CN217768439U

CN217768439U - Cathode open type water-cooling fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN217768439U
Application number: CN202221889951.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨周; 李进; 袁洪根; 聂海云; 谭祥
Original assignee: Chongqing Zongshen Hydrogen Energy Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Zongshen Hydrogen Energy Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-22
Filing date: 2022-07-22
Publication date: 2022-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cathode open type water-cooling fuel cell, which comprises an electric pile and a heat dissipation component, wherein the electric pile comprises single cells which are arranged in a stacking way, cathode gas runners which are arranged along the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction are arranged on the single cells, and a cooling runner is arranged between two adjacent single cells; the heat dissipation assembly comprises a radiator arranged on one side of the galvanic pile along the direction of the cathode gas flow passage, the heat dissipation air channel of the radiator is consistent with the direction of the cathode gas flow passage, a heat dissipation fan arranged in an outward blowing mode is arranged on one side, which deviates from the galvanic pile, of the radiator, the water inlet end of the radiator is connected with the water outlet end of the cooling flow passage, the water outlet end of the radiator is connected with a heat dissipation water pump, and the water outlet end of the heat dissipation water pump is connected with the water inlet end of the cooling flow passage. The utility model has the advantages of structural design is reasonable, can improve generating efficiency and power density under the circumstances of taking into account the water-cooling radiating effect.

Description

Cathode open type water-cooling fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field, very much relate to an open water-cooling fuel cell of negative pole.

Background

The fuel cell directly converts chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant into electric energy in a mode of chemical reaction of the fuel in electrolyte, the fuel does not undergo combustion, and no complex energy conversion process of an internal combustion engine exists, so that the power generation efficiency is the highest among all the power generation modes at present. Because it has no moving parts and no combustion, it has low noise and low infrared characteristics. The core of the fuel cell power generation device is the electric pile, the performance of the electric pile directly determines the performance of the whole cell, and the operation temperature of the fuel cell directly influences the overall performance of the cell and needs to keep good heat dissipation when the fuel cell works.

The current main heat dissipation methods are as follows: an air-cooling double-fan scheme, a direct air-cooling scheme and a water-cooling closed structure scheme. The reaction fan and the heat dissipation fan of the air-cooled double-fan scheme adopt two different fans and have independent functions, and the reaction air duct is separated from the heat dissipation air duct. The reaction fan and the heat dissipation fan of the direct air cooling scheme are combined into a whole, the structure of the galvanic pile is more compact, and water generated by the reaction is taken away by large-flow air, so that the galvanic pile is almost in dry film power generation, and the low power generation efficiency and the low power density are caused. The water-cooling closed structure scheme has strong heat dissipation capacity, the temperature inside the electric pile is uniformly distributed, the electric pile is less influenced by the ambient temperature, however, the scheme needs to additionally adopt an air pump to actively convey reaction air (positive pressure conveying), the power is high, a large amount of electric energy of batteries is consumed, and the power generation efficiency is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that: how to provide a cathode open type water-cooling fuel cell which has reasonable structural design and can improve the generating efficiency and the power density under the condition of taking the water-cooling heat dissipation effect into consideration.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a cathode open type water-cooling fuel cell comprises a galvanic pile and a heat dissipation assembly, wherein the galvanic pile comprises single cells which are arranged in a stacked mode, cathode gas flow channels which are arranged in a transverse or longitudinal through mode are formed in the single cells, and a cooling flow channel is arranged between every two adjacent single cells; the heat dissipation assembly is characterized by comprising a radiator arranged on one side of the galvanic pile along the direction of the cathode gas flow passage, wherein the heat dissipation air channel of the radiator is consistent with the direction of the cathode gas flow passage, one side of the radiator, which deviates from the galvanic pile, is provided with a heat dissipation fan arranged by blowing outwards, the water inlet end of the radiator is connected with the water outlet end of the cooling flow passage, the water outlet end of the radiator is connected with a heat dissipation water pump, and the water outlet of the heat dissipation water pump is connected with the water inlet end of the cooling flow passage.

Adopt above-mentioned structure, on the one hand, in the coolant liquid passes through the pump and goes into the cooling runner, carry out the heat exchange with the pile in the cooling runner, the coolant liquid after the heating enters into the radiator, on the other hand, radiator fan bloies outwards and makes radiator and cathode gas runner form the negative pressure, the other end that the cathode gas runner just can be followed to the external air enters into the cathode gas runner in, participate in the reaction on the one hand, the air after the reaction passes through the heat dissipation wind channel of radiator, and carry out the heat exchange with the radiator, cool down the coolant liquid in the radiator, the coolant liquid after the cooling is gone into the cooling runner through the pump again of heat dissipation, the circulation dispels the heat. In the structure, the cooling fan can convey enough air for the reaction of the electric pile on the one hand, and can also utilize flowing air to dissipate heat of the radiator on the other hand, and meanwhile, the water cooling is utilized to dissipate heat of the electric pile, so that the heat dissipation effect of the electric pile can be improved, and the generation efficiency and the power density can be improved under the condition of taking the water cooling heat dissipation effect into consideration.

Further, an air filter screen assembly is installed on one side, away from the radiator, of the galvanic pile in a facing mode.

Therefore, air entering the cathode gas flow channel can be filtered through the air filter screen assembly, and impurities in the air are prevented from entering the cathode gas flow channel to influence the reaction efficiency and block the flow channel.

Further, the air filter screen subassembly includes that the whole frame that is the rectangle and detachably set up the filter core of the internal portion of frame.

Further, a DC/DC converter is mounted on the stack, and the cooling fan is electrically connected to the stack through the DC/DC converter.

Therefore, the electric energy of the galvanic pile can be directly converted into voltage suitable for the use of the cooling fan through the DC/DC converter, and the cooling fan is driven to run without an additional power supply. On the other hand, when the fuel cell is stopped, hydrogen inside the stack can continue to react to generate electric energy, and the electric energy can be directly consumed by the cooling fan.

Furthermore, the single battery comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate which are oppositely arranged, the cathode plate and the anode plate are correspondingly provided with a cooling liquid conveying port and an anode gas conveying port which are communicated along the thickness direction, and the number of the cooling liquid conveying port and the number of the anode gas conveying ports are two; the cathode gas flow channel is arranged on one side of the cathode plate facing the anode plate, the middle part of one side of the anode plate facing the cathode plate is provided with an anode flow channel, and the anode flow channel is communicated with the two anode gas conveying ports; and one side of the anode plate, which is far away from the cathode plate, is provided with the cooling flow channel, and the cooling flow channel is communicated with the two cooling liquid conveying ports.

Furthermore, the electric pile also comprises current collecting plates and end plates which are arranged at two ends of all the single batteries, and the two end plates are fixedly connected through pull rod bolts.

Further, the top and the bottom of galvanic pile are respectively provided with a baffle with covering, the baffle is installed two on the end plate to link up the ground and set up between air screen subassembly and the radiator.

Therefore, the air filter screen assembly, the electric pile and the radiator can form a closed air flow channel.

Furthermore, a strip-shaped hole is formed in the baffle plate located at the top and arranged in the length direction of the pull rod bolt, and the length of the strip-shaped hole is matched with the thickness of all the single batteries.

Further, the number of the heat radiation fans is 6 in a matrix in the lateral and longitudinal directions of the heat sink.

Further, the radiator is a tube-fin radiator or a tube-strip radiator.

To sum up, the utility model has the advantages of structural design is reasonable, can improve generating efficiency and power density under the circumstances of taking into account the water-cooling radiating effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the expanded structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an expanded structure of the stack 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an expanded structure of the unit cell.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

In the specific implementation: as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a cathode open type water-cooled fuel cell includes a stack 1 and a heat dissipation assembly 2, where the stack 1 includes a plurality of stacked unit cells, and current collecting plates 17 and end plates 18 disposed at two ends of all the unit cells, and the two end plates 18 are fixedly connected by tie bolts 19.

The single battery comprises a cathode plate 13 and an anode plate 14 which are oppositely arranged, the cathode plate 13 and the anode plate 14 are correspondingly provided with a cooling liquid conveying port 15 and an anode gas conveying port 16 which are communicated along the thickness direction, and the number of the cooling liquid conveying port 15 and the number of the anode gas conveying port 16 are both two; the side of the cathode plate 13 facing the anode plate 14 is provided with a cathode gas flow channel 11 which is arranged in a transverse or longitudinal through mode, the middle of the side of the anode plate 14 facing the cathode plate 13 is provided with an anode flow channel, and the anode flow channel is communicated with two anode gas conveying ports 16; and a cooling flow channel 12 is arranged on one side of the anode plate 14, which is far away from the cathode plate 13, and the cooling flow channel 12 is communicated with two cooling liquid conveying ports 15.

Radiator unit 2 includes to follow the direction of cathode gas runner 11 is installed the radiator 21 of 1 one side of galvanic pile, radiator 21's heat dissipation wind channel with the direction of cathode gas runner 11 is unanimous, radiator 21 deviates from the radiator fan 22 of setting of blowing outwards is installed to one side of galvanic pile 1, radiator 21 the end of intaking with the play water end of cooling runner 12 links to each other, the play water end of radiator 21 is connected with heat dissipation water pump 23, heat dissipation water pump 23's delivery port with the end of intaking of cooling runner 12 links to each other. In a specific implementation, the heat sink 21 may be a tube-fin heat sink or a tube-strip heat sink.

In this embodiment, the number of the heat dissipation fans 22 is 6 in a matrix in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the heat sink 21, and the heat dissipation fans are electrically connected to the stack 1 through a DC/DC converter mounted on the stack 1 and directly controlled by the power supplied from the stack 1. The electric energy of the galvanic pile can be directly converted into voltage suitable for the cooling fan through the DC/DC converter, and the cooling fan is driven to operate without an additional power supply. On the other hand, when the fuel cell is stopped, hydrogen inside the stack can continue to react to generate electric energy, and the electric energy can be directly consumed by the cooling fan.

Pile 1 deviates from air screen subassembly 3 is just installed to one side of radiator 21, air screen subassembly 3 is in including whole frame body 31 that is the rectangle and detachably setting the inside filter core 32 of frame body 31.

In order to make the air screen assembly, the stack and the radiator constitute a closed air flow passage, a baffle is respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the stack 1 in a covering manner, and the baffle is arranged on the two end plates 18 and is arranged between the air screen assembly 3 and the radiator 21 in an engaging manner. The baffle plate positioned at the top is provided with a strip-shaped hole arranged along the length direction of the pull rod bolt 19, and the length of the strip-shaped hole is matched with the thickness of all the single batteries.

Adopt the open water-cooled fuel cell of negative pole of this embodiment structure, on the one hand, in the coolant liquid passes through the pump and goes into the cooling runner, carry out the heat exchange with the pile in the cooling runner, the coolant liquid after the heating enters into the radiator, on the other hand, radiator fan bloies outwards and makes radiator and cathode gas runner form the negative pressure, the other end that the cathode gas runner just can be followed to the outside air enters into the cathode gas runner in, participate in the reaction on the one hand, the air after the reaction passes through the heat dissipation wind channel of radiator, and carry out the heat transfer with the radiator, cool down the coolant liquid in the radiator, the coolant liquid after the cooling is again through the pump of heat dissipation in the cooling runner, the circulation heat dissipation. In the structure, the heat radiation fan can be used for conveying enough air for the reaction of the galvanic pile, and can also be used for radiating the heat of the radiator by utilizing flowing air on the other hand, and meanwhile, the water cooling is used for radiating the galvanic pile, so that the heat radiation effect of the galvanic pile can be improved, and the generation efficiency and the power density can be improved under the condition of taking the water cooling heat radiation effect into consideration.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cathode open type water-cooling fuel cell comprises an electric pile (1) and a heat dissipation assembly (2), wherein the electric pile (1) comprises single cells which are arranged in a stacked mode, cathode gas flow channels (11) which are arranged in a transverse or longitudinal through mode are formed in the single cells, and cooling flow channels (12) are arranged between every two adjacent single cells; the heat dissipation assembly (2) is characterized by comprising a heat radiator (21) arranged on one side of the galvanic pile (1) along the direction of the cathode gas flow channel (11), wherein a heat dissipation air channel of the heat radiator (21) is consistent with the direction of the cathode gas flow channel (11), a heat dissipation fan (22) arranged by blowing outwards is arranged on one side of the galvanic pile (1) deviated from the heat radiator (21), the water inlet end of the heat radiator (21) is connected with the water outlet end of the cooling flow channel (12), the water outlet end of the heat radiator (21) is connected with a heat dissipation water pump (23), and the water outlet of the heat dissipation water pump (23) is connected with the water inlet end of the cooling flow channel (12).

2. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein an air screen assembly (3) is mounted directly opposite the side of the stack (1) facing away from the heat sink (21).

3. The cathode open water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the air screen assembly (3) includes a frame body (31) having a rectangular shape as a whole and a filter cartridge (32) detachably provided inside the frame body (31).

4. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a DC/DC converter is further mounted on the stack (1), and the heat radiation fan (22) is electrically connected to the stack (1) through the DC/DC converter.

5. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the single cell comprises a cathode plate (13) and an anode plate (14) which are oppositely arranged, the cathode plate (13) and the anode plate (14) are correspondingly provided with a cooling liquid delivery port (15) and an anode gas delivery port (16) which penetrate along the thickness direction, and the number of the cooling liquid delivery port (15) and the number of the anode gas delivery port (16) are two; the cathode gas flow channel (11) is arranged on one side of the cathode plate (13) facing the anode plate (14), the middle part of one side of the anode plate (14) facing the cathode plate (13) is provided with an anode flow channel, and the anode flow channel is communicated with the two anode gas conveying openings (16); and one side of the anode plate (14) departing from the cathode plate (13) is provided with the cooling flow channel (12), and the cooling flow channel (12) is communicated with the two cooling liquid conveying ports (15).

6. The cathode open water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the stack (1) further comprises current collecting plates (17) and end plates (18) disposed at both ends of all the unit cells, and the two end plates (18) are fixedly connected by tie bolts (19).

7. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein a baffle plate is coveringly provided on each of the top and bottom of the stack (1), the baffle plate being mounted on both of the end plates (18) and being contiguously provided between the air screen assembly (3) and the heat sink (21).

8. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein the baffle plate at the top has a strip-shaped hole arranged along the length direction of the tie bolt (19), and the length of the strip-shaped hole matches with the thickness of all the unit cells.

9. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the radiator fans (22) are arranged in a matrix in the lateral and longitudinal directions of the radiator (21).

10. The open cathode water-cooled fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the heat sink (21) is a tube-fin heat sink or a tube-band heat sink.