CN103746485A - Rotor cooling structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Rotor cooling structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103746485A CN103746485A CN201310724028.5A CN201310724028A CN103746485A CN 103746485 A CN103746485 A CN 103746485A CN 201310724028 A CN201310724028 A CN 201310724028A CN 103746485 A CN103746485 A CN 103746485A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a design of a cooling structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein a rotor core of the motor has a smooth-type axial cooling channel and a radial cooling channel, and a certain number of blades are connected at pressure plates at two sides. During operation of the motor, a cooling medium in a housing of the motor flows cyclically through the radial and axial cooling channels under the action of the blades, and a stator and a rotor of the motor are simultaneously cooled by the use of the cooling medium. By the structure, the cooling medium can flow in the axial and radial directions through the stator and the rotor. Especially, the rotor can be cooled uniformly. Thus, a good cooling effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric rotating machine Cooling Design field, particularly there is the permagnetic synchronous motor of rotor cooling structure.Wherein this rotor has the axial cooling duct of smooth type and radial cooling channels, and this structure makes coolant can pass through described stator and rotor in axial and Radial Flow when operation, especially can make rotor Homogeneouslly-radiating everywhere, reaches good cooling effect.
Background technology
Electric drive plant equipment is widely used in the fields such as national defence, space flight, metallurgy at present, particularly in advanced manufacturing field of equipment and high accuracy, controls transmission field, and its power source mostly is the permanent magnet synchronous motor being driven by driving governor.The various advanced technologies such as that the feature of this electric drive system is integrated is mechanical, electric, electronics, control, new material, develop into the product of height electromechanical integration.Have advantages of that speed adjustable range is wide, moment of inertia is little, system effectiveness is high, be easy to realize stepless speed regulation and accurate control.
Along with the development of modern each industrial application, to all technical of drive motors, require more and more higher.In lifting motor capacity, the volume of motor, rotating speed, use temperature rise etc. have been proposed to harsh restrictive condition, so the Cooling Design of drive motors more and more seems important.
The cooling scheme that at present magneto extensively adopts is, the stator of motor carried out to air-cooled or liquid-circulating and force coolingly, and rotor do not had to special cooling provision.The non-uniform air-gap causing due to stator core teeth groove structure and apply the high order harmonic component composition in electric current, causes containing a large amount of harmonic waves in magneto air-gap field, and this will produce high frequency supplementary load loss in motor stator and rotor iron core; Simultaneously because magnet steel is electric conductor, so high order harmonic component also can produce eddy current loss in magnet steel, and these supplementary load loss have not only reduced the efficiency of motor, have increased heating and the temperature rise level of motor, and bring risk to the long-term stability operation of motor.
Because air gap between permanent magnet machine rotor and stator is narrow and small, axial flow of air in air gap is difficult, makes the cooling difficulty of rotor, can produce the serious problem of heating, this will make epitrochanterian magnetic steel material loss of excitation under long term high temperature, reduces the output usefulness of motor; In addition, rotor core heating is serious, and heat is delivered on rotating shaft and bearing, will affect the useful life of bearing, and makes rotating shaft produce thermal deformation, affects the service behaviour of motor, causes motor oscillating violent, and noise is serious.So in magneto, particularly, in the magneto of high power density, epitrochanterian heating problem needs emphasis to consider, the cooling structure design of rotor is also very important.
Application number is the patent of ZL200610095805.4, mentions the electromotor cooling system structure with center rotor cooling water pipe, but this structure on rotor core with spoon shape body, be arranged in rotor core lower face, be not suitable for the permagnetic synchronous motor of surface-mount type.Application number is the patent of ZL201010184819.X, mention the high-speed electric expreess locomotive structure with rotor cooling structure, but this structure is only provided with axial ventilation hole on rotor core, although can play certain cooling effect on rotor, but this kind of structure can only play better cooling effect to the minitype permanent magnetism motor of finite length, for the larger permagnetic synchronous motor of capacity, for example rotor axial length surpasses 300mm or larger, long rotor will the axial cooling duct of restricted passage cooling medium consumption, cause rotor axial length uneven in temperature.Application number is the patent of ZL201010136949.6, mention the automatic inner-cooling rotor structure of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor, to utilize Surface Mount magnet steel and permanent magnet sheath to form axial ventilation duct, be only applicable to surface-mount type permagnetic synchronous motor, and radial cooling channels is not set, has long rotor axial length problem uneven in temperature yet.Application number is the patent of ZL200780033194.3, mention the cooling structure for the rotor radial ventilation duct of motor excitation winding, also utilized axial cooling duct, but the magnet steel surface and the sheath that do not apply to surface-mounted permanent magnet machine form available ventilation road, lack to magnetic steel of magnetoelectric machine the placement design on rotor-position, therefore need on rotor structure, improve Design of ventilation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome prior art deficiency, by improving motor cooling, arranges, effectively improves the cooling effect of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention has been to provide a kind of rotor cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: be included in the rotor axial cooling duct of a plurality of smooth types and the rotor radial cooling duct of a plurality of smooth types that segmentation vertically distributes of the radial radiation type distribution forming in rotor core, be also included in a plurality of stator radial cooling channels that the interior radial radiation type a plurality of stator shaft orientations cooling duct forming of stator core and segmentation vertically distribute; On rotor core two side guides, have a plurality of ventilation holes, and on two side guides, be connected with respectively multi-disc slim vane, slim vane is followed the rotor core rear drive coolant circulation in the cavity of permagnetic synchronous motor that rotatablely moves, coolant passes through rotor axial cooling duct and rotor radial cooling duct cooled rotor iron core in circulation process, meanwhile, coolant passes through stator shaft orientation cooling duct and the cooling stator core of stator radial cooling channels in circulation process; At the outer wall of stator core and the housing contact position of permagnetic synchronous motor, be formed with channel structure, by the direct cooling stator core of the coolant in channel structure, and the coolant in the cavity of indirect cooling permagnetic synchronous motor.
Preferably, described rotor radial cooling duct and described stator radial cooling channels positioned opposite, and separate.
Preferably, described rotor axial cooling duct is in described rotor core or be parallel to rotor axis, or favour rotor axis, and shrink from described rotor core both ends of the surface toward center flare in the cross section of described rotor axial cooling duct, in the center of described rotor core, is provided with every windshield plate.
Preferably, described rotor axial cooling duct or described stator shaft orientation cooling duct are uniformly distributed around central shaft at circumference.
Preferably, the number of the ventilation hole of offering on described rotor two side guides is identical with the number of described rotor axial cooling duct, and its aperture is greater than the rotor axial cooling duct on described rotor core end face.
Preferably, described ventilation hole or arrange perpendicular to described pressing plate end face, or be obliquely installed to described rotor core direction of rotation.
Preferably, described slim vane be shaped as class rectangle or class fan-shaped, its mounting means is FC or radial or BI.
Preferably, in described rotor core, be placed with magnet steel, its modes of emplacement or be surface-mount type or for built-in type.
Preferably, in the rotating shaft of permagnetic synchronous motor, be fixed with tube-axial fan impeller.
Preferably, in the outside of described stator shaft orientation cooling duct, be provided with deep bead.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the cooling structure for permagnetic synchronous motor of the present invention is provided with radial and axial cooling duct on motor stator and rotor, and at two side guide places, is connected with the slim blade of some.Motor is when rotary work, in electric machine casing, coolant is under the effect of blade, through radial and axial cooling duct, circulate, simultaneously cooling to the stator and rotor of motor by coolant, reduced the risk that the at high temperature long-term work of motor stator and rotor brings, extend the useful life of motor, and can improve the task performance of motor.
2, the housing overcoat of motor has water channel, direct cooling stator better, and indirectly reduced the temperature of coolant in cavity, be more conducive to the cooling effect of whole motor.
3, rotor axial cooling duct in the axial direction area be variable, it can be the distribution of paralleling to the axis, also can be that tilt axis distributes, the cooling duct that area changes with axial location can reduce because the pressure head that rotor core is long and radial passage shunting brings is inadequate and air quantity problem on the low side, and rotor center position can obtain the cooling effect close with both sides, make rotor whole cold and hot even, avoid the risk of rotor core distortion and magnetic steel material loss of excitation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is permagnetic synchronous motor overall structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is conventional non-refrigerated rotor structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation described in embodiment 5;
In figure, each label indicates: 1, and housing; 2, channel structure; 3, stator core; 4, stator shaft orientation cooling duct; 5, stator radial cooling channels; 6, air gap; 7, rotor core; 8, rotor radial cooling duct; 9, stator pressing plate; 10, stator coil end; 11, deep bead; 12, front end housing; 13, impeller assembly; 14, fore bearing assembly; 15, rotating shaft; 16, radiating ribs; 17, slim vane; 18, pressing plate; 19, rotor axial cooling duct; 20, windshield; 21, external fan; 22, rear end cap; 23, rear bearing assembly.
Embodiment
For the present invention is become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 represents of the present invention a kind of for the cooling structure example of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor, comprises housing 1, stator core 3, rotor core 7, front end housing 12, rear end cap 22, fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23 etc.Stator core 3 is sheathed in housing 1; Magnet steel fixed placement is in rotor core 7, and with two side guides 18 at axial restraint, rotor core 7 is fixed on machine shaft 15, forms rotor assembly.Rotor core 7 is sheathed in stator core 3, and front end housing 12, rear end cap 22, fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23 forms respectively front and back cavity with housing 1, the perforation of can flowing in cavity of internal cooling medium.During motor operation, the rectangle or the fan-shaped slim vane 17 that by the thickness on two side guides 18, are about 0.5～5mm drive inner coolant to flow by rotatablely moving, to reach the effect of cooling stator winding end 10, rotating shaft 15 and fore bearing assembly 14 and rear bearing assembly 23, the number of slim vane 17 and size can air quantity and pressure head as required be optimized design, to reach the intact requirement that cooling power is provided, avoid increasing because designing unreasonable mechanical oscillation and the noise of causing simultaneously.The rotor axial cooling duct 19 of a plurality of smooth types of radial radiation type distribution and the rotor radial cooling duct 8 of a plurality of smooth types of the distribution of segmentation vertically in rotor core 7 interior formation, in rotor core 7, every 30～80mm length, a rotor radial cooling duct 8 can be set, width is generally at 5～15mm.A plurality of stator shaft orientations cooling duct 4 of radial radiation type distribution and a plurality of stator radial cooling channels 5 of the distribution of segmentation vertically in stator core 3 interior formation, in stator core 3, every 30～80mm length, a stator radial cooling channels 5 can be set, stator radial cooling channels 5 width are generally at 5～15mm.Slim vane 17 is followed the rotor core 7 rear drive coolant circulation in the cavity of permagnetic synchronous motor that rotatablely moves, coolant passes through rotor axial cooling duct 19 and rotor radial cooling duct 8 cooled rotor iron cores 7 in circulation process, meanwhile, coolant passes through stator shaft orientation cooling duct 4 and the cooling stator core 3 of stator radial cooling channels 5 in circulation process.
Meanwhile, at the outer wall of stator core 3 and the housing of permagnetic synchronous motor 1 contact position, be formed with channel structure 2, the flow of cooling medium in channel structure 2 starts building to do, direct cooling stator core 3, indirectly coolant in cooling motor cavity.By flowing of interior cooling medium outside, before and after making, the radiating effect of cavity is basically identical.Such wind path project organization, not only makes stator 3 that caloric value is larger obtain well cooling, and makes caloric value rotor 7 less but that can have a strong impact on magnet steel service behaviour obtain cooling; Meanwhile, improved the heating situation at rotating shaft 15 and fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23 places, and then guarantee that machinery stable between fore bearing assembly 14, rear bearing assembly 23 and front end housing 12, rear end cap 22, housing 1 coordinates distance, improve the rotation dynamic balancing degree of rotor assembly part, motor oscillating amplitude is reduced.
In the present embodiment, rotor radial cooling duct 8 can cannot not be oppositely arranged staggeredly with stator radial cooling channels 5, to reduce flow resistance; Stator shaft orientation cooling duct 4 is uniformly distributed on circumference, and concrete quantity and size can be determined according to the size of stator core 3; Rotor axial cooling duct 19 is uniformly distributed on circumference, concrete quantity and size can be determined according to the size of rotor core 7, rotor axial cooling duct 19 can be to parallel to the axis, also can be to favour rotor axis, and shrink from rotor core 7 both ends of the surface toward center flare in cross section, cooling duct, rotatablely moving of the slim vane 17 by two pressing plate 18 outsides forms the air-supply effect of centrifugal fan.
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: channel structure 2 can be to have spirality channel or " S " type water channel, and concrete selection can determine according to the installation site of cooling required flow, flow velocity and paddle hole.
Embodiment 3
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: in rotating shaft 15, lay fixed axis streaming blast fan 13, with meet may needs cooling air quantity, concrete selection can determine according to the installation dimension of motor and locus demand and cooling effect result of calculation.
Embodiment 4
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: in 4 outsides, stator shaft orientation cooling duct, be processed with deep bead 11, when the interior coolant of motor cavity is flowed, air-flow can reduce flow resistance when entering or flow out cooling duct, to strengthen ventilation effect.
Embodiment 5
In conjunction with Fig. 3, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: rotor axial cooling duct 19 is parallel to rotor axis, and its channel cross-sectional area is constant.
Embodiment 6
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: described electric machine casing 1 is outer can be radiating ribs 16 structures, and housing adopts the cooling or outer air distribution of nature to fan 21 air blast coolings.
Above-mentioned is illustration of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any form and structural restriction.Although the present invention indicates as above with structural member figure preferably, yet not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in the situation that not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, can utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement and explanation to make multiple possible change.So every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification of above illustration being done according to the technology of the present invention essence, equivalent variations etc., all should drop in technical solution of the present invention protection range.
Claims (10)
1. the rotor cooling structure of a permagnetic synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: be included in the rotor axial cooling duct (19) of a plurality of smooth types and the rotor radial cooling duct (8) of a plurality of smooth types that segmentation vertically distributes of the radially radial pattern distribution of formation in rotor core (7), be also included in a plurality of stator shaft orientations cooling duct (4) of the radial radiation type distribution forming in stator core (3) and a plurality of stator radial cooling channels (5) of the distribution of segmentation vertically; on rotor core (7) two side guides (18), have a plurality of ventilation holes, and on two side guides (18), be connected with respectively multi-disc slim vane (17), slim vane (17) is followed rotor core (7) the rear drive coolant circulation in the cavity of permagnetic synchronous motor that rotatablely moves, coolant passes through rotor axial cooling duct (19) and rotor radial cooling duct (8) cooled rotor iron core (7) in circulation process, simultaneously, coolant passes through stator shaft orientation cooling duct (4) and the cooling stator core of stator radial cooling channels (5) (3) in circulation process, at the outer wall of stator core (3) and housing (1) contact position of permagnetic synchronous motor, be formed with channel structure (2), by the direct cooling stator core of coolant (3) in channel structure (2), and the coolant in the cavity of indirect cooling permagnetic synchronous motor.
2. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotor radial cooling duct (8) and described stator radial cooling channels (5) positioned opposite, and separate.
3. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rotor axial cooling duct (19) is in described rotor core (7) or be parallel to rotor axis, or favour rotor axis, and shrink from described rotor core (7) both ends of the surface toward center flare in the cross section of described rotor axial cooling duct (19), in the center of described rotor core (7), is provided with every windshield plate.
4. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotor axial cooling duct (19) or described stator shaft orientation cooling duct (4) are uniformly distributed around central shaft at circumference.
5. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number of the ventilation hole of offering on described rotor two side guides (18) is identical with the number of described rotor axial cooling duct (19), and its aperture is greater than the rotor axial cooling duct (19) on described rotor core (7) end face.
6. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described ventilation hole or perpendicular to described pressing plate (18) end face setting, or be obliquely installed to described rotor core (7) direction of rotation.
7. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described slim vane (17) be shaped as class rectangle or class fan-shaped, its mounting means is FC or radial or BI.
8. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described rotor core (7), be placed with magnet steel, its modes of emplacement or be surface-mount type or be built-in type.
9. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the rotating shaft (15) of permagnetic synchronous motor, be fixed with tube-axial fan impeller (13).
10. the rotor cooling structure of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the outside of described stator shaft orientation cooling duct (4), be provided with deep bead (11).
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| CN201310724028.5A CN103746485B (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | A kind of cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor |
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| CN201310724028.5A CN103746485B (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | A kind of cooling structure of permagnetic synchronous motor |
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| CN103746485B CN103746485B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN113519107A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2021-10-19 | Lg电子株式会社 | Rotor and motor provided with the same |
| CN110474485A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-19 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of high-speed motor cooling system |
| WO2021120430A1 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Integrated electric motor cooling structure and electric motor |
| CN111224488A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-02 | 重庆文理学院 | Rotor of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN113644784A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-12 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Oil cooling driving motor and automobile |
| CN113991906A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | High-power high-speed permanent magnet motor rotor and cooling method thereof |
| CN116865473A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-10-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Helical-tooth internal-cooling permanent magnet motor with mixed magnetic steel embedded |
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| CN103746485B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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