CN116609840A - Horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system - Google Patents
Horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116609840A CN116609840A CN202310642790.2A CN202310642790A CN116609840A CN 116609840 A CN116609840 A CN 116609840A CN 202310642790 A CN202310642790 A CN 202310642790A CN 116609840 A CN116609840 A CN 116609840A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- signal
- electromagnetic wave
- attaching unit
- units
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system, which comprises: the base is arranged in the tunnel and faces the tunneling direction of the tunnel; the attaching unit is arranged at the end part of the base, and the end surface of the attaching unit is attached to the tunneling surface of the tunnel; the signal transmitting units are arranged on the attaching unit at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals to the front of the tunneling surface; the plurality of signal receiving units are arranged on the attaching unit at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals; the signal processing unit is in communication connection with the signal receiving units and is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals received by the signal receiving units and processing the signals; the position of the attaching unit relative to the base is adjustable, the positions of the signal transmitting units and the signal receiving units on the attaching unit are adjustable, and the signal processing unit searches the direction with the smallest volume of geological defects communicated with the section of the current tunnel extending direction as the tunneling direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration equipment, in particular to a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system.
Background
The geological conditions faced by underground engineering are influenced by various factors, the existence of faults easily causes the medium to be easily damaged, and the karst cave brings great potential safety hazards to the engineering. Therefore, before and during construction, the area through which the underground engineering passes needs to be surveyed, and geological defects are avoided or intervened so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the underground engineering. Geological radar is often used in the survey. The geological radar measurement is equipment for judging whether the poor geological conditions affecting the construction safety of underground engineering such as karst, faults, water bodies or empty bags exist in the signal transmitting direction of the geological radar by utilizing the propagation and reflection of electromagnetic waves sent by the geological radar in a medium, and the geological condition of an underground region to be measured is judged by utilizing the advantages of strong penetrating capacity of the electromagnetic waves and no damage to the structure and combining the propagation speed of the electromagnetic waves in different mediums and the double-pass running time between the going-back of the electromagnetic waves.
The frequency of the electromagnetic wave is inversely proportional to the wavelength, and under the fixed electromagnetic wave frequency, the geological defect or the part with thinner thickness can not be effectively identified, in addition, the geological radar has enough detection depth, and when the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is increased, the horizontal resolution of the geological radar is deteriorated, namely the search range is narrowed, so that the geological defect closer to the geological radar is not easily found. CN110221340a provides a method for advanced geological prediction in tunneling construction, which adopts a combination of seismic wave reflection method and geological radar to perform geological prediction, and also has the steps of advanced horizontal drilling and advanced blast hole supplementary detection, so that the surveying forms are various, and the result is more accurate. However, this method has a large workload, besides advanced drilling and detection on the driving surface, further drilling of deepened blast holes, and corresponding drilling of holes at poor geological positions, and some schemes even set annular exploratory holes on the wall surface adjacent to the driving surface, which results in a large engineering amount in the construction area.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system to overcome the defects of complicated steps and low efficiency of the existing underground survey in the tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system which does not need to additionally open holes on the surface of a tunnel and increases the engineering quantity.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system, which comprises:
the base is arranged in the tunnel and extends towards the tunneling direction of the tunnel;
the attaching unit is arranged at the end part of the base and is arranged at an interval relative to the base; the end face of the attaching unit is used for being attached to the tunneling face of the tunnel;
the signal transmitting units are arranged on the attaching unit at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals to the front of the tunneling surface;
the signal receiving units are arranged on the attaching unit at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals;
the signal processing unit is in communication connection with the signal receiving units and is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals received by the signal receiving units and processing the signals;
the gesture of the attaching unit relative to the base is adjustable, and the positions of the signal transmitting units and the signal receiving units on the attaching unit are adjustable; the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the signal emitting unit can be adjusted.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the profile of the tunneling surface is spherical crown or hemispherical; the surface of the attaching unit far away from the base is propped against the tunneling surface.
Preferably, one side of the base, which is close to the attaching unit, is provided with at least one through caulking groove, a plurality of sliding blocks are arranged on the end surface of the attaching unit, which is close to the base, at intervals, and the sliding blocks extend into the at least one caulking groove and are in sliding connection with the base; the outline of the extending direction of the at least one caulking groove is matched with the outline of the attaching unit; the fitting unit slides along the at least one caulking groove and rotates at a certain angle relative to the vertical center plane of the profile of the heading face.
Further preferably, the attaching unit is provided with a plurality of penetrating clamping parts in an array manner, and a plurality of signal transmitting units and a plurality of signal receiving units are respectively embedded in different clamping parts and are detachably connected with the attaching unit;
the maximum chord length of the laminating unit is provided with a plurality of first virtual planes along a first preset direction, the adjacent first virtual planes are arranged at intervals, and each first virtual plane equally divides the maximum chord length;
a plurality of second virtual planes are arranged along the maximum chord length of the laminating unit along a second preset direction, the adjacent second virtual planes are arranged at intervals, and each second virtual plane equally divides the maximum chord length; the first preset direction is the maximum chord length direction of the horizontal direction of the attaching unit, and the second preset direction is the maximum chord length direction of the vertical direction of the attaching unit;
one end of each of the plurality of clamping parts is positioned at the crossing position of each of the first virtual plane and the second virtual plane on the laminating unit; the other ends of the clamping parts extend towards the central axis direction of the laminating unit.
Further preferably, the distance between the adjacent second virtual planes is equal to the distance between the adjacent first virtual planes.
Further preferably, the plurality of signal transmitting units and the plurality of signal receiving units are equidistantly spaced relative to a central axis of the attaching unit.
It is further preferable that the signal processing unit is configured to receive electromagnetic wave signals received by the plurality of signal receiving units and process the signals, and one or more signal transmitting units and one or more signal receiving units are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the clamping joints on two sides of the longitudinal center surface of the attaching unit, and distances from the one or more correspondingly arranged signal transmitting units and signal receiving units to the central axis of the attaching unit are equal; sequentially triggering the signal transmitting units, and receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave signals by the signal receiving units; the signal processing unit estimates the volume of the geological defect in the sector area in front of the tunneling surface according to the detection depth, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and the double-pass time of the electromagnetic wave signal transmission.
Still further preferably, the sequentially triggering each signal transmitting unit and receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave signal by the signal receiving unit slides the attaching unit to one end position of the caulking groove, firstly, one or more signal transmitting units and the signal receiving unit sequentially start the signal transmitting units on each first virtual plane arranged on each non-longitudinal central plane according to the sequence from small to large distance from the horizontal central plane or the longitudinal central plane of the attaching unit, and the signal receiving units on each first virtual plane arranged on the non-longitudinal central plane receive the electromagnetic wave signal; then according to the distance between each second virtual plane and the horizontal center plane of the attaching unit, sequentially starting each signal transmitting unit on each second virtual plane of the non-horizontal center plane, and receiving electromagnetic wave signals corresponding to the signal receiving units on each second virtual plane of the non-horizontal center plane; then adjusting the position of the attaching unit in the caulking groove, and repeating the process until the attaching unit slides to one end position of the caulking groove; then, the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of the signal transmitting unit is adjusted, and the above-described process is repeated.
Still further preferably, the signal processing unit estimates the volume of the geological defect in the sector in front of the tunneling surface according to the detection depth, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and the double-pass time of the electromagnetic wave signal transmission, and determines that when each signal transmitting unit is started, the double-pass time of the signal receiving unit symmetrically arranged with the currently working signal transmitting unit is correspondingly acquired, and the thickness of the geological defect is calculated according to the relative conductivity and the speed of the electromagnetic wave in the medium; fitting a section of the geological defect according to whether the time difference between the receiving time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signals obtained by the adjacent signal receiving units on the first virtual plane or the second virtual plane in the measuring time window and the time difference when the signal transmitting unit transmits the electromagnetic wave signals is abrupt; and obtaining the volume of the geological defect according to the section of the geological defect and the thickness of the geological defect.
Still further preferably, the signal processing unit further selects, as the tunneling direction, a direction in which the volume of the geological defect communicated with the tunneling face of the current tunnel is smallest, according to the acquired volume of the geological defect.
Compared with the prior art, the horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the scheme, the swingable attaching unit is arranged on the end face of the tunneling direction of the tunnel, so that the tunneling direction and the geological conditions nearby the tunneling direction are convenient to sweep, the distribution condition of the underground geological defects in a large range is obtained, the optimal tunneling direction is better selected, and the auxiliary workload and the reinforcing measures of construction are reduced;
(2) According to the scheme, deep holes are not required to be formed in the tunneling surface and the adjacent surfaces of the tunneling surface, so that a large amount of auxiliary detection time can be saved, the excavation workload is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a conforming unit of a horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a conforming unit of a horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of each of the clamping portions, signal transmitting units and signal receiving units of a second virtual plane of a horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmitting unit and a signal receiving unit of a horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system of the present invention straddling a first virtual plane and/or a second virtual plane;
fig. 7 is a schematic layout of another signal transmitting unit and signal receiving unit of a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system, which comprises a base 1, a fitting unit 2, a plurality of signal transmitting units 3, a plurality of signal receiving units 4 and a signal processing unit 5.
The base 1 is arranged in the tunnel and extends towards the tunneling direction of the tunnel; the base 1 is an installation foundation of the attaching unit 2, the plurality of signal transmitting units 3, the plurality of signal receiving units 4 and the signal processing unit 5, and can move relative to the tunnel, and as a preferable content, the base 1 can lift the attaching unit 2 to a proper height, so that the attaching unit 2 is better aligned with the center direction of the tunneling surface.
The attaching unit 2 is arranged at the end part of the base 1 and is arranged at an interval relative to the base 1; the end face of the attaching unit 2 is used for attaching to the tunneling face of the tunnel; the attaching unit 2 is used for attaching closely to the heading face on the one hand and fixing the relative positions of the signal transmitting units 3 and the signal receiving units 4 on the other hand.
The signal transmitting units 3 are arranged on the attaching unit 2 at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals to the front of a tunneling surface; the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal is directly related to the maximum detection depth of the geological radar.
The plurality of signal receiving units 4 are arranged on the attaching unit 2 at intervals and penetrate through and are used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals; the signal receiving unit 4 and the signal transmitting unit 3 are arranged in pairs for receiving electromagnetic wave signals reflected by geological interfaces, subsurface geological defects.
The signal processing unit 5 is in communication connection with the signal receiving units 4, and is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals received by the signal receiving units 4 and processing the signals; the signal processing unit 5 judges the relation between the outline of the underground geological defect and the tunneling surface according to the received reflected electromagnetic wave signals, so that the optimal tunneling direction is selected, the construction workload is reduced, and the engineering quality is stabilized.
The posture of the fitting unit 2 with respect to the base 1 is adjustable, and the positions of the plurality of signal transmitting units 3 and the plurality of signal receiving units 4 on the fitting unit 2 are adjustable. In order to detect the underground geological defects at different distances from the driving surface, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the signal transmitting unit 3 can be adjusted according to the requirement.
In order to achieve a good fitting effect, the profile of the tunneling surface is spherical crown or hemispherical; the surface of the attaching unit 2 away from the base 1 abuts against the tunneling surface, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the attaching unit 2 is also spherical crown-shaped or hemispherical, but the projected area of the end surface of the attaching unit 2 in the vertical direction does not exceed the projected area of the tunneling surface in the vertical direction.
In order to facilitate adjustment of the relative posture of the attaching unit 2 relative to the base 1 or the central axis of the tunneling surface, sweeping the range of the surrounding geological environment in the advancing direction of the tunneling surface, at least one through caulking groove 100 is arranged on one side of the base 1, which is close to the attaching unit 2, a plurality of sliding blocks 200 are arranged on the end surface, which is close to the base 1, of the attaching unit 2 at intervals, and the sliding blocks 200 extend into the at least one caulking groove 100 and are in sliding connection with the base 1; the contour of the extending direction of at least one caulking groove 100 coincides with the contour of the fitting unit 2; the abutment unit 2 slides along at least one caulking groove 100 and is rotated at an angle with respect to the vertical center plane of the profile of the heading face. The angles of sliding of the laminating unit 2 along at least one caulking groove 100 each time, corresponding detection areas and edges can be partially overlapped, so that the risk of detection blind areas can be avoided, and the situation of underground geological defects in a certain distance range in front of the propulsion face can be comprehensively and fully acquired. As a preferred embodiment, the angle at which the fitting unit 2 slides along the at least one caulking groove 100 at a time does not exceed 1/6-/angle 5 of the central angle of the at least one caulking groove 100.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to facilitate assembly, sliding and position locking, at least one caulking groove 100 is provided with an arc-shaped through groove body with an opening, the surface of the laminating unit 2, which is close to the base 1, is provided with an arc-shaped columnar sliding block 200 extending outwards to form sufficient surface contact, in order to lock the position of the sliding block 200 after sliding, a through locking member such as a pin or a bolt can be arranged on one side, which is far away from the opening direction, of the sliding groove 100, and blind holes are correspondingly arranged on the sliding block 200.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to equidistantly arrange each signal transmitting unit 3 and each signal receiving unit 4, a plurality of through clamping parts 201 are arranged on the attaching unit 2 in an array manner, and the plurality of signal transmitting units 3 and the plurality of signal receiving units 4 are respectively embedded in different clamping parts 201 and detachably connected with the attaching unit 2.
The engagement portion 201 is obtained by: the maximum chord length of the attaching unit 2 is provided with a plurality of first virtual planes 300 along a first preset direction, the adjacent first virtual planes 300 are arranged at intervals, and each first virtual plane 300 equally divides the maximum chord length;
a plurality of second virtual planes 400 are arranged along the second preset direction along the maximum chord length of the laminating unit 2, the adjacent second virtual planes 400 are arranged at intervals, and each second virtual plane 400 equally divides the maximum chord length; the first preset direction is the maximum chord length direction of the laminating unit 2 in the horizontal direction, and the second preset direction is the maximum chord length direction of the laminating unit 2 in the vertical direction;
one end of each of the plurality of clamping parts 201 is respectively positioned at the crossing position of each of the first virtual plane 300 and the second virtual plane 400 on the laminating unit 2; the other ends of the plurality of engaging portions 201 extend toward the central axis of the laminating unit 2. The number of the first virtual screens 300 shown in the drawings is 8, which is divided by the longitudinal center plane of the laminating unit 2, in a plurality of planes such as 300A, 300B, 300C, … …, and 300H arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, but this should not be construed as limiting the first virtual screens 300, the actual number may be increased or decreased as needed, and the number of the second virtual screens 400 is the same, but the second virtual screens 400 are all parallel to the horizontal center plane of the laminating unit 2.
As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the distance between adjacent second virtual planes 400 is equal to the distance between adjacent first virtual planes 300, i.e. the distance between adjacent first virtual planes 300 or adjacent second virtual planes 400 is not more than 150mm.
The signal transmitting units 3 and the signal receiving units 4 are arranged at equal intervals relative to the central axis of the laminating unit 2, namely the included angles between the signal transmitting units 3 and the signal receiving units 4 which are arranged in pairs and the central axis of the laminating unit 2 are equal, and the distances between the signal transmitting units 3 and the signal receiving units 4 and the central axis of the laminating unit 2 are equal.
The signal processing unit 5 is configured to receive electromagnetic wave signals received by the plurality of signal receiving units 4 and process the signals, and is configured to respectively and correspondingly arrange one or more signal transmitting units 3 and signal receiving units 4 at the clamping parts 201 at two sides of the longitudinal center plane of the attaching unit 2, where the distances from the correspondingly arranged one or more signal transmitting units 3 and signal receiving units 4 to the central axis of the attaching unit 2 are equal; sequentially triggering the signal transmitting units 3, and receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave signals by the signal receiving unit 4; the signal processing unit 5 estimates the volume of geological defects in the sector in front of the driving surface according to the detection depth, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and the double-pass time of the transmission of the electromagnetic wave signal. And judging the volume of the area which is communicated with the current heading face extending direction and the geological defect possibly existing, and selecting the direction with the smallest volume of the area which is communicated with the geological defect as the subsequent heading direction of the tunnel.
Specifically, the attaching unit 2 is slid to an end position of the caulking groove 100, such as an initial position of a start end. Firstly, one or more signal transmitting units 3 and signal receiving units 4 are sequentially started up to signal transmitting units 3 on each first virtual plane 300 arranged on each non-longitudinal center plane according to the sequence from small to large distance from the horizontal center plane or the longitudinal center plane of the attaching unit 2, and electromagnetic wave signals are received by the signal receiving units 4 on each first virtual plane 300 arranged on the non-longitudinal center plane; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, taking the example on each first virtual plane 300, the first virtual planes 300A and 300B are equidistant from the longitudinal center plane, the first virtual planes 300C and 300D are equidistant from the longitudinal center plane, the first virtual planes 300E and 300F are equidistant from the longitudinal center plane, and the first virtual planes 300G and 300H are equidistant from the longitudinal center plane. As shown in fig. 5, when this step is performed, it is possible to select to sequentially activate the respective signal transmitting units 3 on the longitudinal center plane in order of small to large distances from the longitudinal center plane, such as first activating one or more signal transmitting units 3 on the first virtual plane 300B on the right side of the longitudinal center plane, and then receiving electromagnetic wave signals by the signal receiving units 4 on the respective first virtual planes 300A, 300C, 300E, and 300G on the left side of the longitudinal center plane, respectively; one or more signal transmitting units 3 on the first virtual plane 300D are then activated, and so on. The plurality of signal transmitting units 3 which are positioned on one side of the same longitudinal center plane and pass through the same first virtual plane can be started alternately in a mode of first middle part and second section. The dashed lines in fig. 5 correspond to the correspondence of a set of signal transmitting units 3 and signal receiving units 4, but the dashed lines do not all reflect the correspondence of each signal receiving unit 4 and signal transmitting unit 3. Fig. 6 shows a correspondence of any one of the plurality of signal transmitting units 3 and the signal receiving unit 4 passing through the plane where the broken line portion as in fig. 5 is located. It is assumed that the reflection of electromagnetic wave signals in this plane is one-to-one correspondence, such as A1O1A2, A3O2A4, A5O3A6, and A7O4A8, but the figure can reflect only the boundary condition of subsurface geological defects in the current section, and the details of the adjacent areas in this plane cannot be represented.
After the previous step is performed, as shown in fig. 7, each signal transmitting unit 3 on each second virtual plane 400 of the non-horizontal center plane is sequentially started according to the distance between each second virtual plane 400 and the horizontal center plane of the attaching unit 2, and electromagnetic wave signals are received by the signal receiving units 4 on each second virtual plane 400 arranged on the non-horizontal center plane; then, the position of the attaching unit 2 in the caulking groove 100 is adjusted, and the above process is repeated until the attaching unit 2 slides to one end position of the caulking groove 100; similar second virtual planes 400A and 400B are equidistant from the horizontal center plane, second virtual planes 400C and 400D are equidistant from the horizontal center plane, second virtual planes 400E and 400F are equidistant from the horizontal center plane, and second virtual planes 400G and 400H are equidistant from the horizontal center plane. Taking fig. 7 as an example, first, one or more signal transmitting units 3 on the second virtual plane 400A above the horizontal center plane are activated, corresponding signal receiving units 4 on the second virtual planes 400B, 400D, 400F and 400H located below the horizontal center plane are activated to receive electromagnetic wave signals, respectively, and then the signal transmitting units 3 on 400C, 400E and 400G are activated again. Similar to the previous step, the plurality of signal transmitting units 3 on the same horizontal center plane side and passing through the same second virtual plane can be started alternately in a mode of first middle part and then two sections. The above two steps search for an area in front of the heading face twice in an approximately orthogonal manner, then change the posture of the attaching unit 2 relative to the heading face, and search again until reaching the other end position of the caulking groove 100, forming a complete search process.
The above-mentioned process is carried out and then used as a cycle, and in the process of carrying out detection, the central frequency of each signal transmitting unit 3 is kept unchanged; then the central frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of the signal transmitting unit 3 is adjusted, and the whole retrieval process of multiple resolutions and multiple frequency bands can be completed by repeating the process.
The signal processing unit 5 estimates the volume of the geological defect in the sector area in front of the tunneling surface, determines the two-way time at the signal receiving unit 4 symmetrically arranged with the current working signal transmitting unit 3 when each signal transmitting unit 3 is started, and calculates the thickness of the geological defect according to the relative conductivity and the speed of the electromagnetic wave signal in the medium; the relative dielectric constant ζ is given here r The formula of (a) is xi r ＝(ft/2d) 2 ，v＝(2d/t)×10 9 Wherein f is the size of the lower limit of the geological defect; t is the double-pass time at the signal receiving unit 4 symmetrically arranged by the current working signal transmitting unit 3; d is the thickness of the geological defect; v is the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic wave signal in the current subsurface medium.
Then fitting the shape of the cross section of the geological defect according to whether the time difference between the receiving time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signals acquired by the adjacent signal receiving units 4 on the first virtual plane 300 or the second virtual plane 400 in the measuring time window and the time difference when the signal transmitting unit 3 transmits the electromagnetic wave signals is abrupt; and obtaining the volume of the geological defect according to the shape of the section of the geological defect and the thickness of the geological defect. The shape of the cross section fitting the address defect needs to be multiplied by an area correction factor proportional to the included angle in the same plane of the signal transmitting unit 3 and the signal receiving unit 4 and the maximum detection distance of the geological radar at the current center frequency. Whether or not the time difference mentioned here is abrupt indicates that the difference in the two-way time from the adjacent signal receiving units 4 exceeds more than 5% of the average value of the difference in the two-way time; the shape of the section fitting the geological defect can be obtained by adopting a plane discrete point fitting curve tool in MATLAB, wherein the fitted curve is a circle or an ellipse, the area of the circle or the ellipse is obtained, the area of the circle or the ellipse is corrected by using an area correction coefficient, and the area of the circle or the ellipse is multiplied by the geological obtained in the previous stepThe thickness of the defect, and the volume of the geological defect is obtained. Area correction coefficient S d The following formula is adopted for calculation:wherein alpha is the maximum value of the included angle in the same plane of the signal transmitting unit 3 and the signal receiving unit 4, which have abrupt time difference; alpha 0 Is the central angle corresponding to the caulking groove 100; d is the maximum detection distance of the geological radar at the current center frequency; beta is an adjusting factor, and the value range is 0.1,0.9.
Finally, the signal processing unit 5 also selects the direction with the smallest volume of the geological defect communicated with the tunneling surface of the current tunnel as the tunneling direction according to the acquired volume of the geological defect.
The tunneling direction is specifically limited as follows: 1) The direction of the smallest fitted volume of the signal processing unit 5 is not smaller than the minimum turning radius area of the tunneling machine; 2) The volume of geological defects located entirely within the interior region of the heading face is disregarded; 3) The volume of the geological defects communicated with the tunneling surface of the current tunnel is the sum of the accumulated volumes of the geological defects located in the area corresponding to the maximum detection of the geological radar in the extending direction of the tunneling surface and the outside of the section of the tunneling surface and communicated directly.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system, comprising:
the base (1) is arranged in the tunnel and extends towards the tunneling direction of the tunnel;
the attaching unit (2) is arranged at the end part of the base (1) and is arranged at an interval relative to the base (1); the end face of the attaching unit (2) is used for being attached to the tunneling face of the tunnel;
the signal transmitting units (3) are arranged on the attaching unit (2) at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals to the front of the tunneling surface;
the signal receiving units (4) are arranged on the attaching unit (2) at intervals and penetrate through the attaching unit and are used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals;
the signal processing unit (5) is in communication connection with the signal receiving units (4) and is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals received by the signal receiving units (4) and processing the signals;
the gesture of the attaching unit (2) relative to the base (1) is adjustable, and the positions of the plurality of signal transmitting units (3) and the plurality of signal receiving units (4) on the attaching unit (2) are adjustable; the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the signal emitting unit (3) can be adjusted.
2. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the profile of the tunneling surface is spherical crown or hemispherical; the surface of the attaching unit (2) far away from the base (1) is propped against the tunneling surface.
3. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 2, characterized in that: one side of the base (1) close to the attaching unit (2) is provided with at least one through caulking groove (100), a plurality of sliding blocks (200) are arranged on the end surface of the attaching unit (2) close to the base (1) at intervals, and the sliding blocks (200) extend into the caulking groove (100) and are in sliding connection with the base (1); the contour of the extending direction of the at least one caulking groove (100) is matched with the contour of the attaching unit (2); the abutment unit (2) slides along at least one caulking groove (100) and rotates at an angle with respect to the vertical central plane of the profile of the heading face.
4. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the laminating unit (2) is provided with a plurality of through clamping parts (201) in an array manner, and a plurality of signal transmitting units (3) and a plurality of signal receiving units (4) are respectively embedded in different clamping parts (201) and are detachably connected with the laminating unit (2);
the maximum chord length of the attaching unit (2) is provided with a plurality of first virtual planes (300) along a first preset direction, the adjacent first virtual planes (300) are arranged at intervals, and each first virtual plane (300) equally divides the maximum chord length;
a plurality of second virtual planes (400) are arranged along the maximum chord length of the attaching unit (2) along a second preset direction, the adjacent second virtual planes (400) are arranged at intervals, and each second virtual plane (400) equally divides the maximum chord length; the first preset direction is the maximum chord length direction of the laminating unit (2) in the horizontal direction, and the second preset direction is the maximum chord length direction of the laminating unit (2) in the vertical direction;
one end of each of the plurality of clamping parts (201) is respectively positioned at the crossing position of each of the first virtual plane (300) and the second virtual plane (400) on the attaching unit (2); the other ends of the plurality of clamping parts (201) extend towards the central axis direction of the laminating unit (2).
5. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the distance between the adjacent second virtual planes (400) is equal to the distance between the adjacent first virtual planes (300).
6. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the plurality of signal transmitting units (3) and the plurality of signal receiving units (4) are equidistantly arranged at intervals relative to the central axis of the attaching unit (2).
7. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the signal processing unit (5) is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals received by the plurality of signal receiving units (4) and processing the signals, one or more signal transmitting units (3) and the signal receiving units (4) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at clamping parts (201) at two sides of the longitudinal center surface of the attaching unit (2), and the distances from the one or more correspondingly arranged signal transmitting units (3) and the correspondingly arranged signal receiving units (4) to the center axis of the attaching unit (2) are equal; sequentially triggering the signal transmitting units (3), and receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave signals by the signal receiving unit (4); the signal processing unit (5) estimates the volume of the geological defect in the sector area in front of the tunneling surface according to the detection depth, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and the double-pass time of the electromagnetic wave signal transmission.
8. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that each signal transmitting unit (3) is triggered in sequence, the signal receiving unit (4) receives reflected electromagnetic wave signals, the attaching unit (2) is slid to one end position of the caulking groove (100), one or more signal transmitting units (3) and the signal receiving unit (4) are sequentially started in the sequence that the distance from the horizontal center plane or the longitudinal center plane of the attaching unit (2) is from small to large, the signal transmitting units (3) arranged on each first virtual plane (300) on each non-longitudinal center plane are sequentially started, and the signal receiving units (4) arranged on each first virtual plane (300) on the non-longitudinal center plane receive the electromagnetic wave signals; then, according to the distance between each second virtual plane (400) and the horizontal center plane of the attaching unit (2), sequentially starting each signal transmitting unit (3) on each second virtual plane (400) of the non-horizontal center plane, and correspondingly receiving electromagnetic wave signals by the signal receiving units (4) on each second virtual plane (400) arranged on the non-horizontal center plane; then, the position of the attaching unit (2) in the caulking groove (100) is adjusted, and the process is repeated until the attaching unit (2) slides to one end position of the caulking groove (100); then the center frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of the signal transmitting unit (3) is adjusted, and the above-mentioned process is repeated.
9. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the signal processing unit (5) estimates the volume of the geological defect in the sector area in front of the tunneling surface according to the detection depth, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and the double-pass time of the electromagnetic wave signal transmission, and determines that when each signal transmitting unit (3) is started, the double-pass time of a signal receiving unit (4) symmetrically arranged with the current working signal transmitting unit (3) is correspondingly acquired, and the thickness of the geological defect is calculated according to the relative conductivity and the speed of the electromagnetic wave in a medium; fitting a section of the geological defect according to whether the time difference between the receiving time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signals obtained by the adjacent signal receiving units (4) on the first virtual plane (300) or the second virtual plane (400) in the measuring time window and the time difference when the signal transmitting unit (3) transmits the electromagnetic wave signals is abrupt; and obtaining the volume of the geological defect according to the section of the geological defect and the thickness of the geological defect.
10. A horizontal borehole multi-resolution geological radar system according to claim 9, characterized in that: the signal processing unit (5) also selects a direction with the smallest volume of the geological defect communicated with the tunneling surface of the current tunnel as a tunneling direction according to the acquired volume of the geological defect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310642790.2A CN116609840A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310642790.2A CN116609840A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116609840A true CN116609840A (en) | 2023-08-18 |
Family
ID=87677981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310642790.2A Pending CN116609840A (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116609840A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117456122A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-01-26 | 江西省地质博物馆 | Three-dimensional geological model generation method and system |
| CN117781964A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Concrete crack depth indicator tracking radar visual detection method |
-
2023
- 2023-06-01 CN CN202310642790.2A patent/CN116609840A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117781964A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Concrete crack depth indicator tracking radar visual detection method |
| CN117456122A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-01-26 | 江西省地质博物馆 | Three-dimensional geological model generation method and system |
| CN117456122B (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-03-08 | 江西省地质博物馆 | Three-dimensional geological model generation method and system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN116609840A (en) | Horizontal drilling multi-resolution geological radar system | |
| CA2727542C (en) | Multi-resolution borehole profiling | |
| US9411068B2 (en) | 3D borehole imager | |
| CN101251605B (en) | Method for forecasting advanced geology for tunnel construction | |
| US10585202B2 (en) | Acoustic sensing with azimuthally distributed transmitters and receivers | |
| US9933541B2 (en) | Determining resistivity anisotropy and formation structure for vertical wellbore sections | |
| CN103898931B (en) | A kind of base stake three-dimensional detection device based on boring radar and base stake 3 D detection method | |
| US8913462B2 (en) | Real-time reflection point density mapping during three-dimensional (3D) vertical seismic profile (VSP) surveys | |
| US8015868B2 (en) | Formation evaluation using estimated borehole tool position | |
| CN110988981B (en) | Phased array sound wave advanced prediction system and method suitable for drilling and blasting method tunnel | |
| CN103147747A (en) | Acoustic logging-while-drilling device and acoustic logging-while-drilling method | |
| NO335038B1 (en) | Similarity processing for an acoustic measurement-under-drilling system for imaging layer boundaries by recognizing signal similarities | |
| CN112558178B (en) | Comprehensive geological prediction method for shield tunneling machine | |
| CN112196520A (en) | Underground radar detection anti-collision short section, detection anti-collision system and detection anti-collision method | |
| CN113338921B (en) | Shale oil horizontal well track control method | |
| CN112099000B (en) | Method for detecting coal seam thickness information by using drilling radar multiple | |
| CN111441329B (en) | Method for predicting damage of highway pavement under influence of coal mining subsidence | |
| CN115929282A (en) | Logging system and method based on orientation while drilling gamma and ultrasonic imaging | |
| CN115726763A (en) | Ultrasonic imaging logging system and method for well wall stratum while drilling | |
| CN107907908B (en) | Method and device for three-dimensional exploration of minimum shock-distance elastic wave reflection by using drilling | |
| Kosecki et al. | High resolution seismic investigation in salt mining context | |
| CN117368993A (en) | Fracture prediction and coal seam roof water guide channel qualitative method based on five-dimensional seismic interpretation subsystem | |
| CN114111735A (en) | High-precision control measurement method for shield tunnel in scientific experiment | |
| Yu et al. | Backscattering Characteristics over a Wide Band of a Sand Bottom in the South Yellow Sea of China | |
| CN115826061A (en) | Comprehensive advanced geological prediction method for structural fracture in tunnel construction period |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |