CN116473113A - Tuber crop bud inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Tuber crop bud inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116473113A
CN116473113A CN202310490194.7A CN202310490194A CN116473113A CN 116473113 A CN116473113 A CN 116473113A CN 202310490194 A CN202310490194 A CN 202310490194A CN 116473113 A CN116473113 A CN 116473113A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tuber crop
bud inhibitor
tuber
crop bud
inhibitor
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Pending
Application number
CN202310490194.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
任卫泽
王新
杨坡
李顺达
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Huazhi Hebei Biology Technology Co ltd
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Huazhi Hebei Biology Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310490194.7A priority Critical patent/CN116473113A/en
Publication of CN116473113A publication Critical patent/CN116473113A/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop storage, in particular to a tuber crop bud inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof. The active ingredients of the tuber crop bud inhibitor comprise carvacrol and carvone, which are harmless natural plant ingredients, do not generate adverse effects of pesticide residues, drug resistance and the like on human beings, have obvious synergistic effect on the aspect of inhibiting germination under the condition of compound use, can exert ideal bud inhibition effect under lower dosage without being matched with chemical agents, can effectively solve the problems of storage and fresh keeping of fruits and vegetables, corrosion prevention and insect prevention of grain storage, further reduce storage loss, and have convenient use and outstanding application effect.

Description

Tuber crop bud inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop storage, in particular to a tuber crop bud inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Tuber crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, garlic, onions, ginger and the like after harvesting sprout after a dormancy period of 2-3 months, quality degradation caused by sprouting is the biggest problem existing in the storage period, and the loss caused by sprouting accounts for 20% -25% of the total yield. In addition, toxic substances such as solanine and the like can be generated by the sweet potato after germination, and huge potential safety hazards are brought to consumers. Therefore, the artificial inhibition of sprouting of tubers with shelf life is a key problem to be solved urgently in the storage research field and the processing industry at present.
The use of chemical agents is one of the main means of reducing germination rate at present. The chemical bud inhibitor used in the prior art mainly comprises pendimethalin, butralin, flumetralin, uniconazole, chlorpropham and the like. The chemical agent has the characteristics of low cost, certain effect, high residue, stable structure, difficult decomposition and the like, is easy to accumulate in plants, and further causes potential harm to human bodies. Changing the physical conditions of the storage space is another main means of controlling germination, but controlling germination by physical conditions requires a large investment of funds for the construction of infrastructure, and has high construction, operation and maintenance costs, which is difficult to popularize in farmers.
It has been found that many plants contain active substances with bud inhibiting activity. The plant source active substance has better safety to non-target organisms such as people, livestock, natural enemies and the like, becomes one of hot spots for the research of the bud inhibitor, and has good development and application prospects. However, the bud inhibition effect of the plant active substance is often inferior to that of the chemical agent, so that the plant active substance is often used together with the chemical agent in actual use, and if the plant active substance is used alone, a large amount of the plant active substance is required, otherwise, the ideal bud inhibition effect is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a tuber crop bud inhibitor, and a preparation method and application thereof. The active ingredient of the tuber crop bud inhibitor is harmless natural plant ingredients, does not generate adverse effects of pesticide residue, drug resistance and the like on human beings, has ideal bud inhibition effect on human bodies and the environment without matching with chemical agents.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a tuber crop bud inhibitor, the active ingredients comprising carvacrol and carvone.
Carvacrol (C) 10 H 14 O, CAS: 499-75-2) is a monoterpene phenol, commonly found in aromatic plants such as oregano, thyme, winter savory, chamomile, and the like. Carvone (C) 10 H 14 O, CAS: 6485-40-1) is a volatile natural monoterpene substance, and is the main component of carvi oil and dill seed oil, and is additionally contained in peppermint oil and pimpinella.
According to the invention, researches show that carvacrol and carvone can generate obvious synergistic effect in the aspect of inhibiting germination under the condition of compound use, so that compared with the prior art, the tuber crop bud inhibitor provided by the invention can generate excellent bud inhibition effect under lower dosage without adding chemical agents, is safer to human bodies and environment, has low production cost and convenient use, and is easier to popularize.
With reference to the first aspect, the mass ratio of carvacrol to carvone is 0.5-5:2-6.
The carvacrol and the carvone have more obvious synergistic effect and more prominent bud inhibition effect under the compounding condition of the mass ratio.
With reference to the first aspect, in the tuber crop bud inhibitor, the mass percentage of the carvacrol is 0.5-5%, and the mass percentage of the carvone is 2-6%.
In combination with the first aspect, the tuber crop bud inhibitor comprises a dosage form including an aqueous agent, a soluble liquid agent, a microemulsion, a fumigant, or an emulsifiable concentrate.
Preferably, the tuber crop bud inhibitor also comprises a solvent and an auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene glycol or water.
Preferably, when the tuber crop bud inhibitor is an aqueous solution, the adjuvant comprises a dispersant and the solvent is water.
Preferably, when the tuber crop bud inhibitor is a soluble liquid, the adjuvant comprises a spreader.
Preferably, when the tuber crop bud inhibitor is a microemulsion or emulsifiable concentrate, the adjuvant comprises an emulsifier.
Preferably, when the tuber crop bud inhibitor is a fumigant, the adjuvant comprises dichloropropene.
Alternatively, the dispersing agent may be at least one selected from aromatic sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, nonionic surfactant, or sodium tripolyphosphate; the spreading agent can be at least one selected from polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, ethylene glycol or cetyltrimethylammonium chloride; the emulsifier can be at least one of fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate.
Optionally, the auxiliary agent may further comprise at least one of an adhesive or a penetrant. Wherein the adhesive is selected from at least one of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, acacia, alginic acid, sodium alginate or gelatin, and the penetrating agent is selected from at least one of polysorbate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil or sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Among the dosage forms of the tuber crop bud inhibitor, the preferred dosage form is a fumigant.
Illustratively, when the tuber crop bud inhibitor is a fumigant, the adjuvant is dichloropropene and the solvent is methanol.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a method for preparing the tuber crop bud inhibitor, which comprises the following steps: mixing carvacrol, carvone and adjuvants uniformly.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides the use of a tuber crop bud inhibitor as described above, comprising:
use in controlling germination of tuber crops;
use in the prevention of rot in tuber crops.
The active ingredient in the tuber crop bud inhibitor is natural plant ingredients, does not generate pesticide residue and drug resistance to cause adverse effects on human health, does not pollute and damage natural environment, and can be suitable for inhibiting tuber crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, garlic, onions or ginger from sprouting during storage. The active ingredients in the tuber crop bud inhibitor can also be suitable for preventing tuber crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, garlic, onions or ginger from being rotted and denatured during storage, including rotting caused by germination and pathological rotting, so that the storage period is prolonged, the quality of the tuber crops during the storage period is improved, and the social and economic benefits and environmental protection are positively influenced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is further illustrated by specific examples.
Examples 1 to 7
Examples 1-7 respectively provide a tuber crop bud-suppressing fumigant, wherein the components and the mass parts of each example are shown in table 1; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials, and stirring.
Table 1 composition of components of examples 1 to 7
Examples 8 to 11
Examples 8-11 respectively provide a tuber crop bud inhibiting water agent, and the components and the mass parts of each example are shown in table 2; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials, and stirring.
TABLE 2 composition of the components of examples 8 to 11
Examples 12 to 15
Examples 12 to 15 respectively provide a tuber crop bud inhibition soluble liquid, and the components and the mass parts of each example are shown in Table 3; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials, and stirring.
TABLE 3 compositions of the components of examples 12 to 15
Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15
Carvacrol 4 0.5 5 0.5
Carvone 5 6 2 2
Ethylene glycol 91 93.5 93 97.5
Examples 16 to 19
Examples 16-19 respectively provide a tuber crop bud inhibiting microemulsion, and the components and the mass parts of each example are shown in Table 4; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials, and stirring.
TABLE 4 compositions of the components of examples 16 to 19
Example 16 Example 17 Example 18 Example 19
Carvacrol 3 0.5 5 0.5
Carvone 4 6 2 2
Cyclohexanone 91 91.5 91 95.5
Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 1 1 1 1
Water and its preparation method 1 1 1 1
Examples 20 to 23
Examples 20 to 23 respectively provide tuber crop bud inhibition emulsifiable concentrates, and the components and the mass parts of each example are shown in table 5; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials, and stirring.
TABLE 5 composition of components of examples 20 to 23
Example 20 Example 21 Example 22 Example 23
Carvacrol 3 0.5 5 0.5
Carvone 4 6 2 2
Cyclohexanone 92 92.5 92 96.5
Fatty acid esters 1 1 1 1
Comparative examples 1 to 4
Comparative examples 1 to 4 respectively provide a tuber crop bud-suppressing fumigant, wherein each comparative example is prepared by modifying the components on the basis of example 2, and the modified components and the mass parts are shown in table 6; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above materials, and stirring.
TABLE 6 comparative examples 1 to 4 composition of ingredients
Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4
Carvacrol 5 / 2 /
Carvone / 5 / 3
Peppermint oil / / 3 2
Methanol 2 2 2 2
Dichloropropene 93 93 93 93
Test example 1
The newly harvested potatoes with identical maturity and size and without mechanical damage of the netherlands are randomly grouped, 10kg of each group is used as a blank control, no treatment is performed on one group, and the rest groups are respectively subjected to bud inhibition treatment by using the tuber crop bud inhibition fumigants prepared in the examples 1-7 and the comparative examples 1-4.
Sealable transparent containers (0.25 m.times.0.25 m.times.0.5 m) were prepared for each group of potatoes, respectively.
The methods of treatment with the tuber crop bud inhibiting fumigants of examples 1 to 7, comparative examples 1 to 4 were: placing the sealable transparent container in an environment with the temperature of 15 ℃ and the humidity of 95% in an opened state, so that the temperature and the humidity in the sealable transparent container reach the temperature of 15 ℃ and the humidity of 95%; potatoes are placed in each group of containers, the containers are immediately sealed after the surfaces of the potatoes are uniformly sprayed with the bud inhibitor (5 milliliters of the bud inhibitor is sprayed per kilogram of potatoes), and the sprouting and spoiling conditions of the potatoes are observed on the 30 th day, the 45 th day and the 60 th day respectively, and the potatoes are compared with a blank which is not sprayed with the bud inhibitor.
The germination rate calculation method comprises the following steps:
germination rate (%) =number of sprouts/total number of sprouts×100
The decay rate calculation method comprises the following steps:
rotting rate (%) =rotting potato weight/total potato weight×100
The test results are as follows:
table 7 experimental results on potato
Test example 2
Fresh ginger with the same maturity and size and without damage is randomly grouped into 10kg each group, one group is blank control, no treatment is carried out, and the other groups are respectively subjected to bud inhibition treatment by using the tuber crop bud inhibition fumigants prepared in the examples 1-7 and the comparative examples 1-4.
Sealable transparent containers (0.25 m.times.0.25 m.times.0.5 m) were prepared for each group of potatoes, respectively.
The methods of treatment with the tuber crop bud inhibiting fumigants of examples 1 to 7, comparative examples 1 to 4 were: placing the sealable transparent container in an environment with the temperature of 15 ℃ and the humidity of 95% in an opened state, so that the temperature and the humidity in the sealable transparent container reach the temperature of 15 ℃ and the humidity of 95%; ginger is placed in each group of containers, the containers are immediately sealed after the germination inhibitor is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces (5 milliliters of germination inhibitor is sprayed on each kilogram of ginger), and the germination and decay conditions of the ginger are observed on 14 days, 21 days and 30 days respectively, and are compared with a blank which is not sprayed with the germination inhibitor.
Table 8 results of experiments on ginger
From the above experimental data of test examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the germination rate of potatoes in 30 days, 45 days and 60 days is respectively lower than 6.9%, 7.7% and 8.8%, the germination rate of ginger in 14 days, 21 days and 30 days is respectively lower than 1.5%, 3.8% and 4.9%, and the germination rate is lower than 10.6% by using the tuber crop bud-inhibiting fumigant provided by the invention in 1 to 7, which indicates that the germination inhibiting effect of tuber crops in each example is remarkable.
Comparative examples 1 and 2 respectively and independently contain carvacrol or carvone, but after the bud inhibitor obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2 is used, the germination rate and the decay rate are both higher than those of example 2, which shows that carvacrol and carvone have synergistic effect, and the effect of the two is better than that of the carvacrol and carvone which are independently used.
Comparative examples 3 and 4 each replaced carvone or carvacrol with peppermint oil, although peppermint oil is a natural active substance known to have bud inhibition and preservative effects, from the data effect, the bud inhibition agents obtained in comparative examples 3 and 4 are higher in germination rate and decay rate than those obtained in example 2, and it is shown that interaction does not exist between different substances, even though interaction is possible, the interaction is not necessarily synergistic, and ideal effects can be obtained by compounding natural substances which are not inhibited and preserved at will.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tuber crop bud inhibitor, characterized in that the active ingredients comprise carvacrol and carvone.
2. Tuber crop bud inhibitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of carvacrol to carvone is 0.5-5:2-6.
3. Tuber crop bud inhibitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass percentage of carvacrol is 0.5-5% and the mass percentage of carvone is 2-6%.
4. The tuber crop bud inhibitor of claim 1, wherein the formulation of the tuber crop bud inhibitor comprises an aqueous, a soluble liquid, a microemulsion, a fumigant, or a emulsifiable concentrate.
5. The tuber crop bud inhibitor of claim 4, further comprising a solvent and an adjuvant.
6. The tuber crop bud inhibitor of claim 5, wherein the solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, or water.
7. The tuber crop bud inhibitor of claim 5, wherein when the tuber crop bud inhibitor is an aqueous agent, the adjuvant comprises a dispersant, and the solvent is water; or (b)
When the tuber crop bud inhibitor is a soluble liquid, the adjuvant includes a spreader; or (b)
When the tuber crop bud inhibitor is a microemulsion or emulsifiable concentrate, the adjuvant includes an emulsifier.
8. The tuber crop bud inhibitor of claim 7, wherein: the dispersing agent is at least one of aromatic sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, nonionic surfactant or sodium tripolyphosphate; and/or
The spreading agent is at least one of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, ethylene glycol or cetyltrimethylammonium chloride; and/or
The emulsifier is at least one of fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate.
9. A process for the preparation of a tuber crop bud inhibitor as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, characterised in that: uniformly mixing the carvacrol, carvone, an auxiliary agent and a solvent, obtaining the product.
10. Use of a tuber crop bud inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or prepared by a method of preparation according to claim 9, characterised in that: comprising the following steps:
use in controlling germination of tuber crops;
use in the prevention of rot in tuber crops.
CN202310490194.7A 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 Tuber crop bud inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116473113A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310490194.7A CN116473113A (en) 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 Tuber crop bud inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310490194.7A CN116473113A (en) 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 Tuber crop bud inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116473113A true CN116473113A (en) 2023-07-25

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