CN116622855A - SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length and application thereof - Google Patents

SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length and application thereof Download PDF

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CN116622855A
CN116622855A CN202310573740.3A CN202310573740A CN116622855A CN 116622855 A CN116622855 A CN 116622855A CN 202310573740 A CN202310573740 A CN 202310573740A CN 116622855 A CN116622855 A CN 116622855A
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macrobrachium rosenbergii
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陈雪峰
楼宝
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Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention provides a macrobrachium rosenbergii body length related SSR marker, which is characterized in that polymorphism screening is carried out on SSR sites in a macrobrachium rosenbergii transcriptome, then SSR marker and body length association analysis is carried out, finally SSR markers related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length are obtained, and a foundation is laid for molecular marker assisted breeding of macrobrachium rosenbergii in the future. The SSR markers related to the body length of the macrobrachium rosenbergii obtained by screening are polymorphic sites obtained by screening from transcriptome data, are related to functional genes, and can provide powerful support for subsequent growth trait association analysis, genetic map construction, QTL positioning and the like.

Description

SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular marker screening application of macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding, and particularly relates to an SSR marker related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length and application thereof.
Background
The giant freshwater shrimps (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) are the biggest freshwater shrimps in the world, have excellent biological characteristics of wide feeding habits, short cultivation period, high nutritional value, strong disease resistance and the like, and therefore have important economic values, are one of important economic crustaceans in inland aquaculture in many areas of the world, and are species for popularization and cultivation to the world, particularly to developing countries, by the combined national grain and agriculture organization (FAO) after the tilapia. In 1976, china introduced the shrimp from Japan for breeding popularization, and through development for more than 40 years, china becomes the biggest country of the giant freshwater shrimp industry worldwide. According to incomplete statistics, the annual production of seedlings in China reaches 400 hundred million by 2022, the cultivation area exceeds 3.5 ten thousand hectares, and the total production exceeds 16 ten thousand tons (accounting for 68 percent of the total global cultivation production). Meanwhile, links such as feed, finished shrimp processing and export are driven, and the total yield value of the industrial chain exceeds 200 hundred million yuan. Meanwhile, the seedlings and the cultivation blocks with special characteristics and definite division are formed. The stable and rapid development of the industry benefits from the development of breeding projects and the industrialized popularization of fine breed selection, and the novel varieties 'nan Taihu No. 2' and 'nan Taihu No. 3' are the most widely cultivated novel varieties in the current industry through the traditional family selection and the breeding of the giant freshwater shrimps which pass the approval of national aquatic breeder seeds and fine breed approval committee. After genetic improvement, the growth speed of the macrobrachium rosenbergii No. 2 is improved by 36.87% and the survival rate is improved by 7.76% compared with the unselected seedlings. The growth rate of the 'nan Taihu No. 3' is improved by 23.36% on the basis of the 'nan Taihu No. 2'.
However, the traditional selective breeding method for improving the macrobrachium rosenbergii character is based on phenotypic value for breeding, and the breeding cycle is long and the efficiency is low. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, large-scale, through-put and rapid molecular marker mining are possible, so that the molecular marker is more and more widely applied in the aspect of assisting traditional breeding. The technology can effectively overcome the defects of small number, large environmental influence, difficult direct selection and the like of morphological markers adopted in the traditional breeding process, thereby accelerating the breeding process, improving the breeding efficiency and shortening the breeding period.
Generally, in the process of collecting growth trait phenotype data for breeding, weight and body length are important phenotype data for evaluating growth speed, for fish, measured individual weight data are basically real phenotype conditions, and for crustaceans, especially macrobrachium rosenbergii, measured individual weight data often deviate, and the main reasons for the deviation are that macrobrachium rosenbergii fights, self-phase killing in molting period and molting is unsophisticated, and appendages and frontal thorns of macrobrachium rosenbergii are broken, especially, second step of foot defect during measurement greatly influences the authenticity of the weight phenotype value. In addition, female and non-female eggs are held during measurement, and the body weight phenotype value is directly influenced. Therefore, the acquired body length phenotype data can more truly reflect the growth condition of the body, and the molecular markers obtained by correlating the body length data are more reliable than the body weight data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a macrobrachium rosenbergii body length related SSR marker, which is characterized in that polymorphism screening is carried out on SSR sites in a macrobrachium rosenbergii transcriptome, then SSR marker and body length association analysis is carried out, finally SSR markers related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length are obtained, and a foundation is laid for molecular marker assisted breeding of macrobrachium rosenbergii in the future.
The invention firstly provides an SSR marker related to the length of macrobrachium rosenbergii, and the molecular marker is named as LSZX001 or LSZX304; wherein the sequence of LSZX001 is as follows: gaggagggtgaaggaacacatggtgatggcattgaggaggaggagctctctaaagaagaggaacac attgaagagccaagtactgaacagaaggaa (caagaa) n gaacaacaagaacaggaacagggacaa gaccaagatcagg; wherein n is 3-5;
the sequence of LSZX304 is as follows:
cctggtttctgtggccttatatggtgaggtcactaccaaccaaggtcaggcggaccttgcgtacgtacatt ctctctttctccgggccaataagagtgcacattgacattcactt(cgtc) n gcctctgcaaaaatattcactg gggttttatctcgttcggatcgttttctttgcccgagaggaagtggaaatgacctcga; where n is 3-5, as determined by the number of repetitions.
A primer pair for detecting the LSZX001 marker, wherein the upstream primer sequence is 5'-GAGGAGGGTGAAGGAACACA-3', and the downstream primer sequence is 5'-CCTGATCTTGGTCTTGTCCC-3';
the LSZX304 labeled primer pair was detected with an upstream primer sequence of 5'-TCCTGGTTTCTGTGGCCTTA-3' and a downstream primer sequence of 5'-TCGAGGTCATTTCCACTTCC-3'.
The SSR marker provided by the invention is used for screening high-body-length macrobrachium rosenbergii;
in a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of screening high-body macrobrachium rosenbergii by detecting whether the genotype of the LSZX001 marker in the individual to be screened is 162/165 or 162/168 or 165/174 or 168/174 or 174/174 or 168/168; whether the genotype of the LSZX304 marker is 210/214.
The method is completed by amplifying the PCR primer pair, sequencing the amplified product and analyzing the genotype.
The method for screening high-body macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the invention has the following specific operation:
1) Extracting genome DNA of an individual to be detected,
2) PCR amplification and fluorescence detection:
marking fluorescein at the 5' end of the forward primer for PCR reaction, and automatically detecting the PCR product by fluorescence;
3) Data analysis
Generating a map file of the loci by using Genemapper4.0 software, and measuring the length and fluorescence intensity peak value of the PCR amplified products to obtain the genotype of each locus; and determining whether the macrobrachium rosenbergii is high-body macrobrachium rosenbergii according to the genotype.
The SSR markers related to the body length of the macrobrachium rosenbergii obtained by screening are polymorphic sites obtained by screening from transcriptome data, are related to functional genes, and can provide powerful support for subsequent growth trait association analysis, genetic map construction, QTL positioning and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1: results of SSR analysis of Unigenes in the macrobrachium rosenbergii transcriptome,
fig. 2: LSZX001 locus genotyping result diagram,
fig. 3: LSZX304 locus genotyping results.
Detailed Description
Microsatellites (microsatellites) are also called simple repeated sequences (simple sequence repeats, SSR), are second-generation molecular markers, have the advantages of high polymorphism, rich information content, co-dominant inheritance and the like, and are widely applied to aspects of germplasm identification, genetic structure analysis, genetic linkage map construction, QTL positioning and the like of aquatic animals. Research work related to SSR of Guan Luoshi macrobrachium rosenbergii has been carried out, but most of the research work is focused on population genetic structure evaluation, and research on association analysis of macrobrachium rosenbergii body length traits by using SSR markers is not yet seen at present.
The present invention uses conventional techniques and methods used in the fields of genetic engineering and molecular biology, such as those described in MOLECULAR CLONING: A LABORATORY MANUAL,3ndEd (Sambrook, 2001) and CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (Ausubel, 2003). These general references provide definitions and methods known to those skilled in the art. The invention is not limited to any particular method, protocol, or reagents described.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: screening SSR markers
1. Obtaining experimental shrimp
The method comprises the steps of randomly mating, breeding and emergence of seedlings by a group, setting the breeding density to be 2 ten thousand per mu, breeding for 4 months, randomly catching 199 shrimps, and measuring the body length of each shrimp. Muscle tissue was cut and fixed in 95% ethanol for DNA extraction.
2. Polymorphic SSR primer screening
Transcriptome sequencing is carried out on the Macrobrachium rosenbergii ovary tissue by using an Illumina HiSeqTM 4000 high-throughput sequencing platform, 95379 Unigenes are obtained by splicing after quality control and assembly of raw data, and SSR detection is carried out on the Unigenes by using MISA software. Three-base, four-base or five-base repeated sequences with the repetition times of more than 5 times are selected, primer premier5.0 software is used for designing primers, 10 individuals are randomly selected for screening polymorphic SSR sites, and the primers are synthesized by the division of biological engineering (Shanghai).
3. Genomic DNA extraction
Extracting genome DNA from the samples of the population by using a Takara genome extraction kit, wherein the specific operation method is as described in the specification, 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and a spectrophotometer are used for detecting the quality and concentration of the DNA, and the DNA samples are stored at-20 ℃ for later use.
4. PCR amplification and fluorescence detection
The total volume of the PCR reaction was 25. Mu.L, the template was 50ng of genomic DNA, and the other components were labeled with fluorescein FAM (blue) at the 5' end of the forward primer according to Taq enzyme (Takara) specifications. The PCR conditions were as follows: 94 ℃ for 2min;94 ℃ for 30s,60 ℃ for 45s,72 ℃ for 2min,30 cycles; extending at 72 ℃ for 10min; preserving at 4 ℃. The PCR products were automatically detected by fluorescence using an ABI3730XL (applied biosystems) DNA analyzer.
5. Data analysis
Generating a map file of each site by using Genemapper4.0 software, and measuring the length and fluorescence intensity peak value of PCR amplified products to obtain the genotype of each site. Popgene32 calculated allele (numbers of the alleles, na), effective allele (numbers of the effective alleles, ne), expected heterozygosity (expected heterozygosity, he), observed heterozygosity (observed heterozygosity, ho), and Hard-weinberg equilibrium test (P-value). The polymorphic information content (Polymorphism information content, PIC) was calculated by reference to the method of Botstein et al.
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0 software, first to perform a normal test on the phenotypic data, a general linear model (General Linear Model, GLM) was applied to perform microsatellite locus and length association analysis, and multiple comparisons (LSD) of different genotypes at the same locus.
18592 SSR sites consisting of one to six nucleotide repeats were found in total, accounting for 19.49% of the total number of Unigenes. The proportion of single nucleotide repeat types is highest, up to 52.71%, and then the single nucleotide repeat types are sequentially two, three, four, five and six, and the proportion is 32.61%, 15.90%, 0.80%, 0.05% and 0.04% respectively. Among the mononucleotide, dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat types, the most number of repeat motifs are A/T (9407), AG/GA (2244), AAT/ATA/TAA (344), and the least number of repeat motifs are C/G (392), CG/GC (12), CGG/GGC/GCG (15), respectively. The polymorphism screening is carried out by randomly selecting 63 sites, and 31 sites show polymorphism, 32 sites have no polymorphism, and the proportion of the polymorphic sites is 49.2%.
Of the 31 polymorphic sites, 19 sites were selected for genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that 65 alleles were detected in total, an average allele factor of 3.4211, an effective allele factor of 1.0901-4.2309, an average of 2.0941, an observed heterozygosity of 0.0854-0.6734, an average of 0.4105, a desired heterozygosity of 0.0826-0.7656, an average of 0.4496, a polymorphic information content of 0.0805-0.7267, an average of 0.3882,6 loci PIC value of greater than 0.5,4 loci PIC value of less than 0.25,9 loci PIC value of between 0.25 and 0.5, and a balance of Hard-weinberg for the remaining 10 loci (P < 0.05) or very significant (P < 0.01) of 19 loci, LSZX008, LSZX100, LSZX107, LSZX202, LSZX207, LSZX300, LSZX304, LSZX406 and LSZX605 loci conforming to the balance (Table 1).
Table 1: population genetic diversity analysis information table
Wherein the LSZX001 core sequence is (CAAGAA) n, the LSZX304 core sequence is (CGTC) n,
wherein the LSZX 001-labeled primer is detected, and the sequence information of the upstream and downstream primers thereof is as follows:
F:5′-GAGGAGGGTGAAGGAACACA-3′、
R:5′-CCTGATCTTGGTCTTGTCCC-3′;
wherein the LSZX304 labeled primer is detected, and the sequence information of the upstream primer and the downstream primer is as follows:
F:5′-TCCTGGTTTCTGTGGCCTTA-3′、
R:5′-TCGAGGTCATTTCCACTTCC-3′。
information on genotypes amplified at two sites is shown in Table 2 below.
Table 2: genotype information table for LSZX001 and LSZX304
Example 2: SSR sites associated with body length
The SSR sites and the macrobrachium rosenbergii body length association analysis is carried out by using a GLM model, and the results show that the two SSR sites LSZX001 and LSZX304 are obviously related to the body length (P is less than 0.05) (Table 3). Multiple comparisons of different genotypes and body lengths are carried out on SSR loci with significant differences, wherein the average value of the body length of individuals with LSZX001 locus 162/174 genotype is extremely lower than that of individuals with other genotypes (P < 0.01); while LSZX304 locus 210/214 genotype individuals had significantly higher length-to-length averages than 210/210, 210/214 genotype individuals (P < 0.05) (Table 4).
Table 3: correlation of LSZX001 and LSZX304 locus with somatical length character
Note that: the numerical values in the table are probability values of microsatellite loci and body length association analysis, and superscript ". Times.represents that body length characters are obviously related to marks (P is less than 0.05), and superscript". Times.represents that body length characters are extremely obviously related to marks (P is less than 0.01).
Table 4: genotype and body length multiple comparison table
Example 3: verification of two loci in a breeding population
And randomly extracting 56 shrimps of one culture population cultured in the same pond, measuring the body length and the body weight of each shrimp, and verifying the screened SSR markers. The results showed that the genotype individuals at the LSZX001 locus at 162/165 or 168/168 or 174/174 or 162/168 or 168/174 had a significantly longer body length than the genotype individuals at 162/174 (P < 0.05), an average of 27.36% higher body length, and the genotype individuals at the 162/165 genotype had a significantly higher body weight than the genotype individuals at 162/174, and an average of 53.25% higher body weight (Table 5). The individual body length of 210/214 genotype at LSZX304 was significantly higher than that of other genotype individuals (P < 0.05), the average body length was 12.59% higher, and the individual body length of 210/214 genotype was significantly higher than that of 210/210 and 214/214 genotype individuals in terms of body weight, and the average body weight was 24.47% higher (Table 5).
TABLE 5 validation results of two loci in a breeding population
The results show that the markers related to the body length, which are screened by the method, can be used for rapidly and accurately screening the parents with excellent growth traits for breeding macrobrachium rosenbergii, and the selection targets are clear, so that the method is time-saving and labor-saving.

Claims (8)

1. An SSR marker related to the length of a macrobrachium rosenbergii body, which is characterized in that the nucleotide sequence of the molecular marker LSZX001 is as follows:
gaggagggtgaaggaacacatggtgatggcattgaggaggaggagctctctaaagaagaggaacacattgaag agccaagtactgaacagaaggaa(caagaa) n gaacaacaagaacaggaacagggacaagaccaagatcagg;
the nucleotide sequence of the molecular marker LSZX304 is as follows:
cctggtttctgtggccttatatggtgaggtcactaccaaccaaggtcaggcggaccttgcgtacgtacattctctcttt ctccgggccaataagagtgcacattgacattcactt(cgtc) n gcctctgcaaaaatattcactggggttttatctcgttcggat cgttttctttgcccgagaggaagtggaaatgacctcga; wherein n is 3-5.
2. Use of a primer pair for detecting an SSR marker as claimed in claim 1 in the preparation of a detection reagent for screening tall individuals of macrobrachium rosenbergii.
3. The use of claim 2, wherein the detection pair has an upstream primer sequence of 5'-GAGGAGGGTGAAGGAACACA-3' and a downstream primer sequence of 5'-CCTGATCTTGGTCTTGTCCC-3';
or the upstream primer sequence was 5'-TCCTGGTTTCTGTGGCCTTA-3' and the downstream primer sequence was 5'-TCGAGGTCATTTCCACTTCC-3'.
4. A method for screening high-body-length macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is characterized in that the molecular marker of claim 1 is detected to screen high-body-length individuals.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is performed by sequencing the amplified product after amplification by the PCR primer pair, and then analyzing the genotype.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the steps of the method are as follows:
1) Extracting genome DNA of an individual to be detected,
2) PCR amplification and fluorescence detection:
marking fluorescein at the 5' end of the forward primer for PCR reaction, and automatically detecting the PCR product by fluorescence;
3) Data analysis
Generating a map file of the loci by using Genemapper4.0 software, and measuring the length and fluorescence intensity peak value of the PCR amplified products to obtain the genotype of each locus; and determining whether the macrobrachium rosenbergii is high-body macrobrachium rosenbergii according to the genotype.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is to screen whether the genotype of the LSZX001 marker is 162/165, 162/168, 165/174, 168/174, 174/174 or 168/168 individuals.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is to screen whether the genotype of the LSZX304 marker is 210/214 individuals.
CN202310573740.3A 2023-05-22 2023-05-22 SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker related to macrobrachium rosenbergii body length and application thereof Pending CN116622855A (en)

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