring metal patch 22 is provided with a microstrip feed section 221, and the antenna unit 2 is electrically connected with the base 1 through the microstrip feed section 221. The microstrip feed section 221 is offset by 1.2mm in this example so as to be disposed on one side of the centerline of the dielectric substrate 21.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal and vertical radiation pattern from which it can be seen that the wideband dual-band circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna has good omnidirectional characteristics in the horizontal plane, and then the cross polarization of the two planes is less than-20 dB.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of out-of-roundness of a wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, from which it can be seen that the out-of-roundness of the wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna is better than that of an antenna element, and the out-of-roundness of the wideband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna is less than 0.5dB throughout the CH5 band; in the whole CH9 frequency band, the out-of-roundness is less than 0.75dB, and the characteristic of low out-of-roundness is realized.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the present invention and the accompanying drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to the range finding and angle measuring scene is characterized by comprising a base and a plurality of antenna units arranged on the base;
the antenna unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a C-shaped first outer ring metal patch, a second outer ring metal patch, a first inner ring metal patch and a second inner ring metal patch which are arranged on the dielectric substrate;
the first outer ring metal patch and the second inner ring metal patch are arranged on the side surface of the medium substrate, and the second outer ring metal patch and the first inner ring metal patch are arranged on the other side opposite to the medium substrate;
the bottom of the first outer ring metal patch is provided with a microstrip feed section, and the antenna unit is electrically connected with the base through the microstrip feed section;
the tail end of the first outer ring metal patch is connected with the second outer ring metal patch through a first metallized via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate to form an outer antenna group, one quarter wavelength of the first outer ring metal patch is connected with the first inner ring metal patch through a second metallized via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate, and the tail end of the first inner ring metal patch is connected with the second inner ring metal patch through a third metallized via hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate to form an inner antenna group.
2. The wideband dual-band circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna for ranging and goniometric application of claim 1, wherein the total of three antenna elements are arranged in an equilateral triangle on the base.
3. The wideband dual-band circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna for ranging and goniometric application of claim 2, wherein the distance between the antenna elements is two-fifths of a wavelength of the low frequency band of the antenna elements.
4. The wideband dual-band circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna for ranging and goniometric application of claim 1, wherein the microstrip feed segment is offset disposed on one side of a centerline of the dielectric substrate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310891794.4A CN116632525B (en) | 2023-07-20 | 2023-07-20 | Broadband double-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to ranging and angle measurement scenes |
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| CN202310891794.4A CN116632525B (en) | 2023-07-20 | 2023-07-20 | Broadband double-frequency circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna applied to ranging and angle measurement scenes |
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| CN116632525A CN116632525A (en) | 2023-08-22 |
| CN116632525B true CN116632525B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208240873U (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-12-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of compact Circular polarized omni-directional reconfigurable antenna working in BDS-1 S |
| CN209487702U (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-10-11 | 吉林医药学院 | The circular polarisation ingestible antenna based on graphene for capsule endoscopic device |
| CN110994131A (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-10 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Antenna device and watch-type electronic apparatus |
| CN115020984A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-09-06 | 河南省联睿智能科技研究院有限公司 | Ultra-wideband ternary antenna array |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3420232B2 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-06-23 | 日本アンテナ株式会社 | Composite antenna |
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- 2023-07-20 CN CN202310891794.4A patent/CN116632525B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208240873U (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-12-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of compact Circular polarized omni-directional reconfigurable antenna working in BDS-1 S |
| CN110994131A (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-10 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Antenna device and watch-type electronic apparatus |
| CN209487702U (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-10-11 | 吉林医药学院 | The circular polarisation ingestible antenna based on graphene for capsule endoscopic device |
| CN115020984A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-09-06 | 河南省联睿智能科技研究院有限公司 | Ultra-wideband ternary antenna array |
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