CN116584508A - Medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snail and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snail and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116584508A
CN116584508A CN202310417546.6A CN202310417546A CN116584508A CN 116584508 A CN116584508 A CN 116584508A CN 202310417546 A CN202310417546 A CN 202310417546A CN 116584508 A CN116584508 A CN 116584508A
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snails
tea seed
medicinal fertilizer
fertilizer granule
ferrous lactate
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高波
赵文才
李思琪
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Guangxi Rongxia Crop Rhizosphere Science Co ltd
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Guangxi Rongxia Crop Rhizosphere Science Co ltd
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Publication of CN116584508A publication Critical patent/CN116584508A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
    • A01N25/008—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits molluscicidal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/12—Powders or granules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P9/00—Molluscicides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Botany (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snails and a preparation method thereof, wherein the medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snails comprises the following components: ferrous lactate, an attractant, a slow-release material, an auxiliary agent and the balance of tea meal; ferrous lactate and tea seed meal are combined to prevent snails, a synergistic effect is achieved, the problem that water bodies caused by snails are polluted by metaldehyde when metaldehyde is used for preventing snails is solved, the problem that EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) is rich in heavy metals when EDTA iron sodium and ferric orthophosphate are used for preventing snails, the problem that pesticide effect of tea seed meal impregnating aqueous solution for preventing snails is short in duration is solved, the problems of slow effect and poor prevention effect when tea seed meal is scattered in a dry mode are solved, the method has the characteristics of long prevention time and good snail prevention effect, ferrous lactate can provide trace element iron for vegetation in soil, and the tea seed meal has the effects of improving soil and promoting crop growth after being fermented in the soil and has the effects of fertilizers and biopesticides.

Description

Medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snail and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical fertilizers, in particular to a medical fertilizer granule for controlling snails and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Snails belong to the phylum mollusca, class gastropoda, mainly more than 10 cruciferous vegetables such as celery cabbage, cauliflower and the like, beans, lettuce, melons and the like, and the damage in seedling stage is greatest by feeding plant stems and leaves. The most registered agent for controlling snails in China is metaldehyde, which is harmless to human bodies, but is difficult to remove in water bodies, and for wild animals, birds and pets predating snails and slugs, the countries such as Europe and the like decide to gradually disable metaldehyde due to the consideration of drinking water safety and animal protection. Sodium ferric EDTA and ferric orthophosphate have also been reported as agents for snail control. Wherein EDTA can be enriched in the environment and becomes a protective umbrella for heavy metals, so that the enrichment of heavy metals in natural water causes pollution to the environment. Iron orthophosphate has been reported to be prepared into attractive granules for snail control. The prior research shows that the ferrous lactate has a certain control effect on snails, the action principle of the ferrous lactate is similar to that of ferric orthophosphate, and after snails eat, the snails can almost immediately stop eating by interfering with calcium metabolism in intestinal tracts of pests, and the snails die about three to six days. Compared with ferric phosphate, ferrous lactate has effective stomach toxicity activity, better affinity and certain attracting effect on snails. Meanwhile, ferrous lactate can provide microelement iron for vegetation in soil.
Tea saponin is a kind of glucoside compound extracted from tea tree seeds, has the activities of hemolysis, fish toxicity, anti-inflammation, plant hormone like and the like, can be directly used for preventing and controlling harmful organisms, and has been a successful case in controlling the pest of mollusks (various documents report that tea saponin prevents snails). The tea cake is residue cake left after oil extraction of tea seeds, is a byproduct of the tea seeds, and consists of crude protein, sugar, saponin, crude fat, tannin, crude fiber, caffeine, mineral substances and the like. The rich tea saponin contained therein has remarkable effect on snail control (the literature reports that tea meal controls snail), and the contained crude protein, crude fat and grease have good affinity for snail. After the tea seed cake is fermented in the soil, the tea seed cake also has the effects of improving the soil and promoting the growth of crops, and has the functions of fertilizer and biological pesticide. At present, the method for preventing and controlling snails by using tea seed meal mainly comprises the following steps: 1) Mashing 3-4 kg of tea seed cake, soaking in water for 8 hours, and spraying 50-75 kg of filtrate in water; with this method, the drug effect disappears about 5 days, and the drug effect is not strong in duration. 2) Mixing tea seed cake with plant ash and fertilizer, and applying base fertilizer before sowing or field planting vegetables; under the method of dry scattering tea seed cake, the tea seed cake takes effect slowly, about one week, and some vegetables will emerge after 3-4 days of sowing, there is a certain time difference in the period, snails will be in great probability of injuring the vegetables which have just emerged; the control effect of the method is poor in the control effect of the land areas with the rampant snails, which is not strong enough in the control effect of the snails by using tea seed meal; in addition, the combination of the tea seed meal and the plant ash can enhance the snail prevention and control effect, but is influenced by factors such as the plant ash, the moisture and the like, the loss speed of the tea saponin in the tea seed meal is higher, and the combined prevention and control effect lasts for more than a month at most.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the medicinal fertilizer granules capable of slowly releasing tea saponin in tea seed meal, having very long control time and good snail control effect and used for controlling snails and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snails comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 40 percent of ferrous lactate, 0.1 to 2.0 percent of attractant, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of slow release material, 3 to 22 percent of auxiliary agent and the balance of tea meal; the slow release material is urea formaldehyde.
Further, the tea seed cake is also subjected to pretreatment, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Crushing tea seed cake, and airing to obtain dried tea seed cake; 2) Adding petroleum ether into the dried tea seed cake, stirring, and centrifugally separating to obtain defatted tea seed cake; 3) Adding petroleum ether acetone mixed solution into the defatted tea seed cake, stirring, and centrifugally separating to obtain pretreated tea seed cake; the volume fraction of the acetone in the petroleum ether acetone mixed solution is 15% -20%.
Further, the attractant is one or more of fragrant substances, macaroni, wheat milk powder, protein powder, condensed milk and milk powder.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises a lubricant, a dispersing agent and a disintegrating agent.
Further, the lubricant is talcum powder or magnesium stearate; the addition amount of the lubricant is 0-2%.
Further, the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignin sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and solid polycarboxylate; the addition amount of the dispersing agent is 3-10%.
Further, the disintegrating agent is one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, starch and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the addition amount of the disintegrating agent is 0-10%.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) Weighing raw materials: weighing all components of the medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to weight percentage;
(2) Preparing mother powder: uniformly mixing ferrous lactate, an auxiliary agent and tea seed meal, and crushing by air flow to obtain mother powder;
(3) Preparation of adhesive substitution liquid: dissolving an attractant and urea formaldehyde in water, and uniformly mixing to obtain an adhesive substitution liquid;
(4) Boiling and granulating: and (3) putting the mother powder in the step (2) into a boiling granulator to fluidize the mother powder, spraying the adhesive substitution liquid to enable the powder to be coagulated into granules, screening, metering and packaging after the water content of the granules is lower than 2wt%, and obtaining the medicinal fertilizer granules for controlling snails.
Further, the mother powder in the step (2) is put into a boiling granulator and then passes through a 300-500 mesh screen.
Further, in the step (4), the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 75-80 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, and the air speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 60-65 Hz.
The invention provides a medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails and a preparation method thereof, and the invention has not been reported about the use of ferrous lactate for controlling snails for the first time.
The invention relates to a medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snails and a preparation method thereof, wherein the active ingredient of the medicinal fertilizer granule is ferrous lactate, the addition amount is 1-40%, and the ferrous lactate has effective stomach toxicity and attraction effect on snails; the medicinal fertilizer granule adopts tea meal as a fertilizer carrier, can be completely degraded into soil nutrient components, achieves the effects of fattening soil and improving soil, has a certain control effect on snails by tea saponin contained in the tea meal, and has good affinity to snails by crude protein, crude fat and grease; besides ferrous lactate has certain attraction and affinity to snails, the medicinal fertilizer granule is also added with aromatic attractant, and has extremely strong affinity to snails; the attractant is mixed with the capsule wall, a spray film forming method is adopted in the boiling granulation process, the slow release performance is good, and the long-time prevention and control effect is achieved; the medicinal fertilizer granule can be applied to crops such as cabbage, dendrobium candidum and the like, and can prevent snails by broadcasting.
The active ingredient of the medicinal fertilizer granule is ferrous lactate, the ferrous lactate is easy to oxidize into ferric salt after being wetted or illuminated, the main ingredient of the medicinal fertilizer granule is tea pulp, and the tea pulp is pretreated, so that the oxygen absorption and water absorption performance of the tea pulp can be reduced, the oxidation of the ferrous lactate in the medicinal fertilizer granule is further delayed, the use stability of the medicinal fertilizer granule is improved, and the snail prevention and treatment time is longer.
According to the medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails and the preparation method thereof, an indoor activity measurement experiment is carried out by using ferrous lactate, so that the control effect and action mechanism of ferric orthophosphate and emulsified ferrous on snails are verified; the in-house bioassay activity assay is as follows:
test snail:
the Huiba snail with 4-5.5 snail layers is caught in the field, and after 2 days of feeding and rejuvenation, the snail with good activity and movable opening is selected for each test.
Test agent
Commercial ferrous lactate (food grade, 99% content)
Ferric orthophosphate (Industrial grade, 98% content)
Experimental part:
1. contact killing activity of snail by soaking snail method
The test agents ferrous lactate and ferric orthophosphate were diluted with sterile water to 5 concentration gradients of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/mL. Soaking snails in the medicinal liquid of each concentration for 5s, taking out, directly placing into a feeding box with wet absorbent cotton, feeding with sterile water treatment leaves, setting 6 repetitions of each concentration treatment, 10 snails each repetition, and treating with clear water as control. And observing the death condition of the snails for 48 hours.
Mortality = number of dead insects/total number of insects tested x 100%
Corrected mortality = (treatment mortality-control mortality)/(1-control mortality) ×100%.
2. Determination of stomach toxicity Activity against snails by leaf dipping
The test agents ferrous lactate and ferric orthophosphate were diluted with sterile water to 5 concentration gradients of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/mL. The method comprises the steps of putting fresh lettuce She Jiancheng cm multiplied by 15cm square leaf dishes into medicaments with different concentrations respectively, soaking for 10-15s, taking out, placing the dishes in a ventilation place, naturally airing, and placing the dishes in a feeding box with moist absorbent cotton. Taking sterile water treatment leaves as a control, inoculating 10 snails subjected to hunger treatment for 24 hours in each treatment, repeating for 3 times, feeding and observing under the conditions of temperature of (25+/-1), relative humidity of (75+/-5) and photoperiod of L:D= (14:10) h, checking the death condition of the test insects 48 hours after the treatment, disturbing the adults by using a camera or other hard objects, and judging that the test insects die if no reaction exists.
Mortality = number of dead insects/total number of insects tested x 100%
Corrected mortality = (treatment mortality-control mortality)/(1-control mortality) ×100%.
3. Determination of the attractant Effect
Referring to Jiang Lin graduation paper, the four-arm olfactometer principle was used to make an attracting action device (see fig. 1). The device is characterized in that the center of the device is a plastic transparent insect release area, two treatment groups and two control groups are distributed around the device in a crossing way, the release area is provided with movable channels (d=2.0 cm) along 4 areas, the active carbon, the humidifier and the air flow meter are connected from far to near, and the top end of the insect release area is provided with an opening which is connected with an air pump. Sufficient snails were selected to starve the feed boxes for 24 hours. The absorbent cotton sprayed with sterile water was placed in the control group by spraying ferrous lactate and ferric orthophosphate at different concentrations on the absorbent cotton, respectively, and placing the absorbent cotton in 2 treatment areas. The air pump is turned on, and the air flow is 100 mL/min -1 After 5min of aeration, the hunger-treated slugs were introduced into the release zone, each group was set with 3 replicates, each replicate was tested for 20 heads, and the number of insects per treatment chamber was recorded after 24h.
Selection reaction ratio (%) = [ number of treated area insects/(number of treated area insects+number of control area insects) ]. Times.100%
Selection coefficient = (number of insects in treated area-number of insects in control area)/(number of insects in treated area + number of insects in control area)
Results and analysis:
contact killing effect:
TABLE 1
It can be seen from table 1 that ferric orthophosphate and ferrous lactate had substantially no contact killing activity for snails at low concentrations, and that the mortality rate of both snails treated with the two agents increased with increasing concentrations of the immersed snail agent, but was not significant. The situation that the snail is dead due to the fact that the snail is fed with the medicine liquid in the snail immersing process is considered, and the fact that ferric orthophosphate and ferrous lactate have no contact killing activity on the snail can be basically determined.
Stomach toxicity effect:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, both ferric orthophosphate and ferrous lactate have significant stomach toxicity effects on snails, and the more significant the stomach toxicity effects with increasing concentration, the less the efficacy of the two agents compared. It was also found that snails stopped feeding after feeding the leaves containing both agents. This suggests that ferrous lactate and ferric orthophosphate act by similar mechanisms, inducing cessation of feeding by interfering with calcium metabolism in the snail gut.
The attracting effect is as follows:
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen from table 3, the ferric orthophosphate has no obvious attracting effect on snails at different concentrations, while the ferrous lactate has a certain attracting effect on snails at different concentrations, and the attracting effect is gradually enhanced with the increase of the concentrations.
Conclusion: ferrous lactate has stomach toxic activity on snails, has similar action effect to ferric orthophosphate, and has similar action mechanism to ferric orthophosphate, and can induce stopping feeding by interfering with calcium metabolism in snail intestinal tract. However, compared with ferric orthophosphate, ferrous lactate has a certain attracting effect on snails and has a higher affinity on snails.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of an indoor biological activity test attractant effect test;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in a more complete understanding of the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1:10% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the measured ferrous lactate, sodium lignin sulfonate, urea, talcum powder and tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 300-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered flavourings and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 10% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 75 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, and the air speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 60Hz.
Example 2:20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the measured ferrous lactate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium stearate and tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 500-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered protein powder and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 80 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, and the wind speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 65Hz.
Example 3:1% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the measured ferrous lactate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium stearate and tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 400-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered protein powder and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 78 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 52 ℃, and the air speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 63Hz.
Example 4:40% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the measured ferrous lactate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium stearate and tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 300-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered protein powder and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 78 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 54 ℃, and the air speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 62Hz.
Example 5:20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: the tea seed cake is pretreated firstly, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Crushing tea seed cake, and airing to obtain dried tea seed cake; 2) Adding petroleum ether into the dried tea seed cake, wherein the adding amount of petroleum ether in each kilogram of tea seed cake is 3L, stirring, and centrifugally separating to obtain defatted tea seed cake; 3) Adding petroleum ether acetone mixed solution into defatted tea seed cake, wherein the addition amount of petroleum ether acetone in each kilogram of defatted tea seed cake is 3.5L, stirring, and centrifuging to obtain pretreated tea seed cake; the volume fraction of the acetone in the petroleum ether acetone mixed solution is 17%; uniformly mixing the measured ferrous lactate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium stearate and pretreated tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 500-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered protein powder and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 80 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, and the wind speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 65Hz.
Comparative example 1: ferrous lactate-free slow-release pesticide fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the metered naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium stearate and tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 500-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered protein powder and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 80 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, and the wind speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 65Hz.
Comparative example 2:20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granule
The process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the measured ferrous lactate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium stearate and tea seed meal, and then carrying out jet milling to obtain mother powder, and sieving the mother powder with a 500-mesh screen; putting the mother powder into a boiling granulator, dissolving metered protein powder and urea formaldehyde in a proper amount of water, uniformly spraying the solution into the boiling granulator in the boiling granulation process, after the water content of the granule is lower than 2%, preparing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, metering and packaging to obtain 20% ferrous lactate slow-release pesticide fertilizer granules; the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 80 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, and the wind speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 65Hz.
And (3) performing biological measurement verification:
test agent: the 10% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 1;
the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 2;
1% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in example 3;
the 40% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 4;
the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 5;
the prepared pesticide fertilizer granule without ferrous lactate only contains tea dreg carrier in comparative example 1;
comparative example 2 was prepared as 20% ferrous lactate granules using diatomaceous earth as a carrier.
The application rate is 4 g.m 2.
And (3) field test design and treatment: selecting a seedling bed of dendrobium candidum with consistent growth vigor and heavy snail generation for test, wherein each cell is 5m 2 Each treatment was repeated 3 times, adding a blank control for a total of 4 treatments, 12 cells, and randomized block arrangement.
Investigation mode: 5 points are randomly sampled in each cell, and the occurrence amount of snails on 4 strains of dendrobium candidum and on the peripheral soil surface is investigated in each point. The number of snails per cell was investigated before administration and the number of active snails on each group of soil surfaces and plants was investigated 1,5,8d after administration.
And (3) data processing: the rate of reduction of insect population/% = (number of live insects before administration-number of live insects after administration)/number of live insects before administration x 100 control effect/% = (rate of reduction of insect population in the treatment area of the agent-rate of reduction of insect population in the control area)/(rate of average reduction of insect population in the 100-control area) x100.
Results and analysis
The experimental results are shown in table 4 below:
TABLE 4 Table 4
The experimental results show that: the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 2 can well control snails in dendrobium candidum, can realize continuous and long-acting control effects, and have better effects than the single use of 20% ferrous lactate granules (diatomite as a carrier). The drug fertilizer granules only containing the tea dreg carrier have the worst effect, probably because the tea dreg has lower content of tea saponin, and the prevention and control effects can not be achieved.
The 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in example 2 and the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in example 5 are used for carrying out a ferrous lactate oxidation experiment, and the experimental conditions are as follows: the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 2 and the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medicinal fertilizer granules prepared in the example 5 are respectively placed on soil with the humidity of 95%, and are subjected to illumination for 24 hours every day, the illumination intensity is 20000lex, and the test is continued for 30 days; taking out the slow-release medical fertilizer granules and observing the oxidation condition of ferrous lactate, the ferrous lactate in the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medical fertilizer granules prepared in the embodiment 5 is not oxidized, and a small amount of ferrous lactate in the 20% ferrous lactate slow-release medical fertilizer granules prepared in the embodiment 2 is oxidized, so that the oxygen absorption and water absorption performance of tea meal can be reduced by pre-treating the tea meal, the oxidation of ferrous lactate in the medical fertilizer granules can be further delayed, the use stability of the medical fertilizer granules is improved, and the snail prevention and treatment time is longer.
According to the medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails and the preparation method thereof, ferrous lactate and tea seed meal are combined to control snails, a synergistic effect is achieved, the problem that water bodies are polluted by metaldehyde caused by metaldehyde for controlling snails is overcome, the problem that EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) enrichment heavy metals caused by controlling snails by mixing EDTA sodium iron and ferric orthophosphate is solved, the problem that the medicinal effect of tea seed meal impregnating aqueous solution for controlling snails is short in duration is solved, the problems of slow effect and poor control effect of dry scattering tea seed meal are solved, the characteristic of overlong control time and good control effect of snails is achieved, and ferrous lactate can provide trace element iron for vegetation in soil, and the tea seed meal has the effects of improving soil and promoting crop growth after being fermented in soil and has the effects of fertilizer and biological pesticide; the active ingredient of the medicinal fertilizer granule is ferrous lactate with the addition amount of 1-40%, and the ferrous lactate has effective stomach toxicity and attracting effect on snails; the medicinal fertilizer granule adopts tea meal as a fertilizer carrier, can be completely degraded into soil nutrient components, achieves the effects of fattening soil and improving soil, has a certain control effect on snails by tea saponin contained in the tea meal, and has good affinity to snails by crude protein, crude fat and grease; besides ferrous lactate has certain attraction and affinity to snails, the medicinal fertilizer granule is also added with aromatic attractant, and has extremely strong affinity to snails; the attractant is mixed with the capsule wall, a spray film forming method is adopted in the boiling granulation process, the slow release performance is good, and the long-time prevention and control effect is achieved; the medicinal fertilizer granule can be applied to crops such as cabbage, dendrobium candidum and the like, and can prevent snails by broadcasting.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. A medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snails is characterized in that: the medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 40 percent of ferrous lactate, 0.1 to 2.0 percent of attractant, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of slow release material, 3 to 22 percent of auxiliary agent and the balance of tea meal; the slow release material is urea formaldehyde.
2. The medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tea seed cake is also subjected to pretreatment, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: 1) Crushing tea seed cake, and airing to obtain dried tea seed cake; 2) Adding petroleum ether into the dried tea seed cake, stirring, and centrifugally separating to obtain defatted tea seed cake; 3) Adding petroleum ether acetone mixed solution into the defatted tea seed cake, stirring, and centrifugally separating to obtain pretreated tea seed cake; the volume fraction of the acetone in the petroleum ether acetone mixed solution is 15% -20%.
3. The medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the attractant is one or more of fragrant substances, macaroni, wheat milk powder, protein powder, condensed milk and milk powder.
4. The medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the auxiliary agent comprises a lubricant, a dispersing agent and a disintegrating agent.
5. The medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the lubricant is talcum powder or magnesium stearate; the addition amount of the lubricant is 0-2%.
6. The medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignin sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate and solid polycarboxylate; the addition amount of the dispersing agent is 3-10%.
7. The medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the disintegrating agent is one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, starch and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the addition amount of the disintegrating agent is 0-10%.
8. The method for preparing the medicinal fertilizer granules for preventing and treating snails according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing raw materials: weighing all components of the medicinal fertilizer granule for controlling snails according to weight percentage;
(2) Preparing mother powder: uniformly mixing ferrous lactate, an auxiliary agent and tea seed meal, and crushing by air flow to obtain mother powder;
(3) Preparation of adhesive substitution liquid: dissolving an attractant and urea formaldehyde in water, and uniformly mixing to obtain an adhesive substitution liquid;
(4) Boiling and granulating: and (3) putting the mother powder in the step (2) into a boiling granulator to fluidize the mother powder, spraying the adhesive substitution liquid to enable the powder to be coagulated into granules, screening, metering and packaging after the water content of the granules is lower than 2wt%, and obtaining the medicinal fertilizer granules for controlling snails.
9. The method for preparing the medicinal fertilizer granules for controlling snails, which is disclosed in claim 8, is characterized in that: and (4) before the mother powder in the step (2) is put into a boiling granulator, sieving with a 300-500-mesh sieve.
10. The method for preparing the medicinal fertilizer granules for controlling snails, which is disclosed in claim 8, is characterized in that: in the step (4), the inlet temperature of the boiling granulator is controlled at 75-80 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, and the air speed in the boiling granulator is controlled at 60-65 Hz.
CN202310417546.6A 2023-04-18 2023-04-18 Medicinal fertilizer granule for preventing and treating snail and preparation method thereof Pending CN116584508A (en)

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