CN116487628A - Electric pile and fuel cell - Google Patents

Electric pile and fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116487628A
CN116487628A CN202310630493.6A CN202310630493A CN116487628A CN 116487628 A CN116487628 A CN 116487628A CN 202310630493 A CN202310630493 A CN 202310630493A CN 116487628 A CN116487628 A CN 116487628A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
polar plate
embedded
grooves
plate
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310630493.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐一凡
唐厚闻
梁鹏
王淼
李冬冬
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Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202310630493.6A priority Critical patent/CN116487628A/en
Publication of CN116487628A publication Critical patent/CN116487628A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a galvanic pile and a fuel cell, wherein the galvanic pile comprises a plurality of battery monomers and a phase change material; the battery cell has a length direction, a width direction and a thickness direction; the battery monomer comprises a first polar plate, a membrane electrode and a second polar plate; in two adjacent battery cells, a first flow passage area of a first polar plate and a second flow passage area of a second polar plate of one of the two adjacent battery cells define a cooling liquid flow passage; a phase change material is arranged between a first polar plate of one of any two adjacent battery monomers in a sealing way and a second polar plate of the other battery monomer, and the phase change material is arranged in the length direction; in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the phase change material is located in the coolant flow passage. The technical problem that the uneven heat dissipation of the electric pile caused by uneven flow of cooling liquid in the prior art is solved.

Description

Electric pile and fuel cell
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of battery devices, and in particular to a stack and a fuel cell.
Background
A hydrogen fuel cell is a clean fuel cell. When the hydrogen fuel cell works, hydrogen generates hydrogen ions and releases electrons under the action of an anode catalyst; the hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane to reach the cathode, and electrons are collected by the current collecting plate and flow to the cathode through an external circuit; the oxidizing gas (air or oxygen) is reduced by the cathode catalyst and combines with hydrogen ions and external circuit electrons to produce water. During the electrochemical reaction, the hydrogen fuel cell generates heat, and the generation of heat adversely affects the power generation efficiency of the cell, so that it is necessary to radiate heat from the fuel cell.
In the prior art, a cooling liquid flow channel is defined by a cathode plate and an anode plate between two adjacent single batteries. The cooling liquid flows in the cooling liquid flow channel to absorb the heat generated by the fuel cell so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the cell. However, the coolant flows unevenly in the coolant flow passage, resulting in uneven heat dissipation and hence uneven temperature of the stack.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of this application is to provide a pile and fuel cell, aims at solving among the prior art because of the uneven technical problem who leads to of cooling liquid flow pile heat dissipation.
The application proposes a galvanic pile comprising a plurality of battery cells;
the battery cell has a length direction, a width direction and a thickness direction; a plurality of the battery cells are stacked in sequence in the thickness direction; the battery unit comprises a first polar plate, a membrane electrode and a second polar plate, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged between the first polar plate and the second polar plate; a first flow passage area extending along the length direction is formed on one side, away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the first polar plate is located, of the first polar plate, and a second flow passage area extending along the length direction is formed on one side, away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the second polar plate is located; in two adjacent battery cells, a first flow passage area of a first polar plate and a second flow passage area of a second polar plate of one of the two adjacent battery cells define a cooling liquid flow passage;
a sealed space extending along the length direction is defined between a first polar plate of one of any two adjacent battery monomers and a second polar plate of the other battery monomer, and a phase change material is arranged in the sealed space; in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the phase change material is located in the cooling liquid flow passage.
Optionally, the first polar plate is provided with an embedded groove positioned in the first runner region, and the embedded groove extends along the length direction; the phase change material is arranged in the embedded groove; the second plate having a sealing protrusion located within the second flow channel region, the sealing protrusion extending along the length direction; the sealing bulge is arranged corresponding to the embedded groove, and the phase change material is filled in the embedded groove; the sealing bulge is embedded into the embedded groove and is attached to the groove wall of the embedded groove to define the sealing space.
Optionally, each first polar plate is provided with at least two embedded grooves, and the at least two embedded grooves are arranged at intervals along the width direction; the number of the sealing bulges on each second polar plate is consistent with the number of the embedded grooves on the first polar plate, which constructs the cooling liquid flow channel, of the second polar plate, and the sealing bulges are respectively embedded into the corresponding embedded grooves.
Optionally, a side of the first polar plate away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the first polar plate is located is provided with a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of first ridges extending along the length direction; the plurality of first grooves are arranged at intervals along the width direction, and two adjacent first grooves are separated by the first ridge; wherein the embedded groove is arranged on at least one of the first ridges; the side of the second electrode plate, which is away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the second electrode plate is positioned, is provided with a plurality of second grooves and a plurality of second ridges which extend along the length direction; the plurality of second grooves are arranged at intervals along the width direction, and two adjacent second grooves are separated by the second ridge; wherein the sealing protrusion is provided on at least one of the second ridges.
Optionally, in the two adjacent battery cells, the first polar plate of one and the second polar plate of the other also define a liquid separating channel and a liquid discharging channel, and two opposite ends of the cooling liquid channel in the length direction are respectively communicated with the liquid separating channel and the liquid discharging channel; wherein, in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the embedded groove has one end close to the liquid separation channel and/or one end close to the liquid discharge channel.
Optionally, each first polar plate is provided with at least two embedded grooves, and the at least two embedded grooves are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction; the number of the sealing bulges on each second polar plate is consistent with the number of the embedded grooves on the first polar plate of the cooling liquid flow channel constructed by the second polar plate, and the sealing bulges are respectively embedded into the corresponding embedded grooves.
Optionally, a sealing strip is sleeved on the outer side of the sealing protrusion, and the sealing strip abuts against the first polar plate after the sealing protrusion is embedded into the corresponding embedded groove.
Optionally, the number of embedded grooves on the first polar plate inside the electric pile is smaller than the number of embedded grooves on the first polar plate outside the electric pile; and/or the length of the embedded groove on the first polar plate inside the electric pile is smaller than that of the embedded groove on the first polar plate outside the electric pile.
Optionally, in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, storage spaces for storing phase change materials are also arranged on both sides in the width direction of the coolant flow passage.
The present application proposes a fuel cell comprising a stack as described above.
In the technical scheme of the application, the defect of uneven cooling liquid heat dissipation is overcome through the phase change material. The phase change material is arranged in the length direction, and the projection of the phase change material is positioned in the cooling liquid flow channel; since the temperature inside the stack mainly has a temperature difference in the flow direction of the cooling liquid; when local high temperature exists in the electric pile, the phase change material starts to melt and absorb heat so as to absorb redundant heat and reduce the temperature; after it melts into a liquid state, it has micro-flow, and can flow along the length direction to recondense at a low temperature inside the stack, so that the temperature inside the stack is uniform.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a phase change material according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate of two adjacent battery cells in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at B;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first polar plate in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second polar plate in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another layout of a phase change material according to an embodiment of the present application.
List of reference numerals
10 Battery cell 210 A second ridge
20 Phase change material 211 Sealing protrusion
100 First polar plate 220 Second groove
200 Second pole plate S1 A first flow passage region
300 Membrane electrode S2 A second flow passage region
400 Sealing strip S3 A first liquid separation zone
110 A first ridge S4 A first liquid discharge area
111 Inlaid groove S5 Second liquid separation zone
120 First groove S6 Second liquid discharge area
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is correspondingly changed.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be either permanently attached or removably attached, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be regarded as not exist and not within the protection scope of the present application.
The hydrogen fuel cell includes a plurality of stacked unit cells. In the prior art, a cooling liquid flow channel is formed between every two adjacent battery cells, so that when cooling liquid flows in the cooling liquid flow channel, the cooling liquid absorbs heat through heat conduction to dissipate heat. However, the coolant flow is uneven, thereby resulting in uneven heat dissipation. Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, a galvanic pile is provided to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.
The present application proposes a galvanic pile comprising a plurality of battery cells 10. Referring to fig. 1, a case in which three battery cells 10 are stacked is illustrated in fig. 1. In practice, the number of battery cells 10 is greater during use. The battery cell 10 has a length direction, a width direction, and a thickness direction. In an embodiment, the length direction is the flow direction of the cooling liquid. The thickness direction is the stacking direction of the battery cells 10. The width direction is perpendicular to the length direction and the thickness direction.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, each of the battery cells 10 includes a first electrode plate 100, a membrane electrode 300, and a second electrode plate 200. The membrane electrode 300 is disposed between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200. The membrane electrode 300 is an important component of the membrane electrode 300 in a fuel cell. The MEA assembly of the membrane electrode 300 comprises a proton exchange membrane, a gas diffusion layer, and a catalytic layer, which are the core components of the fuel cell for generating electrical energy. The membrane electrode 300 is flanked by a cathode plate and an anode plate. The flow directing holes and flow fields on the anode plate provide hydrogen fuel to one side of the MEA assembly. The flow-directing holes and flow fields on the cathode plate provide air as an oxidant to the other side of the MEA assembly. At the anode, hydrogen is catalytically reacted to produce protons (hydrogen ions) and electrons, the protons migrate across the proton exchange membrane to the cathode, and the electrons are extracted through the plate to an external circuit through which the electrons flow to the cathode. At the cathode, oxygen in the air is catalyzed to obtain electrons to form negative ions, which react with the transferred protons to generate water. In the whole electrochemical reaction process, the current led out by the polar plates is the power generation result of the fuel cell. One of the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 is an anode plate, and the other is a cathode plate.
During the electrochemical reaction, the battery heats up, and therefore it is necessary to dissipate heat. For this purpose, the side of the first electrode plate 100 facing away from the membrane electrode 300 in the cell 10 in which it is located has a first flow channel region S1 extending in the longitudinal direction, and the side of the second electrode plate 200 facing away from the membrane electrode 300 in the cell 10 in which it is located has a second flow channel region S2 extending in the longitudinal direction; in adjacent two battery cells 10, the first flow channel region S1 of one of the first plates 100 and the second flow channel region S2 of the other of the second plates 200 define a coolant flow channel. During application, the cooling liquid flows in the cooling liquid flow channel so that the cooling liquid takes away heat.
In any two adjacent cells 10, a sealed space is defined between the first plate 100 of one and the second plate 200 of the other. The sealed space is arranged in the length direction for having the phase change material 20 disposed therein; in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the phase change material 20 is located in the cooling liquid flow passage. In the technical scheme of the application, the defect of uneven cooling liquid heat dissipation is overcome through the phase change material 20. The phase change material 20 is arranged in the length direction and its projection is located in the coolant flow channel; since the temperature inside the stack mainly has a temperature difference in the flow direction of the cooling liquid; when a local high temperature exists in the electric pile, the phase change material 20 starts to melt and absorb heat so as to absorb redundant heat and reduce the temperature; after it melts into a liquid state, it has micro-flow, and can flow along the length direction to recondense at a low temperature inside the stack, so that the temperature inside the stack is uniform.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the cooling liquid still plays a dominant role in heat dissipation. The phase change material 20 is sealed between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 and is disposed corresponding to the coolant flow channel to compensate for the defect of nonuniform temperature inside the electric pile caused by the coolant when heat is dissipated, especially in the case of local high temperature inside the electric pile.
In the embodiment of the present application, the phase change material 20 is a material having two solid-liquid phases, such as higher aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, paraffin, etc.), fatty acids and esters thereof (stearic acid, palmitic acid, etc.), crystalline hydrated salts (Na 2SO 4. 10H2O, mn (NO 3) 2. 6H2O, etc.), molten salts (LiF, naF, caF2, etc.), and high molecular substances (polyethylene glycol, etc.). The choice of phase change material 20 is primarily selected based on the application environment of the stack.
Furthermore, it is emphasized that: in the known prior art, the phase change material 20 also has technical solutions applied in fuel cells. In the known technical solution, the phase change material 20 is disposed at the periphery of the fuel cell, and the purpose of heat preservation of the fuel cell is achieved through phase change, so that the cold start of the fuel cell is facilitated, which is greatly different from the technical solution in the present application in technical concept.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, the first plate 100 has an embedded groove 111 in the first flow channel region S1. The insertion groove 111 extends along the longitudinal direction; the phase change material 20 is disposed in the embedded groove 111. The second plate 200 has a sealing protrusion 211 in the second flow path region S2, the sealing protrusion 211 extending along the length direction. The sealing protrusion 211 is disposed corresponding to the embedded groove 111, and the phase change material 20 is filled in the embedded groove 111. The sealing protrusion 211 is inserted into the insertion groove 111 to define a sealing space. The walls of the embedded grooves 111 fit to seal the phase change material 20. In this embodiment, the sealing protrusion 211 is inserted into the insertion groove 111 for sealing the phase change material 20 when the stacks are stacked.
In general, the insert groove 111 is formed by pressing with a mold, and may extend in a curved manner or may extend in a straight manner. The shape and size of the sealing protrusion 211 are matched with those of the fitting groove 111. The sealing protrusion 211 is tightly matched with the embedded groove 111 under the action of stacking pressure, so that the phase change material 20 is sealed; and simultaneously, the adjacent two battery cells 10 have good contact, which is beneficial to conduction.
In general, the coolant flow channel has a certain size in the width direction, and thus in order to improve the coverage of the phase change material 20. As an alternative implementation of the foregoing embodiment, each of the first electrode plates 100 has at least two embedded grooves 111, and the at least two embedded grooves 111 are spaced apart along the width direction. The number of the sealing protrusions 211 on each second electrode plate 200 is identical to the number of the embedding grooves 111 on the first electrode plate 100 where the second electrode plate 200 constructs a cooling fluid flow channel, and the plurality of sealing protrusions 211 are respectively embedded into the corresponding embedding grooves 111. As shown in fig. 5, the first plate 100 has two embedded grooves 111 in the width direction for filling the phase change material 20. Typically, two embedded grooves are disposed on both sides of the centerline of the first plate 100 to enable the phase change material 20 to adjust for temperature non-uniformities on both sides, respectively.
As an alternative implementation of the above embodiment, the side of the first electrode plate 100 facing away from the membrane electrode 300 in the battery cell 10 where the first electrode plate is located has a plurality of first grooves 120 extending along the length direction and a plurality of first ridges 110 extending along the length direction. The plurality of first grooves 120 are arranged at intervals in the width direction; two adjacent first grooves 120 are separated by the first ridge 110; the second electrode plate 200 has a plurality of second grooves 220 and a plurality of second ridges 210 extending along the length direction on a side facing away from the membrane electrode 300 in the battery cell 10 where the second electrode plate is located, and the plurality of second grooves 220 are arranged at intervals along the width direction; two adjacent second grooves 220 are separated by the second ridge 210. Between two adjacent battery cells 10, the first ridge 110 of the first polar plate 100 and the second ridge 210 corresponding to the position of the first ridge 110 on the second polar plate 200 are abutted with each other, so as to realize electrical connection; and the first grooves 120 and the second grooves 220 construct coolant flow passages for flowing coolant after the first ridges 110 and the corresponding second ridges 210 abut.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the embedded groove 111 is provided to at least one of the first ridges 110. The sealing protrusion 211 is provided on at least one of the second ridges 210. When the first ridge 110 of the first electrode plate 100 and the second ridge 210 of the second electrode plate 200 corresponding to the position of the first ridge 110 are abutted against each other, the sealing protrusion 211 of the second ridge 210 is fitted into the fitting groove 111. Thus, the arrangement density of the grooves in which the coolant flows is not reduced because the phase change material 20 needs to be buried.
In other embodiments, the arrangement density of the grooves for flowing the cooling liquid can be reduced by arranging the region for embedding the phase change material 20 in the first flow channel region S1, and the method can be used in the scene of low battery power consumption.
As an alternative to the above embodiment, in two adjacent battery cells 10, the first plate 100 of one and the second plate 200 of the other also define a liquid separation channel and a liquid discharge channel. In the embodiment, one side of the first polar plate 100 away from the membrane electrode 300 of the battery cell 10 where the first polar plate is located is provided with a first liquid separation area S3 and a first liquid discharge area; the opposite ends of the first flow channel area S1 in the length direction are respectively communicated with the first liquid separation area S3 and the first liquid discharge area. In an embodiment, a side of the second polar plate 200 facing away from the membrane electrode 300 of the battery cell 10 where the second polar plate is located is provided with a second liquid separation area S5 and a second liquid drainage area S6; the opposite ends of the second flow channel region S2 in the length direction are respectively communicated with the second liquid separation region S5 and the second liquid discharge region S6. After stacking two adjacent battery cells 10, the first liquid-dividing region S3 and the second liquid-dividing region S5 construct a liquid-dividing channel, and the first liquid-discharging region S4 and the second liquid-discharging region S6 construct a liquid-discharging channel. After entering the liquid separation channel, the cooling liquid flows into the cooling liquid channel after being separated, and then flows into the liquid discharge channel. In a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the insertion groove 111 has one end close to the liquid separation channel and/or has one end close to the liquid discharge channel. That is, in this embodiment, one end of the embedding groove 111 is close to the drain passage, and this structure is mainly applied to a region where a local high-temperature passage easily appears in the vicinity of the drain passage. Or one end of the embedded groove 111 is close to the liquid separation channel, the structure is mainly applied to the area where the local high-temperature channel is easy to appear near the liquid separation channel. Both ends of the insertion groove 111 are respectively adjacent to the liquid discharge passage and the liquid separation passage. The structure is mainly applied to the structures of the liquid discharge channel and the area near the liquid separation channel, which are easy to generate higher temperature gradient.
As an alternative implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, each of the first electrode plates 100 has at least two embedded grooves 111, where the at least two embedded grooves 111 are sequentially spaced apart along the length direction; the number of the sealing protrusions 211 on each second electrode plate 200 is identical to the number of the embedding grooves 111 on the first electrode plate 100 of the cooling fluid flow channel constructed by the second electrode plate 200, and the plurality of sealing protrusions 211 are respectively embedded into the corresponding embedding grooves 111. In this embodiment, the temperature is averaged stepwise in the length direction by arranging plural sets of the phase change materials 20 at intervals in the length direction. This structure is generally applied to the case where the stack is large in the length direction.
As an alternative implementation manner of the foregoing embodiment, a sealing strip 400 is sleeved on the outer side of the sealing protrusion 211, and the sealing strip 400 abuts against the first polar plate 100 after the sealing protrusion 211 is embedded into the corresponding embedded groove 111. The phase change material 20 is further sealed by deformation of the sealing strip 400, so that the sealing reliability is improved, and the pollution of the phase change material 20 to the cooling liquid channel is avoided as much as possible.
In general, since the battery cells 10 at both ends of the stack are easily affected by environmental factors, the battery cells 10 at both ends are more likely to have a temperature gradient, and thus, as an alternative implementation of the above embodiment, the number of the embedded grooves 111 on the first electrode plate 100 inside the stack is smaller than the number of the embedded grooves 111 on the first electrode plate 100 outside the stack. That is, the arrangement density of the phase change material 20 is higher at both ends and lower in the middle. And/or the length of the embedded groove 111 on the first plate 100 inside the stack is smaller than the length of the embedded groove 111 on the first plate 100 outside the stack. That is, the arrangement length of the phase change material 20 is larger at both ends and smaller in the middle. Through the above arrangement, the arrangement range of the phase change material 20 at both ends is wider, and the arrangement range of the middle part is relatively narrower, so that the temperature gradient of the whole cell stack is small and the temperature uniformity is high.
As an alternative implementation of the above example, the coolant flows more in the middle of the coolant, and flows less on both sides of the coolant flow passage in the width direction, so that the temperature exhibits a distribution in the width direction in which the middle is low and both sides are high; for this reason, in order to improve temperature uniformity in the width direction; in the projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, a storage space is further provided on both sides of the cooling liquid flow path in the width direction, and the phase change material 20 is further disposed therein to achieve temperature uniformity in the width direction by phase change of the phase change material 20. The sealing structure of the phase change material 20 may refer to a structure in which the phase change material 20 is disposed in a coolant flow passage.
The application also proposes a fuel cell comprising a stack. The specific structure of the electric pile refers to the above embodiments, and because the electric pile adopts all the technical solutions of all the embodiments, the electric pile has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.
The foregoing description is merely an optional embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent application, and all equivalent structural modifications made by the specification and drawings of the present application or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the patent application.

Claims (10)

1. A stack comprising a plurality of cells;
the battery cell has a length direction, a width direction and a thickness direction; a plurality of the battery cells are stacked in sequence in the thickness direction; the battery unit comprises a first polar plate, a membrane electrode and a second polar plate, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged between the first polar plate and the second polar plate; a first flow passage area extending along the length direction is formed on one side, away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the first polar plate is located, of the first polar plate, and a second flow passage area extending along the length direction is formed on one side, away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the second polar plate is located; in two adjacent battery cells, a first flow passage area of a first polar plate and a second flow passage area of a second polar plate of one of the two adjacent battery cells define a cooling liquid flow passage;
a sealed space extending along the length direction is defined between a first polar plate of one of any two adjacent battery monomers and a second polar plate of the other battery monomer, and a phase change material is arranged in the sealed space; in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the phase change material is located in the cooling liquid flow passage.
2. The stack of claim 1 wherein the first plate has an embedded groove in the first flow field, the embedded groove extending along the length; the phase change material is arranged in the embedded groove;
the second plate having a sealing protrusion located within the second flow channel region, the sealing protrusion extending along the length direction;
the sealing bulge is arranged corresponding to the embedded groove, and the phase change material is filled in the embedded groove; the sealing bulge is embedded into the embedded groove and is attached to the groove wall of the embedded groove to define the sealing space.
3. The stack of claim 2, wherein each of said first plates has at least two of said embedded grooves, said at least two embedded grooves being spaced apart along said width direction; the number of the sealing bulges on each second polar plate is consistent with the number of the embedded grooves on the first polar plate, which constructs the cooling liquid flow channel, of the second polar plate, and the sealing bulges are respectively embedded into the corresponding embedded grooves.
4. The stack of claim 2, wherein a side of the first plate facing away from the membrane electrode in the cell in which it is located has a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of first ridges extending in the length direction; the plurality of first grooves are arranged at intervals along the width direction, and two adjacent first grooves are separated by the first ridge; wherein the embedded groove is arranged on at least one of the first ridges;
the side of the second electrode plate, which is away from the membrane electrode in the battery cell where the second electrode plate is positioned, is provided with a plurality of second grooves and a plurality of second ridges which extend along the length direction; the plurality of second grooves are arranged at intervals along the width direction, and two adjacent second grooves are separated by the second ridge; wherein the sealing protrusion is provided on at least one of the second ridges.
5. The stack of claim 2, wherein in two adjacent cells, the first plate of one and the second plate of the other further define a liquid separation channel and a liquid discharge channel, and the cooling liquid channel communicates with the liquid separation channel and the liquid discharge channel at opposite ends in the length direction, respectively; wherein, in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, the embedded groove has one end close to the liquid separation channel and/or one end close to the liquid discharge channel.
6. The stack of claim 2, wherein each of said first plates has at least two of said embedded grooves, said at least two embedded grooves being spaced apart in sequence along said length; the number of the sealing bulges on each second polar plate is consistent with the number of the embedded grooves on the first polar plate of the cooling liquid flow channel constructed by the second polar plate, and the sealing bulges are respectively embedded into the corresponding embedded grooves.
7. The stack of claim 2, wherein a sealing strip is sleeved outside the sealing protrusion, and the sealing strip abuts against the first polar plate after the sealing protrusion is embedded into the corresponding embedded groove.
8. The stack of claim 2, wherein the number of embedded grooves on the first plate inside the stack is less than the number of embedded grooves on the first plate outside the stack; and/or
The length of the embedded groove on the first polar plate inside the electric pile is smaller than that of the embedded groove on the first polar plate outside the electric pile.
9. The stack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a storage space for storing a phase change material is further arranged on both sides in the width direction of the coolant flow passage in a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction.
10. A fuel cell comprising the stack of any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202310630493.6A 2023-05-30 2023-05-30 Electric pile and fuel cell Pending CN116487628A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310630493.6A CN116487628A (en) 2023-05-30 2023-05-30 Electric pile and fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310630493.6A CN116487628A (en) 2023-05-30 2023-05-30 Electric pile and fuel cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116487628A true CN116487628A (en) 2023-07-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310630493.6A Pending CN116487628A (en) 2023-05-30 2023-05-30 Electric pile and fuel cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116487628A (en)

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