WO2019202768A1

WO2019202768A1 - Axial gap dynamo electrical machine

Info

Publication number: WO2019202768A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/044127
Authority: WO
Inventors: 博洋床井; 佐藤　大祐; 憲一相馬; 三上　浩幸
Original assignee: 株式会社日立産機システム
Priority date: 2018-04-18
Filing date: 2018-11-30
Publication date: 2019-10-24
Also published as: CN111566915A; JP2019193322A; CN111566915B; JP7139138B2

Abstract

An axial gap dynamo electrical machine, having: a stator, having teeth, which are iron cores around which a winding is wound, and a yoke, which is an iron core separated from the teeth; a rotor disposed so that a gap is present between the stator and the rotor in the rotary axis direction; a first fixation part, in which the teeth, the windings, and a housing provided around the stator are fixed by a resin; and a second fixation part that fixes the yoke and the housing.

Description

Axial gap type rotating electrical machine

The present invention relates to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, and more particularly to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine characterized by a stator.

There is known an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a stator and a rotor face each other through a predetermined gap in the direction of the rotation axis. The axial gap type rotating electric machine is suitable for high power density and high efficiency because the opposing area of the stator and the rotor per physique can be increased in a thin (flat) structure. In addition, there are a plurality of combinations of a stator and a rotor in the same rotating electric machine, but in a structure in which the stator is sandwiched from two disk-shaped rotors in the axial direction (hereinafter referred to as “two rotor-1 stator type”). The stator core can have a simple columnar structure.

Patent Document 1 is known as a prior art of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine. Patent Document 1 discloses a divided structure of a yoke and a winding magnetic core (tooth). Since division requires holding against magnetic attractive force and torque reaction force, an engagement groove is provided in the division surface, and the yoke and the teeth are mechanically fastened.

JP 2010-29017 A

In the technique of Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to provide an engaging groove in the yoke, a machining operation is required and costs are increased. By the way, if the components of the 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine and the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which one rotor and the stator are arranged to face each other can be shared, Cost can be reduced. For example, it is conceivable to apply a two-rotor structure to a high-output specification and a one-rotor structure to a low-output specification. Furthermore, in a rotating electrical machine, since the cost ratio occupied by permanent magnets is large, the cost can be reduced by using one rotor.

However, in the 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the structure is a columnar iron core. In the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the structure is an iron core composed of teeth and a yoke. Because of this difference, parts were not shared between different types of axial gap type rotating electrical machines.

An object of the present invention is to provide an axial gap type rotating electrical machine that reduces costs by eliminating the need for machining work for separating yokes and teeth, and by sharing an iron core between different types of axial gap rotating electrical machines.

A preferred example of the present invention is a stator having a tooth which is an iron core around which a winding is wound, a yoke which is an iron core separated from the tooth, and a stator and a rotation axis which are arranged via a gap. A first fixing portion in which a rotor, the teeth, the windings, and a housing provided around the stator are fixed with resin, and a second fixing for fixing the yoke and the housing. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine having a portion.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost by eliminating the need for machining work for separating the yoke and the teeth and sharing the iron core between different types of axial gap rotating electrical machines.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an internal configuration diagram illustrating a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a first embodiment. FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram showing a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine of Example 2. FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram illustrating a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a third embodiment. FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram illustrating a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is an internal configuration diagram illustrating a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 9 is an internal configuration diagram illustrating a control device-integrated 1-rotor-1 stator-type axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 9 is an internal configuration diagram illustrating a mechanical device-integrated 1-rotor-1 stator-type axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a seventh embodiment. FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram showing a 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine of a comparative example. FIG. 5 is an internal configuration diagram showing a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine of a comparative example. It is an internal block diagram at the time of applying to the type | mold axial gap type rotary electric machine of 1 rotor-2 stator.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are internal configuration diagrams of a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 according to the first embodiment. FIG.1 (b) is the exploded view which shifted the component of Fig.1 (a) to the axial direction.

In the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), an annular ring is formed on the inner periphery of a housing 300 having a substantially cylindrical inner diameter. The stator 100 having a donut shape is fixed. The rotor 200 has a disk shape including a permanent magnet 210 and a yoke 220. The permanent magnets 210 are magnetized in the rotation axis direction 101, and a plurality of permanent magnets 210 are arranged in the circumferential direction so that the magnetic pole directions of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. Permanent magnet 210 is coupled to yoke 220. The magnetized surface of the rotor 200 faces the stator via a predetermined gap in the rotation axis direction 101. The rotor 200 is connected so as to rotate together with the shaft 500. The outer side of the shaft in the rotation axis direction is connected to the end bracket 400 via a bearing 600. The end bracket 400 is fixed to both end portions of the housing 300, and supports the rotor 200 to be rotatable. In the stator 100, an iron core 110 and a bobbin 130 covering the outer periphery of the iron core and a winding 120 wound around the bobbin 130 are arranged in an annular shape, and are fixed to the housing 300 integrally with a mold resin 140. .

Further, the iron core 110 of the stator 100 is divided into a tooth 111 and a yoke 112, and the tooth 111 is fixed to the housing 300 together with the bobbin 130 and the winding 120 by a mold resin 140. The teeth 111 and the yoke 112 are divided by a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. The teeth 111 have a trapezoidal column shape in cross section, and the yoke 112 has a ring shape. A convex step 113 is provided on the outer periphery of the yoke 112 on the stator 100 side, and is fixed to a step 301 provided on the inner periphery of the housing 300. The step portion 301 serves to determine the position of the yoke 112 in the rotation axis direction 101. It is possible to provide a desired gap in the rotation axis direction 101 between the tooth 111 and the yoke 112 by adjusting the dimension of the stepped portion 113.

The operation of the thus configured 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine will be described below with reference to a motor as an example. First, an alternating current flowing through a winding via an inverter or the like generates a rotating magnetic field. Torque is generated by attracting and repelling the DC magnetic field of the rotor formed by the permanent magnet and the rotating magnetic field of the coil.

Next, a 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 1000 as a comparative example will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). A description will be given centering on differences from FIG. The magnetized surfaces of the rotor 200 are opposed to both end surfaces in the rotation axis direction of the stator via a predetermined gap. In the stator 100, an iron core 110, a bobbin 130 covering the outer periphery of the iron core, and a winding 120 wound around the bobbin are annularly arranged. The housing 300 and the stator 100 are integrally fixed by a mold resin 140. It has come to be. Note that the annularly arranged iron cores may be integrally resin-molded and then fixed to the housing 300 with bolts or the like.

In this rotating electrical machine, since the iron core 110 can be configured in a simple column shape, it is possible to apply a low-loss material such as amorphous metal or nanocrystal, which is difficult to press punch. Ideally, the iron core is attracted to both rotors 200 with equal force, so that no axial load is applied to the stator 100.

9A and 9B, a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 as a comparative example will be described. The 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 is configured by a single rotor 200 by using an iron core 110 including a tooth 111 and a yoke 112 as a stator 100. The iron core is held by fastening the yoke 112 to the end bracket 400. While the amount of use of the rotor 200 including the permanent magnet 210 can be reduced by a factor of 2, the shape of the iron core becomes complicated, making it difficult to apply low-loss materials that are difficult to process. Further, since the iron core is unilaterally sucked toward the rotor 200, it needs to be firmly held. Even in the configuration of Patent Document 1, the yoke and the teeth are engaged, and similarly to the configuration of FIG. 9, the yoke 200 is unilaterally sucked to the rotor 200 side, so that it needs to be firmly held. Furthermore, since the inductance is greatly increased, the voltage increases if the winding specifications are the same as those of the 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 1000 as the comparative example.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the configurations of the iron core and the like of the 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 1000 as the comparative example and the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 are different. It cannot be shared as it is.

Next, the effect of Example 1 will be described. First, in the configuration of the first embodiment, the iron core is composed of the simple columnar teeth 111 and the ring-shaped yoke 112, and therefore can be manufactured by simple processing. Further, since the independent teeth 111 are molded integrally with the bobbin 130 and the winding 120, it is easy to assemble. Further, the teeth 111 of the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 of the first embodiment can be shared with the 2 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type motor.

In the first embodiment, the first fixing portion that fixes the tooth 111, the winding 120, and the housing 300 via the resin layer, the yoke 112, and the housing 300 are also provided with respect to the attractive force that is a demerit due to the division. It is fixed using means different from the second fixing part for fixing the part in contact. Therefore, the teeth 111 are difficult to attract in the direction of the rotor 200 and in the direction of the yoke 112. Accordingly, since the force applied to the rotor 200 as a whole is reduced, the shearing force acting on the resin portion supporting the teeth 111, particularly the interface with the housing 300, is reduced. As a result, the life of the resin part can be extended.

Also, the effective magnetic flux and inductance can be adjusted by changing the gap between the teeth 111 and the yoke 112. When the winding is designed exclusively as a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type motor, the effective magnetic flux can be maximized by reducing the gap as much as possible. On the other hand, when the 2-rotor-1 stator type axial gap type motor and the winding are used in common, it is possible to suppress an increase in voltage by enlarging the gap and reducing the inductance.

Note that the teeth 111 and the yoke 112 of the present embodiment may be magnetic materials having high insulating properties, such as electromagnetic steel plates, amorphous metals, nanocrystal materials laminated in the radial direction, or pressure-distributed magnetic cores. It's okay. In particular, soft-workable amorphous metals and nanocrystal materials have a great effect of applying this embodiment because it is difficult to manufacture a complicated shape while ensuring high mass productivity.

The teeth 111, the bobbin 130, and the winding 120 of the first embodiment are fixed integrally with the housing 300 by mold resin, but are fixed separately from the housing 300 by mold resin and then fastened to the housing 300 with bolts or the like. May be. The yoke 112 is fixed to the stepped portion 301 of the housing 300, but may be fixed to the rotation axis direction 101, and may be fixed by a bolt or a screw.

In the first embodiment, the example of sharing the teeth in the 2-rotor-1 stator and the 1-rotor-1 stator axial gap type motor is shown, but the present invention can be applied to other configurations. For example, the stator 100 of this embodiment may be applied to a stator of one rotor and two stators in which one disk rotor is sandwiched between two stators from the axial direction.

The second embodiment will be described below. Descriptions overlapping with those in the first embodiment are omitted.
FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are internal configuration diagrams of a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 2B is an exploded view in which the components in FIG. 2A are shifted in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the yoke 112 is divided into a peripheral portion facing the teeth 111 and other portions, and the periphery of the teeth 111 is a magnetic body having high insulation as the yoke 112, that is, an electromagnetic steel plate, an amorphous metal, a nanocrystalline material, etc. Are laminated in the radial direction, or a dust core. On the other hand, the other parts are made of iron, SUS, aluminum, resin, or the like as the holding member 150 that holds the yoke 112. On the outer periphery of the holding member 150, a step portion 151 that is convex in the rotation axis direction 101 is provided, and is fixed to the step portion 301 of the housing 300 here.

With this structure, it is not necessary to provide a step portion on the yoke 112, and a simple ring shape with a constant thickness can be obtained. Thereby, manufacture of the yoke 112 becomes easy. Further, even when the yoke 112 has a laminated structure such as a wound iron core, mechanical holding is facilitated. As a result, it becomes easy to use a difficult-to-process amorphous metal or nanocrystal material as the yoke 112, and high efficiency can be achieved.

As in the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the example of sharing the teeth in the 2-rotor-1 stator and the 1-rotor-1 stator axial gap type motor is shown, but the present invention can be applied to other configurations. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the stator of this embodiment is placed on the stator of one rotor-2 stator 3000 in which one disk rotor is sandwiched between two stators in the axial direction. May be applied. Here, FIG.10 (b) is the exploded view which shifted the component of Fig.10 (a) to the axial direction. In this motor configuration, it is necessary to form the magnetic poles of the rotor on the surface facing each stator. In this figure, magnetic poles are formed on both sides of the rotor by supporting the side surfaces of the magnet magnetized in the direction of the rotation axis with holding members. In the present embodiment, any motor including a stator core including at least teeth and a yoke may be used, and the combination of the rotor and the stator is arbitrary. The same applies to the following embodiments.

Example 3 will be described below. Descriptions overlapping with those in the first embodiment are omitted. FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are internal configuration diagrams of the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 of the third embodiment. FIG. 3B is an exploded view in which the components in FIG. 3A are shifted in the axial direction. In the third embodiment, the holding member 150 and the end bracket 400 are shared, and the holding member 150 is disposed as an end bracket 400 at the end of the housing.

本 This structure reduces the number of parts, so the cost can be reduced. Since the work in the housing 300 becomes unnecessary, the assembling property is improved. It is also possible to make the motor thinner.

Example 4 will be described below. Descriptions overlapping with those in the first embodiment are omitted. FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine of the fourth embodiment.

In an inverter-driven motor, a common mode voltage is electrostatically coupled from the winding to the rotor 200, thereby generating a voltage between the inner and outer rings of the bearing (hereinafter referred to as shaft voltage). When this shaft voltage is increased, dielectric breakdown of the oil film due to discharge is caused, resulting in damage to the bearing surface and a decrease in bearing life.

Up to now, the electric wire drawn from the winding 120 has been wound around in the circumferential direction in the space between the rotor 200 and the housing 300 as a connecting wire 121. In this case, it is known that the voltage of the connecting wire 121 is also electrostatically coupled to the side surface of the rotor 200 and becomes an increase factor of the shaft voltage.

Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, a groove for disposing the connecting wire 121 is provided between the holding member 150 and the housing 300 in a direction opposite to the rotor 200 side and away from the rotor 200. The crossover line 121 is arranged. With this structure, the shaft voltage is reduced and the life of the bearing can be extended.

Example 5 will be described below. Descriptions overlapping with those in the first embodiment are omitted. FIG. 5A is an internal configuration diagram of a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 5B is an enlarged view around the heat conductor 160 of FIG.
In the present embodiment, the heat conductor 160 is disposed in the gap between the tooth 111 and the yoke 112.

This structure reduces the thermal resistance from the teeth 111 to the yoke 112. Thereby, heat dissipation improves from the coil | winding which is a main heat source. As a result, it is possible to improve the output, increase the efficiency, and reduce the size of the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000.

Since the magnetic flux interlinks in the gap, the heat conductor is preferably formed of a non-conductive member. For example, a thin plate electromagnetic SUS, a heat conductive sheet such as silicone or ceramic, a silicone adhesive, or the like may be used. Further, when a gap is positively provided to reduce inductance, a non-magnetic heat conductor is desirable, so a heat conductive sheet such as silicone or ceramic, a silicone adhesive, or the like may be used.

Hereinafter, Example 6 will be described. Descriptions overlapping with those in the first embodiment are omitted. FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram of the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 according to the sixth embodiment. In the present embodiment, the control device 700 used for driving the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 is arranged on the side opposite to the stator 100 with respect to the holding member 150.

With this structure, the control device 700 shown by hatching and the 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 can be configured more compactly. Further, since the control device is housed in the rotating electric machine covered with the housing 300 and the end bracket 400, the dust proof and waterproof measures for each control device are not required. Since the wiring between the control device and the rotating electrical machine is reduced, radiation noise is reduced and costs are reduced.

Example 7 will be described below. Descriptions overlapping with those in the first embodiment are omitted. FIG. 7 is an internal configuration diagram of a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000 according to the seventh embodiment. In this embodiment, the mechanical device is arranged at the tip of the rotor 200 and functions as a motor, and a 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine 2000, and a scroll shown by hatching as an example of the mechanical device. The compression mechanism 800 of the air compressor is integrated.

This structure makes it possible to make the machine and motor more compact. In the present embodiment, the compression mechanism of the scroll air compressor is integrated, but other mechanical devices such as a fan and a pump may be integrated.

2000 1 rotor-1 stator type axial gap type rotating electrical machine, 100 stator, 110 iron core, 111 teeth, 112 yoke, 113 stepped portion, 120 winding, 121 crossover, 140 mold resin, 150 holding member, 151 stepped portion, 160 heat conductor, 200 rotor, 220 yoke, 300 housing, 301 step, 400 end bracket, 500 shaft

Claims

A stator including a tooth that is an iron core wound with a winding, and a yoke that is an iron core separated from the tooth;
The stator and a rotor disposed via a gap in the direction of the rotation axis;
A first fixing portion in which the teeth, the windings, and a housing provided around the stator are fixed with resin;
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine having a second fixing portion for fixing the yoke and the housing.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The axial gap rotating electric machine according to claim 2, wherein the second fixing portion is fixed in contact with a step portion provided on the housing and a step portion of the yoke.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine comprising a holding member for holding the yoke and fixing the holding member to the housing.
4. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the holding member is disposed at an end of the housing as an end bracket.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine characterized in that a connecting wire in which a lead wire from the winding is arranged in a circumferential direction of the housing is arranged in a direction opposite to the rotor.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine, wherein a heat conductor is disposed between the teeth and the yoke.
The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein a control device used for driving is disposed on the side opposite to the stator with respect to the holding member.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine, wherein a mechanical device is coupled to the tip of the rotor.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The teeth or the yoke is formed of a material selected from low-loss materials such as amorphous metals and nanocrystals.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine characterized in that the teeth can be shared by different types such as a 2-rotor-1 stator type or a 1-rotor-1 stator type.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine characterized in that the winding can be shared by different types such as a 2-rotor-1 stator type or a 1-rotor-1 stator type.
In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine characterized by being shared by different types by changing a gap formed between the tooth and the yoke by the second fixing portion.