CN116555138B - 乙酰辅酶a合成酶acs突变体及其在2-吡咯烷酮生产中的应用 - Google Patents
乙酰辅酶a合成酶acs突变体及其在2-吡咯烷酮生产中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116555138B CN116555138B CN202310122106.8A CN202310122106A CN116555138B CN 116555138 B CN116555138 B CN 116555138B CN 202310122106 A CN202310122106 A CN 202310122106A CN 116555138 B CN116555138 B CN 116555138B
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Abstract
本发明公开了乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS突变体及其在2‑吡咯烷酮生产中的应用,属于基因工程技术领域。本发明通过在底盘菌中过表达大肠杆菌来源的乙酰辅酶A合成酶,实现高效的乙酰辅酶A循环,减少了发酵过程中乙酸积累。进一步对乙酰辅酶A合成酶进行酶工程改造,通过突变提高了乙酰辅酶A合成酶的催化活性,进而进一步提高了2‑吡咯烷酮的产量,使构建的重组菌发酵96h的2‑吡咯烷酮产量达14.47~18.34g/L。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS突变体及其在2-吡咯烷酮生产中的应用,属于基因工程技术领域。
背景技术
2-吡咯烷酮(2-Pyrrolidone,2P),又称2-氧代吡咯烷、γ-丁内酰胺,是一类具有一个五元内酰胺环的吡咯烷类化合物,广泛存在于天然产物和各类人工合成的化合物当中。2-吡咯烷酮是生产聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、锦纶-4和脑复康(酰胺吡咯烷酮)的原料,在医药领域和工业领域具有广泛且重要的用途。
2-吡咯烷酮可由化学法或生物法合成。其中化学法合成通常由γ-丁内酯经氨化而得。以丁二醇为原料,在200℃下,在铜催化剂存在下,生成γ-丁内酯,再与氨(或胺)反应,可制得2-吡咯烷酮。另一种化学合成方法为以4-羟基丁酰胺为原料,在高压和高温下脱水进行制备。
近年来已经有一些国内外的文献报道了关于使用微生物生产2-吡咯烷酮。目前产量最高的是,Tong Un Chae通过对大肠杆菌的改造,产量可达54g/L。通过过表达乙酰辅酶A转移酶基因act,可将γ-氨基丁酸转化为γ-氨基丁酸辅酶A(γ-GABA-CoA),γ-氨基丁酸辅酶A可自反环化生成2-吡咯烷酮。
目前生物法的不足:产量比较低、发酵工艺复杂、成本高等缺陷,难以商业应用。在合成2-吡咯烷酮时,乙酰辅酶A转移酶是其关键性酶。使用乙酰辅酶A转移酶将γ-氨基丁酸转化为γ-氨基丁酸辅酶A时,需要乙酰辅酶A作为辅酶A供体,因此若乙酰辅酶A不足会严重影响2-吡咯烷酮的合成。同时在2-吡咯烷酮合成过程中,乙酰辅酶A在乙酰辅酶A转移酶催化下将产生大量的乙酸,乙酸积累可显著影响细菌生长并降低目标产物产量。
发明内容
本发明提供一株产2-吡咯烷酮的谷氨酸棒杆菌底盘菌株,在谷氨酸棒杆菌FF10的基础上,表达了来源于Butyricicoccus faecihominis菌株的辅酶A转移酶,并进行了如下改进:
(1)敲除丙酮酸脱氢酶poxB,并增加乌头酸水合酶的表达;
(2)敲除磷酸乙酰转移酶,并增强6-磷酸果糖激酶的表达;
(3)敲除转录调节因子iolR和/或sugR,并过表达谷氨酸脱羧酶。
在一种实施方式中,所述谷氨酸棒杆菌FF10公开于公开号为CN114752544B的专利中。
在一种实施方式中,以pCES为载体,表达所述辅酶A转移酶;所述辅酶A转移酶具有Genbank登录号MCQ5130945.1所示的氨基酸序列。
在一种实施方式中,所述丙酮酸脱氢酶poxB具有Genbank登录号CAF21272.1所示的氨基酸序列;所述乌头酸水合酶具有Genbank登录号BAB98933.1所示的氨基酸序列。
在一种实施方式中,所述磷酸乙酰转移酶具有Genbank登录号:CAF20775.1所示的氨基酸序列;所述6-磷酸果糖激酶具有Genbank登录号:BAB98643.1所示的氨基酸序列。
在一种实施方式中,所述转录调节因子iolR具有Genbank登录号ASW12947.1所示的氨基酸序列;所述转录调节因子sugR具有Genbank登录号ASW14321.1所示的氨基酸序列。
在一种实施方式中,所述谷氨酸脱羧酶为谷氨酸脱羧酶GAD MUT128,是具有D38N/I89V/D92N//E93Q/S153T/D202N/P268T/E294R/D301N/F355Y/D432N/H435Q/L451*突变的谷氨酸脱羧酶,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.9所示,已公开于公开号为CN114752589B的专利中。
在一种实施方式中,所述底盘菌株还敲除了乙酸辅酶A转移酶actA,并表达了乙酰辅酶A合成酶。
在一种实施方式中,所述乙酸辅酶A转移酶actA的Genbank登录号为CAF21230.1。
在一种实施方式中,所述乙酰辅酶A合成酶来源于大肠杆菌MG1655。
在一种实施方式中,所述乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs的Genbank登录号为NP_418493.1。
在一种实施方式中,用SEQ ID NO.10所示的启动子Ptuf强化乙酰辅酶A合成酶的表达。
在一种实施方式中,所述乙酰辅酶A合成酶是以SEQ ID NO.2所示序列为出发序列,进行了如下至少一处突变:
(1)将第72位天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸;
(2)将第155位异亮氨酸变为苏氨酸;
(3)将第167位丝氨酸变为苏氨酸。
本发明还要求保护乙酰辅酶A合成酶突变体,所述突变体含有SEQ ID NO.4、SEQIDNO.6、SEQ ID NO.8所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明还要求保护所述底盘菌株在发酵生产2-吡咯烷酮中的应用。
在一种实施方式中,所述应用是将所述谷氨酸棒杆菌在CGXII培养基中发酵。
有益效果:本发明通过在底盘菌中过表达大肠杆菌来源的乙酰辅酶A合成酶,实现高效的乙酰辅酶A循环,减少了发酵过程中乙酸积累。进一步对乙酰辅酶A合成酶进行酶工程改造,通过突变提高了乙酰辅酶A合成酶的催化活性,进而进一步提高了2-吡咯烷酮的产量。
附图说明
图1为2-吡咯烷酮的合成途径以及参与的基因。
图2为2-吡咯烷酮的摇瓶发酵。
图3为乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS及突变体酶活。
图4为携带乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS突变体的2-吡咯烷酮摇瓶发酵结果。
具体实施方式
培养基:
CGXII培养基:葡萄糖50g/L,(NH4)2SO4 20g/L,尿素5g/L,KH2PO4 1g/L,K2HPO4 1g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.25g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 13.3mg/L,MOPS 42g/L,生物素0.2mg/L,微量元素溶液1ml/L,运用KOH将pH调节到7.0;其中,微量元素溶液:FeSO4·7H2O 10g/L,MnSO4·1H2O10g/L,ZnSO4·7H2O 1g/L,CuSO4·5H2O 313mg/L,NiCl·6H2O 20mg/L。
检测方法:
利用液相色谱检测2-吡咯烷酮产量:安捷伦液相色谱仪1290,配备光电二极管阵列检测器,色谱柱:InfinityLab Poroshell 120EC C18(2.7μm,4.6×100mm,安捷伦);流动相采用95%水-乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)混合溶液:甲醇(90:10)等度洗脱5min;流速0.3mL/min;检测波长210nm;柱温30℃;进样量1uL。
乙酸的液相色谱检测条件为:使用Bio-Rad HPX-87H有机酸醇分析柱,柱温为60℃,流速0.5mL/min,使用波长为210nm紫外检测器进行测量。
乙酰辅酶A合成酶酶活检测方法:酶活检测反应体系体积为3mL,组成成分为:150μmol Tris–HCl(pH 8.5)、300μmol盐酸羟胺;15μmol MgCl2;15μmol醋酸钠;1μmol辅酶A;10μmol ATP二钠盐;酶溶液。反应后加入乙酰异羟肟酸,在波长520nm条件下测定所得溶液的吸光度。酶活单位(U)定义为每分钟产生1μmol乙酰辅酶A所需的酶量。
实施例1高产2-吡咯烷酮的谷氨酸棒杆菌工程菌株底盘细胞的构建
图1为2-吡咯烷酮的合成途径,敲除了前体GABA的代谢途径和一些支路途径,增强合成途径中一些关键基因表达,构建能够合成2-吡咯烷酮的谷氨酸棒杆菌。具体如下:
(1)构建谷氨酸棒杆菌FF14:
1)构建重组质粒pK18-ΔpoxB::acn,敲除丙酮酸脱氢酶poxB,同时增加乌头酸水合酶(acn)的表达:以谷氨酸棒杆菌FF10(菌株公开于公开号为CN114752544B的专利中)基因组为模板分别克隆poxB基因(Genbank登录号CAF21272.1)上下游1000bp的同源臂,克隆含启动子的乌头酸水合酶(Genbank登录号BAB98933.1)的编码基因,构建在poxB基因上下游同源臂之间,与Pk18mobsacB骨架通过Gibson方法相连,构建重组质粒pK18-ΔpoxB::acn,将获得的重组质粒pK18-ΔpoxB::acn转化至谷氨酸棒杆菌FF10感受态细胞中,重组得到菌株FF10/ΔpoxB::acn,命名为FF11。
2)按照步骤1)相同策略构建敲除磷酸乙酰转移酶(Genbank登录号:CAF20775.1),并增强6-磷酸果糖激酶pfka(Genbank登录号:BAB98643.1)表达的重组质粒pK18-Δpta::pfka,将构建的重组质粒pK18-Δpta::pfka转化至步骤1)构建的FF11感受态细胞中,重组得到菌株FF11/Δpta::pfka,命名为FF12。
3)按照上述相同策略构建敲除转录调节因子iolR(Genbank登录号为ASW12947.1),并过表达GAD MUT 128突变体(序列公开于公开号CN114752589B的专利中)基因的重组质粒pK18-ΔiolR::GADmut,增强γ-氨基丁酸的合成,将构建的重组质粒pK18-ΔiolR::GADmut转化至步骤2)构建的FF12感受态细胞中,得到重组菌株FF12/ΔiolR::GADmut,命名为FF13。
4)按照上述相同策略构建敲除转录调节因子sugR(Genbank登录号为ASW14321.1),并过表达GAD MUT 128突变体基因的重组质粒pK18-ΔsugR::GADmut,增强γ-氨基丁酸的合成,将构建的重组质粒pK18-ΔiolR::GADmut转化至FF13感受态细胞中,得到重组菌株FF13/ΔsugR::GADmut,命名为FF14。
(2)构建重组质粒pK18-△actA::acs,敲除乙酸辅酶A转移酶actA(Genbank登录号为CAF21230.1),并过表达大肠杆菌MG1655来源的乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs(Genbank登录号为NP_418493.1):
以步骤(1)构建的谷氨酸棒杆菌FF14基因组为模板分别克隆乙酸辅酶A转移酶actA(Genbank登录号为CAF21230.1)上下游1000bp的同源臂;以大肠杆菌MG1655基因组为模板克隆乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs(Genbank登录号为NP_418493.1),乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs扩增引物为:
acsEc-Ptuf-F:
GTAGCCACCACGAAGTCCAGGAGGACATACAatgagccaaattcacaaacacaccattc;
acsEc-actADn-R:gttgccgtaaatgtcagcctcgatgagaccgttttacgatggcatcgcgatagcctgc;
使用SEQ ID NO.10所示的启动子Ptuf增强乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs的表达,启动子Ptuf的扩增引物为:
Ptuf-actAUp-F:
gaaaaagtccgattacctgaggaggtattcaCAGATGTTATTGCTGAGCGCAACGGCAC;
Ptuf-BBR:TGTATGTCCTCCTGGACTTCGTGGTGGCTAC;
将启动子Ptuf和乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs片段构建在actA基因上下游同源臂之间,与Pk18mobsacB骨架通过Gibson方法相连,构建重组质粒pK18-△actA::acs。
(3)将获得的重组质粒pK18-△actA::acs转化至步骤(1)构建的谷氨酸棒杆菌FF14感受态细胞中,重组得到菌株FF14/△actA::acs,命名为P1。
按照步骤(2)相同策略构建敲除乙酸辅酶A转移酶actA(Genbank登录号为CAF21230.1),并过表达枯草芽孢杆菌168来源的乙酰辅酶A合成酶acsA(Genbank登录号为CAB14946.1)的重组质粒pK18-△actA::acsA,乙酰辅酶A合成酶acsA扩增引物为:
acsA-Ptuf-F:GTAGCCACCACGAAGTCCAGGAGGACATACAatgaacttgaaagcgttaccagcaatag;acsA-actADn-R:gttgccgtaaatgtcagcctcgatgagaccgttttaatcctccattgttgacagatctc;
将构建的重组质粒pK18-△actA::acsA转化至步骤(1)构建的谷氨酸棒杆菌FF14感受态细胞中,重组得到菌株FF14/△actA::acsA,命名为P2。
实施例2辅酶A转移酶重组质粒和重组菌的构建
辅酶A转移酶(ACT)催化GABA生成2-吡咯烷酮,是2-吡咯烷酮生产菌中的关键性酶。选择来自Butyricicoccus faecihominis菌株的act基因(Genbank登录号为MCQ5130945.1)设计扩增引物:
ACTF:CATGTGTCAATTGAAAGGACATCAACGATGCGTTCTCTGGAGGGAGTCCG,ACTR:CTACTGCCGCCAGGCAGCGGCCGCTTTAAATCGCACCGCAGGCTGCCAG,
以合成的基因作为模板,通过PCR进行扩增得到目的片段,经DNA纯化试剂盒纯化后,通过Gibson将PCR扩增产物和质粒pCES(质粒公开于论文《Development of a high-copy-number plasmid via adaptive laboratory evolution of Corynebacteriumglutamicum》)的主干片段相连,转化至E.coli DH5α中,测序验证其构建成功。将携带ACT编码序列的表达载体pCES-ACT分别转化到实施例1构建的谷氨酸棒杆菌工程菌株P1和P2中,得到2-吡咯烷酮生产重组菌P1pCES-ACT和P2 pCES-ACT。
实施例3利用谷氨酸棒杆菌工程菌株发酵生产2-吡咯烷酮
将实施例2中构建的2-吡咯烷酮生产重组菌,用于一步法从葡萄糖发酵生产2-吡咯烷酮。以FF14 pCES-ACT菌株为对照。将菌株FF14 pCES-ACT、P1 pCES-ACT和P2 pCES-ACT分别接种在BHIS培养基中,用试管于30℃培养12小时,获得菌浓为OD600为5.0的种子液;将种子液以10%的接种量接种至装液量50mL CGXII培养基的500mL摇瓶中,于30℃,200rpm发酵96小时。
图2显示了摇瓶发酵96小时2-吡咯烷酮产量和乙酸含量。发酵96小时后,与FF14pCES-ACT相比,过表达不同来源乙酰辅酶A合成酶的P1 pCES-ACT和P2 pCES-ACT乙酸积累量发生显著下降,从1.56g/L分别降低为0.136g/L和0.232g/L。
同时,P1 pCES-ACT和P2 pCES-ACT的2-吡咯烷酮产量均得到提高,从10.31g/L分别提高到13.86g/L和12.17g/L,由此可见大肠杆菌MG1655来源的乙酰辅酶A合成酶效果更好。
实施例4乙酰辅酶A合成酶acs的突变体的构建
对大肠杆菌MG1655来源的乙酰辅酶A合成酶(SEQ ID NO.2所示)进行酶工程改造,其中MUT1是在SEQ ID NO.2的基础上将第72位天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸,获得SEQ ID NO.4所示的突变体。MUT2是在SEQ ID NO.2的基础上将第72位天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸,并将第155位异亮氨酸变为苏氨酸,获得SEQ ID NO.6所示的突变体。MUT3是在SEQ ID NO.2的基础上将第72位天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸,将第155位异亮氨酸变为苏氨酸,并将第167位丝氨酸变为苏氨酸,获得SEQ ID NO.8所示的突变体。
将乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS突变体通过序列对其基因合成,分别获得SEQ ID NO.3、SEQ IDNO.5、SEQ ID NO.7所示的编码突变体MUT1、MUT2、MUT3的基因片段,以合成的基因序列为模板,设计ACS突变体基因通用克隆引物:
acs-pET-F:CTTTGTTAGCAGCCGGATCTCAttacgatggcatcgcgatagcctgcttc;
acs-pET-R:AGCCATCATCATCATCATCACagccaaattcacaaacacaccattcctgc;
设计pET质粒载体克隆引物:
pET-BBF:GTGATGATGATGATGATGGCTGC;
pET-BBR:TGAGATCCGGCTGCTAACAAAGC;
分别克隆片段和载体,将ACS突变体重新构建到pET质粒中,验证正确获得重组质粒。将重组质粒分别转化进大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)后,在LB培养基中于37℃振荡培养。当OD600达到0.6~0.8时,加入终浓度0.2mM异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导基因表达。在25℃诱导8小时后,通过离心收获细胞。将收获的细胞重新悬浮在结合缓冲液(20mMTris-HCl[pH 7.8]、500mM氯化钠和10mM咪唑)中,接着通过超声破碎。收集破碎后的上清液,通过镍亲和层析来纯化ACS。纯化后的蛋白利用HisTrap HP 5-ml脱盐柱进行脱盐。通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)检测蛋白纯化质量。以牛血清白蛋白为标准,采用Bradford法测定蛋白质浓度。纯化后,测量其酶活,图3显示:野生型乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS酶活为4.21mU/mg,突变体ACS MUT1酶活为4.6mU/mg,突变体ACS MUT2酶活为6.15mU/mg,突变体ACS MUT3酶活为7.33mU/mg。
实施例5乙酰辅酶A合成酶突变体在2-吡咯烷酮生产中的应用
按实施例1的方法分别构建携带实施例4突变体编码基因的重组质粒
pK18-△actA::acsMut1 pK18-△actA::acsMut2和pK18-△actA::acsMut3,分别转化至谷氨酸棒杆菌FF14感受态细胞中,重组得到菌株FF14/△actA::acsMut1(命名为P3)、FF14/△actA::acsMut2(命名为P4)、FF14/△actA::acsMut3(命名为P5)。
按实施例3的方法将上述重组菌株进行发酵,如图4所示,与携带野生型乙酰辅酶A合成酶ACS的P1 pCES-ACT相比较,菌株P3、P4和P5的2-吡咯烷酮产量均得到提高,从13.86g/L分别提高到14.47g/L、17.29g/L和18.34g/L。产量最高的P5 pCES-ACT相比P1pCES-ACT,2-吡咯烷酮产量提高了32.3%,相比较FF14 pCES-ACT的2-吡咯烷酮产量提高了77.9%。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (5)
1.一株产2-吡咯烷酮的重组谷氨酸棒杆菌,其特征在于,在谷氨酸棒杆菌FF10的基础上,表达了来源于Butyricicoccus faecihominis的辅酶A转移酶,并进行了(1)~(4)所示改进:
(1)敲除丙酮酸脱氢酶poxB,并增加乌头酸水合酶的表达;
(2)敲除磷酸乙酰转移酶,并增强6-磷酸果糖激酶的表达;
(3)敲除转录调节因子iolR和sugR,并过表达谷氨酸脱羧酶;所述谷氨酸脱羧酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.9所示;
(4)敲除了乙酸辅酶A转移酶,并表达了乙酰辅酶A合成酶;
所述乙酸辅酶A转移酶的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:CAF21230.1所示;所述丙酮酸脱氢酶poxB的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:CAF21272.1所示;所述乌头酸水合酶的的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:BAB98933.1所示;所述磷酸乙酰转移酶的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:CAF20775.1所示;所述6-磷酸果糖激酶的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:BAB98643.1所示;所述转录调节因子iolR的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:ASW12947.1所示;所述转录调节因子sugR的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:ASW14321.1所示;所述辅酶A转移酶的氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号:MCQ5130945.1所示;
所述乙酰辅酶A合成酶为(a)或(b):
(a)氨基酸序列如Genbank登录号NP_418493.1所示;
(b)以SEQ ID NO.2所示序列为出发序列,进行了(i)~(iii)任一突变:
(i)将第72位天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸;
(ii)将第155位异亮氨酸变为苏氨酸;
(iii)将第167位丝氨酸变为苏氨酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的重组谷氨酸棒杆菌,其特征在于,以pCES为载体,表达所述辅酶A转移酶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的重组谷氨酸棒杆菌,其特征在于,用SEQ ID NO.10所示的启动子Ptuf强化乙酰辅酶A合成酶的表达。
4.一种发酵生产2-吡咯烷酮的方法,其特征在于,以权利要求1~3任一所述的重组谷氨酸棒杆菌为发酵菌株,在CGXII培养基中发酵;
所述CGXII培养基:葡萄糖 50g/L,(NH4)2SO4 20g/L,尿素 5g/L,KH2PO4 1g/L,K2HPO41g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.25g/L,CaCl2·2H2O 13.3mg/L,MOPS 42g/L,生物素 0.2mg/L,微量元素溶液 1ml/L;其中,微量元素溶液:FeSO4·7H2O 10g/L,MnSO4·1H2O 10g/L,ZnSO4·7H2O1g/L,CuSO4·5H2O 313mg/L,NiCl·6H2O 20mg/L。
5.权利要求1~3任一所述的重组谷氨酸棒杆菌,或权利要求4所述的方法在生产含2-吡咯烷酮的产品中的应用。
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