CN116558864A - Solid-state hydrogen storage test system and test method thereof - Google Patents
Solid-state hydrogen storage test system and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116558864A CN116558864A CN202310813728.5A CN202310813728A CN116558864A CN 116558864 A CN116558864 A CN 116558864A CN 202310813728 A CN202310813728 A CN 202310813728A CN 116558864 A CN116558864 A CN 116558864A
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 345
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, and particularly relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage test system and a test method thereof. The test system comprises: the execution end system comprises a hydrogen storage tank unit, a thermal management unit and a hydrogen circulation unit, wherein the hydrogen storage tank unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank, and the thermal management unit comprises a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank and a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank which are used for preheating or precooling the hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen circulation unit comprises a hydrogen source bottle group for supplying gas to the hydrogen storage tank and a using end for discharging hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank; the data collection system comprises temperature, pressure, flow and liquid level sensors arranged on nodes in the test system; the data analysis system comprises an upper computer module and a digital control module which are connected with the data collection system. The invention establishes a set of solid-state hydrogen storage test system which is stable and efficient, wide in test range and high in automation degree, and can realize information sensing and cooperative control of the whole flow of the solid-state hydrogen storage test device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, and particularly relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage test system and a test method thereof.
Background
The hydrogen energy is clean energy with zero carbon emission and various application forms, is an ideal energy storage medium for realizing energy storage and peak regulation of renewable energy sources, can accelerate deep decarburization in the fields of electric power, industry, traffic, construction and the like, and is expected to become an important force for pushing energy sources to transform. Currently, a high-capacity, low-cost and high-safety hydrogen storage technology is one of the difficulties that the development of the hydrogen energy industry needs to overcome.
The solid hydrogen storage technology solves the problems of high pressure, low temperature and the like faced by high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and simultaneously, the solid hydrogen storage has higher volume hydrogen storage density and better safety, thereby being a promising hydrogen storage mode. However, the current research on solid-state hydrogen storage technology is in theoretical simulation and emulation stages, and lacks practical data testing and experimental application research.
In order to popularize and apply the solid-state hydrogen storage technology, the problems of performance, mechanism and rule of hydrogen storage/release behavior of the solid-state hydrogen storage material, influence of structure and type of the hydrogen storage tank on hydrogen storage/release efficiency, heat exchange form of the hydrogen storage tank, heat exchange efficiency and the like under different environments including working conditions of temperature, pressure, flow and the like need to be studied in depth. Therefore, a test control system and a test control method aiming at the solid-state hydrogen storage technology are needed to be established, and a test method, a process and a system for testing and controlling the solid-state hydrogen storage with stability, high efficiency, wide testing range and high automation degree are formed, so that the whole process information perception and cooperative control of the solid-state hydrogen storage test device are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention firstly provides a solid-state hydrogen storage test system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a solid state hydrogen storage testing system comprising:
executing end system: the hydrogen storage tank unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a thermal management unit and a hydrogen circulation unit, wherein the thermal management unit comprises a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank and a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, and the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank are connected with the hydrogen storage tank and are used for preheating or precooling the hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen circulation unit comprises a hydrogen source bottle group for supplying gas to the hydrogen storage tank, and a using end of the hydrogen storage tank for discharging hydrogen;
data collection system: the device comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flowmeter and a liquid level sensor which are arranged on the internal nodes of a hydrogen storage tank unit, a thermal management unit and a hydrogen circulation unit;
data analysis system: the system comprises an upper computer module and a digital control module which are connected with the data collection system, wherein the data analysis system is used for controlling the executing end system to execute the hydrogen storage and release working conditions.
Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the hydrogen storage tank, liquid level meters are arranged in the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, and are connected with the hydrogen storage tank through a liquid inlet valve and a liquid return valve respectively, and the liquid inlet valve is also connected with a liquid supply pump;
preferably, the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank is connected with the air cooling device for precooling the low-temperature secondary refrigerant, and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank is connected with the electric heating device for preheating the high-temperature secondary refrigerant.
Preferably, a hydrogen storage switch valve, a hydrogen storage flow regulating valve, a hydrogen storage flowmeter and a hydrogen storage pressure gauge are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the hydrogen source bottle group and the hydrogen storage tank; a connecting pipeline between the using tail end and the hydrogen storage tank is sequentially provided with a hydrogen release switch valve, a hydrogen release flow regulating valve, a hydrogen release pressure gauge and a hydrogen release flowmeter from one end of the hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen discharging switch valve and the hydrogen discharging flow regulating valve are also provided with a buffer tank and a buffer tank pressure regulating valve, and the buffer tank is used for reducing pressure fluctuation of a test system in the hydrogen discharging process.
Preferably, the hydrogen circulation unit further comprises a vacuum pump and a nitrogen source bottle group, wherein the vacuum pump is arranged between the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve and the hydrogen discharge pressure gauge and is used for vacuumizing the hydrogen storage tank unit and the hydrogen circulation unit; the nitrogen source bottle group is connected between the hydrogen storage flowmeter and the hydrogen storage pressure gauge through a nitrogen replacement switch valve and is used for replacing residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank unit and the hydrogen circulation unit after the test is finished.
Preferably, in the data analysis system, the digital control module includes a main controller module and a power adjustment module, the main controller module takes collected data as input, and calculates an output signal to the execution end system; the power adjusting module is used for adjusting and running working conditions in the execution end system.
Preferably, the executing end system further comprises an early warning processing module, the early warning processing module comprises a hydrogen leakage detector, an audible and visual alarm and an exhaust fan which are arranged in the space where the test system is located, the early warning processing module is connected with the digital control module, when the hydrogen leakage detector detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches or exceeds a set threshold value, the early warning processing module outputs a signal to the audible and visual alarm and the exhaust fan, sends audible and visual alarm and discharges indoor hydrogen out of the space where the test system is located, and simultaneously outputs an emergency stop signal to the digital control module to stop operation of all equipment of the test system.
The invention also provides a test method of the solid-state hydrogen storage test system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a target hydrogen storage amount, a target hydrogen storage time and a target temperature interval of a hydrogen storage tank under a hydrogen storage working condition in a system through an upper computer module, and transmitting the target hydrogen storage amount, the target hydrogen storage time and the target temperature interval of the hydrogen storage tank to a main controller module of a data analysis system under a hydrogen storage working condition;
s2, vacuumizing an internal pipeline of the hydrogen circulation unit through a vacuum pump to ensure that no air exists in the hydrogen circulation pipeline;
s3, preheating a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, and precooling a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank for later use;
s4, hydrogen storage test: precooling the hydrogen storage tank by using precooling of the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, and inputting the low-temperature secondary refrigerant in the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank to the hydrogen storage tank unit by opening a liquid inlet valve to ensure that the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is stabilized within a hydrogen storage target temperature interval;
after the temperature is stable, a hydrogen storage switch valve and a hydrogen storage flow regulating valve are opened, hydrogen in a hydrogen source bottle group is stored in the hydrogen storage tank, the control of hydrogen storage pressure is realized by regulating the opening of the hydrogen storage flow regulating valve, meanwhile, a hydrogen storage flowmeter accumulates the hydrogen storage quantity, the collected data are input into an upper computer module by the hydrogen storage flowmeter and the hydrogen storage pressure gauge, and the collected data are analyzed by a data analysis system;
s5, hydrogen release test: preheating a hydrogen storage tank by using a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, and inputting the high-temperature secondary refrigerant in the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank to a hydrogen storage tank unit by opening a liquid inlet valve to ensure that the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is stabilized within a hydrogen storage target temperature interval;
after the temperature is stable, a hydrogen discharge switch valve, a buffer tank pressure regulating valve and a hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve are opened, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is discharged to the end of use, the buffer tank pressure is stabilized by regulating the opening of the buffer tank pressure regulating valve, the buffer tank is regulated to the end of use by regulating the opening of the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve, the hydrogen discharge flow meter accumulates the hydrogen discharge amount, the hydrogen discharge pressure meter and the hydrogen discharge flow meter input collected data into an upper computer module, and a data analysis system analyzes the collected data;
and S6, after the test is finished, opening a nitrogen replacement switch valve, replacing the hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation unit by using the nitrogen, and discharging the hydrogen out of the space where the test system is positioned through a replacement outlet, so that the safety of the test system is ensured.
Preferably, before the test starts, the test system is also required to be subjected to self-checking, the self-checking program comprises starting the system, completing the power-on initialization of the system, and checking that the measuring points, communication and power supply in the system are abnormal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) By the solid-state hydrogen storage test system and the test method thereof, a set of stable and efficient test method, flow and system for testing and controlling the solid-state hydrogen storage with wide test range and high automation degree are established, and the information sensing and cooperative control of the whole flow of the hydrogen circulation unit, the thermal management unit and the hydrogen storage tank unit in the solid-state hydrogen storage test system can be realized.
2) The invention can realize the study of the performance, mechanism and rule of the hydrogen storage material and the hydrogen storage/release behavior of the hydrogen storage tank, the influence of the structure and the type of the hydrogen storage tank on the hydrogen storage/release efficiency, the heat exchange form and the heat exchange efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank under different working conditions by controlling the hydrogen storage/release hydrogen flow and continuously adjusting the temperature, flow and pressure of the liquid-supply secondary refrigerant of the hydrogen storage tank.
3) According to the invention, the difference of performance characteristics of different types of hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen storage tank hydrogen storage/release behaviors is considered, target values or target intervals of parameters such as hydrogen storage/release flow and coolant temperature, flow, pressure and the like can be set in a targeted manner, the different hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen storage tanks can finish the hydrogen storage/release behaviors under the optimal working condition, the test efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; and a solid hydrogen storage performance test data expert database is formed by continuously accumulating test data, so that test and data support are provided for popularization and application of a solid hydrogen storage technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the early warning process of the test system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a test method of the test system of the present invention.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures is as follows:
10-a hydrogen storage tank; the system comprises a 21-low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, a 211-air cooling device, a 22-high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank, a 221-electric heating device, a 23-temperature sensor, a 24-liquid level meter, a 25-liquid supply pump, a 26-liquid inlet valve, a 261-first liquid inlet valve, a 262-second liquid inlet valve, a 27-liquid return valve, a 271-first liquid return valve, a 272-second liquid return valve and a 28-circulating pump; 30-hydrogen source bottle group, 31-hydrogen storage switch valve, 32-hydrogen storage flow regulating valve, 33-hydrogen storage flowmeter and 34-hydrogen storage pressure gauge; 40-nitrogen source bottle group, 41-nitrogen replacement switch valve and 42-replacement outlet; 50-a using end, 51-a hydrogen release switch valve, 52-a hydrogen release flow regulating valve, 53-a hydrogen release pressure gauge and 54-a hydrogen release flowmeter; the system comprises a 61-upper computer module, a 62-digital control module, a 621-main controller module, a 622-power regulation module, a 63-early warning processing module, a 631-hydrogen leakage detector, a 632-audible and visual alarm and a 633-exhaust fan; 70-buffer tank and 71-buffer tank pressure regulating valves; 80-vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is more specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 1, a solid-state hydrogen storage test system comprises an execution end system, a data collection system and a data analysis system.
The execution end system comprises a hydrogen storage tank unit, a thermal management unit and a hydrogen circulation unit. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the hydrogen storage tank unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank 10, and a temperature sensor 23 is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank 10 and used for measuring the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 10 in real time;
the thermal management unit comprises a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 21 and a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 22, wherein the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 21 and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 22 are respectively connected with the hydrogen storage tank 10 through a liquid inlet valve 26 and a liquid return valve 27 which are connected with a liquid supply pump 25, and are used for preheating or precooling the hydrogen storage tank 10. The low-temperature coolant storage tank 21 is connected to the hydrogen tank 10 through a first feed valve 261 and a first return valve 271, and the high-temperature coolant storage tank 22 is connected to the hydrogen tank 10 through a second feed valve 262 and a second return valve 272.
The low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 21 and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 22 are internally provided with a liquid level meter 24, the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 21 is also connected with an air cooling device 211 and a circulating pump 28 for precooling the low-temperature secondary refrigerant, and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 22 is also connected with an electric heating device 221 and the circulating pump 28 for preheating the high-temperature secondary refrigerant.
The hydrogen circulation unit includes a hydrogen source bottle group 30 for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen tank, and a use terminal 50 for discharging hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 10. A hydrogen storage switch valve 31, a hydrogen storage flow regulating valve 32, a hydrogen storage flowmeter 33 and a hydrogen storage pressure gauge 34 are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the hydrogen source bottle group 30 and the hydrogen storage tank 10; a connection pipeline between the using terminal 50 and the hydrogen storage tank 10 is provided with a hydrogen release switch valve 51, a hydrogen release flow rate regulating valve 52, a hydrogen release pressure gauge 53 and a hydrogen release flowmeter 54 in sequence from one end of the hydrogen storage tank 10.
A buffer tank 70 and a buffer tank pressure regulating valve 71 are further arranged between the hydrogen release switch valve 51 and the hydrogen release flow regulating valve 52, and the buffer tank 70 is used for reducing pressure fluctuation of a test system in the hydrogen release process so as to enable the system to run stably.
The hydrogen circulation unit further comprises a vacuum pump 80 and a nitrogen source bottle group 40, wherein the vacuum pump 80 is arranged between the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve 52 and the hydrogen discharge pressure gauge 53 and is used for vacuumizing the hydrogen storage tank unit and the hydrogen circulation unit. The nitrogen source bottle group 40 is connected between the hydrogen storage flowmeter 33 and the hydrogen storage pressure gauge 34 through a nitrogen replacement switch valve 41, and is used for replacing residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank unit and the hydrogen circulation unit after the test is finished, and the replaced hydrogen is discharged out of the space where the test system is located through a replacement outlet 42.
The temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the flowmeter and the liquid level sensor can collect the temperature, the pressure, the flow and other information of the nodes required by the hydrogen storage tank unit, the thermal management unit and the hydrogen circulation unit in real time, and the data collection system of the test system is formed.
And the data collected by the data collection system is transmitted to the data analysis system, and the data analysis system analyzes and controls the executing end system to execute the hydrogen storage and release working conditions according to the collected data.
Specifically, the data analysis system includes an upper computer module 61 and a digital control module 62 connected with the data collection system, the digital control module 62 includes a main controller module 621 and a power adjustment module 622, the main controller module 621 takes collected data as input, and calculates output signals to an execution end system; the power adjustment module 622 is configured to implement adjustment and operation of the working conditions in the execution end system.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the executing end system further includes an early warning processing module 63, where the early warning processing module 63 includes a hydrogen leakage detector 631, an audible and visual alarm 632 and an exhaust fan 633 that are disposed in a space where the test system is located, and the early warning processing module 63 is connected with the digital control module 62, and outputs a signal to the audible and visual alarm 632 and the exhaust fan 633 when the hydrogen leakage detector 631 detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches or exceeds a set threshold, and outputs an emergency stop signal to the digital control module 62 to stop the operation of all devices of the test system.
Example 2
In the invention, the data analysis system and the data collection system of the test system can be further arranged as an integrated control system comprising an upper computer module, a main controller module, a data acquisition module, a digital controller module, a power regulation module, a sensor module, an early warning processing module and an execution end module. And the integrated control system can be independently arranged or matched with other solid-state hydrogen storage devices.
The above-described execution-side modules can be generalized to the execution-side system of embodiment 1, and the data collector module and the sensor module include all the functions of the data collection system of embodiment 1. Specific:
the upper computer module is used for completing man-machine interaction, test data display, recording and report output.
The upper computer module comprises test software and man-machine interaction, the test software is communicated with the data acquisition module in real time, real-time display, recording and report output of test data can be realized, and the working condition type of the test device and the sampling frequency of the measuring point can be selected according to actual test requirements; the human-computer interaction is communicated with the main controller in real time, and the tester can operate and adjust each unit equipment of the test device through the human-computer interaction and can display and record alarm information of the test device in real time.
The main controller module is used for realizing logic control, operation decision, real-time communication and feedback linkage of the test device.
The main controller module comprises a controller, a DI input module, a DO output module, an AI input module, an AO output module, a communication module and a branching/expanding module. The controller is the core of the control system, the controller is in real-time communication with man-machine interaction through the communication module, the DI/DO module completes equipment control output and switching value feedback, the AI/AO module completes reading and giving of target parameters such as frequency, opening and the like of the equipment at the execution end, the branch/expansion module can expand the DI/DO, the AI/AO and the communication module according to the actual requirements of the test device, the expandability of the control system is improved, and the cooperative control of the whole flow of the test device is ensured.
The data acquisition module is used for completing high-precision real-time acquisition and integration of test point data of the test device.
The data acquisition device module comprises an acquisition device main module, a voltage/current/thermocouple input module and a resistance input module, and is used for completing high-precision and high-sampling rate real-time acquisition of all data acquisition points of the test device, wherein the acquisition signal type comprises voltage, current, thermocouples and resistance information.
The digital controller module takes the real-time acquisition signals of the sensor as input, calculates output signals to the execution end, and realizes closed-loop regulation and control of the equipment end.
The digital controller module comprises a PID digital controller, selects key technological parameters according to corresponding target technological processes aiming at each unit of the test device, collects the key technological parameters through a sensor to serve as input of the PID digital controller, makes deviation with a target set value of a controlled variable, and then integrates output signals through proportion, integration and differential signals to output the output signals to an execution end, so that closed-loop adjustment of the target parameters is realized.
The power adjusting module is used for adjusting the output power of the equipment end.
The power adjusting module comprises a frequency converter and a power adjuster, the frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotation speed of the pump, so that the flow is adjusted, and the power adjuster is used for adjusting the electric heating output power, so that the aim of achieving the target temperature is fulfilled.
The sensor module is arranged on corresponding equipment and pipelines of the test device and realizes real-time information sensing of the device operation data.
The sensor module comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters and liquid level sensors, and is distributed in a hydrogen circulation unit, a thermal management unit and a hydrogen storage tank unit of the test device and used for measuring temperature, pressure, flow and liquid level signals of corresponding equipment, pipelines and water tanks.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, the test method of the solid hydrogen storage test system in example 1 includes the following steps:
s0, starting the system, completing the power-on initialization of the system, and checking that the measuring points, communication and power supply in the system are free from abnormal phenomena;
s1, acquiring a target hydrogen storage amount, a target hydrogen storage time and a target temperature interval of the hydrogen storage tank 10 under a hydrogen storage working condition in a system through an upper computer module 61, and transmitting the target hydrogen storage amount, the target hydrogen storage time and the target temperature interval of the hydrogen storage tank 10 of the hydrogen storage tank under a hydrogen storage working condition to a main controller module 621 of a data analysis system;
s2, opening a hydrogen storage switch valve 31, a hydrogen storage flow regulating valve 32, a hydrogen discharge switch valve 51, a buffer tank pressure regulating valve 71 and a hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve 52, regulating the opening of each regulating valve to 100%, and vacuumizing an internal pipeline of a hydrogen circulation unit through a vacuum pump 80 to ensure that no air exists in the hydrogen circulation pipeline;
s3, because the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank 10 releases heat in the hydrogen storage process, and the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage material is continuously reduced along with the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage tank 10, the hydrogen storage tank 10 needs to be pre-cooled before the hydrogen storage test; similarly, in the hydrogen desorption test, the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank 10 absorbs heat, and the hydrogen storage tank 10 needs to be preheated before the hydrogen desorption test;
precooling the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 21 to a target temperature through an air cooling device 211, and preheating the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 22 to the target temperature through an electric heating device 221 for later use;
s4, hydrogen storage test: the first liquid inlet valve 261 and the first liquid return valve 271 are opened, the low-temperature secondary refrigerant in the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank 21 is input into the hydrogen storage tank unit, and the hydrogen storage tank 10 is precooled, so that the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 10 is stabilized within a hydrogen storage target temperature interval;
after the temperature is stable, the hydrogen storage switch valve 31 and the hydrogen storage flow regulating valve 32 are opened, hydrogen of the hydrogen source bottle group 30 is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 10, the hydrogen storage pressure is controlled by regulating the opening degree of the hydrogen storage flow regulating valve 32, meanwhile, the hydrogen storage flow meter 33 accumulates the hydrogen storage amount, the collected data are input into the upper computer module 61 by the hydrogen storage flow meter 33 and the hydrogen storage pressure meter 34, and the collected data are analyzed by the data analysis system; after the actual hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank 10 reaches the hydrogen storage target value, closing the hydrogen storage switch valve 31 and the hydrogen storage flow regulating valve 32, and ending the hydrogen storage working condition;
s5, hydrogen release test: closing the first liquid inlet valve 261 and the first liquid return valve 271, opening the second liquid inlet valve 262 and the second liquid return valve 272, inputting the high-temperature coolant in the high-temperature coolant storage tank 22 into the hydrogen storage tank unit, preheating the hydrogen storage tank 10, and stabilizing the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 10 within a hydrogen storage target temperature interval;
after the temperature is stabilized, the hydrogen discharge switch valve 51, the buffer tank pressure regulating valve 71 and the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve 52 are opened, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 is discharged to the use terminal 50, the pressure of the buffer tank 70 is stabilized by regulating the opening degree of the buffer tank pressure regulating valve 71, the pressure of the buffer tank 70 to the use terminal 50 is regulated by regulating the opening degree of the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve 52, the hydrogen discharge flow meter 54 accumulates the hydrogen discharge amount, the collected data is input into the upper computer module 61 by the hydrogen discharge pressure meter 53 and the hydrogen discharge flow meter 54, and the collected data is analyzed by the data analysis system; when the actual hydrogen release amount of the hydrogen storage tank 10 reaches the target hydrogen release value, the hydrogen release switch valve 51, the buffer tank pressure regulating valve 71 and the hydrogen release flow regulating valve 52 are closed, and the hydrogen release working condition is ended;
and S6, after the test is finished, the nitrogen replacement switch valve 41 is opened, the hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation unit is replaced by the nitrogen, and the hydrogen is discharged outdoors, so that the safety of the test system is ensured.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention, and are not limiting to the present invention; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A solid state hydrogen storage testing system, comprising:
executing end system: the hydrogen storage tank unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank (10), a thermal management unit and a hydrogen circulation unit, wherein the thermal management unit comprises a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (21) and a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (22), and the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (21) and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (22) are connected with the hydrogen storage tank (10) and used for preheating or precooling the hydrogen storage tank (10); the hydrogen circulation unit comprises a hydrogen source bottle group (30) for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen storage tank, and a use terminal (50) for discharging hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank (10);
data collection system: the device comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flowmeter and a liquid level sensor which are arranged on the internal nodes of a hydrogen storage tank unit, a thermal management unit and a hydrogen circulation unit;
data analysis system: the system comprises an upper computer module (61) and a digital control module (62) which are connected with the data collection system, wherein the data analysis system is used for controlling the executing end system to execute the hydrogen storage and release working conditions.
2. A solid hydrogen storage test system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (23) is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank (10), a liquid level meter (24) is arranged inside the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (21) and the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (22), and the liquid level meter are respectively connected with the hydrogen storage tank (10) through a liquid inlet valve (26) and a liquid return valve (27), and the liquid inlet valve (26) is also connected with a liquid supply pump (25).
3. A solid state hydrogen storage test system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said low temperature coolant reservoir (21) is connected to an air cooling means (211) for low temperature coolant pre-cooling, and said high temperature coolant reservoir (22) is connected to an electrical heating means (221) for high temperature coolant pre-heating.
4. The solid-state hydrogen storage test system according to claim 1, wherein a hydrogen storage switch valve (31), a hydrogen storage flow regulating valve (32), a hydrogen storage flowmeter (33) and a hydrogen storage pressure gauge (34) are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the hydrogen source bottle group (30) and the hydrogen storage tank (10); a connecting pipeline between the using tail end (50) and the hydrogen storage tank (10) is sequentially provided with a hydrogen release switch valve (51), a hydrogen release flow regulating valve (52), a hydrogen release pressure gauge (53) and a hydrogen release flowmeter (54) from one end of the hydrogen storage tank (10); and a buffer tank (70) and a buffer tank pressure regulating valve (71) are further arranged between the hydrogen release switch valve (51) and the hydrogen release flow regulating valve (52), and the buffer tank (70) is used for reducing pressure fluctuation of a test system in the hydrogen release process.
5. The solid hydrogen storage test system according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogen circulation unit further comprises a vacuum pump (80) and a nitrogen source bottle group (40), and the vacuum pump (80) is arranged between the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve (52) and the hydrogen discharge pressure gauge (53) and is used for vacuumizing the hydrogen storage tank unit and the hydrogen circulation unit; the nitrogen source bottle group (40) is connected between the hydrogen storage flowmeter (33) and the hydrogen storage pressure gauge (34) through a nitrogen replacement switch valve (41) and is used for replacing residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank unit and the hydrogen circulation unit after the test is finished.
6. The solid-state hydrogen storage test system according to claim 1, wherein in the data analysis system, the digital control module (62) comprises a main controller module (621) and a power adjustment module (622), the main controller module (621) takes collected data as input, and calculates an output signal to the execution end system; the power adjusting module (622) is used for adjusting and running working conditions in the execution end system.
7. The solid-state hydrogen storage test system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the execution end system further comprises an early warning processing module (63), the early warning processing module (63) comprises a hydrogen leakage detector (631), an audible and visual alarm (632) and an exhaust fan (633) which are arranged in a space where the test system is located, the early warning processing module (63) is connected with the digital control module (62), when the hydrogen leakage detector (631) detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches or exceeds a set threshold value, a signal is output to the audible and visual alarm (632) and the exhaust fan (633), an audible and visual alarm is sent, the indoor hydrogen is discharged out of the space where the test system is located, and a scram signal is output to the digital control module (62) at the same time, so that the operation of all equipment of the test system is stopped.
8. A method of testing a solid state hydrogen storage testing system according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring a target hydrogen storage amount, a target hydrogen storage time and a target temperature interval of a hydrogen storage tank (10) under a hydrogen storage working condition in a system through an upper computer module (61), and transmitting the target hydrogen storage amount, the target hydrogen storage time and the target temperature interval of the hydrogen storage tank (10) to a main controller module (621) of a data analysis system under a hydrogen discharge working condition;
s2, vacuumizing an internal pipeline of the hydrogen circulation unit through a vacuum pump (80) to ensure that no air exists in the hydrogen circulation pipeline;
s3, preheating a high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (22), and precooling a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (21) for standby;
s4, hydrogen storage test: precooling a hydrogen storage tank (10) by utilizing a low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (21), opening a first liquid inlet valve (261) to input low-temperature secondary refrigerant in the low-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (21) into a hydrogen storage tank unit, so that the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank (10) is stabilized within a hydrogen storage target temperature interval;
after the temperature is stable, a hydrogen storage switch valve (31) and a hydrogen storage flow regulating valve (32) are opened, hydrogen in a hydrogen source bottle group (30) is stored in the hydrogen storage tank (10), the control of hydrogen storage pressure is realized by regulating the opening degree of the hydrogen storage flow regulating valve (32), meanwhile, the hydrogen storage flow meter (33) accumulates the hydrogen storage quantity, the collected data are input into an upper computer module (61) by the hydrogen storage flow meter (33) and the hydrogen storage pressure meter (34), and the collected data are analyzed by a data analysis system;
s5, hydrogen release test: preheating the hydrogen storage tank (10) by utilizing the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (22), and opening a second liquid inlet valve (262) to input the high-temperature secondary refrigerant in the high-temperature secondary refrigerant storage tank (22) into the hydrogen storage tank unit so as to ensure that the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank (10) is stabilized within a hydrogen storage target temperature interval;
after the temperature is stable, a hydrogen discharge switch valve (51), a buffer tank pressure regulating valve (71) and a hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve (52) are opened, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (10) is discharged to a using end (50), the pressure of the buffer tank (70) is stabilized by regulating the opening degree of the buffer tank pressure regulating valve (71), the pressure of the buffer tank (70) to the using end (50) is regulated by regulating the opening degree of the hydrogen discharge flow regulating valve (52), the hydrogen discharge amount is accumulated by a hydrogen discharge flowmeter (54), the collected data is input into an upper computer module (61) by the hydrogen discharge pressure gauge (53) and the hydrogen discharge flowmeter (54), and the collected data is analyzed by a data analysis system;
and S6, after the test is finished, opening a nitrogen replacement switch valve (41), replacing the hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation unit by using the nitrogen, and discharging the hydrogen out of the space where the test system is positioned through a replacement outlet (42) to ensure the safety of the test system.
9. A test method of a solid hydrogen storage test system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the test system is required to be self-tested before the test is started, the self-test procedure comprises starting the system, completing the power-on initialization of the system, and checking that the measuring points, communication and power supply in the system are abnormal.
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