CN116555746A - 一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液及制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116555746A CN116555746A CN202310657151.3A CN202310657151A CN116555746A CN 116555746 A CN116555746 A CN 116555746A CN 202310657151 A CN202310657151 A CN 202310657151A CN 116555746 A CN116555746 A CN 116555746A
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- parts
- rare earth
- zinc
- acid
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- -1 rare earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L disodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N gallotannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogen phthalate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940073490 sodium glutamate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BAERPNBPLZWCES-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxy-1-phosphonoethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OCC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O BAERPNBPLZWCES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MAYVZUQEFSJDHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(methylsulfanyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(SC)=CC=CC2=C1SC MAYVZUQEFSJDHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWKSKIMOESPYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetamido-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)NC(CS)C(O)=O PWKSKIMOESPYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QXPQVUQBEBHHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1]benzothiolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine Chemical compound C1CCCC2=C1SC1=C2C(N)=NC=N1 QXPQVUQBEBHHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UWTATZPHSA-N D-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PDQAZBWRQCGBEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenethiourea Chemical compound S=C1NCCN1 PDQAZBWRQCGBEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NGPGDYLVALNKEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;azane;2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O NGPGDYLVALNKEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090960 diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVQLLNFANZSCGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O TVQLLNFANZSCGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MEANOSLIBWSCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K gadolinium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Gd](Cl)Cl MEANOSLIBWSCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- QLAFITOLRQQGTE-UHFFFAOYSA-H gadolinium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Gd+3].[Gd+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QLAFITOLRQQGTE-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- MWFSXYMZCVAQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) nitrate Chemical compound [Gd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MWFSXYMZCVAQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- VQEHIYWBGOJJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-H lanthanum(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [La+3].[La+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VQEHIYWBGOJJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099690 malic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HWPKGOGLCKPRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M monosodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC(O)=O HWPKGOGLCKPRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002524 monosodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018342 monosodium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RHVPCSSKNPYQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-H neodymium(3+);trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Nd+3].[Nd+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RHVPCSSKNPYQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K neodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Nd](Cl)Cl ATINCSYRHURBSP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AVTYONGGKAJVTE-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium L-tartrate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O AVTYONGGKAJVTE-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001472 potassium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940111695 potassium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011005 potassium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K praseodymium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pr](Cl)Cl LHBNLZDGIPPZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metavanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][V](=O)=O CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940079864 sodium stannate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015870 tripotassium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019263 trisodium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- QVOIJBIQBYRBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O QVOIJBIQBYRBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 43
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 49
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 26
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 7
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001163841 Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae Species 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical group [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/42—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,按重量份包括以下组分:主成膜剂10份‑40份,辅助成膜剂5份‑20份,复合氧化剂2份‑15份,络合剂2份‑12份,pH值缓冲剂2份‑10份,pH值调整剂2份‑8份,去离子水120份‑200份,其中,复合氧化剂为稳定型氧化剂,锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的pH值为1.5‑4.0。本发明还提供了一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的制备方法以及上述锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液在对锌镀层进行钝化处理中的应用。本发明的钝化液制备简单,稳定性好,可长期保存,符合环保要求,并且钝化液钝化处理长效性高,环保无毒,成本低廉,钝化工艺简单,能够实现镀锌产品的大规模清洁生产,同时满足镀锌产品的耐蚀性要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属材料表面处理领域领域,具体涉及一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液及制备方法和应用。
背景技术
锌镀层由于其工艺简单、镀层材料资源丰富和成本低廉等优势成为机械、石油化工、汽车、建材、家用电子电器等工业领域中被广泛应用于钢铁材料的防腐涂层。这种涂层是基于锌的腐蚀电位比铁负,在腐蚀介质中可以依靠锌镀层的阳极溶解以达到保护基体的目的。
但由于锌元素化学性质活泼,当在含水、氧气、二氧化碳等潮湿的环境中时,锌镀层的腐蚀速率大大增加,镀锌层的耐蚀寿命大大缩短,且形成暗灰色或者白色腐蚀产物,导致镀锌产品装饰性和防腐性能下降。因此,在实际工程应用中,为了保证产品的外观效果和提高锌镀层的防腐能力,在镀锌之后需要对其进行钝化处理。
长期以来,镀锌行业普遍使用六价铬钝化工艺。由于六价铬钝化液危害人体、污染环境,欧盟规定从2003年1月1日起禁止其在电子产品以及车辆部件中使用。我国自2007年3月1日起,禁止投放于市场的电子和电器设备使用铅、汞、镉、六价铬、聚溴二苯醚和聚溴联苯等6种有害物质。为了应对环保要求,国内外镀锌行业开始推广采用三价铬钝化液代替六价铬钝化液对锌镀层进行钝化处理。虽然三价铬毒性小,但三价铬在使用过程中会转变成六价铬,未能从根本上解决环保问题。因此,采用无铬钝化技术成为大势所趋。
近来,由于稀土金属盐无毒、无污染、环境友好,化学性质和铬酸盐相似,稀土金属盐钝化工艺成为行业研究热点。一些稀土金属盐基的钝化专利,如一种热镀锌层稀土盐钝化液的制备方法(专利申请号201910361626.8)、一种用于材料镀层处理的稀土无铬钝化液及其应用(专利申请号201310191990.7)、一种清洁型稀土盐钝化液制备方法(专利申请号200910094371.X)、一种热镀锌层表面防腐蚀的稀土转化膜的制备方法(专利申请号200910038561.X)已经被报道。这些专利中报道稀土金属盐基钝化液组成都是由以稀土铈盐或稀土镧盐为主成膜剂,以双氧水为氧化剂,和以硼酸、柠檬酸、植酸及其盐等为添加剂组成。但双氧水氧化速度快、易分解,失效快,在实际应用中不易控制,导致钝化液钝化能力下降快,无法保持长久的钝化效果。并且稀土金属盐容易水解,产生沉淀,钝化液不稳定;稀土金属盐钝化液的pH值波动较大,无法满足大规模实际应用。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决上述问题而进行的,目的在于提供一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液及制备方法和应用。
本发明提供了一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,具有这样的特征,按重量份包括以下组分:主成膜剂10份-40份,辅助成膜剂5份-20份,复合氧化剂2份-15份,络合剂2份-12份,pH值缓冲剂2份-10份,pH值调整剂2份-8份,去离子水120份-200份,其中,复合氧化剂为稳定型氧化剂,锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的pH值为1.5-4.0。
在本发明提供的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,主成膜剂为氯化钇、氯化铈、硝酸钇、氯化镨、氯化亚铈、硝酸镝、氯化镝、硫酸铈、硫酸亚铈、硫酸镧、硝酸铈、硝酸镧、氯化钕、硫酸钕、硝酸钕、碳酸钇、氯化钆、氯化镧、硫酸钆、硝酸钆中的任意二种或者多种。
在本发明提供的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,辅助成膜剂由无机辅助成膜剂和有机辅助成膜剂组成,无机辅助成膜剂为磷酸钠、钼酸钠、磷酸铵、磷酸锌、钒酸钠、硅酸钠、锡酸钠、钨酸钠中的任意一种或者多种,有机辅助成膜剂为草酸锌、硅烷偶联剂、丙三醇、丙烯酸树脂、聚丙烯酸钠、谷氨酸钠、β-环糊精、L-半胱氨酸、D-天冬氨酸、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙烯硫脲、水杨酸、单宁酸、水性聚氨酯、苯甲酸钠、二乙烯三胺五甲叉膦酸、羟基乙叉二膦酸、氨基三亚甲基膦酸、草酸钠中的任意一种或者多种。
在本发明提供的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,复合氧化剂为高锰酸钾、过硫酸钾、高氯酸、过氧乙酸、次氯酸、次氯酸钠、氯酸钠、氯酸钾、硝酸钠、亚硝酸钠、硝酸锌、硝酸钾、氯化铁、硝酸铵中的任意二种或者多种。
在本发明提供的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,络合剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、葡萄糖酸钠、海藻酸钠、酒石酸钠、酒石酸钾、柠檬酸三钠、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、聚丙烯酸、三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、乙酸、甲酸、柠檬酸三钾盐中的任意一种或者多种。
在本发明提供的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,pH值缓冲剂为乙酸钠、乙酸铵、氟化氢铵、硼酸、酒石酸铵、柠檬酸铵、柠檬酸二氢钠、邻苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、四硼酸钠的任意一种或者多种。
在本发明提供的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,pH值调整剂为硫酸、盐酸、硝酸、磷酸、碳酸、氢氟酸、氨水、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾的任意一种或者多种。
本发明还提供了一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的制备方法,具有这样的特征,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,将主成膜剂、辅助成膜剂、络合剂与去离子水混合,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液A;
步骤S2,将pH值缓冲溶剂和pH值调整剂溶解于去离子水后得到溶液B,在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液C;
步骤S3,将复合氧化剂溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在600转/分~800转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液。
本发明还提供了一种上述锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液在对锌镀层进行钝化处理中的应用,具有这样的特征:通过将电镀锌钢件或热浸镀锌钢件浸入到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,进行锌镀层的钝化处理,具体如下:
将电镀锌钢件或热浸镀锌钢件经过前处理之后,将试样浸入温度为20℃-30℃的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,在以10-50转/分钟的转速下转动试样或者通过以5-35转/分钟的转速下机械搅拌溶液,钝化时间为30秒-180秒,再经过去离子水冲洗干净,完成锌镀层的钝化处理,
其中,进行前处理时,电镀锌钢件或热浸镀锌钢件依次经过去离子水冲洗、酒精或者除油粉洗超声清洗1-2分钟去除油脂、去离子水冲洗、10%硫酸酸洗活化10-30秒、最终使用去离子水洗去除残留液。
发明的作用与效果
根据本发明所涉及的一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液及制备方法,本发明依次将pH值缓冲溶剂和pH值调整剂的混合液和充分溶解的复合氧化剂在搅拌的条件下逐滴加入到由主成膜剂、辅助成膜剂、络合剂和去离子水组成的混合液中,就能简单快速的制备得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液。
本发明的钝化液成分体系简单,不采用易分解的双氧水作为氧化剂,使用稳定型复合氧化剂,并且通过添加络合剂和pH缓冲剂有效防止了稀土金属盐离子水解沉淀析出,本发明的钝化液稳定性好,可长期保存,不含三价铬、六价铬及其他有害物质,符合环保要求,并且钝化液钝化处理长效性高,环保无毒,成本低廉,钝化工艺简单,能够实现镀锌产品的大规模清洁生产。
并且,通过本发明的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液对锌镀层进行钝化处理时,基于稀土金属盐、辅助成膜剂、络合剂和pH缓冲剂的协同作用下获得的钝化膜在基体上成膜覆盖均匀,膜层结晶致密、附着力强,耐蚀性好,能够满足镀锌产品的耐蚀性要求。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1-3中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层的SEM形貌图;
图2是本发明的实施例1-3中稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例的纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的极化曲线图;
图3是本发明的实施例1-3中稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例的纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的交流阻抗谱图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,以下实施例结合附图对本发明的一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液及制备方法和应用作具体阐述。
<实施例1>
本实施例的一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,按照重量份包括以下组分:
主成膜剂:硝酸铈15份、硝酸镧15份;
辅助成膜剂:草酸钠5份、钼酸钠5份、羟丙基甲基纤维素5份;
复合氧化剂:过硫酸钾3份、高氯酸2份;
络合剂:葡萄糖酸钠2份,酒石酸钠4份;
pH值缓冲剂:乙酸钠3份,硼酸3份;
pH值调整剂:硫酸5份;
去离子水180份。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液pH为2.5。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,将主成膜剂、辅助成膜剂、络合剂与去离子水混合,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液A,具体过程如下:
将硝酸铈15份、硝酸镧15份、草酸钠5份、钼酸钠5份、羟丙基甲基纤维素5份、酒石酸钠4份,葡萄糖酸钠2份与去离子水混合,并在500转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟,得到混合液A。
步骤S2,将pH值缓冲溶剂和pH值调整剂溶解于去离子水后得到溶液B,在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液C,具体过程如下:
将乙酸钠3份,硼酸3份,硫酸5份溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液B,并在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在500转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟,得到混合液C。
步骤S3,将复合氧化剂溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在600转/分~800转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,具体过程如下:
将过硫酸钾3份、高氯酸2份溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,并在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在700转/分的转速下搅拌3分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,该钝化液澄清透明,没有出现浑浊现象。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液应用于对锌镀层进行钝化处理,具体如下:
将镀锌钢件依次经过去离子水冲洗、酒精超声清洗1分钟去除油脂、去离子水冲洗、10%硫酸酸洗活化10秒、使用去离子水洗去除残留液,然后将镀锌钢件浸入温度为25℃的本实施例的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,再以30转/分钟的转速下转动试样,钝化时间为120秒,钝化处理结束后经过去离子水冲洗干净。
经过本实施例所制备的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液进行钝化处理后的镀锌钢件的钝化膜为无色透明,镀层均匀致密,附着力好。
图1是本发明的实施例1-3中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层的SEM形貌图,图1(a)为本实施例1中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层的SEM形貌图。
如图1(a)所示,通过扫描电子显微镜观察,采用本实施例1的钝化液钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜在基体上覆盖均匀,膜层致密性高,其表面并没有出现显微裂纹等缺陷。
<实施例2>
本实施例的一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,按照重量份包括以下组分:
主成膜剂:硝酸铈15份、硝酸镧10份;
辅助成膜剂:钨酸钠5份、水性聚氨酯5份、谷氨酸钠5份;
复合氧化剂:硝酸锌3份、硝酸钠3份;
络合剂:乙二胺四乙酸二钠4份,柠檬酸3份;
pH值缓冲剂:氟化氢铵5份,硼酸3份;
pH值调整剂:碳酸3份;
去离子水170份。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液pH为2.8。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,将主成膜剂、辅助成膜剂、络合剂与去离子水混合,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液A,具体过程如下:
将硝酸铈15份,硝酸镧10份,钨酸钠5份,水性聚氨酯5份,谷氨酸钠5份,乙二胺四乙酸二钠4份,柠檬酸3份与去离子水混合,并在500转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟,得到混合液A。
步骤S2,将pH值缓冲溶剂和pH值调整剂溶解于去离子水后得到溶液B,在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液C,具体过程如下:
将氟化氢铵5份,硼酸3份和碳酸3份溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液B,并在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在700转/分的转速下搅拌3分钟,得到混合液C。
步骤S3,将复合氧化剂溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在600转/分~800转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,具体过程如下:
将硝酸锌3份,硝酸钠3份溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,并在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在700转/分的转速下搅拌3分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,该钝化液澄清透明,没有出现浑浊现象。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液应用于对锌镀层进行钝化处理,具体如下:
将镀锌钢件依次经过去离子水冲洗、酒精超声清洗1分钟去除油脂、去离子水冲洗、10%硫酸酸洗活化10秒、使用去离子水洗去除残留液,然后将镀锌钢件浸入温度为30℃的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,在以35转/分钟的转速下转动试样,钝化时间为120秒,再经过去离子水冲洗干净。
经过本实施例所制备的钝化液处理的镀锌钢件的钝化膜为无色透明,镀层均匀致密,附着力好。图1是本发明的实施例1-3中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层的SEM形貌图,图1(b)为本实施例2中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层的SEM形貌图。
如图1(b)所示,实施例2的钝化液钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜覆盖均匀,致密性高,也没有出现显微裂纹等缺陷。
<实施例3>
本实施例的一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,按照重量份包括以下组分:
主成膜剂:氯化铈18份、硝酸钕7份、硝酸镧5份;
辅助成膜剂:水杨酸6份、单宁酸4份、磷酸锌3份、聚丙烯酸钠5份;
复合氧化剂:氯酸钠3份、亚硝酸钠4份;
络合剂:焦磷酸钠5份、三聚磷酸钠4份;
pH值缓冲剂:邻苯二甲酸氢钾2份、碳酸氢钠3份;
pH值调整剂:盐酸5份;
去离子水190份。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液pH为2.7。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,将主成膜剂、辅助成膜剂、络合剂与去离子水混合,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液A,具体过程如下:
依次将氯化铈18份,硝酸钕7份,硝酸镧5份,水杨酸6份,单宁酸4份,磷酸锌3份、聚丙烯酸钠5份、焦磷酸钠5份,三聚磷酸钠4份与去离子水混合,并在500转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟,得到混合液A。
步骤S2,将pH值缓冲溶剂和pH值调整剂溶解于去离子水后得到溶液B,在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液C,具体过程如下:
将邻苯二甲酸氢钾2份、碳酸氢钠3份、盐酸5份溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液B,并在搅拌条件下将溶液B逐滴加入到混合液A中,并在700转/分的转速下搅拌3分钟,得到混合液C。
步骤S3,将复合氧化剂溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在600转/分~800转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,具体过程如下:
将氯酸钠3份,亚硝酸钠4份溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,并在搅拌条件下将溶液D逐滴加入到混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在700转/分的转速下搅拌3分钟,得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,该钝化液澄清透明,没有出现浑浊现象。
本实施例中的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液应用于对锌镀层进行钝化处理,具体如下:
将镀锌钢件依次经过去离子水冲洗、酒精超声清洗1分钟去除油脂、去离子水冲洗、10%硫酸酸洗活化10秒、使用去离子水洗去除残留液,然后将镀锌钢件浸入温度为25℃的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液中,在以35转/分钟的转速下转动试样,钝化时间为120秒,再经过去离子水冲洗干净。
图1是本发明的实施例1-3中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层的SEM形貌图,图1(c)为本实施例3中经过钝化处理锌镀层获得的钝化膜层在2000倍下形貌图。
如图1(c)所示,经过本实施例3所制备的钝化液处理的镀锌钢件的钝化膜为无色透明,镀层均匀致密,附着力好。
<测试例>
本测试例中,将没有经过钝化处理的锌基体作为对比实施例,与经过实施例1、实施例2和实施例3配置的钝化液进行对应钝化处理所获得的试样进行测试对比,具体如下:
首先,对经过实施例1-3配置的钝化液进行钝化处理所获得的试样和没有经过钝化处理的锌基体在3.5%的氯化钠溶液中进行动电位极化曲线测试,图2是本发明的实施例1-3中稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例的纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的极化曲线图。
如图2所示,相比于锌基体的纯锌镀层,经实施例1-实施例3钝化处理后具有稀土钝化膜层的试样在3.5%氯化钠溶液中均展示更正的自腐蚀电位和更低的腐蚀电流密度。同时实施例1-实施例3的稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例的纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中测得的极化曲线的电化学参数如表1所示。
表1实施例1-3的稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中测得的极化曲线的电化学参数
根据表1可知,经实施例1钝化处理所获得的试样的腐蚀电流密度为2.293×10- 5A·cm-2,相比于锌基体的腐蚀电流密度2.280×10-4A·cm-2低了一个数量级;经实施例1钝化处理所获得的试样的自腐蚀电位为-1.2177V,相比于锌基体的自腐蚀电位-1.2864V正移了近70mV。而且经过实施例1钝化处理所获得的试样具有较大的钝化区,其钝化区的电流密度相比于没有经过钝化处理的锌基体降低了一个数量级;
经实施例2钝化处理所获得的试样的腐蚀电流密度为2.138×10-5A·cm-2,这相比于锌基体的腐蚀电流密度2.280×10-4A·cm-2低了一个数量级。经实施例2钝化处理所获得的试样的自腐蚀电位为-1.2095V,相比于锌基体的自腐蚀电位-1.2864V正移了近80mV;而且经过实施例2钝化处理所获得的试样具有较大的钝化区,其钝化区的电流密度相比于没有经过钝化处理的锌基体降低了一个数量级;
经实施例3钝化处理所获得的试样的腐蚀电流密度为2.623×10-5A·cm-2,这相比于锌基体的腐蚀电流密度2.280×10-4A·cm-2低了一个数量级。经实施例3钝化处理所获得的试样的自腐蚀电位为-1.2119V,相比于锌基体的自腐蚀电位-1.2864V正移了近80mV。而且经实施例3钝化处理所获得的试样具有较大的钝化区,其钝化区的电流密度相比于没有经过钝化处理的锌基体降低了一个数量级。
综上,经过实施例1-实施例3钝化处理所获得的试样均具有良好的抗腐蚀能力和自愈合能力。
其次,对经过本实施例1配置的钝化液进行钝化处理所获得的试样和没有经过钝化处理的锌基体在3.5%的氯化钠溶液中进行电化学阻抗谱测试,图3是本发明的实施例1-3中稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例的纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的交流阻抗谱图,表2为三种实施例的稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例的纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中测得的电化学阻抗谱的电化学参数。
表2实施例1-3的稀土钝化膜层与对比实施例纯锌镀层在3.5%氯化钠溶液中测得的电化学阻抗谱的电化学参数
根据图3和表2可知,没有经过钝化处理的锌基体的电荷转移电阻仅仅为348Ωcm2,而经过实施例1钝化处理的锌试样的电荷转移电阻Rct为1139Ωcm2,其极化电阻Rp为1560.8Ωcm2;
经过实施例2处理的锌试样的电荷转移电阻Rct为1093Ωcm2,极化电阻Rp为1498.3Ωcm2;
经过实施例3处理的锌试样的电荷转移电阻Rct为1174Ωcm2,极化电阻Rp为1591.2Ωcm2。
综上,相比于对比实施例的没有经过钝化处理的锌基体,经过实施例1-3钝化处理的试样均展示出的更大的电荷转移电阻和极化电阻,说明经过实施例1-3钝化处理的锌试样均具有更大的抗腐蚀介质侵入的能力。
进一步地,采用由五水硫酸铜40g/L,氯化钠35g/L,0.1mol/L的盐酸13mL/L组成的5%的硫酸铜点滴液对实施例1-3钝化处理获得的锌试样和对比实施例的没有经过钝化处理的锌镀层件进行滴定实验测试,测试结果如表3所示。
表3实施例1-实施例3钝化处理后的稀土钝化膜层在5%硫酸铜点滴实验的变色时间
根据表3可知,没有经过钝化处理的锌镀层表面立即变黑,而实施例1中经过钝化处理的试样在滴定85s之后镀锌层表面才开始逐渐变成浅黑色,经过实施例2钝化处理的试样在滴定90s之后镀锌层表面才开始逐渐变成浅黑色,经过实施例3钝化处理的试样在滴定90s之后镀锌层表面才开始逐渐变成浅黑色。
因此,经过实施例1-3钝化处理的锌试样均具有更大的抗腐蚀能力。
进一步地,对实施例1-3钝化处理所获得的锌试样和的没有经过钝化处理的锌镀层件进行中性盐雾实验测试,测试结果如表4所示。
表4实施例1-实施例3的稀土钝化膜层在含有3.5%氯化钠腐蚀介质的中性盐雾实验测试中出现白锈的时间
根据表4可知,对比实施例的锌镀层放置盐雾箱里大约不到1小时就开始出现白色腐蚀产物,而对于实施例1钝化处理所获得的锌试样,出现白锈的时间为129小时;对于实施例2钝化处理所获得的锌试样,出现白锈的时间为122小时;对于实施例3钝化处理所获得的锌试样,出现白锈的时间为124小时。
综上,采用实施例1-3制备的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液钝化处理镀锌板可以显著提高锌镀层的抗腐蚀能力。
实施例的作用与效果
根据实施例1-3可知,本发明通过依次将pH值缓冲溶剂和pH值调整剂的混合液和充分溶解的复合氧化剂在搅拌的条件下逐滴加入到由主成膜剂、辅助成膜剂、络合剂和去离子水组成的混合液中,能够简单快速的制备得到锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液。并且,本发明的钝化液成分体系简单,不采用易分解的双氧水作为氧化剂,使用稳定型复合氧化剂,并且通过添加络合剂和pH缓冲剂有效防止了稀土金属盐离子水解沉淀析出,本发明的钝化液稳定性好,可长期保存,且符合环保要求。
进一步地,经过实施例1-3制备的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液钝化处理后的镀锌钢件的钝化膜为无色透明,镀层均匀致密,附着力好,也没有出现显微裂纹等缺陷。同时,经过测试例中进行测试对比可知,经过实施例1-3制备的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液钝化处理镀锌钢件能够显著提高锌镀层的抗腐蚀能力,经硫酸铜点滴实验开始变色时间超过80秒和中性盐雾实验出现时间超过120小时,能够满足镀锌产品的耐蚀性要求,并且钝化液钝化处理长效性高,环保无毒,成本低廉,钝化工艺简单,能够实现镀锌产品的大规模清洁生产。
上述实施方式为本发明的优选案例,并不用来限制本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于,按重量份包括以下组分:主成膜剂10份-40份,辅助成膜剂5份-20份,复合氧化剂2份-15份,络合剂2份-12份,pH值缓冲剂2份-10份,pH值调整剂2份-8份,去离子水120份-200份,
其中,所述复合氧化剂为稳定型氧化剂,
所述锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的pH值为1.5-4.0。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于:
其中,所述主成膜剂为氯化钇、氯化铈、硝酸钇、氯化镨、氯化亚铈、硝酸镝、氯化镝、硫酸铈、硫酸亚铈、硫酸镧、硝酸铈、硝酸镧、氯化钕、硫酸钕、硝酸钕、碳酸钇、氯化钆、氯化镧、硫酸钆、硝酸钆中的任意二种或者多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于:
其中,所述辅助成膜剂由无机辅助成膜剂和有机辅助成膜剂组成,
所述无机辅助成膜剂为磷酸钠、钼酸钠、磷酸铵、磷酸锌、钒酸钠、硅酸钠、锡酸钠、钨酸钠中的任意一种或者多种,
所述有机辅助成膜剂为草酸锌、硅烷偶联剂、丙三醇、丙烯酸树脂、聚丙烯酸钠、谷氨酸钠、β-环糊精、L-半胱氨酸、D-天冬氨酸、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙烯硫脲、水杨酸、单宁酸、水性聚氨酯、苯甲酸钠、二乙烯三胺五甲叉膦酸、羟基乙叉二膦酸、氨基三亚甲基膦酸、草酸钠中的任意一种或者多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于:
其中,所述复合氧化剂为高锰酸钾、过硫酸钾、高氯酸、过氧乙酸、次氯酸、次氯酸钠、氯酸钠、氯酸钾、硝酸钠、亚硝酸钠、硝酸锌、硝酸钾、氯化铁、硝酸铵中的任意二种或者多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于:
其中,所述络合剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钠、三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、葡萄糖酸钠、海藻酸钠、酒石酸钠、酒石酸钾、柠檬酸三钠、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、聚丙烯酸、三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、乙酸、甲酸、柠檬酸三钾盐中的任意一种或者多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于:
其中,所述pH值缓冲剂为乙酸钠、乙酸铵、氟化氢铵、硼酸、酒石酸铵、柠檬酸铵、柠檬酸二氢钠、邻苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、四硼酸钠的任意一种或者多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液,其特征在于:
其中,所述pH值调整剂为硫酸、盐酸、硝酸、磷酸、碳酸、氢氟酸、氨水、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾的任意一种或者多种。
8.一种如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,将所述主成膜剂、所述辅助成膜剂、所述络合剂与去离子水混合,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液A;
步骤S2,将所述pH值缓冲溶剂和所述pH值调整剂溶解于去离子水后得到溶液B,在搅拌条件下将所述溶液B逐滴加入到所述混合液A中,并在400转/分~600转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到混合液C;
步骤S3,将所述复合氧化剂溶解于去离子水之后得到溶液D,在搅拌条件下将所述溶液D逐滴加入到所述混合液C中,加去离子水定容,并在600转/分~800转/分的转速下搅拌2分钟~5分钟,得到所述锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液。
9.如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的锌镀层的环保型稀土金属盐钝化液在对锌镀层进行钝化处理中的应用。
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