CN116590601A - 一种稀土合金结构钢的生产方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910002467 CrFe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004534 SiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种稀土合金结构钢的生产方法,包括:转炉冶炼、LF精炼、VD真空脱气、连铸、铸坯加热炉加热、圆钢轧制;其化学成分的质量百分含量包括:C0.38%~0.45%、Si0.17%~0.37%、Mn0.50%~0.80%、P≤0.020%、S≤0.010%、Cr≤0.30%、Mo≤0.10%、Ni≤0.30%、Cu≤0.25%、Re0.030%~0.040%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。本发明制备得到的稀土合金结构钢具有优异的力学性能、硬度和韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及冶炼连铸和轧制技术领域,尤其涉及一种稀土合金结构钢的生产方法。
背景技术
42CrMo合金结构钢是一种优质的结构钢材料,具有高强度、高韧性、良好的热加工性能和耐磨性等优点。由于其优异的性能和广泛的应用领域,42CrMo合金结构钢在市场上具有很好的前景。随着经济的发展和工业化程度的提高,各个领域对高品质结构钢的需求不断增加。42CrMo合金结构钢具有良好的强度和韧性,广泛应用于航空、航天、汽车、机械、石油化工等领域,市场潜力巨大。42CrMo合金结构钢在新兴领域的应用也非常广泛。比如,在新能源领域,42CrMo合金结构钢作为风力发电机、太阳能光伏支架等重要零部件的材料,具有很好的应用前景。此外,在海洋工程、建筑结构等领域也有广泛的应用。42CrMo合金结构钢还可以通过各种加工方式制成各种形状的材料,如板材、管材、棒材等,用途广泛。因此,对于钢铁企业来说,生产42CrMo合金结构钢具有很大的市场潜力和利润空间。综上所述,42CrMo合金结构钢具有广泛的应用前景和市场需求,具有非常重要的意义。包钢根据自身技术装备特点,组织技术攻关,成功开发出稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问,本发明的目的是提供一种稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的生产方法,本发明制备得到的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢具有优异的力学性能、硬度和韧性。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明一种稀土合金结构钢的生产方法,包括:转炉冶炼、LF精炼、VD真空脱气、连铸、铸坯加热炉加热、圆钢轧制;
转炉冶炼采用复吹转炉冶炼,全部采用预脱硫铁水,采用单渣工艺冶炼,终渣碱度按3.0控制,终点控制目标C≥0.06%,T≥1560℃,采用SiMn、MnFe和CrFe进行脱氧合金化,终脱氧采用有Al脱氧;
LF精炼中,精炼白渣操作,全程按精炼规程进行吹Ar操作,根据转炉钢水成份及温度进行脱硫、成份微调及升温操作,升温后温度T≥1560℃,软吹时间大于9min;
VD真空脱气中,真空度≤0.10Kpa,深真空时间≥13min,破真空后,喂入硅钙线150m,软吹时间大于10min,软吹期间钢水不得裸露;
连铸中采用恒拉速控制为0.55±0.05m/min,采用电磁搅拌的电流为460±10A,钢水过热度:ΔT≤30℃,铸坯规格为320mm×415mm的矩形坯,入缓冷坑缓冷48h;
铸坯加热炉加热中,控制总加热时间3.5h,开轧温度1100~1200℃,同一根钢坯温差不大于50℃。
进一步的,所述稀土合金结构钢的化学成分的质量百分含量包括:C0.38%~0.45%、Si0.17%~0.37%、Mn0.50%~0.80%、P≤0.020%、S≤0.010%、Cr≤0.30%、Mo≤0.10%、Ni≤0.30%、Cu≤0.25%、Re0.030%~0.040%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
进一步的,所述稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的纵向力学性能为:Rm≥1184MPa,Rp0.2≥1024MPa,A50≥16.0%,冲击功KU2≥117J,钢材的奥氏体晶粒度≥7.5级,布氏硬度≥253HBW。
进一步的,用肉眼进行表面质量检测,钢材表面无裂纹、结疤、折迭或夹杂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果:
基于以上技术方案提供的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的生产方法,利用微量稀土及少量Cr、Mo、Ni、Cu复合合金化原理,在降低生产成本的前提下,显著提高用热轧圆钢的硬度、力学性能和韧性,进而显著提高42CrMo合金结构钢的整体寿命和安全性,从而生产出低成本高性能的42CrMo合金结构钢。生产得到的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的纵向力学性能可达到Rm≥1184MPa,Rp0.2≥1024MPa,A50≥16.0%,冲击功KU2≥117J,钢材的奥氏体晶粒度≥7.5级,布氏硬度≥253HBW,进行表面质量检测,钢材表面无裂纹、结疤、折迭或夹杂。
(1)本发明节约成本,采用较低含量的Cr、Ni,Mo、Cu在降低合金元素总含量的前提下,采用添加微量的稀土元素,使材料具有较高的韧性和力学性能,并具有较高的布氏硬度;(2)本发明钢具有高强度、高韧性,良好的硬度的优点;(3)本发明通过优化制备工艺,用转炉代替电炉,降低制备成本,并进行脱气和去除夹杂物,提高了材料的洁净度,从而显著提高钢的强韧性以及材料的使用寿命。制备方法工艺简单、能耗较低、适合现有工业装备水平的制备技术。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的生产方法做进一步详细说明。
如表1所示,示出了本发明的实施例1-3的钢水化学成分表。
表1.各实施例化学成分(质量百分数/%)
实施例 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cu | Cr | Mo | Ni | Re |
实施例1 | 0.41 | 0.20 | 0.56 | 0.015 | 0.0088 | 0.17 | 0.23 | 0.060 | 0.25 | 0.037 |
实施例2 | 0.42 | 0.21 | 0.58 | 0.018 | 0.0087 | 0.13 | 0.22 | 0.070 | 0.25 | 0.036 |
实施例3 | 0.39 | 0.22 | 0.57 | 0.014 | 0.0063 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.060 | 0.28 | 0.039 |
将上表1列出的各实施例的钢水分别按照以下工序进行冶炼:转炉冶炼、LF精炼、VD真空脱气、连铸、铸坯加热炉加热、圆钢轧制,获得本发明的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢。其中:
转炉冶炼:复吹转炉冶炼,全部采用预脱硫铁水,采用单渣工艺冶炼,终渣碱度按3.0控制,终点控制目标C≥0.06%,T≥1560℃(实施例中为1560℃),采用SiMn、MnFe和CrFe进行脱氧合金化,终脱氧采用有Al脱氧;
LF精炼,采用精炼白渣操作,全程进行吹Ar操作,根据转炉钢水成份及温度进行脱硫、成份微调及升温操作,升温后温度T≥1560℃,软吹时间大于9min。
实施例中为10min;
VD真空脱气:真空度≤0.10Kpa,各实施例中为0.09Kpa,深真空时间≥13min,各实施例中为15min,破真空后,喂入硅钙线150m,保证软吹时间大于10min,实施例中为11min,软吹期间钢水不得裸露;
连铸:采用恒拉速控制为0.55±0.05m/min,采用电磁搅拌工艺,搅拌电流为460±10A,钢水过热度:ΔT≤30℃,实施例中为30℃,该钢种液相线温度TL=1505℃,铸坯规格为320mm×415mm的矩形坯,入缓冷坑缓冷48h;
铸坯加热炉加热:控制总加热时间大于3.5h,开轧温度1100~1200℃,加热时尽量减少阴阳面,防止过热、过烧和脱碳,缓慢升温,保证钢坯加热温度均匀,减少温差,同一根钢坯温差不得大于50℃,保证烧钢时间;
圆钢轧制:要密切注意轧辊、翻钢机、导卫板、辊道以及盖板的状况,并确保光滑,无尖锐棱角,避免轧件表面产生刮伤、磕伤等缺陷。成品规格为φ150mm。
下表2列出了实施例1-3制备得到的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的力学性能指标(检测力学性能的试样的热处理工艺为900℃±30℃淬火,590℃±30℃回火,处理时间50min)。下表3列出了实施例1-3制备得到的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的非金属夹杂物和奥氏体晶粒度性能。
表2.各实施例的力学性能
表3.各实施例的非金属夹杂物和奥氏体晶粒度性能
由表2和表3可以看出,本发明制备得到的稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢具有优异的力学性能、硬度和韧性。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种稀土合金结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于,包括:转炉冶炼、LF精炼、VD真空脱气、连铸、铸坯加热炉加热、圆钢轧制;
转炉冶炼采用复吹转炉冶炼,全部采用预脱硫铁水,采用单渣工艺冶炼,终渣碱度按3.0控制,终点控制目标C≥0.06%,T≥1560℃,采用SiMn、MnFe和CrFe进行脱氧合金化,终脱氧采用有Al脱氧;
LF精炼中,精炼白渣操作,全程按精炼规程进行吹Ar操作,根据转炉钢水成份及温度进行脱硫、成份微调及升温操作,升温后温度T≥1560℃,软吹时间大于9min;
VD真空脱气中,真空度≤0.10Kpa,深真空时间≥13min,破真空后,喂入硅钙线150m,软吹时间大于10min,软吹期间钢水不得裸露;
连铸中采用恒拉速控制为0.55±0.05m/min,采用电磁搅拌的电流为460±10A,钢水过热度:ΔT≤30℃,铸坯规格为320mm×415mm的矩形坯,入缓冷坑缓冷48h;
铸坯加热炉加热中,控制总加热时间3.5h,开轧温度1100~1200℃,同一根钢坯温差不大于50℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的稀土合金结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于,所述稀土合金结构钢的化学成分的质量百分含量包括:C 0.38%~0.45%、Si 0.17%~0.37%、Mn 0.50%~0.80%、P≤0.020%、S≤0.010%、Cr≤0.30%、Mo≤0.10%、Ni≤0.30%、Cu≤0.25%、Re0.030%~0.040%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
3.根据权利要求2所述的稀土合金结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于,所述稀土微合金化42CrMo合金结构钢的纵向力学性能为:Rm≥1184MPa,Rp0.2≥1024MPa,A50≥16.0%,冲击功KU2≥117J,钢材的奥氏体晶粒度≥7.5级,布氏硬度≥253HBW。
4.根据权利要求1所述的稀土合金结构钢的生产方法,其特征在于,用肉眼进行表面质量检测,钢材表面无裂纹、结疤、折迭或夹杂。
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