CN111403788A - Fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell with same - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111403788A CN111403788A CN202010210066.9A CN202010210066A CN111403788A CN 111403788 A CN111403788 A CN 111403788A CN 202010210066 A CN202010210066 A CN 202010210066A CN 111403788 A CN111403788 A CN 111403788A
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell stack
- air
- hydrogen
- stack
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell with the same, comprising a stack main body, an air channel and an exhaust port, wherein the stack main body is a cylindrical structure with an opening at the end part; the air channel is arranged on the side wall of the stack main body; for introducing air into the interior of the stack body; the air outlet is arranged at the end part of the pile main body; the gas vent is used for guiding air discharge according to the fuel cell stack structure of this application and has its fuel cell, can promote the air inlet area of stack, improve the power level of air-cooled fuel cell stack structure, avoids having the problem in the aspect of the heat dissipation.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell with the same.
Background
Fuel cells are energy converters that convert the chemical energy of a "fuel gas" directly into direct current electrical energy. As the power density of fuel cells increases, the demand for heat dissipation increases. Currently, the practical operating efficiency of the fuel cell is about 40-60%, which means that approximately the same thermal power as the power generated by the fuel cell is released, and in order to ensure that the fuel cell can maintain a constant temperature operation without being burnt, the fuel cell is generally cooled by a cooling medium. Common cooling media include liquid media (a mixed liquid of deionized water and ethylene glycol) and gaseous media (cold air), which also generally divide the fuel cell into a liquid-cooled fuel cell and an air-cooled fuel cell. The air-cooled fuel cell usually adopts excess air, except providing the air required by the reaction of the fuel cell, the air-cooled fuel cell can also take away the heat generated by the reaction.
However, in the air-cooled fuel cell, even if forced convection is used, the cooling capacity is very limited, mainly because of the poor heat conduction capability and the low specific heat capacity of air. This also causes the air-cooled volume not too big, and the power is difficult to do big to it can't in time dispel to lead to the production of heat to lead to. The maximum power of the current air-cooled fuel cell is generally below 5 kilowatts.
Therefore, how to provide a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell with the same, which can increase the air inlet area of the stack, increase the power level of the air-cooled fuel cell stack structure, and avoid the problem of heat dissipation, is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a fuel cell stack structure and a fuel cell with the same, which can improve the air inlet area of the stack, improve the power level of the air-cooled fuel cell stack structure, and avoid the problem of heat dissipation.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a fuel cell stack structure including:
the electric pile comprises an electric pile main body, a fuel cell and a fuel cell, wherein the electric pile main body is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the end part;
the air channel is arranged on the side wall of the stack main body; for introducing air into the interior of the stack body;
the air outlet is arranged at the end part of the stack main body; the exhaust port is used for guiding air to be exhausted.
Preferably, both ends of the stack body have exhaust ports.
Preferably, the fuel cell stack structure further comprises a first induced draft fan, and the first induced draft fan is arranged at the first end of the stack main body; and/or, the fuel cell stack structure also comprises a second induced draft fan, and the second induced draft fan is arranged at the second end of the stack main body.
Preferably, the stack body comprises a plurality of unipolar plates; each unipolar plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the stack body.
Preferably, the first surface of the unipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen channel; the air channel is disposed on the second surface of the unipolar plate.
Preferably, the hydrogen channel is a groove opened on the first surface of the single-stage plate; the air channel is a groove opened on the second surface of the single-stage plate.
Preferably, the air passage extends in a direction close to the central axis of the stack body; and/or, the hydrogen channel extends circumferentially around a central axis of the stack body; and/or a plurality of hydrogen channels are arranged, and the hydrogen channels are sequentially arranged towards the direction close to the central axis of the cell stack; and/or the air channel is provided with a plurality of air channels which are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the cell stack; and/or the depth of the hydrogen channel is 0.1-5 mm; the width is 0.1-10 mm; and/or the depth of the air channel is 0.1-50 mm; the width is 0.1-50 mm.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent hydrogen channels is 0.1-10 mm; and/or the distance between two adjacent air channels is 0.1-50 mm.
Preferably, the unipolar plate is annular unipolar plate, has seted up the through-hole on the annular unipolar plate, and the through-hole is used for leading the hydrogen circulation.
Preferably, the unipolar plate is an arc unipolar plate; on the cross section of the battery pile, the battery pile comprises at least two arc-shaped unipolar plates; at least two arc-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to end; a gap is reserved between every two adjacent arc-shaped unipolar plates; the gap is used for guiding the hydrogen to flow through.
Preferably, the unipolar plate is a strip-shaped unipolar plate; on the cross section of the battery pile, the battery pile comprises a plurality of strip-shaped unipolar plates; the plurality of strip-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to end; and a hydrogen flow port is arranged between two adjacent strip-shaped unipolar plates; the hydrogen gas flow port is used for guiding the circulation of hydrogen gas.
According to still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell including the fuel cell stack structure described above.
The fuel cell stack structure and the fuel cell with the same can improve the air inlet area of the stack, improve the power level of the air-cooled fuel cell stack structure and avoid the problem of heat dissipation; the area of the air inlet area is increased; a more uniform air inlet structure is formed, which is beneficial to improving the mass transfer of the cathode reaction gas, improving the flow rate of the cathode reaction gas and reducing the flow resistance of the cathode reaction gas; and the air cooling efficiency of the tubular structure's of this application battery pile is higher than conventional fuel cell structure far away, consequently can further improve the pile power grade.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell stack structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-stage board according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-stage plate according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-stage board according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals are represented as:
1. a stack body; 2. a single-stage plate; 3. a hydrogen gas passage; 4. a through hole; 5. an air passage; 6. and (7) an exhaust port.
Detailed Description
Referring collectively to fig. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, a fuel cell stack structure includes: the fuel cell stack comprises a stack main body 1, an air channel 5 and an exhaust port, wherein the stack main body 1 is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the end part; the air channel 5 is arranged on the side wall of the stack main body 1; for introducing air into the interior of the stack body 1; the exhaust port is arranged at the end part of the pile main body 1; the air outlet is used for guiding air to be discharged, so that the air inlet area of the electric pile can be increased, the power level of the air-cooled fuel cell electric pile structure can be improved, and the problem of heat dissipation is avoided; the area of the air inlet area is increased; a more uniform air inlet structure is formed, which is beneficial to improving the mass transfer of the cathode reaction gas, improving the flow rate of the cathode reaction gas and reducing the flow resistance of the cathode reaction gas; and the air cooling efficiency of the tubular structure's of this application battery pile is higher than conventional fuel cell structure far away, consequently can further improve the pile power grade.
Further, both ends of the stack body 1 are provided with exhaust ports; the openings at the two ends are exhaust ports; the exhaust port communicates with the inside of the stack body 1.
Further, the fuel cell stack structure further comprises a first induced draft fan, and the first induced draft fan is arranged at the first end of the stack main body 1; and/or the fuel cell stack structure further comprises a second induced draft fan, and the second induced draft fan is arranged at the second end of the stack main body 1; the arrangement position and space of the induced draft fan are not limited and the size of the electric pile, the problem of heat dissipation and reaction gas supply is solved by adopting a higher-power induced draft fan, cathode reaction gas, namely air, uniformly enters from the periphery and passes through a battery reaction area, then is collected to the central area of the electric pile, and is led out of the electric pile by the first induced draft fan and/or the second induced draft fan from two ends. The size of the exhaust port can be designed pertinently according to the total induced air quantity and the structure of an induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan is an induced draft fan.
Further, the stack body 1 includes a plurality of unipolar plates; each unipolar plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the stack body 1, and the stack body 1 is formed by stacking a plurality of unipolar plates.
Further, a hydrogen channel 3 is arranged on the first surface of the unipolar plate; an air channel 5 is disposed on the second surface of the unipolar plate.
Further, the hydrogen channel 3 is a groove opened on the first surface; the air channel 5 is a groove opening on the second surface.
Further, the air passage 5 extends in a direction close to the central axis of the stack body 1; and/or, the hydrogen gas channel 3 extends circumferentially around the central axis of the stack body 1; and/or a plurality of hydrogen channels 3 are arranged, and the plurality of hydrogen channels 3 are sequentially arranged towards the direction close to the central axis of the cell stack; and/or, the air channel 5 is provided with a plurality of air channels 5, and the plurality of air channels 5 are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the cell stack; and/or the depth of the hydrogen channel 3 is 0.1-5 mm; the width is 0.1-10 mm; and/or the depth of the air channel 5 is 0.1-50 mm; the width is 0.1-50 mm. The single ultrathin metal plate can be punched to obtain a single polar plate, and the two polar plates are welded together to form a bipolar plate; the bipolar plate can be made of metal, graphite or composite graphite material. The composite graphite material is obtained by mixing graphite with some resin material to increase the strength.
The scheme of the invention can be applied to both metal bipolar plates and graphite bipolar plates, the metal bipolar plates can be formed by stamping and welding, the graphite bipolar plates can be respectively engraved with hydrogen channels and air channels on the upper and lower surfaces of a thicker graphite sheet, and thus, the single graphite sheet can become the bipolar plate.
Further, the distance between two adjacent hydrogen channels 3 is 0.1-10 mm; and/or the distance between two adjacent air channels 5 is 0.1-50 mm.
Referring to fig. 2-3, the unipolar plate is an annular unipolar plate, and the annular unipolar plate is provided with through holes 4, and the through holes 4 are used for guiding hydrogen to flow.
Referring to fig. 4 in combination, the unipolar plate is an arc-shaped unipolar plate; on the cross section of the battery pile, the battery pile comprises at least two arc-shaped unipolar plates; at least two arc-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to end; a gap is reserved between every two adjacent arc-shaped unipolar plates; the gap is used for guiding the hydrogen to flow through.
Furthermore, the unipolar plate is a strip unipolar plate; on the cross section of the battery pile, the battery pile comprises a plurality of strip-shaped unipolar plates; the plurality of strip-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to end; and a hydrogen flow port is arranged between two adjacent strip-shaped unipolar plates; the hydrogen gas flow port is used for guiding the circulation of hydrogen gas. For example, four strip-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to form a quadrangle, hydrogen flow ports are formed between two adjacent strip-shaped unipolar plates, for example, eight strip-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to form an octagon, and hydrogen flow ports are formed between two adjacent strip-shaped unipolar plates. The size of the galvanic pile is designed according to the power grade after the galvanic pile is formed, and the structure of the invention can be applied to a small-sized air-cooled fuel cell galvanic pile (below 5 kW) and can also be designed for a large-sized air-cooled fuel cell (above 5 kW).
According to an embodiment of the application, a fuel cell comprises a fuel cell stack structure, and the fuel cell stack structure is the fuel cell stack structure.
It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A fuel cell stack structure, comprising:
the fuel cell stack comprises a stack main body (1), wherein the stack main body (1) is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the end part;
an air channel (5), wherein the air channel (5) is arranged on the side wall of the stack main body (1); for introducing air inside the stack body (1);
an exhaust port (6), wherein the exhaust port (6) is arranged at the end part of the electric pile main body (1); the exhaust port (6) is used for guiding the air to be exhausted.
2. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the stack body (1) are provided with exhaust ports (6).
3. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 2, further comprising a first induced draft fan provided at the first end of the stack body (1); and/or, the fuel cell stack structure further comprises a second induced draft fan, and the second induced draft fan is arranged at the second end of the stack main body (1).
4. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 1, wherein the stack body (1) comprises a plurality of unipolar plates; each unipolar plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the pile body (1).
5. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, wherein the unipolar plates are provided on the first surface with hydrogen channels (3); the air channel (5) is disposed on the second surface of the unipolar plate.
6. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogen gas channel (3) is a groove opened on the first surface of the single-stage plate; the air channel (5) is a groove formed in the second surface of the single-stage plate.
7. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 6, wherein the air passage (5) extends in a direction close to a central axis of the stack body (1); and/or the hydrogen channel (3) extends circumferentially around the central axis of the stack body (1); and/or a plurality of hydrogen channels (3) are arranged, and the plurality of hydrogen channels (3) are sequentially arranged towards the direction close to the central axis of the cell stack; and/or the air channel (5) is provided with a plurality of air channels (5), and the plurality of air channels (5) are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the cell stack; and/or the depth of the hydrogen channel (3) is 0.1-5 mm; the width is 0.1-10 mm; and/or the depth of the air channel (5) is 0.1-50 mm; the width is 0.1-50 mm.
8. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 7, wherein the distance between two adjacent hydrogen passages (3) is 0.1 to 10 mm; and/or the distance between two adjacent air channels (5) is 0.1-50 mm.
9. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, wherein the unipolar plate is an annular unipolar plate, and the annular unipolar plate is provided with through holes (4), and the through holes (4) are used for guiding hydrogen to flow through.
10. The fuel cell stack structure of claim 4 wherein the unipolar plates are arc-shaped unipolar plates; on a cross section of the cell stack, the cell stack comprises at least two arc-shaped unipolar plates; the at least two arc-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to end; a gap is reserved between every two adjacent arc-shaped unipolar plates; the gap is used for guiding the hydrogen to flow through.
11. The fuel cell stack structure according to claim 4, wherein the unipolar plates are strip-shaped unipolar plates; the battery stack comprises a plurality of strip-shaped unipolar plates on the cross section of the battery stack; the strip-shaped unipolar plates are connected end to end; a hydrogen flow port is arranged between two adjacent strip-shaped unipolar plates; the hydrogen flow port is used for guiding the circulation of hydrogen.
12. A fuel cell comprising a fuel cell stack structure, wherein the fuel cell stack structure is according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010210066.9A CN111403788A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010210066.9A CN111403788A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell with same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111403788A true CN111403788A (en) | 2020-07-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010210066.9A Pending CN111403788A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Fuel cell stack structure and fuel cell with same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115064721A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-16 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Air-cooled fuel single cell assembly and air-cooled fuel cell stack structure |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1381074A (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-11-20 | 曼哈顿科学公司 | Method of operating fuel cell system, and fuel cell system operable accordingly |
| CN1848505A (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Fuel battery pile |
| KR20160025110A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-08 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Circular Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell with Centre Forced Cooling |
-
2020
- 2020-03-23 CN CN202010210066.9A patent/CN111403788A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1381074A (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-11-20 | 曼哈顿科学公司 | Method of operating fuel cell system, and fuel cell system operable accordingly |
| CN1848505A (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Fuel battery pile |
| KR20160025110A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-08 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Circular Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell with Centre Forced Cooling |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115064721A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-16 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Air-cooled fuel single cell assembly and air-cooled fuel cell stack structure |
| CN115064721B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-12-29 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Air-cooled fuel single cell assembly and air-cooled fuel cell stack structure |
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