CN116606419A - 一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体 - Google Patents

一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体 Download PDF

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CN116606419A
CN116606419A CN202310383821.7A CN202310383821A CN116606419A CN 116606419 A CN116606419 A CN 116606419A CN 202310383821 A CN202310383821 A CN 202310383821A CN 116606419 A CN116606419 A CN 116606419A
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CN116606419B (zh
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朱世安
刘欢
石新月
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Guangdong Haomei Technology Innovation Research Institute Co ltd
GUANGDONG HAOMEI ALUMINIUM CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体,按重量份包括以下制备原料:二异氰酸酯32份‑38份、多元醇26份‑32份、催化剂1份‑2份、发泡剂4份‑8份、溶剂18份‑22份、填料混合物6份‑10份;填料混合物的添加增强填充芯体的发泡效果,填料混合物内发泡点较多,发泡效果更好,通过填料混合物的混合发泡下形成的填充芯体,其受力传递效果更广,增强吸能效果,能够吸收猛烈碰撞带来的冲击力。

Description

一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯发泡材料领域,具体而言,涉及一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体。
背景技术
现有技术中,吸能盒装配于保险杠处,用于吸收事故发生时产生的碰撞能量,吸能盒利用其自身的形变以吸收碰撞时所产生的能量,从而避免车辆以及人员的伤害,在实际应用过程中,单一的吸能盒往往不能满足吸收碰撞能量的需求,多通过吸能盒内部添加吸能材料进行增强吸能盒的整体吸能效果,而现有生产工艺中采用添加泡沫铝的方式进行增强吸能盒的吸能效果,而泡沫铝从生产到装配至吸能盒的工艺过程较为繁琐,同时泡沫铝依靠内部存在较多空隙从而吸收能量,但泡沫铝在应对碰撞过程中被挤压的泡沫铝形变后吸能效果欠佳,从而影响后续整体的吸能效果。
综上所述,经过申请人的海量检索,本领域至少存在吸能盒内部吸能材料吸能效果差,不能较好应对碰撞的技术问题,因此,需要开发或者改进一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体。
发明内容
基于此,为了解决吸能盒内部吸能材料吸能效果差,不能较好应对碰撞的问题,本发明提供了一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体,具体技术方案如下:
一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体,按重量份包括以下制备原料:二异氰酸酯32份-38份、多元醇26份-32份、催化剂1份-2份、发泡剂4份-8份、溶剂18份-22份、填料混合物6份-10份。
进一步地,所述二异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或两种混合。
进一步地,所述多元醇包括乙二醇、乙二胺聚醚四醇中的一种或两种混合。
进一步地,所述催化剂包括N-甲基二环己基胺、二甲基环己胺中的一种或两种混合。
进一步地,所述发泡剂包括二氯甲烷、氮二甲酰胺中的一种或两种混合。
进一步地,所述溶剂包括乙二醇单甲醚、二甘醇单乙醚中的一种或两种混合。
进一步地,所述填料混合物包括以下制备原料:炭黑、二氧化钛、滑石粉、偶联剂、乙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、水。
进一步地,所述炭黑通过酸洗而得。
进一步地,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
进一步地,所述填料混合物按重量份包括以下制备原料:炭黑3份-5份、二氧化钛15份-20份、滑石粉16份-22份、偶联剂2份-4份、乙醇15份-22份、乙二醇单丁醚34份-38份、水4份-7份。
上述技术方案中,通过二异氰酸酯32份-38份、多元醇26份-32份、催化剂1份-2份、发泡剂4份-8份、溶剂18份-22份、填料混合物6份-10份进行制备填充芯体;填料混合物的添加增强填充芯体的发泡效果,填料混合物内发泡点较多,发泡效果更好,通过填料混合物的混合发泡下形成的填充芯体,其受力传递效果更广,增强吸能效果。
具体实施方式
为了使得本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合其实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用以解释本发明,并不限定本发明的保护范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本发明一实施例中的一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体,按重量份包括以下制备原料:二异氰酸酯32份-38份、多元醇26份-32份、催化剂1份-2份、发泡剂4份-8份、溶剂18份-22份、填料混合物6份-10份。
在其中一个实施例中,所述二异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或两种混合。
在其中一个实施例中,所述多元醇包括乙二醇、乙二胺聚醚四醇中的一种或两种混合。
在其中一个实施例中,所述催化剂包括N-甲基二环己基胺、二甲基环己胺中的一种或两种混合。
在其中一个实施例中,所述发泡剂包括二氯甲烷、氮二甲酰胺中的一种或两种混合。
在其中一个实施例中,所述溶剂包括乙二醇单甲醚、二甘醇单乙醚中的一种或两种混合。
在其中一个实施例中,所述填料混合物包括以下制备原料:炭黑、二氧化钛、滑石粉、偶联剂、乙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、水。
在其中一个实施例中,所述炭黑通过酸洗而得。
在其中一个实施例中,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
在其中一个实施例中,所述填料混合物按重量份包括以下制备原料:炭黑3份-5份、二氧化钛15份-20份、滑石粉16份-22份、偶联剂2份-4份、乙醇15份-22份、乙二醇单丁醚34份-38份、水4份-7份。
在其中一个实施例中,所述填料混合物按重量份包括以下制备原料:炭黑4份、二氧化钛17份、滑石粉18份、偶联剂3份、乙醇18份、乙二醇单丁醚36份、水5份。
在其中一个实施例中,所述乙二醇、乙二胺聚醚四醇按重量份3:1混合,其中乙二胺聚醚四醇(羟值460-480(mgKOH/g),粘度4500-5500(25℃)/mPa·s,色度≤100;天津石化)
在其中一个实施例中,其中炭黑的酸洗步骤为,800rpm转速下进行搅拌分散炭黑与2mol/L HCl形成的混合物,其中炭黑的添加量为每20mlHCl加入3g炭黑,分散时长为1.5h,分散完毕进行过滤,过滤后使用蒸馏水清洗至滤液为PH=6-7,清洗完毕对炭黑进行烘干备用,得到酸洗后的炭黑。
在其中一个实施例中,所述填料混合物由以下步骤制备而成,60℃条件下搅拌混合乙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、偶联剂、水,搅拌时长35min,加入炭黑、二氧化钛、滑石粉并在45℃条件下持续搅拌8h,出料备用,得到填料混合物;
通过酸洗炭黑,使炭黑表面表层结构更粗糙,炭黑之间的间隙更大,结构更疏松,提供更大的比表面积,为后续硅烷化处理提供更多的处理点;
使用偶联剂进行处理二氧化钛、滑石粉以及酸洗后的炭黑,使二氧化钛、滑石粉或酸洗后的炭黑分别进行改性,使其表面接入可与二异氰酸酯反应的氨基基团,提高填料分散性的同时增强发泡效果,由于填料内部分散有水份,发泡点更多,发泡效果更好;硅烷处理后的填料混合物形成聚氨酯-填料-聚氨酯的网状结构,受力传递效果更广,增强吸能效果,
上述技术方案中,通过二异氰酸酯32份-38份、多元醇26份-32份、催化剂1份-2份、发泡剂4份-8份、溶剂18份-22份、填料混合物6份-10份进行制备填充芯体;填料混合物的添加增强填充芯体的发泡效果,填料混合物内发泡点较多,发泡效果更好,通过填料混合物的混合发泡下形成的填充芯体,其受力传递效果更广,增强吸能效果。
下面将结合具体实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述。
实施例1-4与对比例1的区别在于原料的添加量不同,具体如下表1所示;
表1:
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 对比例1
二异氰酸酯 35 32 36 38 35
多元醇 29 32 30 26 29
催化剂 2 1 2 2 2
发泡剂 6 8 4 5 6
溶剂 20 20 19 22 28
填料混合物 8 6 10 7 0
所述二异氰酸酯具体为甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯以质量比为3:1进行混合而成;所述多元醇为乙二醇、乙二胺聚醚四醇按重量份3:1混合;所述催化剂为N-甲基二环己基胺;所述发泡剂为二氯甲烷、氮二甲酰胺按重量比5:1混合而成;所述溶剂为乙二醇单甲醚。
用于吸能盒的填充芯体由以下步骤制备而成:
炭黑的酸洗,800rpm转速下进行搅拌分散炭黑与2mol/L HCl形成的混合物,其中炭黑的添加量为每20mlHCl加入3g炭黑,分散时长为1.5h,分散完毕进行过滤,过滤后使用蒸馏水清洗至滤液为PH=6-7,清洗完毕对炭黑进行烘干备用,得到酸洗后的炭黑。
填料混合物制备,60℃条件下按重量份算搅拌混合18份乙醇、36份乙二醇单丁醚、3份偶联剂、5份水,搅拌时长35min,加入4份上述酸洗后的炭黑、17份二氧化钛、18份滑石粉并在45℃条件下持续搅拌8h,出料备用,得到填料混合物;
发泡材料制备,对多元醇、催化剂、发泡剂、溶剂、填料混合物搅拌混合,搅拌混合时长为5min,搅拌混合完毕加入二异氰酸酯进行混合发泡,混合发泡后出料至吸能盒中进行熟化24h,其中熟化温度为45℃。
所述吸能盒包括吸能盒本体、设置于吸能盒一端的封闭端、设置于吸能盒另一端的开口端、设置于吸能盒内的填充芯体。所述填充芯体为通过混合发泡后通过开口端注入吸能盒进行填充,填充熟化后得到填充芯体。
实施例5-6以及对比例2-5,
实施例5-6与实施例1的区别在于,实施例5-6的填料混合物的制备原料添加量不同,其他制备工艺相同;对比例2-5与实施例1的区别在于,对比例2-5的填料混合物制备原料添加量不同,其他制备工艺相同,具体如表2所示,
表2:
对实施例1-6以及对比例1-5所制备的填充芯体进行相关性能测试,结果如下表3所示。其中评价永久形变测试依照ASTM D395-B法,将试样在厚度方向上压缩50%,放到70℃、湿度为50%的条件下,保持22小时,然后在常温下释放压缩应力30分钟后,测试其厚度,并按照以下公式计算其永久形变率。永久形变率=(试样原始的厚度-压缩处理后的厚度)/原始的厚度*100%;缓冲性能检测为采用EN1621-2标准的测试方法以及设备,试样材料采用13mm厚度,长宽尺寸在35*25cm。测试条件为23±2℃,湿度60%。其中表述缓冲性能的指标值-冲击率峰值的解释为:当一个重物约5KG从一定高度掉落在试样材料上,产生50KN的冲击能量,通过该试样材料的缓冲减震后,在试样下方的电子感应器接收到的冲击力量,我们称之为冲击力峰值,单位为N。该值越小,表示材料的缓冲吸能效果越好。
表3:
永久变形率(%) 冲击力峰值(N)
实施例1 5.3 14335
实施例2 6 14326
实施例3 5.5 14475
实施例4 5.7 14138
实施例5 5.3 14439
实施例6 5.5 14290
对比例1 22 19447
对比例2 27 20861
对比例3 14 20113
对比例4 11 20323
对比例5 12 20147
由表3数据,可知实施例1-6所制备的填充芯体具有良好的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值,可有效吸收碰撞所带来的能量,满足吸能盒的吸能需求;
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于,对比例1未添加填料混合物,由表3数据可知,对比例1的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值均比实施例1的高,可见对比例1所制备的填充芯体不能较好地吸收碰撞所带来的能量,填料混合物的添加显著提高该填充芯体的吸能效果,为吸能盒在碰撞时吸收能量提供吸能效果支持;
对比例2与实施例1的区别在于,对比例2的填料混合物的制备过程中添加除偶联剂以外的其他原料,由表3的数据可知,未添加偶联剂所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值的数值均上升较多,未添加偶联剂所制备的填充芯体其吸能效果大幅下降,不能满足吸能需求,可见偶联剂对填料混合物的形成体系较重要;添加偶联剂在填料中进行分散改性后加入发泡体系,可有效提高填充芯体的吸能效果,满足吸能盒的吸能需求;
对比例3与实施例1的区别在于,对比例3的填料混合物的制备过程中添加除炭黑以外的其他原料,由表3的数据可知,未添加炭黑所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值的数据均比实施例1的数值高,但比对比例2所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值较低,可见未添加炭黑的填料混合物所制备的填充芯体的吸能效果有所下降,炭黑的加入对填充芯体的的吸能效果具有正向作用;
对比例4与实施例1的区别在于,对比例4的填料混合物的制备过程中添加除二氧化钛以外的其他原料,由表3的数据可知,未添加二氧化钛所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值的数据均比实施例1的数值高,但比对比例2所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值较低,可见未添加二氧化钛的填料混合物所制备的填充芯体的吸能效果有所下降,二氧化钛的加入对填充芯体的吸能效果具有正向作用;
对比例5与实施例1的区别在于,对比例5的填料混合物的制备过程中添加除滑石粉以外的其他原料,由表3的数据可知,未添加滑石粉所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值均比实施例1的性能数据较高,但比对比例2所制备的填充芯体的永久变形率以及冲击力峰值较低,可见未添加滑石粉的填料混合物所制备的填充芯体的吸能效果有所下降,滑石粉的加入对填充芯体的吸能效果具有正向作用;
添加偶联剂形成的填料混合物对填充芯体的吸能效果比未添加偶联剂的填充芯体要优异,多个填料添加并配合偶联剂所制备的填充芯体比单一填料配合偶联剂所制备的填充芯体的吸能效果优异,可见炭黑、二氧化钛、滑石粉、偶联剂的复配体系可有效提高填充芯体的吸能效果;
通过酸洗炭黑,使炭黑表面表层结构更粗糙,炭黑之间的间隙更大,结构更疏松,提供更大的比表面积,为后续硅烷化处理提供更多的处理点;
使用偶联剂进行处理二氧化钛、滑石粉以及酸洗后的炭黑,使二氧化钛、滑石粉或酸洗后的炭黑分别进行改性,使其表面接入可与二异氰酸酯反应的氨基基团,提高填料分散性的同时增强发泡效果,由于填料内部分散有水份,发泡点更多,发泡效果更好;硅烷处理后的填料混合物形成聚氨酯-填料-聚氨酯的网状结构,受力传递效果更广,增强吸能效果;
填料混合物的添加增强填充芯体的发泡效果,填料混合物内发泡点较多,发泡效果更好,通过填料混合物的混合发泡下形成的填充芯体;其受力传递效果更广,增强吸能效果。
同时该种填充芯体可塑性强,混合发泡后进行出料至吸能盒内部进行熟化定型,避免在泡沫铝的应用过程中需要分切、分切后装配的较繁琐的步骤,连续化生产提高生产效率,同时避免高温生产,节能减排。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,按重量份包括以下制备原料:二异氰酸酯32份-38份、多元醇26份-32份、催化剂1份-2份、发泡剂4份-8份、溶剂18份-22份、填料混合物6份-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述二异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或两种混合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述多元醇包括乙二醇、乙二胺聚醚四醇中的一种或两种混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述催化剂包括N-甲基二环己基胺、二甲基环己胺中的一种或两种混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述发泡剂包括二氯甲烷、氮二甲酰胺中的一种或两种混合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述溶剂包括乙二醇单甲醚、二甘醇单乙醚中的一种或两种混合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述填料混合物包括以下制备原料:炭黑、二氧化钛、滑石粉、偶联剂、乙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、水。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述炭黑通过酸洗而得。
9.根据权利要求7所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
10.根据权利要求7所述的用于吸能盒的填充芯体,其特征在于,所述填料混合物按重量份包括以下制备原料:炭黑3份-5份、二氧化钛15份-20份、滑石粉16份-22份、偶联剂2份-4份、乙醇15份-22份、乙二醇单丁醚34份-38份、水4份-7份。
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