CN116480343B - Underground water layering monitoring well and well forming method thereof - Google Patents
Underground water layering monitoring well and well forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116480343B CN116480343B CN202310698765.6A CN202310698765A CN116480343B CN 116480343 B CN116480343 B CN 116480343B CN 202310698765 A CN202310698765 A CN 202310698765A CN 116480343 B CN116480343 B CN 116480343B
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underground water layered monitoring well and a well forming method thereof, and relates to the technical field of underground water environment monitoring. The monitoring well comprises a plurality of monitoring well pipes and a plurality of water permeable cavities; the monitoring well pipe comprises a monitoring well pipe upper section and a monitoring well pipe lower section, wherein the monitoring well pipe upper section is designed into a plurality of sections according to the length, and adjacent sections are connected through monitoring well pipe joints; the lower section of the monitoring well pipe is connected with the upper section of the lowest monitoring well pipe in a segmented manner; the monitoring well pipes are distributed on the periphery of the permeable cavity; the monitoring well pipe is communicated with the water permeable cavity; the water permeable cavity is cylindrical, and a plurality of water inlets are formed in the side face of the water permeable cavity; each aquifer to be detected is provided with a permeable cavity and a monitoring well pipe. The invention solves the problem of well pipe blockage through the arrangement of the water permeable cavity. The monitoring well pipe of each aquifer is independently arranged, so that the high-efficiency monitoring of more than two aquifers is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of groundwater environment monitoring, in particular to an underground water layered monitoring well and a well forming method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, environmental problems are increasingly prominent, and the monitoring work of groundwater has a vital significance for the pollution investigation of groundwater environment. In the prior art, the underground water is monitored mostly through a monitoring well, the monitoring well can be used for monitoring the water level, pumping water for sampling and assaying (measuring physicochemical properties), measuring the well temperature and the like, and the quality condition of the underground water environment and the dynamic distribution change condition of pollutants in the underground water body can be accurately mastered through the monitoring well. The monitoring well typically includes wellhead protection devices, casing, packer water barriers, drainage tubes, packing filters, settling legs, and bottoms. However, a common monitoring well cannot realize multi-layer underground water monitoring, and cannot realize simultaneous monitoring of multiple water-bearing layers. The existing monitoring well capable of realizing underground water layer monitoring is easy to block after a period of use due to the cement component of the aquifer, and only two aquifers can be sampled, the structural design is a mode of directly inserting the monitoring pipe, the later maintenance is difficult, and the use efficiency of the monitoring well is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an underground water layering monitoring well and a well forming method thereof, and solves the problem of well pipe blockage by arranging a water permeable cavity. The monitoring well pipe of each aquifer is independently arranged, so that later maintenance is facilitated, and efficient monitoring of more than two aquifers is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a subsurface water layered monitoring well comprising:
a plurality of monitoring well pipes and a plurality of water permeable cavities; the monitoring well pipe comprises a monitoring well pipe upper section and a monitoring well pipe lower section, wherein the monitoring well pipe upper section is designed into a plurality of sections according to the length, and adjacent sections are connected through monitoring well pipe joints; the lower section of the monitoring well pipe is connected with the upper section of the lowest monitoring well pipe in a segmented mode; the monitoring well pipes are distributed on the periphery of the permeable cavity, and the central axis of the monitoring well pipes is parallel to the central axis of the permeable cavity; the monitoring well pipe is communicated with the water permeable cavity; the water permeable cavity is cylindrical, and a plurality of water inlets are formed in the side face of the water permeable cavity; each water-bearing layer to be detected is provided with a water-permeable cavity and a monitoring well pipe, and the central axes of the water-permeable cavities in each water-bearing layer are coincident.
Further, monitoring the filling gravel materials of the aquifer parts among the well pipe, the permeable cavity and the hole wall; and a sealing layer is arranged at the water-resisting layer part among the monitoring well pipe, the water permeable cavity and the hole wall.
Further, when the aquifer to be detected is a pore aquifer, the water permeable cavity is a first-type water permeable cavity, and the first-type water permeable cavity is opened up and down; adjacent first-type water-permeable cavities are connected through a main well pipe; the main well pipe is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the first type water permeable cavity; the main well pipe is overlapped with the central axis of the first-type water permeable cavity; a packing device perpendicular to the central axis of the main well pipe is arranged in each main well pipe; a supporting rod is arranged between the adjacent packing devices.
Further, the monitoring well pipe is arranged outside the first-type water permeable cavity, and the first-type water permeable cavity is fixedly connected with the monitoring well pipe through the fixing support; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the first type water permeable cavity.
Further, the first-type water permeable cavity is communicated with the monitoring well pipe through a stress relief pipe.
Further, the packing device is a piston packer and is arranged on the water-resisting layer.
Further, when the aquifer to be detected is a bedrock aquifer, the water permeable cavity is a second-style water permeable cavity, the second-style water permeable cavity is arranged in a segmented manner, and the second-style water permeable cavity is sealed up and down; the adjacent water permeable cavities in the second pattern are not communicated; the second-type water permeable cavity is connected with the drill rod; the upper surface of the second-style water-permeable cavity is provided with a reverse thread joint; the inverted thread joint is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod; and the drill rod is sleeved with a centralizer.
Further, the pore and bedrock composite aquifer is divided into a pore aquifer part and a bedrock aquifer part; when the aquifer to be detected is a pore and bedrock composite aquifer, the water permeable cavity of the pore aquifer part is a first type water permeable cavity, and the first type water permeable cavity is opened up and down; adjacent first-type water-permeable cavities are connected through a main well pipe; the main well pipe is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the first type water permeable cavity; the main well pipe is overlapped with the central axis of the first-type water permeable cavity; a packing device perpendicular to the central axis of the main well pipe is arranged in each main well pipe; the monitoring well pipe is arranged outside the first-type water permeable cavity, and the first-type water permeable cavity is fixedly connected with the monitoring well pipe through the fixing bracket; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the first type water permeable cavity; a process well pipe is arranged in the main well pipe and the first type water permeable cavity;
the permeable cavity of the bedrock aquifer part is arranged in a segmented manner; the water permeable cavity adopts a third-style water permeable cavity, the third-style water permeable cavity is sealed up and down, and the side surface of the third-style water permeable cavity is provided with a groove which is suitable for a monitoring well pipe; the monitoring well pipe is placed in the groove and connected with the third-style water permeable cavity through a pipeline; the monitoring well pipe is led into the ground through the process well pipe.
Further, the third type water permeable cavity of the bedrock aquifer part is connected with a drill rod; the upper surface of the third-style water-permeable cavity is provided with a reverse thread joint; the inverted thread joint is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod; and the drill rod is sleeved with a centralizer.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a well completion method based on the first aspect of subsurface water layer monitoring well, comprising the steps of:
determining the position of an aquifer according to hydrogeological conditions, and grouping the aquifers;
drilling wells according to the water-bearing layer groups, and scraping walls after the wells are formed;
the monitoring well pipe and the permeable cavity are put into the well after wall scraping, and then the aquifer is subjected to layered gravel filling and water stopping operation, so that a preliminary monitoring well is formed;
and flushing the primary monitoring well, and checking the primary monitoring well by using a pumping test to obtain a final monitoring well.
The one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses an underground water layer monitoring well and a well forming method thereof, which can realize simultaneous monitoring of a porous aquifer, a bedrock aquifer and a multi-layer aquifer of a porous and bedrock composite aquifer. Each water-containing layer is internally provided with a water permeable cavity, so that the problem that the existing monitoring well pipe is easy to block is solved. According to the invention, through the design that the monitoring well pipe of each water-bearing layer is independently arranged at the periphery of the water-permeable cavity, the monitoring well can monitor more than two layers of water-bearing layers, and the maintenance of the monitoring well is more convenient in the later period. The monitoring well construction process is simple, the operability is high, the service life of the monitoring well is prolonged, and the monitoring performance is improved.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mesoporous aquifer monitoring well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mounting structure of a limit bracket in a monitoring well pipe in a bedrock aquifer monitoring well according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a well tubular structure for monitoring in a mesoporous aquifer monitoring well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a slit tube Bao Wangjie according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a 4-monitor well casing plan in a mesoporous aquifer monitor well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of an 8-monitor well casing in a mesoporous aquifer monitor well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bedrock aquifer monitoring well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second type of water permeable cavity according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a drill rod according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a 4-monitor well casing plan in a bedrock aquifer monitor well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of an 8-monitor well casing plan in a bedrock aquifer monitor well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a composite water-bearing layer monitoring well with mesopores and bedrock in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a third type of water permeable cavity according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
wherein 1, a monitoring well pipe, 2, a well cover, 3, a monitoring water level, 4, a loose stratum, 5, a hole wall, 6, an aquifer, 7, a water-resisting layer, 8, a gravel material, 9, a sealing layer, 10, a fixed support, 11, a support rod, 12, a support rod joint, 13, a sealing device, 14, a permeable cavity, 15, a welding seam, 16, a slotted pipe wrapping net, 17 and a reverse thread joint, 18, water inlet holes, 19, drill pipes, 20, centralizers, 21, process well pipes, 22, grooves, 23, an upper monitoring well pipe section, 24, a monitoring well pipe joint, 25, a stress relief pipe, 26, a lower monitoring well pipe section, 27, a first type water permeable cavity, 28, a second type water permeable cavity, 29 and a third type water permeable cavity.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
embodiment one:
an embodiment of the present invention provides a subsurface water layered monitoring well, comprising:
a plurality of monitoring well pipes 1 and a plurality of water permeable cavities 14; sampling monitoring work is performed by using the monitored water level 3 in the monitoring well pipe 1. The monitoring well pipe 1 comprises a monitoring well pipe upper section 23 and a monitoring well pipe lower section 26, wherein the monitoring well pipe upper section is designed into a plurality of sections according to the length, and adjacent sections are connected through a monitoring well pipe joint 24; in order to ensure the tightness of the monitoring well pipe 1, the monitoring well pipe sections are connected by adopting threads and are clamped with rope hemp and sealant. The lower monitor well pipe section 26 is connected in sections to the lowermost upper monitor well pipe section 23. The lower section 26 of the monitoring well pipe is used as a sinking section, so that the functional quality of the monitoring well is prevented from being reduced due to falling objects. The monitoring well pipe 1 is distributed on the periphery of the permeable cavity 14, and the central axis of the monitoring well pipe 1 is parallel to the central axis of the permeable cavity 14; the monitoring well pipe 1 is communicated with the water permeable cavity 14; the water permeable cavity 14 is cylindrical, and a plurality of water inlets 18 are arranged on the side surface; each aquifer 6 to be detected is provided with a water permeable cavity 14 and a monitoring well pipe 1, and the central axes of the water permeable cavities 14 in each aquifer 6 are coincident. Monitoring the partial filling of the aquifer 6 with gravel 8 between the well pipe 1, the water permeable cavity 14 and the hole wall 5; the sealing layer 9 is arranged on the part of the water-resisting layer 7 among the monitoring well pipe 1, the water-permeable cavity 14 and the hole wall 5. The well pipes are made of stainless steel or carbon steel according to requirements, and the well pipes are fixed in a welding mode. In the present embodiment, the water permeable cavity 14 includes three kinds of water permeable cavities 27 of the first type, 28 of the second type, and 29 of the third type.
In a specific embodiment, the above-described subsurface water layer monitoring well can be used for multi-layer (more than two layers) aquifer monitoring, and can also be used for heterogeneous aquifer monitoring. The detailed description is now made with the hierarchical monitoring of the pore aquifer, the bedrock aquifer and the pore and bedrock composite aquifer respectively:
(1) Pore aquifer layering monitoring
When the aquifer 6 to be detected is an porous aquifer, as shown in fig. 1, for example, 4 porous aquifer monitoring, each layer includes an aquifer 6 and a water barrier 7. Each aquifer 6 to be detected is detected, each aquifer 6 to be detected is provided with a water permeable cavity 14 and a monitoring well pipe 1, and the central axes of the water permeable cavities 14 in each aquifer 6 are coincident. The water-bearing layer part between the outer wall of the main pipe well and the borehole wall 5 is filled with quartz gravel 8 as a water filtering layer, and the water-resisting layer 7 part adopts clay balls as a sealing layer 9 for water stopping. The inner walls of the main pipe wells are provided with piston type packing devices 13, support rods 11 are fixed between the piston type packing devices, the support rods 11 are divided into a plurality of sections, and the sections of the support rods are connected through support rod joints 12. And finally, constructing ground facilities such as a wellhead, covering a loose stratum 4 at a position close to the ground, and arranging a well cover 2 at the top end of the monitoring well pipe to form a complete monitoring well. As shown in fig. 2, a special limit bracket is used between every two intervals of the monitoring well pipe 1, and the limit bracket can be a circular hoop structure made of steel bars or steel strips, so that the perpendicularity and the neatness between the pipe wells are ensured in order to prevent the well pipe from tilting in construction.
As shown in fig. 3, the water permeable cavity 14 is a first-type water permeable cavity 27, and the first-type water permeable cavity 27 is a bridge type water filter pipe and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening; the first type water permeable cavity 27 is treated with the slotted tube wrapped net 16 to prevent fine particles from entering the water filtering tube, and the slotted tube wrapped net 16 is structured as shown in fig. 4. Adjacent first-type water permeable cavities 27 are connected by a segmented main well pipe. Specifically, the welding seams 15 are connected in a welding mode; the main well pipe is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the first type water permeable cavity 27; the main well pipe is coincided with the central axis of the first type water permeable cavity 27; a piston type packing device 13 perpendicular to the central axis of the main well pipe is arranged in each main well pipe; a support rod 11 is arranged between adjacent packing devices 13. The packing device 13 is a piston type packer, is arranged on the part of the water-resisting layer 7, is made of rubber material outside the piston, is easy to take out, and is convenient for maintenance and repair for a monitoring well in the later period, and underground electronic monitoring equipment is arranged.
When the monitoring well pipes 1 are arranged outside the first type water permeable cavity 27 and the pore aquifer is monitored in a layered mode, the number of the monitoring well pipes 1 is determined according to the number of the aquifer layers to be monitored specifically, the distribution modes are shown in fig. 5 and 6, 4 monitoring well pipes are distributed in fig. 5, and 8 monitoring well pipes are distributed in fig. 6. The first type water permeable cavity 27 is fixedly connected with the monitoring well pipe 1 by using the fixing bracket 10 in a welding mode; in order to ensure firmness, the monitoring well pipe and the main well pipe are also connected and fixed by a welding mode through the fixing bracket 10; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the first type water permeable cavity. The first mode water permeable cavity is communicated with the monitoring well pipe through the stress relief pipe 25, so that damage to the connecting part caused by deformation stress is avoided, and the monitoring well is scrapped.
The monitoring well can monitor the layer number at most，
Wherein N is the number of monitoring layers, R is the outer diameter of the monitoring well pipe, and R is the outer diameter of the main well pipe.
The calculation formula of the drilling diameter is as follows:
wherein D is the diameter of the borehole, ">For monitoring the distance between the well pipe and the outer diameter of the main pipe well +.>In order to monitor the diameter distance between the outer wall of the well pipe and the wall of the well, R is the outer diameter of the well pipe, R is the outer diameter of the main well pipe, and +.>，/>。
(2) Bedrock aquifer layering monitoring
When the aquifer 6 to be detected is a bedrock aquifer, as shown in fig. 7, taking 4 bedrock aquifer monitoring as an example, each layer comprises an aquifer 6 and a water-resistant layer 7, and a loose stratum 4 is covered near the ground position. The bedrock aquifer adopts the sectional type water permeable cavity 14 design, can prevent to cause the monitoring well pipe 1 to block up because of aquifer muddy composition like this, also can increase the water yield of monitoring well pipe 1, reduce the monitoring well maintenance cycle, lengthen monitoring well life by a wide margin. Each aquifer 6 is detected, each aquifer 6 to be detected is provided with a water permeable cavity and a monitoring well pipe 1, and the central axes of the water permeable cavities 14 in each aquifer 6 are coincident. The monitoring well pipe 1 is in threaded connection, the water permeable cavities 14 are wrapped in a net in advance, then gravel materials 8 are put into the limit depth of the water-bearing layer 6 and the water-resisting layer 7, the depth of the entering is measured by using a well depth meter, then the grouting pipe is used for injecting early-strength micro-expansion cement as a sealing layer 9 to the top of the water-resisting layer 7, and after the cement is initially set, repeated work is continued until the entering of all the water permeable cavities of the monitoring well is completed.
The water permeable cavity is a second type water permeable cavity 28, has simple design structure and convenient processing, and can monitor more than 4 layers of water-bearing layers. The second type water permeable cavities 28 are arranged in sections, as shown in fig. 8, the second type water permeable cavities 28 are closed up and down, the side water inlet holes 18 are bridge type water inlet holes, and the bridge is the water inlet holes for processing the cut seam pipe wrapping net 16. The adjacent second pattern water permeable cavities 28 are not communicated; the second pattern water permeable cavity 28 is connected with the drill rod 19; the upper surface of the second-style water permeable cavity is provided with a reverse thread joint 17; the reverse thread joint 17 is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod 19; as shown in fig. 9, the drill rod 19 is sleeved with a centralizer 20, and the second type of water permeable cavity is lowered into the borehole through the drill rod 19 and the centralizer 20. The water permeable cavity is sent into the underground by using the drill rod, and the drill rod is used for being put into the water permeable cavity to be difficult to twist due to the existence of a drilling machine after well completion, the drill rod is twisted after being put into the water permeable cavity, and the screw is tripped, so that the drill rod is lifted.
The second type water permeable cavity 28 is fixedly connected with the monitoring well pipe 1 through the fixed bracket 10 in a welding mode; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the water permeable cavity of the second pattern. The second type water permeable cavity is communicated with the monitoring well pipe through the stress relief pipe, so that damage to the connecting part caused by deformation stress is avoided, and the monitoring well is scrapped. When the bedrock aquifer is monitored in a layering manner, the number of the monitoring well pipes is determined according to the number of the specifically monitored aquifer layers, the distribution modes are shown in fig. 10 and 11, 4 monitoring well pipes are distributed in fig. 10, and 8 monitoring well pipes are distributed in fig. 11.
The monitoring well can monitor the layer number at most，
Wherein N is the number of monitoring layers, R is the outer diameter of the monitoring well pipe, and R is the outer diameter of the main well pipe.
The calculation formula of the drilling diameter is as follows:
wherein D is the diameter of the borehole, ">For monitoring the distance between the well pipe and the outer diameter of the main pipe well +.>In order to monitor the diameter distance between the outer wall of the well pipe and the wall of the well, R is the outer diameter of the well pipe, R is the outer diameter of the main well pipe, and +.>，/>. For drilling holes with small depth and very small hole quality, the +.>Distance of (1) so that>。
In order to greatly reduce construction difficulty, the design process of the monitoring well in the layered monitoring process of the pore aquifer comprises the following steps: and after drilling the drill hole to a preset depth, determining the position of the monitored aquifer and the position of the water-resisting layer according to the hydrogeological recording result. The drilling is a bare hole, gravel with a certain depth is filled at the bottommost part of the drilling, a drill rod and a centralizer are used for entering a water permeable cavity, threaded connection is adopted between monitoring well pipes, a second-type water permeable cavity is wrapped in advance, then the gravel is thrown into the limit depth of a water-bearing layer and a water-resisting layer, the depth of entering is measured by using a well depth meter, then early-strength micro-expansion cement is injected into a grouting pipe to serve as a sealing layer to the top of the water-resisting layer, and after initial setting of the cement is completed, repeated work is continued until entering of all second-type water permeable cavities of the monitoring well is completed. And finally, pumping and flushing the well by adopting a self-priming pump (shallow water level) or a small-diameter submersible pump, so as to finish the construction of the monitoring well.
(3) Layered monitoring of pore and bedrock composite aquifer
The pore and bedrock composite aquifer is divided into a pore aquifer part and a bedrock aquifer part; when the aquifer to be detected is a composite aquifer of pores and bedrock, as shown in fig. 12, 4 aquifer monitoring is taken as an example, wherein the lower two layers are the aquifer of bedrock and the upper two layers are the aquifer of pores. Each layer comprises an aquifer 6 and a water-resisting layer 7, the aquifer 6 of each layer is detected, each aquifer 6 to be detected is provided with a water permeable cavity 14 and a monitoring well pipe 1, and the central axes of the water permeable cavities 14 in each aquifer 6 are coincident. A third pattern of permeable cavities 29 is employed in the bedrock aquifer and a first pattern of permeable cavities 27 is employed in the pore aquifer. The bedrock aquifer adopts sectional type water permeable cavity 14 design, is threaded connection between the monitoring well pipe 1, then drops into gravel 8 to aquifer 6 and water barrier 7 boundary degree of depth to use the well depth appearance to survey the degree of depth of going into, then use grouting pipe injection early strength micro expansion cement as sealing layer 9 to water barrier 7 top, after the cement accomplishes the initial setting, continue repetition work, until accomplish the whereabouts of all water permeable cavities of monitoring well. The water-bearing layer part between the outer wall of the main pipe well of the pore water-bearing layer and the wall of the drilling hole is filled with Dan Yingli material 8 as a water-filtering layer, and the water-resisting layer part adopts clay balls as sealing layers for water stop. The piston type packing device 13 is adopted between the inner walls of the main pipe well, the process well pipe 21 is arranged in the main pipe well and the first type water permeable cavity, and the process well pipe 21 is used for facilitating packing and maintenance of the monitoring well pipe of the bedrock aquifer part. The observation holes of the bedrock are more, the porous packer is not easy to realize, and the packer is arranged by using the process well pipe, so that the porous water-bearing layer can be better sealed. If necessary, the process well pipe can be put forward for repairing the pore well section.
And finally, constructing ground facilities such as a wellhead, covering a loose stratum at a position close to the ground, and arranging a well cover at the top end of the monitoring well pipe to form the complete monitoring well.
The water permeable cavity of the pore water-bearing layer part is a first-type water permeable cavity, and the first-type water permeable cavity is opened up and down; adjacent first-type water-permeable cavities are connected through a main well pipe; the main well pipe is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the first type water permeable cavity; the main well pipe is overlapped with the central axis of the first type water permeable cavity; a packing device perpendicular to the central axis of the main well pipe is arranged in each main well pipe; the monitoring well pipe is arranged at the outer side of the first-type water permeable cavity, and the first-type water permeable cavity is fixedly connected with the monitoring well pipe through the fixing bracket; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the first type water permeable cavity; and the main well pipe and the first type water permeable cavity are internally provided with a process well pipe.
The permeable cavity of the bedrock aquifer part is arranged in a segmented way; the third type water permeable cavity is adopted in the water permeable cavity, the structure is complex, the water permeable cavity can be used for small caliber, as shown in fig. 13, the side water inlet is a bridge type water inlet, and the bridge type water inlet can not be covered with a net, so that the water inlet is dense relative to the second type water permeable cavity, the pores are smaller, and the water permeable cavity can only be used for not more than 4 layers of water-bearing layers. The third type water permeable cavity is sealed up and down, and the side surface is provided with a groove 22 which is suitable for the monitoring well pipe; the monitoring well pipe is placed in the groove 22 and connected with the third-style water permeable cavity through a pipeline; the monitoring well pipe is led into the ground through the process well pipe.
The third type water permeable cavity of the bedrock aquifer part is connected with the drill rod; the upper surface of the third-style water-permeable cavity is provided with a reverse thread joint; the inverted thread joint is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod; and the drill rod is sleeved with a centralizer.
The design process of the monitoring well in the layering monitoring process of the pore and bedrock composite aquifer comprises the following steps: the pore water part is large pore diameter, and the bedrock well is small pore diameter. In drilling construction, after the construction pore water monitoring part is completed, a process sleeve is put into as a mud circulation channel, and a small-diameter bedrock drilling part is constructed. And filling gravel materials with a certain depth after reaching a preset depth, putting into a third-style water permeable cavity, continuing to put into the gravel materials to be filled into the boundary part between the upper part of the water-bearing layer and the water-resisting layer, measuring the put-in depth by using a well depth meter, then injecting early-strength micro-expansion cement as a sealing layer to the top of the water-resisting layer by using a grouting pipe, and continuing to repeatedly work until the cement finishes initial setting, until the put-in of all bedrock part water permeable cavities of the monitoring well is completed. Then the process well pipe is put in, the bedrock monitoring well pipe is all led to the ground through the process well pipe, the packing piston is arranged on the outer side of the process well pipe at the pore water-resisting layer part, the process well pipe is arranged for easier construction and better packing of the pore water-bearing layer, the process well pipes are in threaded connection, the later pulling is convenient, and the well repair is carried out on the pore water part.
Embodiment two:
the second embodiment of the invention provides a well forming method based on the underground water layer monitoring well of the first embodiment, which comprises site selection, well forming, wall scraping, pipe descending, layer gravel filling, water stopping, water pumping, well flushing and piston packing; the method comprises the following steps:
and step 1, determining the position of the aquifer according to the hydrogeological conditions, and grouping the aquifers.
And 2, drilling according to the water-bearing layer group, and scraping the wall after the well is formed.
And 3, the monitoring well pipe and the permeable cavity are put into the well after wall scraping, and then the aquifer is subjected to layered gravel filling and water stopping operation, so that a preliminary monitoring well is formed.
And step 4, flushing the primary monitoring well, and checking the primary monitoring well by using a pumping test to obtain a final monitoring well to obtain the final monitoring well.
The steps involved in the second embodiment correspond to those of the first embodiment of the method, and the detailed description of the second embodiment can be found in the related description section of the first embodiment.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A subsurface water layered monitoring well, comprising: a plurality of monitoring well pipes and a plurality of water permeable cavities; the monitoring well pipe comprises a monitoring well pipe upper section and a monitoring well pipe lower section, wherein the monitoring well pipe upper section is designed into a plurality of sections according to the length, and adjacent sections are connected through monitoring well pipe joints; the lower section of the monitoring well pipe is connected with the upper section of the lowest monitoring well pipe in a segmented mode; the monitoring well pipes are distributed on the periphery of the permeable cavity, and the central axis of the monitoring well pipes is parallel to the central axis of the permeable cavity; the monitoring well pipe is communicated with the water permeable cavity; the water permeable cavity is cylindrical, and a plurality of water inlets are formed in the side face of the water permeable cavity; each water-bearing layer to be detected is provided with a water-permeable cavity and a monitoring well pipe, and the central axes of the water-permeable cavities in each water-bearing layer are coincident;
the pore and bedrock composite aquifer is divided into a pore aquifer part and a bedrock aquifer part; when the aquifer to be detected is a pore and bedrock composite aquifer, the water permeable cavity of the pore aquifer part is a first type water permeable cavity, and the first type water permeable cavity is opened up and down; adjacent first-type water-permeable cavities are connected through a main well pipe; the main well pipe is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the first type water permeable cavity; the main well pipe is overlapped with the central axis of the first-type water permeable cavity; a packing device perpendicular to the central axis of the main well pipe is arranged in each main well pipe; the monitoring well pipe is arranged outside the first-type water permeable cavity, and the first-type water permeable cavity is fixedly connected with the monitoring well pipe through the fixing bracket; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the first type water permeable cavity; a process well pipe is arranged in the main well pipe and the first type water permeable cavity;
the permeable cavity of the bedrock aquifer part is arranged in a segmented manner; the water permeable cavity adopts a third-style water permeable cavity, the third-style water permeable cavity is sealed up and down, and the side surface of the third-style water permeable cavity is provided with a groove which is suitable for a monitoring well pipe; the monitoring well pipe is placed in the groove and connected with the third-style water permeable cavity through a pipeline; the monitoring well pipe is led into the ground through the process well pipe.
2. The subsurface water laminated monitoring well as recited in claim 1 wherein the aquifer between the well pipe, the permeable cavity and the wall of the well is monitored for partially filled gravel; and a sealing layer is arranged at the water-resisting layer part among the monitoring well pipe, the water permeable cavity and the hole wall.
3. The subsurface water layered monitoring well as recited in claim 1 wherein when the aquifer to be detected is a porous aquifer, the permeable cavity is a first-type permeable cavity that opens up and down; adjacent first-type water-permeable cavities are connected through a main well pipe; the main well pipe is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the first type water permeable cavity; the main well pipe is overlapped with the central axis of the first-type water permeable cavity; a packing device perpendicular to the central axis of the main well pipe is arranged in each main well pipe; a supporting rod is arranged between the adjacent packing devices.
4. The subterranean zone monitoring well of claim 3, wherein the monitoring well pipe is disposed outside of a first-style water permeable cavity, the first-style water permeable cavity being fixedly connected to the monitoring well pipe by a fixed bracket; among the sections of the upper section of the monitoring well pipe, the lowest section is communicated with the first type water permeable cavity.
5. The subsurface water laminated monitoring well as recited in claim 4 wherein the first pattern water permeable cavity is in communication with the monitoring well pipe through a stress relief tube.
6. The subsurface water zone monitoring well as recited in claim 3 wherein the packer is a piston packer disposed in the water zone portion.
7. The underground water layer monitoring well of claim 1, wherein when the aquifer to be detected is a bedrock aquifer, the permeable cavity is a second type permeable cavity, the second type permeable cavity is arranged in sections, and the second type permeable cavity is closed up and down; the adjacent water permeable cavities in the second pattern are not communicated; the second-type water permeable cavity is connected with the drill rod; the upper surface of the second-style water-permeable cavity is provided with a reverse thread joint; the inverted thread joint is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod; and the drill rod is sleeved with a centralizer.
8. The subsurface water laminated monitoring well as recited in claim 1 wherein the third pattern permeable cavity of the bedrock aquifer section is connected to a drill pipe; the upper surface of the third-style water-permeable cavity is provided with a reverse thread joint; the inverted thread joint is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod; and the drill rod is sleeved with a centralizer.
9. A method of forming a subterranean zone monitoring well of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
determining the position of an aquifer according to hydrogeological conditions, and grouping the aquifers;
drilling wells according to the water-bearing layer groups, and scraping walls after the wells are formed;
the monitoring well pipe and the permeable cavity are put into the well after wall scraping, and then the aquifer is subjected to layered gravel filling and water stopping operation, so that a preliminary monitoring well is formed;
and flushing the primary monitoring well, and checking the primary monitoring well by using a pumping test to obtain a final monitoring well.
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