CN116526722A - Axial magnetic flux magnetic-yoke-free hub motor with ceramic air cooling structure - Google Patents
Axial magnetic flux magnetic-yoke-free hub motor with ceramic air cooling structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN116526722A CN116526722A CN202310236337.1A CN202310236337A CN116526722A CN 116526722 A CN116526722 A CN 116526722A CN 202310236337 A CN202310236337 A CN 202310236337A CN 116526722 A CN116526722 A CN 116526722A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000270293 Elaphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
- H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2798—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets where both axial sides of the stator face a rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an axial magnetic flux yoke-free hub motor with a ceramic air cooling structure, which comprises double stators and outer rotors with ceramic structures, a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, a turbine, a central shaft and a shell, wherein the double stators and the outer rotors form an axial magnetic flux blocking iron core yoke-free closed loop. Three models are adopted for the double-stator iron core silicon steel sheet: the surface is provided with ceramic stripes, and pores are arranged between the narrow silicon steel sheets or are arranged into a magnetic conduction-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure to form pore air cooling channels. The conductor of the double-stator coil adopts a ceramic coating or conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure, and air cooling is performed by using pores. The permanent magnets on the outer rotor adopt a ceramic air-cooled connection structure. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner provides air-cooled gas to the interior of the machine, a central shaft is utilized to set a ventilation inlet, and a shell is provided with an exhaust outlet. The turbine is used for accelerating circulation and improving air cooling efficiency. The utility model adopts a ceramic air cooling structure, reduces eddy current loss and solves the technical problem of poor heat dissipation uniformity of the axial magnetic flux block iron core non-yoke hub motor.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hub motors, in particular to an axial magnetic flux yoke-free hub motor with a ceramic air cooling structure.
Background
Axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motors have a higher power density than radial permanent magnet synchronous motors. The axial magnetic flux segmented iron core non-yoke motor has the advantages that the quality and the iron core loss are further reduced due to the fact that no stator yoke exists, meanwhile, the motor adopts a centralized short-distance winding, the full rate of stator slots is effectively improved, the copper consumption of the motor is reduced, and the motor efficiency is improved. However, the axial flux segmented core non-yoke motor has no yoke, a cooling system is difficult to integrate in a stator, cooling of the motor is difficult, and the lack of an efficient cooling system becomes a key factor for restricting the development of the motor.
The heat source inside the hub motor is mainly distributed in the stator winding, the stator core and the permanent magnet. The heat generation of the stator winding and the stator core has a large influence. The heating power of the stator winding is in direct proportion to the output power, the higher the temperature of the copper conductor is, the larger the resistance is, the winding can continuously heat up, and when the temperature of the winding reaches 145 ℃ of the performance reference temperature of the H-level insulating material, the hub motor loses the safe working state. The stator core generates heat and is mainly influenced by the material of the silicon steel sheet and the cooling structure. The eddy current of the rotor permanent magnet also generates a larger temperature rise, which causes the permanent magnet to demagnetize.
The cooling pattern of the in-wheel motor affects performance and life. The cooling mode of the hub motor mainly comprises three modes of air cooling, liquid cooling and mixed cooling. The liquid-cooled and mixed-cooled hub motor has the advantages of small volume, light weight and good cooling effect. The liquid cooling and the mixed cooling are structurally characterized in that a box body is required to be arranged and then connected to each driving wheel, and more parts are required to influence the arrangement of the chassis. Over ten types of hub motors with special air cooling systems have been designed by the Elaphe company of Stonemannia, the highest performance of the hub motor with the L1500 has a peak torque of 1500 N.m and a peak power of 110KW, and the hub motor is suitable for being installed on urban light electric vehicles.
The insulating material of the stator winding of the hub motor belongs to high polymer materials and also is a heat insulating material, so that heat dissipation of the motor winding is affected, the winding can be seriously heated, even insulation melting failure is caused, and the service life of the motor is affected. In-wheel motors require improved heat resistance and heat dissipation of the stator winding insulation material, and ceramic materials are an alternative insulation material. The ceramic material has the performances of wear resistance, anti-sticking, high hardness, insulation, heat dissipation, good heat resistance and the like. The ceramic coating process can form a ceramic coating functional layer with the thickness of more than 6nm on the metal surface, and in addition, the cordierite ceramic carrier can be used at the temperature of 1300 ℃, the median pore diameter of 3.3 mu m, the ultrathin wall thickness of 0.1mm and the exhaust resistance of the cordierite ceramic carrier is low, so that the cordierite ceramic carrier belongs to an ideal refrigeration and ventilation carrier. The ceramic coating and cordierite honeycomb ceramic composite material can be used as a safety selection material for cooling and ventilating structures of stators and rotors of hub motors.
In recent years, stator magnetic conductive material structures have been continuously improved. The powder metallurgy material has the advantages of low eddy current loss, isotropy, easiness in manufacturing complex structures and the like, and is often used as a stator material of the hub motor. The oriented silicon steel material has obvious magnetic anisotropy, particularly has extremely low loss and high magnetic permeability along the rolling direction, and has higher utilization value for the axial hub motor with single magnetization direction of the stator core. The analysis shows that: the average torque of the motor based on the oriented silicon steel material is improved by 11.7 percent, and the iron loss is reduced by 15.8 percent.
Chinese patents CN114448151A, CN115589084a and C207753570U provide motors with several different cooling schemes.
CN114448151a discloses a cooling system of a new energy automobile hub motor, wherein a cooling flow passage is arranged in a stator bracket, and cooling medium is filled in the cooling flow passage. The cooling medium of the air conditioning system is used for cooling the hub motor through the cooling channel, so that the energy conservation is good, but the utility model can not reduce the eddy current loss of the rotor and the temperature rise generated by the eddy current loss of the rotor.
CN115589084a discloses an air-cooled motor, wherein a discrete jacket is arranged on the cylindrical inner wall of an outer rotor, and the discrete jackets are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of a rotor core to form a cooling medium channel. And the two ends of the head and the tail of the discrete sheath are provided with a guide body for guiding air flow into the cooling medium channel. The motor can inhibit the eddy current of the rotor and optimize heat dissipation, but cannot form an effective heat dissipation effect on the iron core and the coil of the stator.
CN207753570U discloses a heat radiation structure of wheel hub motor, wherein the heat conducting disc is provided with a plurality of heat conducting strips, the end parts of the heat conducting strips are inserted into the motor stator, the left side of the heat conducting tube is also provided with a plurality of heat radiating fins, and fan blades are also arranged. According to the utility model, heat dissipation is carried out in a mode of combining the radiating fins and air cooling heat dissipation, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. But the radiating effect of the structure is difficult to meet the radiating requirement of the high-power-density hub motor.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the utility model aims to provide an axial magnetic flux yoke-free hub motor with a ceramic air cooling structure, which can solve the technical problem of poor heat dissipation uniformity of the axial magnetic flux yoke-free hub motor. According to the utility model, the heat dissipation requirement of the high-power-density axial magnetic flux yoke-free hub motor is met by arranging the double stators and the outer rotors of the ceramic air cooling structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
an axial magnetic flux yoke-free hub motor with a ceramic air cooling structure comprises a central shaft, a double stator and an outer rotor with the ceramic air cooling structure; the double stators and the outer rotor form an axial magnetic flux segmented iron core closed loop without a magnetic yoke; the double stators are fixed on the central shaft, and the outer rotor is arranged on the outer side of the double stators and is connected with the central shaft through a bearing; the method is characterized in that:
the stator core of the double stator adopts at least one of the following three ceramic air cooling structural models: the stator core is made of silicon steel sheets, ceramic stripes are arranged on the surfaces of the silicon steel sheets, (2) the stator core is made of narrow silicon steel sheets, pores are arranged between the narrow silicon steel sheets, and (3) the stator core is made of a magnetic conduction-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure;
the stator coils of the double stators are at least one of the following two ceramic air cooling structural models: (1) The conductor of the stator coil is provided with a surface ceramic coating film, (2) the stator coil adopts a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure;
permanent magnets are arranged on the outer rotor, and the permanent magnets adopt a ceramic air-cooling connection structure.
Further, the double stators comprise a left stator and a right stator, wherein the left stator and the right stator are spaced and fixedly arranged on the central shaft; the left stator and the right stator comprise the stator core and the stator coil; the outer rotor comprises a left rotor, a right rotor and a middle rotor, and the left rotor is arranged on the outer side of the left stator and is connected with the central shaft through a bearing; the right rotor is arranged on the outer side of the right stator and is connected with the central shaft through a bearing; the left rotor and the right rotor are connected through a shell, and the left stator and the right stator are positioned in the shell; the rotor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell and is positioned between the left stator and the right stator; the inner sides of the left rotor and the right rotor and the middle rotor are respectively provided with the permanent magnets.
Further, in the stator core model (1), ceramic stripes are arranged on the surface of the silicon steel sheet, and the ceramic stripes comprise straight stripes and/or curved stripes. Preferably, ceramic stripes are arranged on the surface of each silicon steel sheet, and the ceramic stripes are arranged between two or more layers of silicon steel sheets at intervals, and the width and thickness of the ceramic stripes are set according to the requirement of cooling temperature.
Further, in the stator core model (1), ceramic coating is carried out on the surface of the silicon steel sheet, the thickness of the coating is 6nm-1mm, and ceramic stripes are arranged.
Further, in the stator core model (2), narrow silicon steel sheets with the width of 1-20mm are arranged, gaps are reserved among the narrow silicon steel sheets, and then the stator core with an air cooling structure is assembled. The width of the narrow silicon steel sheet is set according to the requirement of the cooling temperature.
Further, in the stator core model (2), the stator core is formed by arranging ceramic coating on the surface of a narrow silicon steel sheet and assembling the narrow silicon steel sheet into an air-cooled structure.
Further, in the stator core model (3), the stator core adopts a magnetic conduction-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure, and at least one of the following 3 honeycomb composite materials is adopted: silicon steel fiber-honeycomb ceramic, soft magnetic powder-honeycomb ceramic or silicon steel fiber-soft magnetic powder-honeycomb ceramic composite material (the silicon steel fiber comprises oriented silicon steel fiber), and pore ventilation is arranged in the honeycomb ceramic composite material. The pore density is set according to the cooling temperature requirement.
Further, in the model (1) of the stator coil, ceramic coating is performed on the surface of the conductor of the stator coil, and the thickness of the coating is 6nm-1mm. Air cooling is performed by using holes in the coil.
Further, in the model (2) of the stator coil, the stator coil adopts a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure, the conductor penetrates through the honeycomb ceramic composite material, and ventilation holes are formed in the honeycomb ceramic composite material. The pore density is set according to the cooling temperature requirement.
Further, permanent magnets are respectively installed on the left rotor, the right rotor and the middle rotor through frames, and the permanent magnets adopt at least one of the following three models:
(1) Arranging ceramic stripes between the permanent magnet and the frame, wherein the ceramic stripes comprise straight stripes or curved stripes; preferably, ceramic coating is carried out between the permanent magnet and the frame, the thickness of the coating is 0.1-1mm, and ceramic stripes are arranged; the width and thickness of the ceramic stripes are set according to the requirement of cooling temperature;
(2) A honeycomb ceramic carrier is arranged between the permanent magnet and the frame, and holes are arranged in the honeycomb ceramic carrier for ventilation; setting the pore density according to the requirement of cooling temperature;
(3) The permanent magnet is divided into a plurality of pieces, and a honeycomb ceramic structure is provided in the middle thereof.
Further, turbines are provided on the left rotor and the right rotor of the outer rotor, respectively. The turbine is used for accelerating gas circulation and improving air cooling efficiency.
Further, a ventilation inlet is arranged in the central shaft, and an exhaust outlet is arranged on the shell. Cooling gas is supplied into the machine through the ventilation inlet to exchange heat, and the cooling gas is discharged to the outside from the exhaust outlet.
Further, the axial magnetic flux magnetic-yoke-free wheel hub motor of the ceramic air cooling structure further comprises a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and an outlet of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is communicated with a ventilation inlet of the central shaft. And providing air-cooled gas for the inside of the hub motor by using the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and controlling the cooling temperature by using the vehicle-mounted air conditioner.
The beneficial effects of the utility model mainly include five aspects: 1. the stator core with the ceramic air cooling structure of the special air cooling system is arranged, so that eddy current loss is reduced, and air cooling is performed by using pores of the stator core; in addition, by selecting different magnetic conductive materials, such as silicon steel fibers, oriented silicon steel fibers, soft magnetic powder and the like, the magnetic conductive and heat dissipation performance is optimized. 2. The surface of a conductor in the stator coil adopts a ceramic structure, and air cooling is performed by utilizing the internal pores of the stator coil, so that the temperature of the stator winding is reduced, and the insulation performance of the stator winding is improved. 3. And a ceramic air-cooling connection structure is arranged on the outer rotor permanent magnet, and the eddy current loss is reduced by pore air cooling. 4. And the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is utilized to provide air-cooled gas, control the temperature and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. 5. By arranging the ceramic air cooling structure, a cooling system is provided for the axial magnetic flux block iron core non-yoke motor, and the power density is improved.
For a better understanding and implementation, the present utility model is described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an axial flux yokeless hub motor with a ceramic air-cooled structure according to the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stator core;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stator coil configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a permanent magnet structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a housing structure;
reference numerals: 1-a central axis; 2-left rotor; 3-permanent magnets; 4-stator coils; 5-left stator; 6-stator core; 7-middle rotor; 8-right stator; 9-right rotor; 10-an exhaust outlet; 11-a turbine; 12-a ventilation inlet; 13-bearing; 14-a housing; 15-ceramic coating; 16 ceramic stripes; 17-pore.
Detailed Description
An axial magnetic flux non-yoke hub motor with a ceramic air cooling structure comprises a central shaft 1, a double stator and an outer rotor with the ceramic air cooling structure, wherein the double stator and the outer rotor form an axial magnetic flux segmented iron core non-yoke closed loop; the double stators of the ceramic air cooling structure are fixed on the central shaft 1, and the outer rotors of the ceramic air cooling structure are arranged on the outer sides of the double stators and are connected with the central shaft through bearings 13.
Specifically, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the double stator of the ceramic air cooling structure includes a left stator 5 and a right stator 8, where the left stator 5 and the right stator 8 are spaced apart and fixedly disposed on the central shaft 1; the left stator 5 and the right stator 8 comprise the stator core 6 and the stator coil 4; the outer rotor of the ceramic air cooling structure comprises a left rotor 2, a right rotor 9 and a rotor 7, wherein the left rotor 2 is arranged on the outer side of the left stator 5 and is connected with the central shaft 1 through a bearing 13; the right rotor 9 is arranged on the outer side of the right stator 8 and is connected with the central shaft 1 through a bearing 13; the left rotor 2 and the right rotor 9 are connected through a shell 14, and the left stator 5 and the right stator 8 are positioned in the shell 14; the rotor 7 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell 14 and is positioned between the left stator 5 and the right stator 8; the permanent magnets 3 are arranged on the inner sides of the left rotor 2 and the right rotor 9 and the rotor 7.
The stator core 6 of the double stator adopts at least one of the following three models: the method comprises the steps of (1) arranging ceramic stripes on the surface of a silicon steel sheet, (2) arranging pores between narrow silicon steel sheets, and (3) arranging a magnetic conduction-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the stator core 6 adopts the (1) th model, referring to fig. 2, the stator core 6 adopts a silicon steel sheet stator core, and ceramic stripes 16 are disposed on the surface of the silicon steel sheet; in another embodiment, ceramic coating is performed on the whole surface of the silicon steel sheet, the thickness of the coating is 6nm-1mm, and ceramic stripes are arranged. The ceramic stripes 16 are arranged on the surface of each layer of silicon steel sheet, the ceramic stripes 16 are arranged between two or more layers of silicon steel sheets at intervals, the ceramic stripes 16 are straight stripes, the ceramic stripes 16 are curved stripes, and the width and the thickness of the ceramic stripes 16 are set according to the requirement of cooling temperature. By arranging the ceramic stripes 16, an air cooling channel is formed between the silicon steel sheets, so that eddy current loss between the silicon steel sheets can be greatly reduced, and continuous and effective heat dissipation can be realized.
In other embodiments, the stator core 6 may also employ the (2) th model: the stator core 6 adopts a narrow silicon steel sheet stator core, the width of the narrow silicon steel sheet is 1-20mm, pores are reserved among the narrow silicon steel sheets, and the narrow silicon steel sheet stator core 6 is assembled into the stator core 6 with an air cooling structure; and (3) the method of the model (1) can be combined, ceramic coating is further carried out on the surface of the narrow silicon steel sheet, and the stator core 6 with the air cooling structure is assembled. The ceramic coating film is arranged on the surface of the narrow silicon steel sheet, so that the eddy current loss of the silicon steel sheet can be further reduced.
In other embodiments, the stator core 6 may also adopt the model (3), and the stator core 6 is configured with a magnetic conductive-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure, preferably at least one of the following 3 magnetic conductive-honeycomb ceramic composite materials: silicon steel fiber-honeycomb ceramics, soft magnetic powder-honeycomb ceramics, and silicon steel fiber-soft magnetic powder-honeycomb ceramic composite materials (the silicon steel fibers include oriented silicon steel fibers). The soft magnetic powder has low eddy current loss, the silicon steel fiber can greatly reduce the eddy current loss, the oriented silicon steel fiber has extremely low loss and high magnetic permeability, and the honeycomb ceramic composite material is utilized to set pore ventilation. Through the optimized design, the electromagnetic performance of the stator core 6 can be improved, and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved.
In some embodiments, the stator coil 4 is also a ceramic cool air structure, and the stator coil 4 adopts at least one of the following two models: (1) The conductor of the stator coil 4 is provided with a surface ceramic coating film, and (2) the stator coil 4 is provided with a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure.
In this embodiment, the stator coil 4 adopts the model (1), referring to fig. 3, a ceramic coating 15 is disposed on the surface of the conductor of the stator coil 4, the thickness of the coating 15 is 6nm-1mm, and the air cooling is performed by using the pores inside the stator coil 4.
In other embodiments, the stator coil 4 may also adopt the model (2), the stator coil 4 adopts a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite structure, the conductor penetrates through the honeycomb ceramic, and the pore density is set according to the requirement of cooling temperature.
The stator coil 4 is a main heat source of the hub motor, and the surface ceramic coating is arranged on the conductor of the stator coil 4 or the stator coil 4 is in a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite structure, so that air cooling and heat dissipation of pores can be realized, and the insulation performance is improved.
The permanent magnets 3 are in a ceramic air-cooled connection structure, and in some embodiments, the permanent magnets 3 are mounted on the left rotor 2, the right rotor 9 and the rotor 7 through frames (not shown).
The ceramic air-cooled connection structure of the permanent magnet 3 adopts at least one of the following three models:
in some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the permanent magnet adopts model (1), and ceramic stripes are arranged between the permanent magnet 3 and the frame; specifically, in some embodiments, ceramic coating is performed between the permanent magnet and the frame, the thickness of the coating is 0.1-1mm, and ceramic stripes are provided. The ceramic stripes include straight stripes or curved stripes. The width and thickness of the ceramic stripes are set according to the requirements of cooling temperature.
In other embodiments, the permanent magnet may also be a model (2), in which a honeycomb ceramic carrier is provided between the permanent magnet 3 and the frame, and the holes 17 are provided in the honeycomb ceramic carrier for ventilation. The density of the voids 17 is set according to the cooling temperature requirement.
In other embodiments, the permanent magnet may also be a model of type (3), wherein the permanent magnet 3 is divided into several pieces, and a honeycomb ceramic structure is disposed in the middle, and the air is ventilated through the pores 17.
By adopting at least one of the three model structures, the eddy current loss of the permanent magnet 3 can be reduced, and the running reliability can be improved.
In some cases, referring to fig. 1, turbines 11 are further disposed on the left rotor 2 and the right rotor 9 of the outer rotor, respectively, and the turbines 11 are used for accelerating circulation and improving heat dissipation.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, a ventilation inlet 12 is provided on the central shaft 1, cooling gas can be provided to the machine through the ventilation inlet 12, and referring to fig. 1 and 5, an exhaust outlet 10 is provided on the casing 14.
In some embodiments, the axial magnetic flux yoke-less hub motor of the ceramic air-cooled structure further comprises an on-vehicle air conditioner (not shown), and an outlet of the on-vehicle air conditioner is communicated with the ventilation inlet 12 of the central shaft 1. And providing air-cooled gas for the inside of the hub motor by utilizing the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and controlling the temperature. The air-cooled gas rapidly takes away heat, so that the temperature rise of the motor is reduced, and the long-time stable operation of the motor is ensured.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the utility model, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and the utility model is intended to encompass such modifications and improvements.
Claims (8)
1. An axial magnetic flux yoke-free wheel hub motor of a ceramic air cooling structure is characterized in that: the double-stator and outer rotor comprises a central shaft and a ceramic air cooling structure; the double stators and the outer rotor form an axial magnetic flux segmented iron core closed loop without a magnetic yoke; the double stators are fixed on the central shaft, and the outer rotor is arranged on the outer side of the double stators and is connected with the central shaft through a bearing;
the stator core of the double stator adopts at least one of the following three ceramic air cooling structural models: the stator core is made of silicon steel sheets, ceramic stripes are arranged on the surfaces of the silicon steel sheets, (2) the stator core is made of narrow silicon steel sheets, pores are arranged between the narrow silicon steel sheets, and (3) the stator core is made of a magnetic conduction-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure;
the stator coils of the double stators are at least one of the following two ceramic air cooling structural models: (1) The conductor of the stator coil is provided with a surface ceramic coating film, (2) the stator coil adopts a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure;
permanent magnets are arranged on the outer rotor, and the permanent magnets adopt a ceramic air-cooling connection structure.
2. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 1, wherein: the double stators comprise a left stator and a right stator, and the left stator and the right stator are spaced and fixedly arranged on the central shaft; the left stator and the right stator comprise the stator core and the stator coil; the outer rotor comprises a left rotor, a right rotor and a middle rotor, and the left rotor is arranged on the outer side of the left stator and is connected with the central shaft through a bearing; the right rotor is arranged on the outer side of the right stator and is connected with the central shaft through a bearing; the left rotor and the right rotor are connected through a shell, and the left stator and the right stator are positioned in the shell; the rotor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell and is positioned between the left stator and the right stator; the inner sides of the left rotor and the right rotor and the middle rotor are respectively provided with the permanent magnets.
3. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 1, wherein:
in the stator core model (1), ceramic coating is carried out on the surface of a silicon steel sheet, the thickness of the coating is 6nm-1mm, ceramic stripes are arranged, and the ceramic stripes comprise straight stripes and/or curved stripes;
in a model (2) of the stator core, setting narrow silicon steel sheets with the width of 1-20mm, reserving pores among the narrow silicon steel sheets, and assembling the narrow silicon steel sheets into the stator core with an air cooling structure;
in the stator core model (3), the stator core adopts a magnetic conduction-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure, and adopts at least one of the following 3 honeycomb composite materials: silicon steel fiber-honeycomb ceramic, soft magnetic powder-honeycomb ceramic or silicon steel fiber-soft magnetic powder-honeycomb ceramic composite material, and pore ventilation is arranged in the honeycomb ceramic composite material.
4. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 1, wherein:
in the model (1) of the stator coil, ceramic coating is carried out on the surface of a conductor of the stator coil, and the thickness of the coating is 6nm-1mm;
in the model (2) of the stator coil, the stator coil adopts a conductor-honeycomb ceramic composite material structure, the conductor penetrates through the honeycomb ceramic composite material, and ventilation holes are formed in the honeycomb ceramic composite material.
5. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnets are respectively arranged on the left rotor, the right rotor and the middle rotor through frames, and the permanent magnets adopt at least one of the following three models:
(1) Ceramic coating is carried out between the permanent magnet and the frame, the thickness of the coating is 0.1-1mm, and ceramic stripes are arranged, wherein the ceramic stripes comprise straight stripes or curved stripes;
(2) A honeycomb ceramic carrier is arranged between the permanent magnet and the frame, and holes are arranged in the honeycomb ceramic carrier for ventilation;
(3) The permanent magnet is divided into a plurality of pieces, and a honeycomb ceramic structure is provided in the middle thereof.
6. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 2, wherein: turbines are respectively arranged on the left rotor and the right rotor of the outer rotor.
7. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 2, wherein: the central shaft is internally provided with a ventilation inlet, and the shell is provided with an exhaust outlet.
8. The ceramic air-cooled structured axial flux yoked hub motor of claim 7, wherein: the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is characterized by further comprising a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, wherein an outlet of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is communicated with a ventilation inlet of the central shaft.
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| CN202310236337.1A CN116526722B (en) | 2023-03-10 | 2023-03-10 | Axial magnetic flux magnetic-yoke-free hub motor with ceramic air cooling structure |
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| CN202310236337.1A CN116526722B (en) | 2023-03-10 | 2023-03-10 | Axial magnetic flux magnetic-yoke-free hub motor with ceramic air cooling structure |
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| CN116526722B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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