CN116528338B - Energy collection internet of things chip, working method and communication equipment - Google Patents
Energy collection internet of things chip, working method and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuit chip design, and provides an energy collection internet of things chip, a working method and communication equipment, which solve the problems that the existing internet of things chip is high in battery replacement cost and large in size, and the requirements of low cost, real-time acquisition and monitoring, wireless long-distance transmission and low power consumption cannot be met at the same time. The energy collection module in the energy collection internet of things chip is used for collecting radio frequency energy in an external space and transmitting the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module; the energy processing module is used for sequentially rectifying and amplifying the collected radio frequency energy and then storing the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used for providing starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip; the main control module is used for receiving the sensing data and transmitting the sensing data to the signal modulation module. The system has the advantages of high integration level, low cost, high reliability, back reflection and wireless long-distance communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuit chip design, and particularly relates to an energy collection internet of things chip, a working method and communication equipment.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the development of the Internet of things, the industrial Internet, intelligent manufacturing, digital transformation and digital twin technology, the acquisition of the identification and the state of equipment, articles and living things becomes the just-needed requirement of various industries. The existing special chip, including RFID and active wireless transmission chip, can not well meet all requirements of low cost, maintenance-free, real-time acquisition, multidimensional sensing, wireless long-distance transmission, low power consumption and the like.
In the application of intelligent manufacturing and industrial internet, the state acquisition of the existing equipment depends on battery-powered end-side equipment of the internet of things, and the end-side equipment must be regularly maintained and replaced with batteries, and has large volume and high cost, so that the technical problems are encountered in the construction of digital twin and all real-time state acquisition of the equipment. The industrial identification depends on a near field communication RFID chip for manual reading and checking or is limited by a reader-writer chip and equipment with high price, and real-time acquisition and monitoring of the working states of the real-time checking and equipment are difficult to achieve.
Therefore, the current internet of things chip has high battery replacement cost and large volume, and cannot meet the requirements of low cost, real-time acquisition and monitoring, wireless long-distance transmission and low power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an energy collection internet of things chip, a working method and communication equipment, which have the advantages of high integration level, low cost, high reliability, back reflection and wireless long-distance communication.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides an energy harvesting internet of things chip.
In one or more embodiments, an energy harvesting internet of things chip, comprising:
the system comprises an energy collection module, an energy processing module, an energy storage module, a main control module, a signal modulation module and a back reflection communication module;
the energy collection module is used for collecting radio frequency energy in an external space and transmitting the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module;
the energy processing module is used for sequentially rectifying and amplifying the collected radio frequency energy and then storing the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used for storing energy and providing starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip;
the main control module is used for receiving the sensing data and transmitting the sensing data to the signal modulation module;
the signal modulation module is used for modulating the sensing data into a data stream meeting a communication transmission protocol, and transmitting the data stream to a receiving end together with a back reflection signal through the back reflection communication module.
As an embodiment, the energy processing module is further configured to:
and judging whether the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module reaches the working starting voltage of the energy collection internet of things chip, if so, receiving sensing data to a main control module in the energy collection internet of things chip, otherwise, stopping working of the main control module.
The technical scheme has the advantages that whether the energy collection internet of things chip is started or not is judged according to the voltage value of the radio frequency energy, so that the energy consumption of the energy collection internet of things chip can be reduced.
As an implementation mode, the energy collection internet of things chip is further integrated with a sensing data acquisition module, and the sensing data acquisition module is used for transmitting acquired sensing data to the main control module.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the sensing data acquisition module is integrated on the energy collection internet of things chip, so that the energy collection internet of things chip has the functions of data acquisition, data processing and energy acquisition and recovery, the external interface of the energy collection internet of things chip is reduced, and data acquisition and monitoring can be performed in real time.
As an implementation mode, the energy collection internet of things chip is further integrated with a data storage module, the data storage module is connected with the main control module, and the data storage module is used for storing sensing data.
As one embodiment, the energy collecting module comprises an antenna array and a matching circuit connected with the antenna array, wherein the antenna array is used for collecting radio frequency energy in an external space, and the collected radio frequency energy is matched with the radio frequency energy through the matching circuit and is transmitted to the energy processing module.
As an implementation manner, the energy processing module comprises a low-voltage starting circuit, a rectifying circuit and a voltage multiplying circuit, wherein the low-voltage starting circuit is used for judging whether the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches the working starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip; the rectification circuit is used for converting the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module into a direct current voltage signal directly used by the energy collection internet of things chip; the voltage multiplication circuit is used for increasing the direct-current voltage signal.
As an implementation manner, the back reflection communication module is a wireless radio frequency communication module, a bluetooth module, a WIFI communication module, a Zigbee communication module or a 5G radio frequency communication module.
The second aspect of the invention provides a working method of an energy collection internet of things chip.
In one or more embodiments, a method of operating an energy harvesting internet of things chip includes:
the energy collecting module collects radio frequency energy in the external space and transmits the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module;
the energy processing module sequentially rectifies and amplifies the collected radio frequency energy and stores the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module stores energy and provides starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip;
when the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches the work starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip, the main control module receives the sensing data and transmits the sensing data to the signal modulating module;
the signal modulation module modulates the sensing data into data flow meeting the communication transmission protocol, and transmits the data flow to the receiving end together with the back reflection signal through the back reflection communication module.
As an implementation mode, when the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module does not reach the working starting voltage of the energy collection internet of things chip, the main control module in the energy collection internet of things chip does not work.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a communication device.
In one or more embodiments, a communication device includes an energy harvesting internet of things chip as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention designs an energy collection internet of things chip, which integrates an energy collection module, an energy processing module, an energy storage module, a main control module, a signal modulation module and a back reflection communication module into one chip, so that the internet of things chip has the advantages of high integration level, low cost, high reliability, back reflection and wireless long-distance communication;
the invention also utilizes the energy storage module to provide starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip and integrates the sensing data acquisition module in the internet of things chip, so that the use efficiency of radio frequency energy can be increased, and the requirements of low cost, real-time acquisition and monitoring, wireless long-distance transmission and low power consumption are simultaneously met.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chip structure of an energy collection internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an energy processing module configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rectifier circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a current limiting circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a voltage stabilizing circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a boost circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a power consumption management circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a back-reflection communication module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Aiming at the condition of large-scale use of the existing internet of things chip method in the background technology, such as application in agriculture and animal husbandry, the existing electronic ear tags for pigs and cattle mostly adopt low-frequency RFID or high-frequency RFID chips, and adopt a reader-writer to count livestock in a patrol inspection mode. Although RFID chips have the advantage of being inexpensive, there are pain issues that cannot be overcome and addressed for livestock breeding applications. Firstly, all RFID ear tags are in a one-by-one inventory mode, the existing reader-writer chip is high in price, and a low-cost densely distributed base station cannot be realized. Secondly, the recognition distance of the low-frequency RFID chip is about 10cm, when the distance of the reader to the livestock is too short, the livestock can generate stress reaction, so that workers cannot get close, further work efficiency is affected, even the cultivation quality is reduced, and the method is not suitable for large-scale cultivation. Although the UHF RFID chip is far away, the problem of false recognition exists, and information of other livestock cultivated around can be read in together every time of recognition. Even if the LED lamp is added for identification, the earmark is difficult to distinguish and identify because the earmark is easy to be contaminated with dirt. And moreover, the common ultrahigh frequency/low frequency RFID chip does not have the application functions of the Internet of things such as temperature measurement and behavior monitoring, and cannot play a role in second-level real-time monitoring of biological health signs. The temperature measurement RFID chips all adopt private communication protocols, and are interfered by various application enterprises in the aspect of marketing popularization, so that the commercial popularization is greatly influenced.
Besides RFID chips, common active Internet of things chips are also not suitable for the livestock breeding industry. Firstly, the power consumption of the protocols of the internet of things such as NB-IoT, loRa, zigbee is larger, the power consumption of the Bluetooth protocol is the lowest in all the transmission protocols of the internet of things, and the operation cost is not needed, so that the cost is lowest. Secondly, the active internet of things chip needs button battery power supply, the electricity of the ear tag product is limited in service life, the calculated service time of the button battery with the sampling interval of 10s of 220mAh is within half a year, and the biological culture period time requirement of 10 months to 3 years cannot be met. And the wearing comfort is seriously affected by the weight of the button battery, the tag dropping rate of the ear tag is high, the maintenance amount is large, and the large-scale use problem of high maintenance cost is caused. Finally, the ear tag product of the active internet of things chip is expensive, and has a selling price of tens of money, so that the ear tag product is difficult to be used for large-scale livestock breeding of about 10 hundred million per year.
Based on the problems that the current internet of things chip described in the background technology is difficult to collect and monitor in real time, is influenced by a power supply battery, has high maintenance cost and cannot be used on a large scale, the invention provides an energy collection internet of things chip and communication equipment.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides an energy collecting internet of things chip, which includes an energy collecting module, an energy processing module, an energy storage module, a main control module, a signal modulation module and a back reflection communication module.
In a specific implementation process, the energy collection module is used for collecting radio frequency energy in an external space and transmitting the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module.
It should be noted that, the radio frequency energy herein includes, but is not limited to, UHF radio frequency energy, bluetooth transmission energy, WIFI transmission energy, zigbee transmission energy, 5G transmission energy, and other wireless transmission radio frequency energy, and further extends to environmental energy including mechanical energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, wind energy, and optical energy.
Specifically, the energy collection module comprises an antenna array and a matching circuit connected with the antenna array, wherein the antenna array is used for collecting radio frequency energy in an external space, and the collected radio frequency energy is matched with the radio frequency energy through the matching circuit and is transmitted to the energy processing module.
It can be understood that the antenna array and the matching circuit simulate energy loss models in different application scenes according to different specific application environments such as environment data, antenna data, acquisition equipment surface data and the like, so that related parameters of the designed antenna array and the matching circuit are designed, and the final antenna array and the final matching circuit are determined.
In the specific implementation process, the energy processing module is used for sequentially rectifying and amplifying the collected radio frequency energy and then storing the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used for storing energy and providing starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip.
In some embodiments, the energy processing module is further to:
and judging whether the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module reaches the working starting voltage of the energy collection internet of things chip, if so, receiving sensing data to a main control module in the energy collection internet of things chip, otherwise, stopping working of the main control module.
According to the method and the device, whether the energy collection internet of things chip is started or not is judged according to the voltage value of the radio frequency energy, and energy consumption of the energy collection internet of things chip can be reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the energy processing module includes a low-voltage starting circuit, a rectifying circuit and a voltage multiplying circuit, where the low-voltage starting circuit is configured to determine whether a voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches a working starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip; the rectification circuit is used for converting the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module into a direct current voltage signal directly used by the energy collection internet of things chip; the voltage multiplication circuit is used for increasing the direct-current voltage signal.
The rectification circuit detects the input radio frequency energy to realize voltage conversion under low input power. At high input power, conversion of radio frequency energy into direct current energy is achieved. The rectification circuit and the voltage multiplication circuit improve rectification efficiency through the high-efficiency multistage rectification circuit, optimize a charge pump circuit structure, convert input weak energy into energy voltage which can start working of a chip, and simultaneously give consideration to high-sensitivity communication and wireless charging requirements. Fig. 3 shows a structure of a rectifying circuit, which is composed of a plurality of groups of capacitors and switching elements.
It should be noted that, according to the actual situation, a person skilled in the art may specifically select the rectifying circuit, which is not described in detail herein.
In some embodiments, the energy processing module further includes a current limiting circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, and a charging circuit. Wherein:
in this embodiment, the purpose of the current limiting circuit is to avoid the problem that the peak high energy coupled to the receiving terminal exceeds the endurance capacity of the internal devices of the chip, thereby causing a transient breakdown failure to the internal devices of the chip. Fig. 4 shows a current limiting circuit structure. IN fig. 4, IN is an input signal, and OUT is an output signal. M is M 1 ~ M 7 Are all switching elements, C and C S Is a capacitive element, R B Is a resistance element, I B Is a current source, V REG Is a direct current voltage signal.
In this embodiment, the purpose of the voltage stabilizing circuit is to solve the problem of large fluctuation of energy coupled to the receiving end, and it is necessary to ensure that a stable chip operating voltage with less fluctuation is generated from extremely small energy to peak high energy. In this embodiment, fig. 5 shows a voltage stabilizing circuit, and it will be understood that in other embodiments, a person skilled in the art may specifically set the structure of the voltage stabilizing circuit according to the actual situation, which is not described in detail herein.
The voltage stabilizing circuit is also connected with a voltage boosting circuit, wherein the purpose of the voltage boosting circuit is to boost the voltage value and drive the subsequent chip to work as shown in fig. 6.
It should be noted that fig. 6 is only a boost circuit, and in other embodiments, those skilled in the art may select other existing boost circuit structures according to practical situations, which will not be described in detail herein.
The charging circuit charges weak energy collected by coupling into the energy storage module. The energy storage module includes, but is not limited to, an energy storage capacitor, an energy storage battery, an on-chip energy storage capacitor. The storage capacitor may be integrated with the signal processing and transmission chip package in a multi-chip package SIP mode.
In this embodiment, radio frequency energy of different frequencies propagated in air is matched with radio frequency energy frequency through a custom antenna, so as to collect radio frequency energy in space, and after being coupled to radio frequency energy of a transmitting end, the radio frequency energy is continuously passed through a rectifying circuit, a low-voltage starting circuit, a voltage multiplication circuit, an impedance matching circuit, a bleeder circuit, a current limiting circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a filtering circuit, a boosting circuit and a charging circuit, so that the collected radio frequency energy is collected and stored in a super capacitor for operation of temperature monitoring, signal collection, data processing, signal modulation, back reflection and wireless transmission circuit. The energy of the radio frequency energy coupled to the receiving end is determined by the energy of the transmitting end, the gain of the transmitting antenna, the environmental loss, the transmission distance, the radio frequency/wavelength and the gain of the receiving antenna. And measuring the energy collection efficiency from the transmitting end to the receiving end through the radio frequency energy coupling efficiency value. The polarization, far field and multi-frequency coupling antenna custom designed for application environment can improve the matching degree of a transmitting end and a receiving end and increase the energy collecting energy value of the receiving end. The radio frequency energy coupled to the receiving end is in direct proportion to the square of the radio frequency wavelength, in inverse proportion to the square of the transmission distance, and in direct proportion to the energy of the transmitting end, the gain of the transmitting antenna and the gain of the receiving antenna.
In a specific implementation process, the main control module is used for receiving the sensing data and transmitting the sensing data to the signal modulation module. The signal modulation module is used for modulating the sensing data into a data stream meeting a communication transmission protocol, and transmitting the data stream to a receiving end together with a back reflection signal through the back reflection communication module.
The main control module adopts an MCU processor and a necessary ASIC circuit. The main control module comprises, but is not limited to, peripheral equipment, I/O, data nonvolatile storage, a power consumption management circuit, an I/O wake-up circuit and the like, and is provided with autonomous dormancy, working mode control, a clock reset circuit and the like. The necessary ASIC circuits include, but are not limited to, encryption and decryption acceleration circuits, signal processing acceleration circuits, and the like. Such peripherals include, but are not limited to, GPIO (general purpose input output), SPI (serial interface controller), I2C (two-way two-wire synchronous serial bus controller), PWM (pulse width modulator), and the like. As shown in FIG. 7, the power consumption management circuit realizes a step-by-step independent power supply power consumption control circuit under far-field RF micro-energy supply, and meets the starting, running and processing requirements of modules such as sensing data acquisition, data storage, protocol data transmission and the like. The MCU processor covers 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit processors, including but not limited to ARM (ARM instruction set and processor core IP), RISC-V (RISC-V instruction set) and other instruction set architectures, and is responsible for running functions including but not limited to wireless communication protocol analysis firmware, exception handling and the like. Including but not limited to machine mode of operation, sleep mode of operation, etc. The clock reset circuit provides the necessary clock and reset control signals for the chip operation.
The signal modulation module forms a data stream meeting the communication transmission protocol in a certain modulation mode according to the information which needs to be transmitted, including but not limited to the sensing signal, the data stored in the chip and the like, and transmits the data stream to the receiving end together with the reflected signal. The modulation modes include, but are not limited to, ASK (amplitude shift keying, also known as digital amplitude modulation), FSK (binary frequency shift keying) modulation.
As shown in fig. 8, the back reflection communication module is a wireless radio frequency communication module, a bluetooth module, a WIFI communication module, a Zigbee communication module, or a 5G radio frequency communication module.
In some other embodiments, the energy collection internet of things chip is further integrated with a sensing data collection module, and the sensing data collection module is used for transmitting the collected sensing data to the main control module.
Specifically, the sensing data collected by the sensing data collection module comprises but is not limited to temperature sensing signals, and sensors comprising but not limited to miniature attitude sensors, gyroscopes, accelerometers, magnetometers and the like can be integrated into one chip through a SIP packaging form. Wherein, temperature sensing includes two modes: a thermistor temperature sensor connected in an I/O mode or an on-chip integrated temperature sensor.
The sensing data acquisition module is a high-performance analog-to-digital conversion circuit, is suitable for high-speed acquisition of high-precision sensing signals, and outputs acquired digital signals. The high-precision sensing signal can be input through the I/O, and the temperature sensing signal can be integrated on the chip. The high-sensitivity high-precision temperature sensor has a high immunity and self-correcting circuit.
In one or more embodiments, a data storage module is further integrated on the energy collection internet of things chip, the data storage module is connected with the main control module, and the data storage module is used for storing sensing data.
The data storage module includes, but is not limited to, OTP (one time password), EEPROM (programmable read only memory), flash (nonvolatile memory) and other storage types, and includes, but is not limited to, on-chip integrated or off-chip SIP packaging forms. The stored data includes, but is not limited to, device/individual ID, historical acquisition status, identification information, factory information, management information, control information.
In one or more embodiments, a method of operating an energy harvesting internet of things chip includes:
the energy collecting module collects radio frequency energy in the external space and transmits the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module;
the energy processing module sequentially rectifies and amplifies the collected radio frequency energy and stores the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module stores energy and provides starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip;
when the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches the work starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip, the main control module receives the sensing data and transmits the sensing data to the signal modulating module;
the signal modulation module modulates the sensing data into data flow meeting the communication transmission protocol, and transmits the data flow to the receiving end together with the back reflection signal through the back reflection communication module.
As an implementation mode, when the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module does not reach the working starting voltage of the energy collection internet of things chip, the main control module in the energy collection internet of things chip does not work.
In one or more embodiments, a communication device includes an energy harvesting internet of things chip as described above.
It should be noted that, the chip structure of the energy collection internet of things is the same as that described in the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An energy harvesting internet of things chip, comprising:
the system comprises an energy collection module, an energy processing module, an energy storage module, a main control module, a signal modulation module and a back reflection communication module;
the energy collection module is used for collecting radio frequency energy in an external space and transmitting the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module;
the energy processing module is used for sequentially rectifying and amplifying the collected radio frequency energy and then storing the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used for storing energy and providing starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip;
the main control module is used for receiving the sensing data and transmitting the sensing data to the signal modulation module;
the signal modulation module is used for modulating the sensing data into a data stream meeting a communication transmission protocol, and transmitting the data stream to a receiving end together with a back reflection signal through the back reflection communication module;
the energy processing module is further configured to:
judging whether the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module reaches the working starting voltage of the energy collection internet of things chip, if so, receiving sensing data to a main control module in the energy collection internet of things chip, otherwise, the main control module does not work;
the energy processing module comprises a low-voltage starting circuit, a rectifying circuit and a voltage multiplication circuit, wherein the low-voltage starting circuit is used for judging whether the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches the working starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip or not; the rectification circuit is used for converting the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module into a direct current voltage signal directly used by the energy collection internet of things chip; the voltage multiplication circuit is used for increasing the direct-current voltage signal;
the energy collection internet of things chip is further integrated with a sensing data acquisition module, and the sensing data acquisition module is used for transmitting acquired sensing data to the main control module.
2. The energy harvesting internet of things chip of claim 1, further comprising a data storage module integrated on the energy harvesting internet of things chip, the data storage module coupled to the master control module, the data storage module configured to store sensory data.
3. The energy harvesting internet of things chip of claim 1, wherein the energy harvesting module comprises an antenna array and a matching circuit connected thereto, the antenna array is configured to harvest rf energy in an external space, and the harvested rf energy is frequency-matched by the matching circuit to be transmitted to the energy processing module.
4. The energy harvesting internet of things chip of claim 1, wherein the back-reflection communication module is a wireless radio frequency communication module, a bluetooth module, a WIFI communication module, a Zigbee communication module, or a 5G radio frequency communication module.
5. The working method of the energy collection internet of things chip is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the energy collecting module collects radio frequency energy in the external space and transmits the collected radio frequency energy to the energy processing module;
the energy processing module sequentially rectifies and amplifies the collected radio frequency energy and stores the radio frequency energy into the energy storage module; the energy storage module stores energy and provides starting voltage for the energy collection internet of things chip;
when the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches the work starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip, the main control module receives the sensing data and transmits the sensing data to the signal modulating module;
the signal modulation module modulates the sensing data into a data stream meeting a communication transmission protocol, and transmits the data stream to the receiving end together with the back reflection signal through the back reflection communication module;
the energy processing module comprises a low-voltage starting circuit, a rectifying circuit and a voltage multiplication circuit, wherein the low-voltage starting circuit is used for judging whether the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collecting module reaches the working starting voltage of the energy collecting internet of things chip or not; the rectification circuit is used for converting the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module into a direct current voltage signal directly used by the energy collection internet of things chip; the voltage multiplication circuit is used for increasing the direct-current voltage signal;
the system also comprises a sensing data acquisition module which transmits the acquired sensing data to the main control module.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the voltage value of the radio frequency energy transmitted by the energy collection module does not reach the operation start voltage of the energy collection internet of things chip, the master control module in the energy collection internet of things chip does not work.
7. A communication device comprising the energy harvesting internet of things chip of any one of claims 1-4.
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