CN112450215B

CN112450215B - Bud inhibitor containing dihydrocarvone and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112450215B
Application number: CN202011336923.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王秀国
Original assignee: Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS
Current assignee: Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2022-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-25
Also published as: CN112450215A

Abstract

The invention relates to a bud inhibitor containing dihydrocarvone and application thereof, wherein the bud inhibitor contains an active ingredient dihydrocarvone, and the bud inhibitor has a better bud inhibition effect than carvone when the effective ingredient dosage is equivalent to the carvone dosage in a tobacco bud inhibition test.

Description

Bud inhibitor containing dihydrocarvone and application thereof

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a bud inhibitor containing dihydrocarvone and application of the bud inhibitor to inhibition of tobacco axillary buds.

Background

The bud control technology is an important technical means for economic crops such as tobacco, potato, sweet potato, garlic, onion, ginger and the like, plays an important role in maintaining the production quality and guaranteeing the storage quality, and is receiving more and more attention from people. After the buds of the tobacco bud and flower, the nutrient in the plant body is greatly consumed, and the nutrient mainly flows to the flower organ at the top end, so that the nutrient of the tobacco leaves at the middle and lower parts is not sufficiently obtained, and the tobacco is subjected to topping treatment. After the tobacco is topped, if the bud inhibitor is not sprayed in time, 2-3 axillary buds can be regenerated at each axillary part of the tobacco plant, and the growth of the axillary buds can consume a large amount of nutrients, so that the yield and the quality of main stem leaves are influenced. Therefore, the tobacco is sprayed with the bud inhibitor in time after topping to inhibit the growth of axillary buds.

Tubers such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, garlic, onions, ginger and the like after harvesting germinate after a dormancy period of 2-3 months, quality deterioration and quality loss caused by germination are the biggest problems in a storage period, and the loss caused by germination accounts for 20% -25% of the total yield. In addition, after germination, toxic substances such as solanine and the like are generated in the sweet potatoes, and great potential safety hazards are brought to consumers, so that the artificial regulation and control of the germination of the tubers in the shelf life are key problems to be solved urgently in the field of storage research and the processing industry at present.

At present, chemical agents are mainly adopted for bud inhibition, so that the germination rate can be effectively reduced, and the economic loss of the germination rate is further reduced. The chemical bud inhibitor used at present mainly comprises pendimethalin, butralin, flumetralin, uniconazole, chlorpropham and the like. Although the cost is low, the pesticide also has certain effect, but the chemical agent has the characteristics of high residue, stable structure, difficult decomposition and the like, is easy to accumulate in plants, and further causes potential harm to human bodies. The control of germination by physical conditions requires a large amount of capital for infrastructure construction, which is difficult to popularize among farmers due to cost and the like.

Many active substances found in plants have anti-sprouting activity. The method for developing the bud inhibitor by utilizing the plant-derived active substances has the characteristics of strong target pertinence, high development success rate, safety to non-target organisms such as people, livestock, natural enemies and the like, becomes one of hot spots for researching the bud inhibitor, and shows good development and application prospects. The dihydrocarvone is an important aroma component of the plant essential oil with the cool and refreshing aroma type, can be added into candies, beverages, toothpaste and perfume as edible and cosmetic perfumes, and at present, no related application report of the application of the dihydrocarvone to bud inhibition is found.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art by providing a novel effective ingredient of a sprout inhibitor and the use thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a bud inhibitor contains dihydrocarvone as main active ingredient.

Preferably, the bud inhibitor containing dihydrocarvone as an active ingredient is mainly used for inhibiting axillary buds.

Further, the sprout inhibitor of the present invention can be prepared into any one of dosage forms suitable for agricultural use by a known method.

Furthermore, the formulation of the bud inhibitor of the invention is any one of missible oil, microemulsion and hot fogging concentrate.

Further, the auxiliary agents used in the sprout inhibitor of the present invention include emulsifiers, dispersants, wetting agents, stabilizers, antifreezes, thickeners and/or other substances useful for stabilizing and exerting the pharmacological effects of the active ingredients in the formulation. These adjuvants are various ingredients commonly used or allowed to be used in pesticide preparations, and are not particularly limited, and specific ingredients and amounts thereof may be determined by experiments according to formulation requirements.

Furthermore, the weight percentage of the effective component dihydrocarvone in the axillary bud inhibitor is 1-60%, and more preferably 10-50%.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for inhibiting tobacco axillary buds, which comprises using the above-mentioned axillary bud inhibitor.

Further, in the method for suppressing tobacco axillary bud of the present invention, the above-mentioned axillary bud inhibitor is used as a treatment liquid having a predetermined concentration.

Furthermore, the amount of the tobacco axillary bud inhibitor of the present invention to be applied varies depending on the type of tobacco and the method of application, and can be applied by cupping or painting, and when the tobacco axillary bud inhibitor is applied by cupping or painting, the medicinal liquid is applied by cupping or painting from different angles, and the axillary bud includes the axillary bud around the upper mouth of the upper mouth.

Further, the tobacco axillary bud inhibitor of the present invention may also be used in combination with plant protection active ingredients other than dihydrocarvone, including but not limited to other bud inhibitors, insecticides, fungicides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the axillary bud inhibitor has the beneficial effects that:

1. the main effective component of the bud inhibitor is dihydrocarvone, which belongs to an important aroma component of cool plant essential oil, and the bud inhibitor is widely applied to food and cosmetics at present, has high safety to crops and has no pollution.

2. The inhibitor containing dihydrocarvone has good inhibition effect on tobacco axillary buds, low dosage and small residue;

3. the axillary bud inhibitor has low dosage and excellent pesticide effect persistence, and no occurrence of phytotoxicity is found during use;

4. the present invention provides an axillary bud inhibitor which can increase the yield and improve the quality, and can improve the labor productivity by omitting the axillary bud removal operation.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not limiting, and that any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

The following are all percentages by weight (in percent) of all formulations in the examples. The processing technology of various preparations in the composition is the prior art, and can be changed according to different conditions.

First, preparation example

1. Example 1: 20% dihydrocarvone microemulsion

The formula comprises the following components: 20% of dihydrocarvone, 10% of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 4% of polyol fatty acid ester and ethylene oxide addition product thereof, 4% of benzene sulfonate and deionized water to make up the balance.

The microemulsion processing process comprises the following steps: and (3) according to the formula proportion, putting the materials into a mixing reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring to obtain the microemulsion containing the dihydrocarvone.

2. Example 2: 30% dihydrocarvone emulsifiable concentrate

The formula comprises the following components: 30 percent of dihydrocarvone, 5 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6 percent of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and methyl oleate.

The processing process of the missible oil comprises the following steps: and (3) according to the formula proportion, putting the materials into a mixing reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dihydrocarvone-containing missible oil.

3. Example 3: 10% dihydrocarvone hot fogging concentrate

The formula comprises the following components: 10% of dihydrocarvone, 3.5% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2.5% of NP-10, 4% of attapulgite, 1% of octanol and rapeseed oil, and the balance is made up.

The hot fogging agent processing process comprises the following steps: according to the formula proportion, the materials are put into a mixing reaction kettle to be mixed, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain the hot fogging concentrate containing the dihydrocarvone.

4. Comparative example 1: 10% carvone hot fogging concentrate

The formula comprises the following components: 10% of carvone, 3.5% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2.5% of NP-10, 4% of attapulgite, 1% of octanol and rapeseed oil, and the balance is made up.

The hot fogging agent processing process comprises the following steps: according to the formula proportion, the materials are put into a mixing reaction kettle to be mixed, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain the carvone-containing hot fogging concentrate.

5. Comparative example 2: 20% carvone microemulsion

The formula comprises the following components: 20% of carvone, 10% of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 4% of polyol fatty acid ester and ethylene oxide addition product thereof, 4% of benzene sulfonate and deionized water to make up the balance.

The microemulsion processing process comprises the following steps: according to the formula proportion, the materials are put into a mixing reaction kettle to be mixed and stirred uniformly, and the carvone-containing microemulsion is prepared.

Second, the embodiments of bioassay

1. Inhibition effect of different bud inhibitors on tobacco axillary buds

The test method comprises the following steps: topping the first central flower of 50% tobacco plants when the central flower is opened, and applying the medicine within 24h after 2cm and above axillary buds are removed. The cup drenching method is adopted, the dosage of the effective components in the examples 1-2 and the comparative example 2 is used as the application dosage, water is added for diluting the application, 20mL of the application is applied to each plant, and clear water is sprayed as a control.

The area of each cell is not less than 40m²(in terms of 1100 pieces/667 m²) 4 rows of tobacco were planted in each plot. And 1 row of protection rows are arranged among the cells. Randomly selected 5 spots and 5 plants were investigated spot-wise for each sampling spot. The number of axillary buds having a bud length of more than 2cm was investigated 15 days and 30 days after application of the drug, and the bud suppressing effect was calculated according to the following formula.

Bud inhibition (%) - (control axillary bud number-treated axillary bud number)/control axillary bud number 100

The anti-sprouting effect of each treatment is shown in table 1;

TABLE 1 bud inhibition Effect of different bud inhibitors on tobacco

As can be seen from table 1, the dihydrocarvone preparations of examples 1 and 2 have better control effect than carvone preparations when the dosage of the effective component is 0.1 mL/plant, and especially the difference of the bud inhibition effect is more obvious 30 days after the application. Particularly, the dihydrocarvone preparation in the example 1 has the bud inhibition rate of 78.9 percent after 30 days of application, which is obviously better than that in the comparative example 2.

2. Effect of different sprout inhibitors on storage Effect of Potato

The test method comprises the following steps: after the harvested potatoes are selected and classified, the potatoes are stored in a storage warehouse for 2 weeks in a ventilating way, after the skins are dried, the potatoes are placed in a closed space, the effective component dosage in the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 1 is used as the pesticide application dosage, a hot fogging machine is used for atomizing, so that the hot fogging agent is fully adsorbed on the surfaces of the potatoes, and the potatoes are stored and observed under the natural storage condition (20-25 ℃) after the treatment.

One for each bin. Not less than 50kg per potato treated. 30 potatoes are selected in each treatment, the total bud eye number and the number of germinated bud eyes with the bud length of more than 2cm are investigated 15 days and 30 days after pesticide application, and the bud inhibition rate is calculated according to the following formula.

Germination rate (%) ═ number of germinated eyes/number of total investigated eyes 100;

bud inhibition rate (%) - (control germination rate-treatment germination rate)/control germination rate 100

TABLE 2 bud inhibition Effect of different bud inhibitors on Potato

As can be seen from Table 2, the dihydrocarvone hot fogging concentrate of example 3 has better bud inhibition rate for potato drugs in 15 days and 30 days than carvone in different concentrations.

Claims

1. Use of dihydrocarvone for inhibiting sprouting of tobacco or potato is provided.

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein said dihydrocarvone is formulated in any form suitable for agricultural use.

3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the formulation is any one of an emulsifiable concentrate, a microemulsion, and a hot fogging concentrate.