CN216528966U - Bipolar plate and fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Bipolar plate and fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN216528966U CN216528966U CN202122240602.2U CN202122240602U CN216528966U CN 216528966 U CN216528966 U CN 216528966U CN 202122240602 U CN202122240602 U CN 202122240602U CN 216528966 U CN216528966 U CN 216528966U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a bipolar plate and a fuel cell stack, wherein the bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, the outer side of the cathode plate is provided with an oxidant flow field, the outer side of the anode plate is provided with a fuel flow field, and a coolant flow field is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate; each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field and the coolant flow field comprises an inlet area, a first transition area, a reaction area, a second transition area and an outlet area which are sequentially communicated, the width of the first transition area is gradually increased, the width of the second transition area is gradually decreased along the flow direction, the first transition area and the second transition area are respectively provided with a plurality of first flow channels and second flow channels for shunting, the reaction area is provided with a plurality of reaction flow channels communicated with the first flow channels and the second flow channels, the angle between the first flow channels and the reaction flow channels is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the second flow channels and the reaction flow channels is an obtuse angle. The bipolar plate provided by the utility model has the advantages of reasonable flow channel design, uniform flow distribution, stable battery power output and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a bipolar plate and a fuel cell stack.
Background
The fuel cell is a power generation device which converts chemical energy in fuel (hydrogen, methanol, etc.) into electric energy, and is mainly formed by alternately overlapping three fluid distribution component bipolar plates of power generation component MEA (membrane electrode assembly, cathode electrode, electrolyte component) and oxidant gas (oxygen, air), fuel gas (hydrogen) and coolant fluid (deionized water), and adding sealing washer, insulating plate, current collector and end plate, etc. to assemble.
The bipolar plate consists of an anode plate and a cathode plate with flow channels, wherein the flow field formed by the surface flow channels is an oxidant flow field and a fuel flow field, and the flow channels in the middle of the anode plate and the cathode plate form a coolant flow field. The bipolar plate in the related art has the defect of unreasonable flow channel design, so that the defects of uneven flow distribution, influence on the power output and service life of the battery are easily caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides the bipolar plate which has the advantages of reasonable flow channel design, uniform flow distribution, stable battery power output and long service life.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a fuel cell stack.
The bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein an oxidant flow field is arranged on the outer side of the cathode plate, a fuel flow field is arranged on the outer side of the anode plate, the anode plate is connected with the cathode plate, and a coolant flow field is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate; each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field and the coolant flow field comprises an inlet area, a first transition area, a reaction area, a second transition area and an outlet area which are sequentially communicated, the width of the first transition area is gradually increased, the width of the second transition area is gradually decreased along the flow direction, the first transition area and the second transition area are respectively provided with a plurality of first flow channels and second flow channels for shunting, the reaction area is provided with a plurality of reaction flow channels communicated with the first flow channels and the second flow channels, the angle between the first flow channels and the reaction flow channels is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the second flow channels and the reaction flow channels is an obtuse angle.
According to the bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the width of the first transition area is gradually increased along the flow direction, the width of the second transition area is gradually decreased along the flow direction, and each of the oxidant, the fuel and the coolant can be uniformly distributed in each reaction flow channel of the reaction area under the divided flow of the first flow channel and the second flow channel, so that the current density at each position of the reaction area is uniform, the local overhigh heat cannot occur, the power output of the battery is stable, and the service life is long. Moreover, by setting the angle between the first flow channel and the reaction flow channel to be an obtuse angle and the angle between the second flow channel and the reaction flow channel to be an obtuse angle, the flow of each of the oxidant, the fuel and the coolant is smoother, thereby effectively reducing the pressure difference and improving the reactivity of the fuel cell stack.
In some embodiments, the first transition area and the second transition area are both fan-shaped areas, the reaction area is a rectangular area, the first flow channels are distributed in a fan shape, the second flow channels are distributed in a fan shape, and the reaction flow channels are parallel to each other.
In some embodiments, the number of first flow channels and the number of second flow channels are both less than the number of reaction flow channels.
In some embodiments, the reaction flow channel includes an oxidant flow channel located at the outer side of the cathode plate, a fuel flow channel located at the outer side of the anode plate, and a coolant flow channel located between the cathode plate and the anode plate, a plurality of the oxidant flow channels and a plurality of the coolant flow channels are distributed in a staggered manner in the width direction of the reaction zone, a plurality of the fuel flow channels and a plurality of the coolant flow channels are distributed in a staggered manner in the width direction of the reaction zone, and the widths of the oxidant flow channel, the fuel flow channel, and the coolant flow channel are all the same.
In some embodiments, each of the oxidant flow channel, the fuel flow channel, and the coolant flow channel has a channel width of 0.6mm to 1.5 mm.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of each of the oxidant flow passage and the fuel flow passage is 0.5 times the cross-sectional area of the coolant flow passage.
In some embodiments, the flow channel depth of each of the oxidant flow channel and the fuel flow channel is 0.2mm to 0.8 mm.
In some embodiments, the junction of each of the oxidant flow channels, the fuel flow channels and the coolant flow channels with adjacent land ridges is radiused with a fillet size of 0.1mm to 0.3 mm.
In some embodiments, the inlet region of each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field, and the coolant flow field is structurally identical to the outlet region, the inlet region comprising:
the first channel is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the first air outlet hole is formed in the cathode plate, and the first air outlet holes are adjacent to the first transition region and distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first transition region;
the fuel inlet, the second channel and the plurality of second air outlet holes are sequentially communicated, the second channel is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the second air outlet holes are formed in the anode plate, and the plurality of second air outlet holes are adjacent to the first transition region and are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first transition region; and
and the third channel is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate.
In some embodiments, a plurality of first flow dividing ribs are arranged in the first channel and are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first channel, and a plurality of second flow dividing ribs are arranged in the second channel and are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the second channel.
In some embodiments, the oxidant inlet has an area equal to an area of the fuel inlet, and the coolant inlet has an area 1.5 to 2.5 times an area of the oxidant inlet.
In some embodiments, the number of first outlet holes is greater than the number of second outlet holes.
In some embodiments, the inlet and outlet regions of each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field and the coolant flow field are symmetrically disposed with respect to a center of the cathode plate, the oxidant inlet and the fuel inlet being disposed at both ends of the cathode plate in a length direction.
In some embodiments, the outer edge of the cathode plate is provided with a first reinforcing rib, and the outer edge of the anode plate is provided with a second reinforcing rib.
In some embodiments, the anode plate and the cathode plate are equal in area and between 480cm2 and 540cm2, and the reaction zone is between 220cm2 and 270cm2 in area.
In some embodiments, the cathode plate and the anode plate are both stamped or hydroformed metal plates, and the cathode plate is bonded or welded to the anode plate.
A fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of bipolar plates, a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies, a first current collecting plate, a second current collecting plate, a first insulating plate, a second insulating plate, a first end plate and a second end plate, wherein the plurality of membrane electrode assemblies and the plurality of bipolar plates are arranged in a staggered and laminated mode; the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are respectively connected with the two bipolar plates on the outermost side; the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate are respectively laminated on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate; the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively laminated on the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate.
The technical advantages of the fuel cell stack according to embodiments of the present invention are the same as those of the bipolar plate described above and will not be described herein.
In some embodiments, the fuel cell stack further includes a plurality of first sealing rings and second sealing rings, a first groove surrounding each of the inlet region, the first transition region, the reaction region, the second transition region, and the outlet region is disposed on an outer side of the cathode plate, a second groove surrounding each of the inlet region, the first transition region, the reaction region, the second transition region, and the outlet region is disposed on an outer side of the anode plate, the first sealing rings are fitted in the first grooves and clamped between the membrane electrode assembly and the cathode plate, and the second sealing rings are fitted in the second grooves and clamped between the membrane electrode assembly and the anode plate.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a reaction zone in a bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the oxidant flow direction over the cathode plate in a bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the fuel flow direction over the anode plate in a bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of the coolant flow direction in a bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a cathode plate; 2. an anode plate; 3. an oxidant inlet; 3a, an oxidant outlet; 4. a fuel outlet; 4a, a fuel inlet; 5. a coolant inlet; 5a, a cold zone agent outlet; 6. a first transition zone; 7. a reaction zone; 8. a sector starting end; 8a, a fan-shaped termination end; 9. a first air outlet hole; 9a, a first air inlet hole; 10. a first reinforcing rib; 10a, a second reinforcing rib; 11. A second air outlet; 11a, a second air inlet hole; 12. a coolant flow passage; 13. an oxidant flow channel; 14. a fuel flow passage; 15. The depth of the flow channel; 16. the width of the flow channel; 17. a land ridge; 18. a first trench; 18a, a second trench; 19. a membrane electrode assembly; 20. a bipolar plate; 21. a first seal ring; 21a, a second sealing ring; 22. a first end plate; 22a, a second end plate; 23. A first insulating plate; 23a, a second insulating plate; 24. a first collector plate; 24a, a second collector plate; 25. a first flow distribution rib.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
A bipolar plate 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with fig. 1-7.
A bipolar plate 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2. The outer side of the cathode plate 1 is provided with an oxidant flow field, the outer side of the anode plate 2 is provided with a fuel flow field, the anode plate 2 is connected with the cathode plate 1, and a coolant flow field is formed between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2. Each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field and the coolant flow field comprises an inlet zone, a first transition zone 6, a reaction zone 7, a second transition zone and an outlet zone in sequential communication. In the flow direction, the width of the first transition zone 6 gradually increases and the width of the second transition zone gradually decreases. The first transition area 6 and the second transition area are respectively provided with a plurality of first runners and second runners for shunting, the reaction area 7 is provided with a plurality of reaction runners communicated with the first runners and the second runners, the angle between the first runners and the reaction runners is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the second runners and the reaction runners is an obtuse angle.
According to the bipolar plate 20 of the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the first transition region 6 with a width gradually increasing along the flow direction and the second transition region with a width gradually decreasing along the flow direction, each of the oxidant, the fuel and the coolant can be uniformly distributed in each reaction flow channel of the reaction region 7 under the split flow of the first flow channel and the second flow channel, thereby ensuring uniform current density at each position of the reaction region 7, no occurrence of excessive local heat, stable power output of the battery, and long service life. Moreover, by setting the angle between the first flow channel and the reaction flow channel to be an obtuse angle and the angle between the second flow channel and the reaction flow channel to be an obtuse angle, the flow of each of the oxidant, the fuel and the coolant is smoother, thereby effectively reducing the pressure difference and improving the reactivity of the fuel cell stack.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first transition zone 6 and the second transition zone are both fan-shaped zones, the reaction zone 7 is a rectangular zone, the plurality of first flow channels are fan-shaped, the plurality of second flow channels are fan-shaped, and the plurality of reaction flow channels are parallel to each other. By adopting the fan-shaped design, the flow channel does not have a small included angle (the included angle is more than 90 degrees), and the pressure difference of the flow channel cannot be too large.
Specifically, the sector start end 8 communicates with the inlet zone, the sector end 8a communicates with the reaction zone 7, and the number of the first flow channels and the number of the second flow channels are equal and are both smaller than the number of the reaction flow channels. Assuming that N flow channels are distributed in the sector area, N flow channels are distributed in the reaction area 7, and the flow of each flow channel in the sector area is uniformly distributed into N/N reaction flow channels from the first transition area 6 to the reaction area 7.
Compared with other structural designs, if the transition area adopts all the point-shaped bulges for fluid distribution, the transition area has no backflow of a flow channel, and the point-shaped structures easily cause uneven fluid distribution in the transition area. In another example, the transition region and the reaction region 7 all adopt serpentine flow fields, which easily causes uneven flow distribution of the flow channels of the main reaction region 7. If an L-shaped flow channel design structure is adopted, the L-shaped flow channel design has the defects that a flow channel has a smaller included angle, and a part of the flow channel has a 90-degree corner, so that the flow channel has larger pressure difference. The first transition area 6 and the second transition area of the embodiment of the utility model adopt fan-shaped structure distribution, the flow can be uniformly distributed in the flow channels in the transition area, and simultaneously from the first transition area 6 to the reaction area 7, the first transition area 6 enables each first flow channel to be uniformly distributed to the reaction flow channels in N/N equal parts, thereby realizing uniform flow distribution.
In this embodiment, N/N is preferably 3, that is, the first transition region 6 is configured such that the flow rate of each first flow channel corresponds to the flow rate of 3 reaction flow channels.
In some embodiments, the reaction flow channels include an oxidant flow channel 13 located outside of the cathode plate 1, a fuel flow channel 14 located outside of the anode plate 2, and a coolant flow channel 12 located between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2. As shown in fig. 2, the plurality of oxidant flow channels 13 and the plurality of coolant flow channels 12 are distributed in a staggered manner in the width direction of the reaction region 7, the plurality of fuel flow channels 14 and the plurality of coolant flow channels 12 are distributed in a staggered manner in the width direction of the reaction region 7, and the widths of the oxidant flow channels 13, the fuel flow channels 14, and the coolant flow channels 12 are all the same.
Therefore, the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are convenient to process in the reaction area 7, and the plurality of coolant flow channels 12 are uniformly distributed in the reaction area 7, so that uniform heat dissipation of all positions of the reaction area 7 is realized, and the stability of the output power of the battery is ensured.
In some embodiments, the flow channel width 16 of each of the oxidant flow channels 13, the fuel flow channels 14, and the coolant flow channels 12 is 0.6mm to 1.5 mm.
The oxidant is oxygen or air, the fuel is hydrogen, the coolant is deionized water (fluid), and the width of the flow channel 16 enables the oxidant, the fuel and the coolant to smoothly flow in the corresponding reaction flow channel, thereby effectively improving the reaction performance of the fuel cell stack.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of each of the oxidant flow channels 13 and the fuel flow channels 14 is 0.5 times the cross-sectional area of the coolant flow channels 12. Thereby, in the case where the coolant is a fluid, the pressure of the coolant fluid in the bipolar plate 20 is effectively reduced.
Specifically, the flow channel depth 15 of each of the oxidant flow channel 13 and the fuel flow channel 14 is 0.2mm to 0.8mm, and the flow channel depth 15 of the coolant flow channel 12 is 0.4mm to 1.6 mm.
In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the junction of each of the oxidant flow channels 13, fuel flow channels 14 and coolant flow channels 12 with adjacent land ridges 17 is radiused with a fillet size of 0.1mm to 0.3 mm. Thereby effectively improving the strength of each flow channel.
In some embodiments, the inlet region and the outlet region of each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field, and the coolant flow field are structurally identical.
As shown in fig. 3, the inlet zone comprises an oxidant inlet 3, a first channel and a plurality of first outlet holes 9 in sequential communication, the first channel communicating with the first transition zone 6 of the oxidant flow field via the plurality of first outlet holes 9. The first channel is formed between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, the first air outlet holes 9 are formed on the cathode plate 1, and the plurality of first air outlet holes 9 are adjacent to the first transition region 6 and are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first transition region 6. Correspondingly, the outlet area of the oxidant flow field also comprises an oxidant outlet 3a, a fourth channel and a plurality of first air inlet holes 9a which are communicated in sequence.
As shown in fig. 4, the inlet region further includes a fuel inlet 4a, a second channel and a plurality of second outlet holes 11 which are communicated in sequence, and the second channel is communicated with the first transition region 6 of the fuel flow field through the plurality of second outlet holes 11. The second channel is formed between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, the second air outlet holes 11 are formed on the anode plate 2, and the plurality of second air outlet holes 11 are adjacent to the first transition region 6 and are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first transition region 6. Correspondingly, the outlet area of the fuel flow field also comprises a fuel outlet 4, a fifth channel and a plurality of second air inlet holes 11a which are communicated in sequence.
The inlet region further comprises a coolant inlet 5 and a third channel which are communicated in sequence, the third channel is communicated with a first transition region 6 of the coolant flow field, and the third channel is formed between the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2. Correspondingly, the outlet area of the coolant flow field also comprises a coolant outlet and a sixth channel which are communicated in sequence.
In some embodiments, a plurality of first flow dividing ribs 25 are arranged in the first channel and a plurality of second flow dividing ribs are arranged in the second channel.
Taking the flow mode of the oxidant on the surface of the cathode plate 1 as an example, the following concrete description is given: oxidant gas enters the first channel from the oxidant inlet 3, is primarily divided by the first dividing ribs 25, flows out of the first channel from the first gas outlet holes 9 which are arranged side by side, and is converged to the first gas inlet holes 9a which are arranged side by side in the oxidant flow field flow channel on the outer surface of the cathode plate 1, enters the fourth channel from the first gas inlet holes 9a, and then flows out of the oxidant outlet 3 a. The fuel gas flow pattern is the same as the flow pattern of the oxidant gas and will not be described in detail here. The coolant flows in a mode that the coolant enters the third channel from the coolant inlet 5, then sequentially passes through the coolant flow field and the sixth channel, and finally flows out from the cold zone coolant outlet 5 a.
In some embodiments, the oxidant inlet 3 has an area equal to the area of the fuel inlet 4a, and the coolant inlet 5 has an area 1.5 to 2.5 times the area of the oxidant inlet 3.
In the case where the coolant (deionized water) is a liquid having a density much greater than the densities of the oxidant gas (air or oxygen) and the fuel agent gas (hydrogen), it is preferable to provide the coolant inlet 5 with an area 2 times the area of the oxidant inlet 3, thereby further ensuring that the difference in pressure drop of the coolant fluid in the coolant flow field is not excessive.
In some embodiments, as shown in figures 3 and 4, the number of first outlet holes 9 is greater than the number of second outlet holes 11.
In the actual gas demand process, the demand of the fuel gas is lower than that of the oxidant gas, the air density is higher than that of the hydrogen gas, and the number of the first air outlet holes 9 is larger than that of the second air outlet holes 11, so that the excessive difference of the hydrogen/air pressure on two sides of the bipolar plate 20 (the air side is larger than the hydrogen side) is effectively prevented, and the consistency of the hydrogen/air pressure is ensured.
In some embodiments, the inlet and outlet regions of each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field, and the coolant flow field are symmetrically disposed with respect to the center of the cathode plate 1, and the oxidant inlet 3 and the fuel inlet 4a are respectively disposed at both ends of the cathode plate 1 in the length direction. Namely, the oxidant and the fuel flow in a cross way, so that the distribution of the oxidant flow field and the fuel flow field on the bipolar plate 20 is convenient, and the design is reasonable.
In some embodiments, the outer edge of the cathode plate 1 is provided with first reinforcing ribs 10, and the outer edge of the anode plate 2 is provided with second reinforcing ribs 10 a. The cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are both metal plates formed by stamping or hydraulic forming, and the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are bonded or welded. By providing the first reinforcing ribs 10/the second reinforcing ribs 10a, the edge portions are effectively prevented from being warped and deformed during the process of punching the cathode plate 1/the anode plate 2.
In some embodiments, the anode plate 2 and cathode plate 1 are equal in area and 480cm2-540cm2The area of the reaction zone 7 was 220cm2-270cm2。
Namely, the area of the reaction zone 7 accounts for 40-50% of the area of the bipolar plate 20, the utilization rate of the bipolar plate 20 is high, and the reaction performance of the fuel cell stack is further improved.
As shown in fig. 6, a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of bipolar plates 20, a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 19, a first current collecting plate 24, a second current collecting plate 24a, a first insulating plate 23, a second insulating plate 23a, a first end plate 22, and a second end plate 22a, as in any of the above embodiments, and the plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 19 are alternately stacked with the plurality of bipolar plates 20. A first current collecting plate 24 and a second current collecting plate 24a are connected to the outermost two bipolar plates 20, respectively. The first insulating plate 23 and the second insulating plate 23a are laminated on the first current collecting plate 24 and the second current collecting plate 24a, respectively. The first end plate 22 and the second end plate 22a are respectively laminated on the first insulating plate 23 and the second insulating plate 23 a.
The fuel cell stack according to the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a plurality of bipolar plates 20 and a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 19 which are alternately stacked, so that the output power and the output voltage of the fuel cell stack can be effectively adjusted, and the adaptability is strong.
The remaining technical advantages of the fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the bipolar plate 20 described above and will not be described herein.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the fuel cell stack further includes a plurality of first and second seal rings 21 and 21 a. The outer side of the cathode plate 1 is provided with a first groove 18 surrounding each of the inlet area, the first transition area 6, the reaction area 7, the second transition area and the outlet area, the outer side of the anode plate 2 is provided with a second groove 18a surrounding each of the inlet area, the first transition area 6, the reaction area 7, the second transition area and the outlet area, a first sealing ring 21 is matched in the first groove 18 and clamped between the membrane electrode assembly 19 and the cathode plate 1, and a second sealing ring 21a is matched in the second groove 18a and clamped between the membrane electrode assembly 19 and the anode plate 2. Therefore, the first sealing ring 21 and the second sealing ring 21a ensure that the three fluids do not blow by each other, and the reactivity of the fuel cell stack is ensured.
Specifically, the first groove 18 and the second groove 18a have the same width and are 2mm to 5mm, and the depth is 0.2mm to 0.8 mm. The first seal ring 21 and the second seal ring 21a may be a solid silicone rubber strip.
Alternatively, the first trench 18 and the second trench 18a may be filled and sealed by a dispensing sealing method.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. A bipolar plate, comprising: the fuel cell comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein an oxidant flow field is arranged on the outer side of the cathode plate, a fuel flow field is arranged on the outer side of the anode plate, the anode plate is connected with the cathode plate, and a coolant flow field is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate;
each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field and the coolant flow field comprises an inlet area, a first transition area, a reaction area, a second transition area and an outlet area which are sequentially communicated, the width of the first transition area is gradually increased, the width of the second transition area is gradually decreased along the flow direction, the first transition area and the second transition area are respectively provided with a plurality of first flow channels and second flow channels for shunting, the reaction area is provided with a plurality of reaction flow channels communicated with the first flow channels and the second flow channels, the angle between the first flow channels and the reaction flow channels is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the second flow channels and the reaction flow channels is an obtuse angle.
2. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said first transition area and said second transition area are each a sector area, said reaction area is a rectangular area, a plurality of said first flow channels are distributed in a sector shape, a plurality of said second flow channels are distributed in a sector shape, and a plurality of said reaction flow channels are parallel to each other.
3. The bipolar plate of claim 2 wherein the number of first flow channels and the number of second flow channels are each less than the number of reaction flow channels.
4. The bipolar plate of claim 1 wherein said reaction flow channels comprise an oxidant flow channel on the outside of said cathode plate, a fuel flow channel on the outside of said anode plate, and a coolant flow channel between said cathode plate and said anode plate, a plurality of said oxidant flow channels and a plurality of said coolant flow channels are staggered across the width of said reaction zone, a plurality of said fuel flow channels and a plurality of said coolant flow channels are staggered across the width of said reaction zone, and the widths of said oxidant flow channel, said fuel flow channel, and said coolant flow channels are the same.
5. The bipolar plate of claim 4 wherein each of said oxidant flow channels, said fuel flow channels, and said coolant flow channels has a channel width of 0.6mm to 1.5 mm.
6. The bipolar plate of claim 4 wherein the cross-sectional area of each of said oxidant flow channels and said fuel flow channels is 0.5 times the cross-sectional area of said coolant flow channels.
7. The bipolar plate of claim 6 wherein each of said oxidant flow channels and said fuel flow channels has a channel depth of 0.2mm to 0.8 mm.
8. The bipolar plate of claim 4 wherein the junction of each of the oxidant flow channels, the fuel flow channels and the coolant flow channels with adjacent lands is radiused with a fillet size of 0.1mm to 0.3 mm.
9. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the inlet region of each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field, and the coolant flow field is structurally identical to the outlet region, the inlet region comprising:
the first channel is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the first air outlet hole is formed in the cathode plate, and the first air outlet holes are adjacent to the first transition region and distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first transition region;
the fuel inlet, the second channel and the plurality of second air outlet holes are sequentially communicated, the second channel is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the second air outlet holes are formed in the anode plate, and the plurality of second air outlet holes are adjacent to the first transition region and are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the first transition region; and
and the third channel is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate.
10. The bipolar plate of claim 9, wherein a plurality of first flow-dividing ribs are disposed in the first channel at intervals along the width direction of the first channel, and a plurality of second flow-dividing ribs are disposed in the second channel at intervals along the width direction of the second channel.
11. A bipolar plate as claimed in claim 9, wherein the oxidant inlet has an area equal to that of the fuel inlet, and the coolant inlet has an area 1.5 to 2.5 times the area of the oxidant inlet.
12. The bipolar plate of claim 9, wherein the number of first gas outlet holes is greater than the number of second gas outlet holes.
13. The bipolar plate of claim 9, wherein the inlet and outlet regions of each of the oxidant flow field, the fuel flow field, and the coolant flow field are symmetrically disposed with respect to a center of the cathode plate, the oxidant inlet and the fuel inlet being disposed at both ends of the cathode plate in a length direction thereof.
14. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the cathode plate is provided at an outer edge thereof with first reinforcing ribs, and the anode plate is provided at an outer edge thereof with second reinforcing ribs.
15. The bipolar plate of claim 1 wherein said anode plate and said cathode plate are equal in area and are 480cm in size2-540cm2The area of the reaction zone is 220cm2-270cm2。
16. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate are each a metal plate formed by stamping or hydroforming, and the cathode plate is bonded or welded to the anode plate.
17. A fuel cell stack, comprising:
a plurality of bipolar plates according to any one of claims 1 to 16;
a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies and a plurality of bipolar plates are arranged in a staggered and laminated mode;
the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate are respectively connected with the two bipolar plates on the outermost side;
the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate are respectively laminated on the first current collecting plate and the second current collecting plate; and
a first end plate and a second end plate, the first end plate and the second end plate being respectively laminated on the first insulating plate and the second insulating plate.
18. The fuel cell stack of claim 17 further comprising a plurality of first and second seal rings, wherein the cathode plate has a first groove around each of the inlet, first transition, reaction, second transition and outlet regions on an outer side thereof, the anode plate has a second groove around each of the inlet, first transition, reaction, second transition and outlet regions on an outer side thereof, the first seal ring fits within the first groove and is sandwiched between the membrane electrode assembly and the cathode plate, and the second seal ring fits within the second groove and is sandwiched between the membrane electrode assembly and the anode plate.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114156500A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-03-08 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Bipolar plate and fuel cell stack |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114156500A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-03-08 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Bipolar plate and fuel cell stack |
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