CN103311662B - Multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna with recursive coupled cavities - Google Patents
Multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna with recursive coupled cavities Download PDFInfo
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- CN103311662B CN103311662B CN201310183256.6A CN201310183256A CN103311662B CN 103311662 B CN103311662 B CN 103311662B CN 201310183256 A CN201310183256 A CN 201310183256A CN 103311662 B CN103311662 B CN 103311662B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna with recursive coupled cavities and relates to a microstrip antenna. The antenna is provided with a substrate, wherein an upper surface conducting layer and a lower surface conducting layer are paved on the two surfaces of the substrate; a multi-frequency round radiation patch with the recursive coupled cavities is machined on the upper surface conducting layer; the outer edge of the central axial line of the patch is arc notch-shaped; an 8-shaped slot is formed in the axial center; the coupled cavities are symmetrically and recursively loaded on the inner side of the arc, wherein the radius ratio between two adjacent coupled cavities is gradually reduced; the central distance between the cavities is the sum of the sum of the radiuses of the adjacent cavities and 0.5 to 1mm; the coupled cavities are positioned on the central axial line of the inner side of the arc; the 8-shaped slot is formed by crossly combining two small circles; the two small circles are symmetrically positioned on the central axial line; and the lower surface conducting layer serves as a grounding plate. The antenna is low in return loss, high in gain and low in receiving and emitting signal interference, and can be applied to a Beidou navigation system sending and receiving frequency band.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microstrip antenna, particularly relate to a kind of multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna with recurrence coupling cavity for big-dipper satellite and GPS navigation system.
Background technology
Since two thousand, China has succeeded in sending up 4 Big Dipper generation navigation positioning satellites and 11 Beidou II navigation positioning satellites, and built Big Dipper generation navigation experiment system is also building Beidou II global position system covering the whole world.At present this navigation system possesses location within the scope of China and surrounding area thereof, time service, message and GPS GPS wide area differential GPS function, and progressively plays a significant role at numerous areas such as mapping, telecommunications, water conservancy, communications and transportation, fishery, exploration, forest fire protection and national security.Antenna, as the vitals of satellite navigation, plays an important role to the quality of satellite navigation system.
Following requirement is had: can see the similar whole episphere of satellite, antenna should provide uniform response to satellite navigation receiver antenna.When satellite stops receiving lower than antenna during the defined angle of pitch, in order to avoid the serious multipath effect of appearance and tropospheric, therefore to be limited the coverage of antenna.Antenna pattern for navigation positioning satellite, requires that low elevation gain can not be too low, so should have wider beamwidth.In the Relative positioning systems measured utilizing Direct Phase, the phase difference of the antenna output end of the different directions of corresponding navigation positioning satellite can cause sizable site error, and this error is that accurate land survey institute is unacceptable.In overlay area, theoretically, antenna not only should provide the uniform response of amplitude, should also provide the uniform response of phase place.Most important to the requirement of even phase response in antenna coverage areas, then even more important for Phase Tracking receiver.
In today of information technology fast development, along with the extensive use of satellite communication system, emerge in an endless stream to the research of satellite communication system reception antenna, Satellite Terminal antenna conventional at present has crossed dipole antenna, four-arm spiral antenna, microstrip antenna and helical antenna.Wherein, microstrip antenna because having, section is low, volume is little, lightweight, can conformal, easy of integration, feeding classification flexibly, be convenient to obtain the excellent performance such as linear polarization and circular polarization and be widely used in ICBM SHF satellite terminal receiving equipment.In addition, microstrip antenna also obtains a wide range of applications in many fields such as mobile communication, satellite communication, guided missile remote measurement, Doppler radars, but gain is limited is major defect (the YB Thakare and Rajkumar.Design of fractal patch antenna for size and radar cross-section reduction.IET Microwave.Antenna Propagation of microstrip antenna always, 2010, vol.4, Iss.2, PP:175-181).
With the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, comprehensively employ the meander effect in irregular fractal structure, gap, and the frequency regulating and controlling effect of coupling cavity, there is excellent radiation characteristic, each parameter of flexible can make it the transmitting-receiving frequency range and other navigation system that are applicable to dipper system.At present, the Big Dipper microstrip antenna with recurrence coupled chamber have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a return loss is low, gain is high, receive and disturb little with transmitting, can be used for the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna with recurrence coupling cavity of triones navigation system transmitting-receiving frequency range.
The present invention is provided with substrate, two surfaces of substrate are covered with upper surface conductor layer and lower surface conductor layer, upper surface conductor layer is processed into the multifrequency circular radiation paster with recurrence coupling cavity, described multifrequency circular radiation paster central axis outer edge is arc gap shape, axle center place has 8-shaped gap, inside circular arc, symmetrical recurrence loads the coupled chamber that radius diminishes gradually by the ratio η of adjacent two cavity radiuses, η is 0.3 ~ 1, maximum Coupled Circle pitch-row decentre position is 1 ~ 10mm, the maximum radius of coupling circular hole is 0.4 ~ 6mm, chamber central spacing adds 0.5 ~ 1mm for closing on cavity radius sum, described coupled chamber is positioned on the central axis inside circular arc, described 8-shaped gap is intersected by two roundlets to be composited, and two roundlet symmetries are positioned on central axis, and two roundlet distance center positions are 0.8 ~ 3mm, and radius is 1.2 ~ 6mm, lower surface conductor layer is as ground plate.
Described substrate can adopt high-k substrate, and dielectric constant can be 6 ~ 40, is preferably 18; Described substrate can adopt ceramic dielectric substrate or composite ceramic substrate, and substrate profile is the circle larger than multifrequency circular radiation paster or rectangle.The thickness of described substrate can be 2 ~ 4mm, is preferably 2.2mm.
Described upper surface conductor layer and lower surface conductor layer preferably use circle, and outline diameter is 8 ~ 50mm, preferably gets 25mm.
The diameter of described multifrequency circular radiation paster can be 8 ~ 50mm, preferably gets 25mm;
Described η is preferably 0.7.Maximum coupling aperture distance center position is preferably 7.5mm.Maximum coupled apertures radius is preferably 0.7mm.
Described two roundlet distance center positions are preferably 1.5mm, and radius of a circle is preferably 1.8mm.
The radius of described multifrequency circular radiation paster can be 4 ~ 25mm, and the center of circle of circular arc is positioned at distance center position on central axis and can be 3 ~ 23mm, is preferably 10.4mm; The radius of circular arc can be 1.5 ~ 12mm, is preferably 1.9mm.
Basic structure of the present invention by the scope of the above each parameter of adjustment, can be optimized acquisition and can ensure that frequency covers whole band requirement of Beidou satellite system, and return loss S
11can reach below-10dB, gain can reach 2 ~ more than 4dB depending on different antennae size.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages compared with conventional microstrip antennas:
Present invention uses recurrence gradual change coupling cavity distributed constant the frequency of Big Dipper microstrip antenna is implemented to regulation and control, considered the meander effect in gap simultaneously, by the complex optimum of series technique, the double frequency-band achieving antenna is miniaturized, can meet the requirement of the satellite communication system such as the Big Dipper and GPS well.
Owing to have employed above structure, the present invention may be used for the transmitting-receiving frequency range of big-dipper satellite terminal, embodiment working frequency range is 1.615 ~ 1.638GHz and 2.525 ~ 2.535GHz, absolute bandwidth for transmit frequency band is 23MHz, relative bandwidth is 1.44%, be 10MHz for receiving the absolute bandwidth of frequency range, relative bandwidth is 0.41%.
Owing to have employed above structure, reasonably can optimize the size of circular arc on good conductor radiating surface, the size and location of coupled chamber, recurrence ratio, the size in 8-shaped gap, center, obtain the performance of frequency and each parameter of antenna of expecting as required.
In sum, present invention employs the frequency regulation and control of coupling cavity, the meander effect in gap, irregular fractal structure, achieve the conversion of High-frequency and low-frequency, frequency ratio can the micro-strip paster antenna of flexible.Have that size is little, novel structure, radiation characteristic are good, little by such environmental effects, cost is low and be easy to the advantage such as integrated, the requirement of the satellite communication system such as big-dipper satellite and GPS navigation to antenna can be met.
Utilize structural optimization of the present invention, can be locked in Big Dipper series of satellites navigation system and gps system flexibly and easily by demand, be also expected to other communications bands compatible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure composition schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the return loss (S of the embodiment of the present invention
11) performance map.Abscissa represents frequency Frequency (GHz), and ordinate represents return loss intensity The return loss of the antenna (dB).
Fig. 4 is the E face directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.Coordinate is polar coordinates in the drawings.
Fig. 5 is the H face directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.Coordinate is polar coordinates in the drawings.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the invention will be further described.
With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, the invention process adopts two-sided copper-plated ceramic dielectric substrate 1, and it is long is 25mm ± 0.05mm, and wide is 25mm ± 0.05mm, and height is 2.5mm ± 0.05mm.Be covered with copper on the two sides of ceramic dielectric substrate 1, a metal etch of medium substrate becomes the double frequency circular radiation paster 2 with recurrence coupling cavity, and another side metal is as ground plate face 3.The double frequency circular radiation paster with recurrence coupling cavity of etching in copper-clad 2, its radiation patch central axis outer edge becomes arc gap shape, the equal symmetry in the center of circle of circular arc is positioned on central axis, paster axle center place has 8-shaped gap, on circular arc medial center axis, asymmetrical load four small sircle holes are coupled simultaneously, marking 5 in Fig. 1 is circular arc, and mark 6 is coupling aperture, and mark 7 is 8-shaped gap.The radius of described circular patch gets 11.8mm, 10.4mm is got in the distance of center circle decentre position of circular arc, the radius of circular arc gets 1.9mm, 7.5mm is got in Coupled Circle pitch-row decentre position, the radius of coupling circular hole gets 0.7mm, and described 8-shaped gap is intersected by two roundlets to be composited, and two roundlets to be positioned on central axis and Central Symmetry, 1.5mm is got in distance center position, and radius gets 1.8mm.Marking 4 in Fig. 1 is power feed hole, and it is radius is 0.5mm ± 0.01mm, is highly the hollow cylinder of 2.5mm ± 0.01mm through ceramic dielectric substrate.Adopt the form of copper eccentric axis feed in the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, this feed form makes the S of antenna
11lower, gain increases.Wherein the inner core of copper axis is connected with rectangular patch 2 by feedback hole, and the outer core of copper axis is connected with the reflecting plate 3 of ceramic dielectric plate lower surface.
See Fig. 3, as can be seen from Figure 3, the working frequency range of inventive antenna embodiment is 1.615GHz ~ 1.638GHz and 2.525GHz ~ 2.535GHz.The return loss (S11) of this working frequency range internal antenna is all below-10dB, and the minimum return loss in 1.6G frequency range is-43.65dB, and the minimum return loss in 2.5G frequency range is-22.58dB.As can be seen from above, requirement can be reached in the return loss performance of whole passband internal antenna.The absolute bandwidth of embodiment of the present invention antenna in 1.6G frequency range and relative bandwidth are respectively 23MHz and 1.44%; Absolute bandwidth in 2.5G frequency range and relative bandwidth are respectively 10MHz and 0.41%, are better than general paster antenna, can be advantageously applied in the satellite communication system such as the Big Dipper and GPS.
See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, Fig. 4 is E face directional diagram, and Fig. 5 is H face directional diagram.From figure, we find out that the present invention has directional radiation properties, can meet the requirement of satellite communication system, and the gain of antenna is 3.85dB, has good gain characteristic, still can optimize further.
See table 1, table 1 gives manufacture mismachining tolerance of the present invention affects situation to antenna performance.
Table 1
Note: in table, data have certain redundancy, has certain relevance between each parameter, and what provide is equalization characteristic sample, can complete particular design by optimum structural parameter according to demand.
Manufacture mismachining tolerance of the present invention is very large on the impact of each parameter of antenna, needs manufacturing process very meticulous.Such as, when the spacing on the width in size, gap on paster, gap and each limit, the size of ceramic dielectric substrate, dielectric-slab copper-clad thickness, feed position equal error control within 5%, and the relative dielectric constant control errors of ceramic dielectric substrate within 5% time, the parameters change of antenna is little.
Embodiments of the invention give a dual-band antenna, and its frequency range is respectively 1.605GHz ~ 1.638GHz and 2.525GHz ~ 2.535GHz, can cover the working frequency range of big-dipper satellite and other global position systems.High performance dielectric baseplate material in embodiment can adopt the high-k quality material of 6 ~ 40 as substrate, preferably get the composite ceramics that relative dielectric constant is 18, the length of ceramic dielectric plate is 8mm ~ 50mm, wide is 8mm ~ 50mm, thick is 2mm ~ 4mm, preferably gets the cuboid of 25mm × 25mm × 2.5mm.
Claims (15)
1. with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that being provided with substrate, two surfaces of substrate are covered with upper surface conductor layer and lower surface conductor layer, upper surface conductor layer is processed into the multifrequency circular radiation paster with recurrence coupling cavity, described multifrequency circular radiation paster central axis outer edge is arc gap shape, axle center place has 8-shaped gap, inside circular arc, symmetrical recurrence loads the coupled chamber that radius diminishes gradually by the ratio η of adjacent two cavity radiuses, η is 0.3 ~ 1, maximum Coupled Circle pitch-row decentre position is 1 ~ 10mm, the maximum radius of coupling circular hole is 0.4 ~ 6mm, chamber central spacing adds 0.5 ~ 1mm for closing on cavity radius sum, described coupled chamber is positioned on the central axis inside circular arc, described 8-shaped gap is intersected by two roundlets to be composited, and two roundlet symmetries are positioned on central axis, and two roundlet distance center positions are 0.8 ~ 3mm, and radius is 1.2 ~ 6mm, lower surface conductor layer is as ground plate.
2., as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that described substrate adopts high-k substrate, dielectric constant is 6 ~ 40.
3., as claimed in claim 2 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that described dielectric constant is 18.
4., as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that described substrate adopts ceramic dielectric substrate or composite ceramic substrate, substrate profile is the circle larger than multifrequency circular radiation paster or rectangle.
5., as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that the thickness of described substrate is 2 ~ 4mm.
6., as claimed in claim 5 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that the thickness of described substrate is 2.2mm.
7., as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that described upper surface conductor layer and lower surface conductor layer are for circular, outline diameter is 8 ~ 50mm.
8., as claimed in claim 7 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that described upper surface conductor layer and lower surface conductor layer are for circular, outline diameter is 25mm.
9., as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that the diameter of described multifrequency circular radiation paster is 8 ~ 50mm.
10., as claimed in claim 9 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that the diameter of described multifrequency circular radiation paster is 25mm.
11. as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that described η is 0.7.
12. as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that maximum coupling aperture distance center position is 7.5mm; Maximum coupled apertures radius is 0.7mm.
13. as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, and it is characterized in that described two roundlet distance center positions are 1.5mm, radius of a circle is 1.8mm.
14. as claimed in claim 1 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, it is characterized in that the radius of described multifrequency circular radiation paster is 4 ~ 25mm, and it is 3 ~ 23mm that the center of circle of circular arc is positioned at distance center position on central axis; The radius of circular arc is 1.5 ~ 12mm.
15. as claimed in claim 14 with the multi-frequency round Beidou patch antenna of recurrence coupling cavity, and it is characterized in that the center of circle of circular arc is positioned at distance center position on central axis is 10.4mm; The radius of circular arc is 1.9mm.
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| CN105006657B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-11-10 | 厦门大学 | A kind of band divides the Cyclic dart type one side LHM structure of shape recursion control |
| CN106229665A (en) * | 2016-09-11 | 2016-12-14 | 河南师范大学 | High frequency power absorption-type microstrip antenna |
| CN109119756B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-06-23 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Wide-angle scanning microstrip phased array antenna |
| CN111987435B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2021-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | Low-profile dual-polarized antenna, array antenna and wireless communication equipment |
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| CN102769183A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-11-07 | 厦门大学 | Quadruple spiral distribution loading oscillator microstrip antenna applied to Beidou system |
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| JP2005203873A (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Patch antenna |
| US20110012788A1 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Miniature Circularly Polarized Folded Patch Antenna |
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| CN102769183A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-11-07 | 厦门大学 | Quadruple spiral distribution loading oscillator microstrip antenna applied to Beidou system |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 一款适用于CNSS及GNSS的双频圆极化天线;朱蕾等;《安徽工程大学学报》;20120630;第27卷(第2期);全文 * |
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