CN116490642A - 带涂层的卫浴部件和用于涂装卫浴部件的方法 - Google Patents

带涂层的卫浴部件和用于涂装卫浴部件的方法 Download PDF

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CN116490642A
CN116490642A CN202280007687.4A CN202280007687A CN116490642A CN 116490642 A CN116490642 A CN 116490642A CN 202280007687 A CN202280007687 A CN 202280007687A CN 116490642 A CN116490642 A CN 116490642A
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coating
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copper
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C·齐默曼
A·布卢门伯格
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Grohe AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/58—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
    • C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • C25D7/04—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有带外层(3)的涂层(2)的卫浴部件(1)，其中，外层(3)至少部分地由铜或铜合金构成。此外还提出一种用于涂装卫浴部件(1)的方法。

Description

带涂层的卫浴部件和用于涂装卫浴部件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带涂层的卫浴部件和一种用于涂装卫浴部件的方法。卫浴部件尤其可以是用于卫浴设备配件的部件，借助于该部件尤其可以将液体输送至洗手池、淋浴器、浴缸和/或坐便器。
背景技术
卫浴设备配件通常具有操作元件形式的卫浴部件，例如操纵杆、操纵开关和/或操纵按钮，用户在使用时会接触这些部件。这会导致细菌和/或病毒聚集在操作元件上，从而导致疾病。为了防止细菌和/或病毒传播给不同的用户，通常必须对操作元件进行高成本地消毒。当卫浴设备配件安装在医院或老年人居住设施中时，情况尤其如此。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是至少部分地解决根据现有技术所描述的问题，并且尤其是给出一种卫浴部件，借助于该卫浴部件可以至少部分地减少消毒成本。此外，还给出一种用于涂装卫浴部件的方法，通过该方法至少可以减少卫浴部件的消毒成本。
这些目的通过根据独立权利要求的特征的卫浴部件和方法实现。在从属权利要求中给出本发明的其他有利的实施方案。应指出，在从属权利要求中单独列出的特征可以以任何技术上有意义的方式相互组合，并定义本发明的其他实施方案。此外，在说明书中进一步详述和阐释在权利要求中给出的特征，并示出本发明的其他优选实施方案。
为此使用一种具有带外层的涂层的卫浴部件，其中，外层至少部分地由铜或铜合金构成/制成。
卫浴部件尤其是用于卫浴设备配件的卫浴部件。卫浴设备配件尤其用于为洗手池、厨房水槽、淋浴器、浴缸和/或坐便器按需提供液体，尤其是水。此外，这种卫浴设备配件可用于混合冷水和热水以形成具有所需混合水温度的混合水和/或用于定量配给混合水。在已知的卫浴设备配件中，混合水可以例如经由在卫浴设备配件的壳体中的至少一个液体通道从混合阀引导至壳体的流出口。卫浴部件例如可以用于设定混合水温度和/或设定水或混合水的输出量。当将卫浴部件用于坐便器时，例如可以通过操作卫浴部件来冲坐便器。此外，卫浴部件尤其可以是用于供水和/或废水处理的技术部件。尤其地，卫浴部件可用于向洗手池、厨房水槽、淋浴器、浴缸和/或坐便器按需供水。此外，卫浴部件可以是用于这种技术部件和/或卫浴设备配件的壳体或操纵元件，例如操纵杆、操纵按钮、操纵板和/或旋钮。
卫浴部件具有至少部分地涂装涂层的表面。涂层可由(完全或部分)重叠的多个单层构成和/或具有约1nm(纳米)至约20μm(微米)的层厚度。涂层的外层(例如包括面向环境或与环境接触的表面)至少部分地由铜或铜合金构成。如果涂层具有多个层，则外层尤其是最上层或离基材最远的一层。这尤其可以意味着在外层上不再有涂层的其他层。此外，这尤其可以意味着外层(直接地)接触卫浴部件的外部环境和/或卫浴部件的使用者可以接触外层。涂层、涂层的各个层和/或外层尤其电镀沉积在卫浴部件的表面上。涂层、涂层的各个层和/或外层尤其不是通过物理气相沉积形成或产生。铜合金可以是例如青铜或白青铜。铜或铜合金具有抗菌、抗病毒和/或病毒抑制的特性，因此不需要对卫浴部件的涂层表面进行消毒，或者至少可以减少卫浴部件的消毒成本。
卫浴部件可以至少部分或(基本上)完全由铜、锌、铝、塑料和/或铁(基材)构成。卫浴部件可以至少部分地或(基本上)完全地由包括铜、锌、铝和/或铁(基材)的合金构成。例如，卫浴部件可以至少部分地由锌压铸件制成。此外，卫浴部件可以至少部分地由塑料制成。
涂层可以包括第一中间层，其至少部分地由铜构成。第一中间层尤其是可选的。第一中间层尤其是形成在卫浴部件的(基材的)表面与外层之间的层。此外，第一中间层可以尤其(直接地)形成在卫浴部件的表面上。第一中间层可以例如由碱性、酸性和/或中性电解质沉积而成。
涂层可以包括第二中间层，其至少部分地由光亮镍、半光亮镍或亚光镍构成。第二中间层尤其是可选的。第二中间层尤其可以至少部分地由光亮镍、半光亮镍和/或亚光镍构成。第二中间层尤其是形成在卫浴部件的表面与外层之间的层。此外，第二中间层尤其可以(直接地)形成在涂层的第一中间层上。
该涂层可以包括至少部分地由镍磷合金构成的第三中间层。第三中间层尤其是可选的。此外，第三中间层可以至少部分地由电解沉积的和/或连续的或者说连续形成的镍磷合金构成。第三中间层尤其是形成在卫浴部件的表面与外层之间的层。此外，第三中间层尤其可以(直接地)形成在涂层的第二中间层上。镍磷合金中磷的质量分数尤其可以至少为8％。镍磷合金中磷的质量分数优选为8％至14％，尤其优选为10％至12％。由镍磷合金构成的第三中间层尤其是电解沉积在卫浴部件上。镍磷合金尤其具有防腐蚀功能。因此，镍磷合金在很大程度上防止了卫浴部件的腐蚀并因此改善了腐蚀性能，尤其是具有功能特性的装饰涂层的腐蚀性能。因此，明显减少了由于损坏、未完全封闭的或多孔的涂层而导致的卫浴部件腐蚀，从而避免了构件故障和/或外观缺陷。
铜合金可以包括锡。此外，铜合金可以包括锌。
铜合金可以至少具有以下质量分数：
-45％至90％的铜；
-10％至55％的锡；和
-0％至15％的锌。
根据另一方面，还规定了一种用于涂装卫浴部件的方法，该方法至少包括以下步骤：
a)提供卫浴部件；和
b)对卫浴部件涂装涂层，其中，通过电镀形成外层，该外层至少部分由铜或铜合金构成。
尤其至少部分地在电解槽中进行在步骤a)中对卫浴部件的提供和/或在步骤b)中对卫浴部件的涂装。在步骤b)中，尤其是引导电流、尤其是直电流通过电解槽，使铜或铜合金沉积在卫浴部件表面上。卫浴部件可以电连接到负极并且因此可以用作阴极。另外，在步骤b)之前、在步骤b)期间和/或步骤b)之后也可以形成第一中间层、第二中间层和/或第三中间层。
关于该方法的其他细节完全参考对卫浴部件的描述。
根据另一方面提出一种在卫浴部件中使用具有至少部分地由铜或铜合金构成的外层的涂层以实现抗菌、抗病毒和/或病毒抑制的特性、尤其是减少或避免卫浴部件的消毒过程的应用方案。
关于该应用方案的其他细节完全参考对卫浴部件的描述。
下面参考附图更详细地解释本发明和技术环境。应指出，附图示出了本发明的尤其优选的实施变型，但其并不仅限于此。附图示意性地示出：
图1以剖视图示出卫浴部件。
具体实施方式
图1以剖视图示出卫浴部件1。卫浴部件1在表面7上具有涂层2。涂层2包括由铜构成的第一中间层4、由光亮镍、半光亮镍或亚光镍构成的第二中间层5、由镍磷合金构成的第三中间层6和由铜合金构成的外层3。
利用本发明可以减少卫浴部件1的消毒成本。
附图标记列表
1 卫浴部件
2 涂层
3 外层
4 第一中间层
5 第二中间层
6 第三中间层
7 表面

Claims (8)

1.一种具有带外层(3)的涂层(2)的卫浴部件(1)，其中，外层(3)至少部分地由铜或铜合金构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的卫浴部件(1)，其中，该卫浴部件(1)至少部分地由铜、锌、铝、塑料或铁构成，或者至少部分地由包含铜、锌、铝或铁的合金构成。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的卫浴部件(1)，其中，所述涂层(2)包括至少部分地由铜构成的第一中间层(4)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的卫浴部件(1)，其中，所述涂层(2)包括至少部分地由光亮镍、半光亮镍或亚光镍构成的第二中间层(5)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的卫浴部件(1)，其中，所述涂层(2)包括至少部分地由镍磷合金构成的第三中间层(6)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的卫浴部件(1)，其中，所述铜合金包含锡。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的卫浴部件(1)，其中，所述铜合金至少具有以下质量分数：
-45％至90％的铜；
-10％至55％的锡；和
-0％至15％的锌。
8.一种用于涂装卫浴部件(1)的方法，该方法至少包括以下步骤：
a)提供卫浴部件(1)；和
b)对卫浴部件(1)涂装涂层(2)，其中，通过电镀形成外层(3)，该外层至少部分地由铜或铜合金构成。
CN202280007687.4A 2021-03-12 2022-03-08 带涂层的卫浴部件和用于涂装卫浴部件的方法 Pending CN116490642A (zh)

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