CN116608888A - Optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and calibration method - Google Patents
Optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
- G01J2003/102—Plural sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The application relates to an on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device and a calibration method of an optical remote sensor, wherein the device comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a radiation outlet communicated with an inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity wall of the shell is spherical, and the inner cavity wall of the shell is provided with a diffuse reflection coating; the device also comprises a light source component which is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell; the device further comprises a diffuse transmission piece connected to the shell and covering the radiation outlet, wherein the diffuse transmission piece is used for forming a surface source blackbody radiation source according to heat radiation generated by the light source assembly. The on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment for the optical remote sensor is suitable for on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band and the infrared wave band, can reduce the on-orbit calibration cost of the external field of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band and the infrared wave band, improves the on-orbit calibration frequency and improves the on-orbit radiation calibration precision.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of remote sensing, in particular to an on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device and a calibration method of an optical remote sensor.
Background
The optical remote sensor has important application significance in the fields of mapping and drawing, urban planning and the like, and the biophysical parameters of an observation target and various remote sensing data products are directly related to the radiation response of the optical remote sensor, so that the accuracy of absolute radiation calibration during the operation of the optical remote sensor directly influences the application breadth and depth of the remote sensing data.
During the on-orbit operation of the optical remote sensor, a large-area uniform field or an artificial target is used as a scene, and the absolute radiation calibration under the working state of the optical remote sensor can be realized by combining the ground spectral reflectivity/emissivity, emergent radiance and atmospheric optical parameter measurement with a field replacement calibration mode calculated by radiation transmission, so that the optical remote sensor is one of important on-orbit radiation calibration modes.
For the optical remote sensor of the visible light wave band, the Gobi desert is usually selected as a large-area uniform field, and for the optical remote sensor of the infrared wave band, the high-altitude dry clean large-area water body is usually selected as a uniform field for replacing calibration. Along with the continuous improvement of the spatial resolution of the optical remote sensor, the scaling reference body of the external field based on the artificial target becomes possible, however, along with the continuous improvement of the multi-star networking and the time resolution, the conventional on-orbit scaling technology based on the large-area uniform field is difficult to meet the scaling requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide an on-orbit radiation calibration reference device and calibration method for an optical remote sensor, aiming at the problem that the conventional on-orbit calibration technology based on a large-area uniform field is difficult to meet the calibration requirement.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference device, comprising:
The shell is provided with a radiation outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity wall of the shell is spherical, and the inner cavity wall is provided with a diffuse reflection coating;
the light source assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell; and
the diffuse transmission piece is connected to the shell and covers the radiation exit, and the diffuse transmission piece is used for forming a surface source blackbody radiation source according to heat radiation generated by the light source assembly.
In one embodiment, the light source assembly includes a first light source and a second light source, the first light source having a wavelength range that covers a wavelength range of the second light source.
In one embodiment, the wavelength range of the second light source covers a wavelength band of 350 nm to 500 nm.
In one embodiment, the light source assembly further comprises a controller electrically connected to the first light source and the second light source for controlling the power of the first light source and the second light source.
In one embodiment, the first light source is a halogen lamp light source and the second light source is an LED light source.
In one embodiment, the optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference apparatus further comprises a thermal shield disposed around an outer edge of the diffuse transmission member.
In one embodiment, the diffuse transmission member is removably coupled to the thermal shield.
In one embodiment, the length of the radiation exit surface formed by the diffuse transmission member is not less than 10 times of the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, and the width of the radiation exit surface is not less than 10 times of the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels.
In one embodiment, the diffuse reflection coating is any one or more of a barium sulfate coating, a polytetrafluoroethylene coating and a mixed coating of barium sulfate and polytetrafluoroethylene.
The on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor is an active radiation light source, and the inner cavity wall of the shell is spherical, and the diffuse reflection coating is arranged on the inner cavity wall, so that the light generated by the light source component in the inner cavity of the shell is reflected for multiple times by the diffuse reflection coating to form uniform illuminance, and the emergent radiation brightness at the radiation emergent port is basically unchanged along with the observation angle, and the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor can be applied to on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band. Meanwhile, in the infrared band, the heat radiation generated by the light source component can form a surface source blackbody radiation source on the surface of the diffuse transmission piece, so that a calibration reference can be provided for an optical remote sensor in the infrared band. The on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment for the optical remote sensor can be simultaneously suitable for on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band and the infrared wave band, reduces the on-orbit calibration cost of the external field of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band and the infrared wave band, can improve the on-orbit calibration frequency of the optical remote sensor, simultaneously reduces the on-orbit radiation calibration uncertainty introduced by atmospheric aerosol model assumption, solar radiation and earth surface reflectivity measurement, and improves the on-orbit radiation calibration precision of the optical remote sensor.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an on-orbit radiation calibration method for an optical remote sensor, which is applied to an optical remote sensor in a visible light band, and includes the following steps:
acquiring the radiance of the target water body and the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band, and the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters when the optical remote sensor is overturned; the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and the target water body are distributed along the running track direction of the optical remote sensor, and the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment is the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the first aspect;
performing radiation transmission calculation according to the aerosol parameters and the atmospheric profile parameters, and determining the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor in the direction; and
and acquiring image data of the optical remote sensor, and determining a gain calibration coefficient and an offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in a visible light band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band.
In one embodiment, the image data includes a statistical average of image gray values of each channel to be scaled by the optical remote sensor; the step of determining the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the visible light wave band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band is carried out according to the following expression:
wherein, spectral radiance for the optical remote sensor entrance pupil; />Atmospheric radiation is in the visible light band, and 0 is at night; />Atmospheric transmittance in the direction of the ground remote sensor; />Calibrating the radiance of the reference body equipment or the target water body in a visible light wave band for the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Equivalent radiance of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A relative spectral response function of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A statistical average of the channel image gray values; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Channel gain scaling factor, ">For the optical remote sensor +. >The channel biases the scaling factor.
In one embodiment, the length of the target water body is not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, the width of the target water body is not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, and the depth of the target water body is not less than 3 meters.
The on-orbit radiation calibration method for the optical remote sensor, which is shown in the second aspect, can realize the on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band, can simultaneously obtain the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor, has simple calibration field setting, can improve the off-orbit calibration efficiency, saves the off-orbit calibration cost, has good uniformity of on-orbit radiation calibration reference equipment for the optical remote sensor, has lambertian characteristics, can reduce the influence of atmospheric path radiation and ground gas coupling radiation by selecting the on-orbit calibration at night, and improves the on-orbit radiation calibration precision of the optical remote sensor.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an on-orbit radiation calibration method for an optical remote sensor, which is applied to an optical remote sensor in an infrared band, and includes the following steps:
acquiring the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band when the optical remote sensor is overturned, the radiance of the optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the infrared band, and the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters; the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and the target water body are distributed along the running track direction of the optical remote sensor, and the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment is the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the first aspect;
Performing radiation transmission calculation according to the atmospheric profile parameters, and determining path heat radiation;
performing radiation transmission calculation according to the aerosol parameters and the atmospheric profile parameters to determine the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor in the direction; and
and acquiring image data of the optical remote sensor, and determining a gain calibration coefficient and a bias calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the path thermal radiation, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band.
In one embodiment, the image data includes a statistical average of image gray values of each channel to be scaled by the optical remote sensor; the step of determining the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the path thermal radiation, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band is carried out according to the following expression:
Wherein, spectral radiance for the optical remote sensor entrance pupil; />The infrared band is the path heat radiation; />Atmospheric transmittance in the direction of the ground remote sensor; />Calibrating the radiance of a reference body device or the target water body in an infrared band for the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Equivalent radiance of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A relative spectral response function of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A statistical average of the channel image gray values; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Channel gain scaling factor, ">For the optical remote sensor +.>The channel biases the scaling factor.
The on-orbit radiation calibration method of the optical remote sensor shown in the third aspect can realize the on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band, can obtain the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor at the same time, has simple calibration field setting, can improve the off-orbit calibration efficiency, saves the off-orbit calibration cost, has good uniformity of on-orbit radiation calibration reference equipment of the optical remote sensor, has lambertian characteristics, ensures that the difference between the radiation temperature of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference equipment of the optical remote sensor and a target water body can reach more than 20K, and improves the on-orbit radiation calibration precision of the optical remote sensor.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the method of the second or third aspect above when the computer program is executed by the processor.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method of the second or third aspect described above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-orbit radiation calibration reference device for an optical remote sensor in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an on-orbit radiation calibration reference device for an optical remote sensor according to another embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an in-orbit radiation calibration method of an optical remote sensor in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic layout diagram of an in-orbit radiation calibration reference device and a target water body of an optical remote sensor in one implementation;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an on-orbit radiation calibration method for an optical remote sensor according to another embodiment;
fig. 6 is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if any, these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are used herein with respect to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-orbit radiation calibration reference device for an optical remote sensor according to an embodiment of the present application, where the on-orbit radiation calibration reference device for an optical remote sensor includes a housing 10, a light source assembly 20 and a diffuse transmission member 30. The housing 10 has a radiation outlet 101 communicating with the inner cavity thereof, the inner cavity wall of the housing 10 is spherical, and the inner cavity wall is provided with a diffuse reflection coating. The light source assembly 20 is disposed in the cavity of the housing 10. The diffuse transmission member 30 is connected to the housing 10 and covers the radiation exit port 101, and the diffuse transmission member 30 is used for forming a surface source blackbody radiation source according to the heat radiation generated by the light source assembly 20.
The calibration reference body device in this embodiment is an active radiation light source, and since the inner cavity wall of the housing 10 is spherical, and the diffuse reflection coating is disposed on the inner cavity wall, the light generated by the light source assembly 20 in the inner cavity of the housing 10 is reflected by the diffuse reflection coating for multiple times to form uniform illuminance, so that the emergent radiance at the radiation emergent port 101 is basically unchanged along with the observation angle, and the calibration reference can be applied to the on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band, and provides calibration reference for the optical remote sensor in the visible light band. Meanwhile, in the infrared band, the heat radiation generated by the light source assembly 20 can form a surface source blackbody radiation source on the surface of the diffuse transmission member 30, so that a calibration reference can be provided for an optical remote sensor in the infrared band. The on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the embodiment can be simultaneously suitable for on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band and the infrared band, has universality, reduces the on-orbit calibration cost of the external field of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band and the infrared band, improves the on-orbit calibration frequency of the optical remote sensor, reduces the on-orbit radiation calibration uncertainty introduced by atmospheric aerosol model assumption, solar radiation and earth surface reflectivity measurement, and improves the on-orbit radiation calibration precision of the optical remote sensor.
In one embodiment, the light source assembly 20 includes a first light source and a second light source, the wavelength range of the first light source covering the wavelength range of the second light source, so that the second light source may enhance the radiance of a portion of the wavelength band of the first light source.
In one embodiment, the wavelength range of the second light source covers a wavelength band of 350 nm to 500 nm for enhancing the radiance of the first light source in the wavelength band of 350 nm to 500 nm.
The wavelength range from 350 nm to 500 nm belongs to the short-wave part in the visible light, in this embodiment, the wavelength range of the first light source is larger than that of the second light source, including a wider wavelength range, for example, the wavelength range may include from 350 nm to 2500 nm, and the second light source enhances the short-wave part in the visible light, so that, for example, when the optical remote sensor provided by this embodiment is used at night to perform external field calibration, the solar irradiation condition in the daytime is more easily simulated, and the calibration result is more accurate.
In one embodiment, the light source assembly 20 further includes a controller electrically connected to the first light source and the second light source for controlling the power of the first light source and the second light source to achieve the adjustment of the radiance.
In one embodiment, the first light source may be a halogen lamp light source, such as a quartz halogen lamp; the second light source may be an LED light source.
In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, the optical remote sensor in-orbit radiometric calibration reference apparatus further comprises an insulation 40, the insulation 40 being disposed around the outer edge of the diffuse transmission member 30. The heat insulating member 40 can avoid the influence of the field severe environment on the heat radiation of the diffuse transmission member 30, so that the diffuse transmission member can form a surface source blackbody radiation source more stably.
In one embodiment, the diffuse transmission member 30 is removably coupled to the insulating member 40 for ease of installation.
In one embodiment, the length of the radiation exit surface formed by the diffuse transmission member is not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, and the width of the radiation exit surface is not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels.
In one embodiment, the diffuse reflection coating arranged on the inner cavity wall of the shell 10 is any one or more of a barium sulfate coating, a polytetrafluoroethylene coating and a mixed coating of barium sulfate and polytetrafluoroethylene.
In one embodiment, the housing 10 is metallic and is capable of withstanding harsh field environments. In one embodiment the housing 10 is cast iron, cast aluminum or stainless steel.
In one embodiment, diffuse transmission member 30 uses the principle of meter scattering, and bi-directional transmission distribution function BTDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function) within ±10° of the exit normal varies little and has a non-uniformity of less than 2%.
Based on the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor, the application also provides an on-orbit radiation calibration method of the optical remote sensor, which can be applied to the optical remote sensor of a visible light wave band. As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the method for calibrating the in-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor comprises the following steps:
step S310, obtaining the radiance of the target water body and the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band, as well as the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters when the optical remote sensor is overturned.
Wherein, the over-roof refers to that the optical remote sensor flies over the upper part of the calibration field. The target water body is a dry water body meeting the on-orbit radiation calibration requirement of the optical remote sensor. Based on the above description of the embodiment of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor, the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor can generate visible light with good uniformity and lambertian, so that the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor can be suitable for on-orbit radiation calibration of the light source remote sensor in a visible light band. When the calibration field is erected, the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor can be arranged in an area with wide periphery, flatness and no lamplight pollution, and the condition that the target water body exists in the action range of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor is ensured. Meanwhile, referring to fig. 4, the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor and the target water body are distributed along the running track direction of the optical remote sensor, so that the optical remote sensor can effectively detect the target water body and the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, where 1 pixel corresponds to 1 time of the optical remote sensor pixel resolution distance, to ensure the calibration effect, the length of the target water body is not less than 10 times of the optical remote sensor pixel resolution distance, the width of the target water body is not less than 10 times of the optical remote sensor pixel resolution distance, and the depth of the target water body is not less than 3 meters.
In one embodiment, still referring to FIG. 4, the spacing between the target body of water and the optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference device is greater than 10 times the optical remote sensor pixel resolution distance, but must not be greater than 5 kilometers.
In one embodiment, the calibration field is provided with a visible light spectrum radiometer, the visible light spectrum radiometer is subjected to responsivity calibration, and when the optical remote sensor is overturned, the visible light spectrum radiometer can accurately measure the radiance of the target water body in the visible light wave band and the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the visible light wave band.
In one embodiment, since the reflectivity of the water body is close to 0, the emergent radiance of the target water body in the visible light wave band is close to 0, so that the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference device in the visible light wave band can be measured by using the visible light spectrum radiometer, and the radiance of the target water body in the visible light wave band can be regarded as 0 without measurement.
In one embodiment, both the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters may be tested by a test instrument. In one embodiment, the atmospheric profile parameters include atmospheric temperature profile data, humidity profile data, water vapor profile data, and pressure profile data.
The main execution of the method of the present embodiment will be described below.
The main execution body of the on-orbit radiation calibration method for the optical remote sensor provided by the embodiment is an electronic device, such as a personal computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a tablet personal computer, an internet of things device, a portable wearable device and the like, and the internet of things device can be an intelligent sound box, an intelligent television, an intelligent air conditioner, an intelligent vehicle-mounted device and the like. The portable wearable device may be a smart watch, smart bracelet, headset, or the like. In one embodiment, the electronic apparatus may be any computer device.
It should be noted that the description of the execution body in this embodiment is an optional example, and is not limited as long as the method shown in this example can be executed.
Step S320, performing radiation transmission calculation according to the aerosol parameters and the atmospheric profile parameters to determine the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor in the direction.
The atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, namely the atmospheric transmittance between the ground and the optical remote sensor, can be calculated by carrying out radiation transmission based on aerosol parameters and atmospheric profile parameters.
Step S330, obtaining image data of the optical remote sensor, and determining a gain calibration coefficient and a bias calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor, the radiance of the target water body and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference device of the optical remote sensor.
The optical remote sensor receives and responds to the target water body and the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor to calibrate the radiance of the reference body equipment in the visible light wave band, and corresponding image data are generated. Therefore, the image data has a relation with the spectral radiance of the optical remote sensor entrance pupil, and the spectral radiance of the optical remote sensor entrance pupil can be reversely deduced after the correction of the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor.
For an optical remote sensor in the visible light band, the spectral radiance of the entrance pupil includes atmospheric path radiation and radiance from the observation target, wherein the radiance emitted by the observation target is transmitted to the optical remote sensor through the atmosphere between the ground and the optical remote sensor, and for the atmospheric path radiation, the atmospheric path radiation can be considered as 0 as tested at night.
According to the analysis, after the radiance of the target water body in the visible light wave band, the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the visible light wave band, the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor direction and the image data of the optical remote sensor are determined, the gain calibration coefficient and the bias calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor can be solved.
In one embodiment, the image data of the optical remote sensor includes a statistical average of the image gray values of each channel to be scaled by the optical remote sensor. In one embodiment, the gain scaling factor and the bias scaling factor of the optical remote sensor may be solved according to an expression of the spectral radiance of the optical remote sensor's entrance pupil and a scaling equation of the optical remote sensor.
In one embodiment, the process of determining the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the visible light band, and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band can be processed according to the following expression:
the above formula (1) is a spectral radiance expression of an optical remote sensor entrance pupil, and the above formula (2) is a calibration equation of the optical remote sensor. Wherein, spectral radiance for an optical remote sensor entrance pupil; />Atmospheric radiation is in the visible light band, and 0 is at night; />Atmospheric transmittance in the direction of the ground remote sensor; />Calibrating the radiance of the reference body equipment or the target water body in a visible light wave band for the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor; / >For the optical remote sensor +.>Equivalent radiance of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A relative spectral response function of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A statistical average of the channel image gray values; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Channel gain scaling factor, ">For the optical remote sensor +.>The channel biases the scaling factor.
In one embodiment, the length of the target water body is not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, the width of the target water body is not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, and the depth of the target water body is not less than 3 meters.
The method can achieve on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band, gain calibration coefficients and offset calibration coefficients of the optical remote sensor can be obtained simultaneously, the calibration field is simple to set, the off-orbit calibration efficiency can be improved, the off-orbit calibration cost is saved, meanwhile, on-orbit radiation calibration reference equipment of the optical remote sensor is good in uniformity, the on-orbit radiation calibration reference equipment has a lambertian characteristic, the influence of atmospheric path radiation and ground gas coupling radiation can be reduced through selective calibration at night, and the on-orbit radiation calibration precision of the optical remote sensor is improved.
Based on the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment, the application also provides an optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration method which can be applied to optical remote sensors in infrared wave bands. As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the method for calibrating the in-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor comprises the following steps:
step S510, obtaining the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band when the optical remote sensor is overtopped, the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the infrared band, and the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters.
Based on the description of the embodiment of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor, the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor can be regarded as a high-temperature radiation source because the surface source blackbody radiation source is formed by the thermal radiation energy of the light source component, and the water body is a low-temperature radiation source, and the temperature difference of the two radiation sources can reach 20k, so that the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body device of the optical remote sensor can be suitable for on-orbit radiation calibration of the external field of the light source remote sensor in the infrared band. The descriptions of the over-ceiling, the target water body, the atmospheric profile parameters, the aerosol parameters, and the descriptions of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and the layout mode of the target water body of the optical remote sensor can refer to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
In one embodiment, the calibration field is provided with an infrared spectrum radiometer, the infrared spectrum radiometer is subjected to responsivity calibration, and when the optical remote sensor is overturned, the infrared spectrum radiometer can accurately measure the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band and the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the infrared band.
In one embodiment, both the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters may be tested by a test instrument.
In one embodiment, the atmospheric profile parameters include atmospheric temperature profile data, humidity profile data, water vapor profile data, and pressure profile data.
The main execution of the method of the present embodiment will be described below.
The main execution body of the on-orbit radiation calibration method for the optical remote sensor provided by the embodiment is an electronic device, such as a personal computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a tablet personal computer, an internet of things device, a portable wearable device and the like, and the internet of things device can be an intelligent sound box, an intelligent television, an intelligent air conditioner, an intelligent vehicle-mounted device and the like. The portable wearable device may be a smart watch, smart bracelet, headset, or the like. In one embodiment, the electronic apparatus may be any computer device. It should be noted that the description of the execution body in this embodiment is an optional example, and is not limited as long as the method shown in this example can be executed.
Step S520, performing radiation transmission calculation according to the atmospheric profile parameters to determine the path thermal radiation.
For an optical remote sensor of an infrared band, the spectral radiance of the entrance pupil of the optical remote sensor comprises path thermal radiation and radiance from an observation target, wherein the radiance emitted by the observation target is transmitted to the optical remote sensor through the atmosphere between the ground and the optical remote sensor, and the path thermal radiation can be obtained by performing radiation transmission calculation by utilizing atmospheric profile parameters.
Step S530, performing radiation transmission calculation according to the aerosol parameters and the atmospheric profile parameters to determine the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor in the direction.
The atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, namely the atmospheric transmittance between the ground and the optical remote sensor, can be calculated by carrying out radiation transmission based on aerosol parameters and atmospheric profile parameters.
Step S540, obtaining image data of the optical remote sensor, and determining a gain calibration coefficient and a bias calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, path thermal radiation, atmospheric transmittance in the direction of the ground remote sensor, the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band.
The optical remote sensor receives and responds to the radiation brightness of the target water body and the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band, and corresponding image data are generated. Therefore, the image data has a relation with the spectral radiance of the optical remote sensor entrance pupil, and the spectral radiance of the optical remote sensor entrance pupil can be reversely deduced after the correction of the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor. For an optical remote sensor in the infrared band, the spectral radiance of its entrance pupil includes path thermal radiation and radiance from the observation target. Comprehensive analysis shows that after the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band, the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the infrared band, the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor direction, the path thermal radiation and the image data of the optical remote sensor are determined, the gain calibration coefficient and the bias calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor can be solved.
In one embodiment, the image data of the optical remote sensor includes a statistical average of the image gray values of each channel to be scaled by the optical remote sensor.
In one embodiment, the gain scaling factor and the bias scaling factor of the optical remote sensor may be solved according to an expression of the spectral radiance of the optical remote sensor's entrance pupil and a scaling equation of the optical remote sensor.
In one embodiment, the process of determining the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the path thermal radiation, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band, and the radiance of the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference device in the infrared band can be processed according to the following expression:
the above formula (1) is a spectral radiance expression of an optical remote sensor entrance pupil, and the above formula (2) is a calibration equation of the optical remote sensor. Wherein, spectral radiance for an optical remote sensor entrance pupil; />The infrared band is the path heat radiation; />Atmospheric transmittance in the direction of the ground remote sensor; />Calibrating the radiance of the reference body equipment or the target water body in the infrared band for the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor; />Optical remote sensor->Equivalent of channelsRadiance; />Optical remote sensor->A relative spectral response function of the channel; />Optical remote sensor->A statistical average of the channel image gray values; />Optical remote sensor->Channel gain scaling factor, ">Optical remote sensor->The channel biases the scaling factor.
The method can achieve on-orbit radiation calibration of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band, gain calibration coefficients and offset calibration coefficients of the optical remote sensor can be obtained at the same time, the calibration field is simple to set, the off-orbit calibration efficiency can be improved, the off-orbit calibration cost is saved, meanwhile, the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor is good in uniformity, the method has a lambertian characteristic, the difference between the radiation temperature of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor and a target water body can reach more than 20K, and the on-orbit radiation calibration precision of the optical remote sensor is improved.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above are sequentially shown as indicated by arrows, these steps are not necessarily sequentially performed in the order indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts described in the above embodiments may include a plurality of steps or a plurality of stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of the steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least some of the other steps or stages.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and the internal structure of which may be as shown in fig. 6. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input/output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input means. The processor, the memory and the input/output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit and the input device are connected to the system bus through the input/output interface. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The input/output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and the external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used for carrying out wired or wireless communication with an external terminal, and the wireless mode can be realized through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement an optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration method. The display unit of the computer device is used for forming a visual picture, and can be a display screen, a projection device or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, can also be a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, and can also be an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 6 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting of the computer device to which the present inventive arrangements may be applied, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the above-described optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration method embodiment when the computer program is executed.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration method embodiment.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical Memory, high density embedded nonvolatile Memory, resistive random access Memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access Memory (MagnetoresistiveRandom Access Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric Memory (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory, FRAM), phase change Memory (PhaseChange Memory, PCM), graphene Memory, and the like. Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, and the like. By way of illustration, and not limitation, RAM can be in the form of a variety of forms, such as static random access memory (StaticRandom Access Memory, SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), and the like. The databases referred to in the embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include, but is not limited to, a blockchain-based distributed database, and the like. The processor referred to in the embodiments provided in the present application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic unit, a data processing logic unit based on quantum computing, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. An optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference device, comprising:
the shell is provided with a radiation outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity wall of the shell is spherical, and the inner cavity wall is provided with a diffuse reflection coating;
the light source assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell; and
the diffuse transmission piece is connected to the shell and covers the radiation exit, and the diffuse transmission piece is used for forming a surface source blackbody radiation source according to heat radiation generated by the light source assembly.
2. The optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to claim 1, wherein the light source assembly comprises a first light source and a second light source, the first light source having a wavelength range that covers the second light source.
3. The optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to claim 2, wherein the wavelength range of the second light source covers a wavelength band of 350 nm to 500 nm.
4. An optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the light source assembly further comprises a controller electrically connected to the first and second light sources for controlling the power of the first and second light sources.
5. An optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first light source is a halogen light source and the second light source is an LED light source.
6. The optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to claim 1, further comprising a thermal shield disposed around an outer edge of the diffuse transmission member.
7. The optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to claim 6, wherein the diffuse transmission member is detachably connected to the heat shield.
8. The in-orbit radiation calibration reference device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, wherein the diffuse transmission member forms a radiation exit surface with a length not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, and a width not less than 10 times the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels.
9. The optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, wherein the diffuse reflection coating is any one or more of barium sulfate coating, polytetrafluoroethylene coating, and mixed coating of barium sulfate and polytetrafluoroethylene.
10. The on-orbit radiation calibration method for the optical remote sensor is characterized by being applied to the optical remote sensor in a visible light band, and comprises the following steps of:
acquiring the radiance of the target water body and the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band, and the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters when the optical remote sensor is overturned; the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and the target water body are distributed along the running track direction of the optical remote sensor, and the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment is the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment according to any one of claims 1-9;
Performing radiation transmission calculation according to the aerosol parameters and the atmospheric profile parameters, and determining the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor in the direction; and
and acquiring image data of the optical remote sensor, and determining a gain calibration coefficient and an offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in a visible light band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light band.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the image data comprises a statistical average of image gray values of each channel to be calibrated by the optical remote sensor; the step of determining the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the visible light wave band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the visible light wave band is carried out according to the following expression:
wherein, spectral radiance for the optical remote sensor entrance pupil; / >Atmospheric radiation is in the visible light band, and 0 is at night; />Atmospheric transmittance in the direction of the ground remote sensor; />Calibrating the radiance of the reference body equipment or the target water body in a visible light wave band for the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Equivalent radiance of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A relative spectral response function of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A statistical average of the channel image gray values; />For the optical remote sensor +.>The channel gain scaling factor is used to scale the channel gain,for the optical remote sensor +.>The channel biases the scaling factor.
12. The method for calibrating on-orbit radiation of an optical remote sensor according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: the length of the target water body is not smaller than 10 times of the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, the width of the target water body is not smaller than 10 times of the resolution distance of the optical remote sensor pixels, and the depth of the target water body is not smaller than 3 meters.
13. The on-orbit radiation calibration method for the optical remote sensor is characterized by being applied to the optical remote sensor in an infrared band, and comprises the following steps of:
acquiring the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band when the optical remote sensor is overturned, the radiance of the optical remote sensor in-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment in the infrared band, and the atmospheric profile parameters and the aerosol parameters; the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment and the target water body are distributed along the running track direction of the optical remote sensor, and the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment is the optical remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment according to any one of claims 1-9;
Performing radiation transmission calculation according to the atmospheric profile parameters, and determining path heat radiation;
performing radiation transmission calculation according to the aerosol parameters and the atmospheric profile parameters, and determining the atmospheric transmittance of the ground remote sensor in the direction; and
and acquiring image data of the optical remote sensor, and determining a gain calibration coefficient and a bias calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the path thermal radiation, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the image data comprises a statistical average of image gray values of each channel to be calibrated by the optical remote sensor; the step of determining the gain calibration coefficient and the offset calibration coefficient of the optical remote sensor according to the image data, the path thermal radiation, the atmospheric transmittance in the ground remote sensor direction, the radiance of the target water body in the infrared band and the radiance of the on-orbit radiation calibration reference body equipment of the optical remote sensor in the infrared band is carried out according to the following expression:
Wherein, spectral radiance for the optical remote sensor entrance pupil; />The infrared band is the path heat radiation;atmospheric permeability for ground remote sensor directionThe overrate; />Calibrating the radiance of a reference body device or the target water body in an infrared band for the on-orbit radiation of the optical remote sensor; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Equivalent radiance of the channel;for the optical remote sensor +.>A relative spectral response function of the channel; />For the optical remote sensor +.>A statistical average of the channel image gray values; />For the optical remote sensor +.>Channel gain scaling factor, ">For the optical remote sensor +.>The channel biases the scaling factor.
15. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 10 to 14 when the computer program is executed.
16. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 10 to 14.
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