CN116444481A - 作为ano1蛋白抑制剂的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物 - Google Patents
作为ano1蛋白抑制剂的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116444481A CN116444481A CN202210006377.2A CN202210006377A CN116444481A CN 116444481 A CN116444481 A CN 116444481A CN 202210006377 A CN202210006377 A CN 202210006377A CN 116444481 A CN116444481 A CN 116444481A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- thiophene
- carboxylic acid
- chlorophenyl
- compound
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
本发明公开了作为ANO1蛋白抑制剂的4‑芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,所述4‑芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物如式(I)所示。此外,本发明还公开了该化合物的制备方法和包含其的药物组合物。该化合物具有显著抑制ANO1蛋白活性的药理学作用,具有镇痛等药效学作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及但不限于医药技术领域,具体地说,涉及具有ANO1(Anoctamin 1,或TMEM16A)蛋白抑制作用的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,可用于ANO1抑制相关的镇痛相关药物开发。
背景技术
疼痛是除了血压、呼吸、脉搏和体温之外的第五生命体征,控制患者疼痛的重要性不言而喻,研究开发更加高效、副作用更小的止痛药物具有重大意义。
除典型的中枢阿片受体镇痛药和非甾体类解热镇痛药之外,目前临床上鲜有其他类型的镇痛药物。而上述二者在应用上又有各自的局限性。中枢镇痛药物,包括成瘾性、耐药性在内的多种不良反应广泛存在。外周解热镇痛药物也存在局限性。其一是胃肠道不良反应,例如环氧合酶(COX)选择性较差的阿司匹林及扑热息痛等;其二是由于选择性过高带来的心血管不良反应,例如COX-2选择性抑制剂罗非昔布;另外,COX抑制剂对肾脏均有影响,主要包括钠、钾潴留,严重的引起急性肾衰竭、间质性肾炎等。
除镇痛药物自身的应用局限之外,临床上还有很多疼痛类型无特效药。例如部分慢性疼痛和神经病理性疼痛,其具有痛感强烈、持续时间长等特点。在这些疼痛的治疗中,目前的两类镇痛药物远不能满足需求。
钙激活氯通道(Calcium Actived Chloride Channel,CaCC)作为人体阴离子通道,广泛分布于呼吸道、消化道等具有分泌功能的腺上皮细胞中,也存在于视网膜、背根神经节及平滑肌细胞中,参与多种细胞生理活动,例如分泌蛋白及盐的跨上皮转运、神经信号传导、动作电位复极、平滑肌收缩等。迄今为止,被发现的CaCC分子基础主要有CLCA(Chloride channel accessory)、Tweety(hTTHY1 and hTTYH3)、Bestrophins和Anoctamins。
ANO1(Anoctamin 1),也被称为TMEM16A(Transmembrane protein 16A),是一类具有八次跨膜结构的膜蛋白。ANO1最初被发现在部分肿瘤组织中特异性高表达,如胃肠道间质瘤、口腔鳞状细胞癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌等,而在相同起源的正常组织低表达或不表达。2008年,ANO1蛋白首次被确认为CaCC的分子基础,在体外可表现完整的钙激活氯电流特征.
目前已知的ANO1蛋白抑制剂
已知ANO1特异性抑制剂主要有CaCCinh系列,TMEM16Ainh-A系列、MONNA系列、Ani9系列,和部分天然化合物,以上化合物普遍对于ANO1稳转系中的CaCC电流具有明显抑制作用,但在具有CaCC电生理特征的人体组织细胞中,抑制效果不一致;此外,以上抑制剂对于ANO1相关的肿瘤增殖抑制效果也存在差异,CaCCinh-A01和天然产物Tannic Acid具有明显抑制作用,而其余抑制剂则无效。
ANO1在痛觉传导中扮演重要角色,其作为CaCC的分子基础如果被抑制,会导致神经信号传导效率大幅降低。通过此种方式,理论上可有效抑制相应传入神经对疼痛信号的传导作用,起到镇痛的效果。例如,ANO1高度表达于与痛觉相关的背根神经节(DRG)细胞中,在DRG中阻断或敲低ANO1蛋白,可显著降低小鼠在疼痛模型中的痛觉反应。此外,辣椒素引起的痛觉相关模型中,痛觉行为可以被ANO1抑制剂TMEM16Ainh-A01降低。
ANO1蛋白ANO1抑制剂的镇痛机理区别于经典镇痛药物。从目前已知的研究报道来看,其主要通过ANO1蛋白的离子通道功能产生作用。神经细胞在静息状态时的膜电位呈现负值,细胞膜内电位低于细胞膜外电位;而产生神经冲动的过程中,膜电位上升,此过程主要通过阳离子内流阴离子外流实现。而ANO1作为钙激活氯离子通道,当其受到抑制后,无法将阴离子泵出细胞,从而难以实现膜电位的升高,产生神经冲动。当前有很多研究证实了这一理论:在对ANO1进行抑制或沉默之后,实验动物对疼痛刺激的敏感程度显著下降。在生理性疼痛的热板实验、针刺实验和辣椒素、福尔马林、角叉菜胶诱导的炎性疼痛中,ANO1抑制剂均有明显的镇痛作用。但是,由于缺少高效的ANO1蛋白抑制剂分子,上述研究还并不完备,特别是对于ANO1抑制剂镇痛过程中的详细机理及其与上下游通路之间的关系,目前的研究还有待进一步深化。
综上,ANO1蛋白抑制剂能够有效抑制钙激活氯通道的生理功能,可以在疼痛治疗中发挥重要作用;ANO1蛋白作为已报道的唯一一个外周阴离子通道镇痛靶点,具有较大新颖性;除此之外,ANO1蛋白还具有其他功能,在许多疾病的治疗中也有着巨大潜力。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制本申请的保护范围。
本发明人研发了一种4-芳基噻吩羧酸类化合物,该系列化合物具有显著抑制ANO1蛋白活性和抑制钙激活氯离子通道的药理学作用,同时具有镇痛的药效学作用。
第一方面,本发明提供了一种如通式(1)所示的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,或其在药学上可接受的立体异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物或者水合物,作为ANO1蛋白抑制剂的用途:
其中,式(I)中R为任选取代的吡嗪基、任选取代的吡啶基、任选取代的喹啉基、C1-C6烷基取代噻吩、或如下基团:
这里,R1为卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基;R3为氢;R2、R4和R5各自独立地为氢、卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基。
在本申请实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,所述的卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘。
在本申请实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,所述的未取代C1-C4烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基(2-丙基)、正丁基、异丁基(2-甲基-丙基)、仲丁基(2-丁基)、或叔丁基。所述卤代C1-C4烷基是指C1-C4烷基上的一个或多个氢被卤原子取代,包括但不限于三氟甲基。
在本申请实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,所述的未取代C1-C4烷氧基为甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基(2-丙氧基)、正丁氧基、异丁氧基(2-甲基-丙氧基)、仲丁基(2-丁氧基)、或叔丁氧基。所述卤代C1-C4烷氧基是指C1-C4烷氧基上的一个或多个氢被卤原子取代,包括但不限于三氟甲氧基。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中所述任选取代的吡嗪基、任选取代的吡啶基、或任选取代的喹啉基分别是指未取代的吡嗪基、未取代的吡啶基、或未取代的喹啉基,或者,被选自下列基团取代的吡嗪基、吡啶基、或喹啉基:C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、羟基、卤素、硝基或氰基;任选地,所述吡嗪基为吡嗪-2-基,所述吡啶基为吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、或吡啶-4-基,所述喹啉基为喹啉-2-基、喹啉-3-基、喹啉-4-基、喹啉-5-基、喹啉-6-基、或喹啉-7-基、喹啉-8-基。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为C1-C6烷基取代噻吩,所述C1-C6烷基取代噻吩可以是3-C1-C6烷基-噻吩-2-基、4-C1-C6烷基-噻吩-2-基或5-C1-C6烷基-噻吩-2-基,例如3-甲基-噻吩-2-基。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R1为卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基;R3为氢;R2、R4和R5中一个为卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基,而且另外两个为氢。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R1为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基;R3为氢;R2、R4和R5中一个为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基,而且另外两个为氢。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R2、R3、R4和R5都为氢,而R1为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R2、R3和R4都为氢,而R1和R5各自独立地为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R3、R4和R5都为氢,而R1和R2各自独立地为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基。
在本申请的一些实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R2、R3和R5都为氢,而R1和R4各自独立地为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基。
在本申请的一些优选实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为吡嗪-2-基,3-甲基-噻吩-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基,喹啉基-5-。
在本申请的一些优选实施方案中,本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,其中,式(I)中R为:2-三氟甲氧基苯基、2,5-二氯苯基、2,3-二氯芳基、2,6-二氯苯基、2-氯-5-甲氧基苯基、2-氯-5-溴苯基、2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基、2-氯-5-碘苯基、2-氯-5-甲基苯基、2-溴-5-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基-5-氯苯基、2-碘-5-氯苯基、2-氟-5-氯苯基、2-氯-5-氟苯基、2-溴-5-氟苯基、2-碘-5-氟苯基、2,5-二氟苯基、2-氟-5-溴苯基、或2-氟-5-碘苯基。
在本发明特别优选的实施方案中,本发明提供的本申请提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,所述化合物选自下列化合物:
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(吡嗪-2-羧酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(3-甲基噻吩-2-甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(烟酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(异烟酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(喹啉-5-甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,3-二氯苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,6-二氯苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-溴-2-氯苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-((二氟-1-3-甲基)-12-芴基)苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-碘苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-溴-5-氯苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-氯-2-碘苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-氯-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-溴-5-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(5-氟-2-碘苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-溴-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;或
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2-氟-5-碘苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述化合物的药学上可接受的盐,例如与无机碱或有机碱形成无毒性碱加成盐,例子包括:三乙胺盐、钠盐、钾盐、或镁盐等。
第二方面,本发明还提供了如上所述的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物的制备方法,所述的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)式(II)所示苯乙酮化合物与式(III)化合物反应,得到式(IV)化合物;
(2)式(IV)所示化合物与式(V)所示的酰氯发生缩合反应,得到式(VI)化合物;
(3)式(VI)所示化合物发生水解反应,得到式(I)化合物;
这里,所述式(III)、(IV)和(VI)中取代基R6为C1-C6烷基或苄基,式(V)和(VI)中取代基R的定义如上述的式(I)化合物所定义的。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种药物组合物,所述的药物组合物包括药理学上有效量的本发明4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物以及一种药学上可接受的载体,所述的载体可以包括赋形剂和/或稀释剂。所述的化合物与所述载体混合,即可得到本发明的药物组合物。该药物组合物可以片剂、胶囊、丸剂、粉末、颗粒剂、散剂、或糖浆剂的形式口服给药,或以注射剂的形式非胃肠给药。所述药物组合物的单位剂量为0.1mg至1g。
第四方面,本发明提供了上述4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物、或其药物组合物作为ANO1蛋白抑制剂的用途。作为ANO1蛋白抑制剂,本发明提供的上述4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物、或其药物组合物可用于多种与ANO1蛋白有关系的疾病治疗,例如镇痛,包括但不限于炎性疼痛的镇痛,或骨癌疼的镇痛。
本发明的有益效果体现为:本发明的化合物是一种新的化合物且具有ANO1蛋白抑制活性,可用作ANO1蛋白抑制剂,从而能够用于多种与ANO1蛋白有关系的疾病治疗,例如镇痛;另外,本发明的化合物提供药物用途优势,例如在其作用机制、结合、抑制活性、安全性分布、溶解性或者生物利用度中的一个或多个方面。
经实验证明,本发明提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物在功能性实验中表现出对ANO1蛋白的高亲和力和高抑制活性。其中用稳定表达ANO1的FRT细胞进行对ANO1蛋白抑制活性功能性试验。在该实验中,本发明的化合物IC50在100μM至10nM之间。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的其他优点可通过在说明书以及附图中所描述的方案来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案,并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1表示的是本发明化合物30、39在30μM下对ANO1蛋白抑制作用的全细胞膜片钳结果;
图2表示的是本发明化合物39对ANO1通道电生理活性抑制的IC50图;
图3表示的是本发明化合物30、39在30μM下对ANO2蛋白抑制作用的全细胞膜片钳结果;
图4表示的是本发明化合物39对ANO2通道电生理活性抑制的IC50图;
图5表示的是本发明化合物39对hERG通道抑制作用的全细胞膜片钳结果;
图6表示的是本发明化合物39对福尔马林诱导的小鼠炎性疼痛的镇痛作用;
图7表示的是本发明化合物39对辣椒素诱导的小鼠炎性疼痛的镇痛作用;
图8表示的是本发明化合物39对完全氟氏佐剂诱导的大鼠炎性疼痛的镇痛作用;
图9表示的是本发明化合物39对大鼠胫骨骨癌痛的镇痛作用。
具体实施方式
以下举例用于进一步说明本发明,不以任何形式构成对本发明的限制。
本发明中,缩写为:
ANO1 Anoctamin 1蛋白
FRT细胞 Fisher大鼠甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞
ATP 三磷酸腺苷
CaCC 钙激活氯离子通道
IC50 半数抑制量
核磁数据由Bruker Avance III 400型核磁共振仪测定,内标为TMS(tertramethyl silance);核磁数据由mestReNova(Ver.6.1.0,mesrelab Research S.L.)软件处理;高分辨质谱数据(ESI-TOF)由Bruker Apex IV FTMS型傅里叶离子回旋变换质谱测定;薄层层析硅胶板(GF254上海上邦实业有限公司);柱层析硅胶(200-300目,上海上邦实业有限公司)。
所有溶剂、原料和试剂如无说明均为市售分析纯。
合成方法一:
其中,各取代基的定义详见实施例。
a1.氰基乙酸乙酯(1.2eq.),吗啉(2.2eq.),乙酸(1eq.),乙醇,70℃,3小时,氩气保护;
a2.硫粉(1.2eq.),70℃,48小时,氩气保护;
b.芳酰氯缓慢滴加(1eq.),二氯甲烷,0℃;滴加完成后室温反应8小时;
c.NaOH(5eq.),H2O,甲醇,THF,室温反应8小时。
实施例1
化合物15
合成方法:
利用“合成方法一”合成。取1L圆底烧瓶,加入4-氯苯乙酮18.55g(120mmol),氰基乙酸乙酯16.29g(144mmol),乙酸7.12g(120mmol),吗啉23.00g(264mmol)和乙醇500mL。70℃氩气保护下搅拌3小时,加入硫粉4.91g(144mmol),氩气保护下搅拌过夜。反应完成后,加入200mL二氯甲烷稀释反应液,盐水洗涤四次后以无水硫酸钠干燥,柱色谱分离得到白色粉末2-氨基-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-甲酸乙酯,产率约55%。取2-嘧啶甲酸0.15g(1.2mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中,加入0.1mL DMF和氯化亚砜0.26mL(3.6mmol),在60℃下回流3小时后旋干反应液,用10mL二氯甲烷重新溶解。另取2-氨基-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-甲酸乙酯0.28g(1mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中,0℃下将得到的1-萘甲酰氯溶液加入氨基噻吩溶液中,滴加完成后室温反应8小时,反应完成后柱色谱分离得到白色粉末2-(2-嘧啶酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-甲酸酯,产率约75%。取2-(2-嘧啶酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-甲酸酯0.06g(0.15mmol)和NaOH 0.03g(0.75mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃/甲醇/水混合溶剂中,65℃搅拌过夜,反应完成后乙酸调节pH至中性,加入水析出白色固体化合物15 0.025g(0.07mmol)。总产率15%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.38(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),9.00(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.87(t,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.40(q,J=8.5Hz,4H),7.07(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.42,160.92,149.14,148.31,144.56,144.36,143.07,139.04,136.43,132.28,131.28,127.91,117.28,114.00.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C16H9N3O3SCl[M-H]-m/z理论值:358.0055;实测值:358.0053;
实施例2
化合物16
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:21%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(dd,J=7.7,1.8Hz,1H),7.80(td,J=7.9,1.8Hz,1H),7.66–7.60(m,2H),7.39(q,J=8.6Hz,4H),7.03(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.73,161.35,148.58,145.69,138.92,136.53,134.55,132.27,131.82,131.29,128.79,127.89,127.01,122.44,117.17,113.67.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C19H10NO4F3SCl[M-H]-m/z理论值:439.9973;实测值:439.9971;
实施例3
化合物17
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:25%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.91(t,J=1.4Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=1.7Hz,2H),7.43–7.35(m,4H),7.07(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.58,162.09,147.86,138.85,136.39,135.46,132.89,132.80,132.63,132.30,131.21,130.16,129.49,127.96,117.29,114.49.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl3[M-H]-m/z理论值:423.9369;实测值:423.9369;
实施例4
化合物18
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:27%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.06(s,1H),7.85(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.38(q,J=8.6Hz,4H),7.14(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),6.97(s,1H),2.62(s,3H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.34,159.43,149.69,143.06,138.74,136.63,133.44,132.23,131.33,131.19,130.03,127.88,116.82,112.61,16.14.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C17H11NO3S2Cl[M-H]-m/z理论值:375.987;实测值:375.9869;
实施例5
化合物19
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:32%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.12(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),8.86(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=8.0,4.9Hz,1H),7.44–7.36(m,4H),7.03(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.24,162.42,153.68,149.23,148.64,136.50,135.59,132.27,131.30,128.50,127.92,124.65,117.02,113.75.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C17H10N2O3SCl[M-H]-m/z理论值:357.0099;实测值:357.0101;
实施例6
化合物20
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:19%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.90–8.87(m,2H),7.85–7.83(m,2H),7.43–7.36(m,4H),7.04(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.17,162.35,151.45,149.09,139.76,138.96,136.47,132.28,131.32,127.91,121.34,117.21,114.14.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C17H12N2O3SCl[M-H]-m/z理论值:359.0253;实测值:359.0257;
实施例7
化合物22
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:22%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.03(dd,J=4.2,1.6Hz,1H),8.89(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),8.28(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.10(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.94(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=8.7,4.1Hz,1H),7.40(q,J=8.5Hz,4H),7.05(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.08,164.66,151.79,149.01,148.20,138.92,136.61,133.97,133.58,132.22,132.09,131.29,129.26,127.90,127.12,125.80,123.15,116.82.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C21H12N2O3SCl[M-H]-m/z理论值:407.0258;实测值:407.0257;
实施例8
化合物23
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:18%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.75(s,1H),7.65–7.56(m,3H),7.40(q,J=8.6Hz,4H),7.10(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.64,162.91,147.89,138.86,136.52,136.41,133.35,133.29,132.31,131.23,129.48,128.99,128.79,127.96,117.25,114.47,40.62,40.41,40.20,39.99,39.79,39.58,39.37.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl3[M-H]-m/z理论值:423.937;实测值:423.9369;
实施例9
化合物24
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:15%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.75(s,1H),7.65–7.56(m,3H),7.40(q,J=8.6Hz,4H),7.10(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.41,161.61,146.57,138.74,136.24,134.64,132.88,132.35,131.85,131.12,128.98,128.03,117.47,115.36.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl3[M-H]-m/z理论值:423.9374;实测值:423.9369;
实施例10
化合物25
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:24%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.96(s,1H),7.55(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.42–7.34(m,5H),7.19(dd,J=8.9,3.1Hz,1H),7.04(s,1H),3.83(s,3H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.79,163.02,158.76,148.44,138.88,136.48,134.38,132.30,132.00,131.27,127.93,121.63,119.17,117.11,115.63,113.84,56.32.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C19H12NO4SCl2[M-H]-m/z理论值:419.9871;实测值:419.9864;
实施例11
化合物26
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:21%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.94(s,1H),8.02(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.81(dd,J=8.6,2.5Hz,1H),7.61(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.43–7.34(m,4H),7.06(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.63,162.00,147.90,138.85,136.40,135.82,135.69,132.98,132.85,132.32,131.22,130.09,127.97,120.92,117.30,114.47.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl2Br[M-H]-m/z理论值:467.8859;实测值:467.8864;
实施例12
化合物27
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:27%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.99(s,1H),8.20(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.98(dd,J=8.4,2.3Hz,1H),7.89(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.43–7.33(m,4H),7.07(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.60,162.18,147.76,138.84,136.36,135.22,134.90,132.33,132.15,131.20,128.95,128.62,127.98,127.60,127.56,117.37,114.64.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C19H9NO3SCl2F3[M-H]-m/z理论值:457.9628;实测值:457.9632;
实施例13
化合物28
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:21%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.91(s,1H),8.13(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.93(dd,J=8.5,2.2Hz,1H),7.43–7.34(m,5H),7.04(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.66,161.92,147.97,141.63,138.82,138.63,136.39,135.59,132.75,132.30,131.21,130.68,127.96,117.26,114.32,93.60.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl2I[M-H]-m/z理论值:515.8726;实测值:515.8725;
实施例14
化合物29
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:22%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.96(s,1H),7.63(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.43–7.34(m,5H),7.02(s,1H),2.36(s,3H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.81,163.34,148.51,138.84,138.11,136.48,133.89,133.28,132.27,131.25,131.01,130.71,127.91,127.52,117.05,113.71,20.69.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C19H12NO3SCl2[M-H]-m/z理论值:403.9917;实测值:403.9915;
实施例15
化合物30
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:19%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.81(s,1H),7.86–7.79(m,2H),7.58(dd,J=8.6,2.6Hz,1H),7.43–7.34(m,4H),7.05(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.64,163.20,147.86,138.83,138.10,136.36,135.61,133.37,132.80,132.31,131.20,129.79,127.96,118.02,117.25,114.46.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl2Br[M-H]-m/z理论值:467.8865;实测值:467.8864;
实施例16
化合物31
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:17%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.81(s,1H),8.03(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.95(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.90–7.86(m,1H),7.44–7.40(m,2H),7.39–7.35(m,2H),7.08(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.49,163.06,147.66,138.77,138.20,136.34,136.03,132.31,131.67,131.18,129.39,129.34,129.26,127.99,125.80,125.48,117.31,114.87.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C19H9NO3F3SCl2[M-H]-m/z理论值:457.9632;实测值:457.9632;
实施例17
化合物34
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:25%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.68(s,1H),8.00(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.42–7.39(m,3H),7.36(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.06(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.70,164.91,148.07,142.31,141.91,138.84,136.39,134.05,132.58,132.31,131.22,128.88,127.97,117.20,114.34,92.21.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SCl2I[M-H]-m/z理论值:515.8734;实测值:515.8725;
实施例18
化合物35
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:31%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.46(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),8.02(td,J=6.6,2.8Hz,1H),7.78(dq,J=8.8,3.1Hz,1H),7.53(dd,J=11.2,8.8Hz,1H),7.40–7.34(m,4H),7.01(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.67,158.85,158.82,148.58,138.94,136.51,135.16,135.07,132.25,131.28,131.21,129.83,129.80,127.87,127.85,121.51,121.38,119.58,119.33,117.46,113.78.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3FSCl2[M-H]-m/z理论值:407.9667;实测值:407.9664;
实施例19
化合物36
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:19%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.96(s,1H),7.72(ddd,J=15.8,8.8,4.0Hz,2H),7.50(td,J=8.4,3.1Hz,1H),7.42–7.34(m,4H),7.05(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.66,162.32,162.10,147.99,138.86,136.39,135.40,135.33,133.00,132.91,132.32,131.22,127.94,126.06,120.45,120.22,117.78,117.53,117.28,114.27.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3FSCl2[M-H]-m/z理论值:407.967;实测值:407.9664;
实施例20
化合物37
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:26%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.79(s,1H),7.84(dd,J=8.8,5.0Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=8.6,3.1Hz,1H),7.45–7.34(m,5H),7.06(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.67,163.27,160.39,147.94,138.84,138.13,136.37,135.98,135.90,132.32,131.22,127.97,120.42,120.19,117.54,117.30,117.25,114.31,114.24.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3SClBrF[M-H]-m/z理论值:451.9157;实测值:451.9159;
实施例21
化合物38
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:28%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.71(s,1H),8.02(dd,J=8.7,5.3Hz,1H),7.61(dd,J=8.9,3.0Hz,1H),7.42–7.34(m,4H),7.24(td,J=8.6,3.0Hz,1H),7.05(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.74,164.96,163.65,161.19,148.16,142.35,142.25,142.17,138.85,136.39,132.32,131.23,127.95,120.29,120.08,117.19,116.80,116.56,114.19.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3FSClI[M-H]-m/z理论值:499.9028;实测值:499.902;
实施例22
化合物39
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:32%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.48(d,J=10.3Hz,1H),7.86–7.80(m,1H),7.59(ddt,J=15.3,9.7,4.6Hz,2H),7.39(q,J=8.3Hz,4H),7.03(d,J=3.2Hz,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.66,159.00,148.59,138.97,136.53,132.26,131.28,127.88,122.47,119.27,118.01,117.74,117.47,113.77.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3F2SCl[M-H]-m/z理论值:391.9958;实测值:391.996;
实施例23
化合物40
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:26%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.44(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),8.14(dd,J=6.6,2.7Hz,1H),7.89(ddd,J=8.8,4.3,2.7Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=11.3,8.8Hz,1H),7.40–7.33(m,4H),7.00(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.67,158.77,158.37,148.58,138.93,138.08,137.99,136.50,134.14,132.25,131.27,127.87,121.81,121.68,119.89,119.64,117.55,117.52,117.46,113.76.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)C18H9NO3FSClBr[M-H]-m/z理论值:451.9170;实测值:451.9159;
实施例24
化合物41
合成方法同化合物15,总产率:28%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.66(s,1H),8.30(dd,J=7.0,2.4Hz,1H),8.02(ddd,J=8.6,4.7,2.4Hz,1H),7.41–7.34(m,4H),7.33–7.28(m,1H),6.99(s,1H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ166.68,159.11,158.84,148.77,143.75,140.03,138.97,136.60,132.18,131.29,127.88,127.84,122.11,121.99,119.90,119.65,117.28,114.00.HRMS(ESI-TOF+)m/z C18H9NO3FSClI[M-H]-m/z理论值:499.9018;实测值:499.902.
试验例
本发明中4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对ANO1蛋白的抑制作用。
本发明中药理活性进行了药理学和药效学两方面实验。药理学实验包括黄色荧光蛋白-碘离子荧光淬灭实验和全细胞膜片钳实验,共同证明本发明中4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对ANO1蛋白的抑制作用。药效学实验包括若干个镇痛实验,分别为:小鼠福尔马林诱导疼痛实验,小鼠辣椒素诱导疼痛实验,大鼠完全氟氏佐剂诱导疼痛实验,大鼠胫骨骨癌痛实验。共同证明本发明中4-芳甲噻吩甲酸类化合物的镇痛药效作用。
1.黄色荧光蛋白-碘离子荧光淬灭实验:
该方法使用ANO1蛋白和黄色荧光蛋白(Yellow Fluoresence Protein,YFP)共转染的FRT细胞。YFP的黄色荧光可以被碘离子淬灭。当细胞外液加入ATP时,细胞内钙库会释放钙离子,使钙离子浓度升高,从而激活CaCC(ANO1)通道。而CaCC(ANO1)通道可以将细胞外碘离子转运进入细胞内部,因而在不加入调控剂时细胞内的YFP荧光会被淬灭,在酶标仪检测下,荧光值会显著降低。当加入CaCC(ANO1)抑制剂时,荧光值降低的速度会减慢;反之,当加入激动剂时,荧光值降低速度会加快,通过比较荧光值的下降速率,可间接评价调控剂的活性。
本发明中提供的部分化合物在黄色荧光蛋白-碘离子荧光淬灭实验中的活性数据:
化合物编号 | IC50(μM) | 化合物编号 | IC50(μM) |
15 | 4.01 | 16 | 5.66 |
17 | 0.27 | 18 | 3.12 |
20 | 15.12 | 23 | 1.94 |
24 | 11.24 | 28 | 28.55 |
29 | 6.93 | 30 | 0.029 |
31 | 1.59 | 34 | 20.24 |
35 | 8.77 | 36 | 9.4 |
37 | 0.96 | 38 | 2.21 |
39 | 0.024 | 41 | 4.49 |
以上数据证明了本发明提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对ANO1蛋白的抑制作用。
2.全细胞膜片钳实验:
膜片钳技术是一种以记录通过离子通道的电流来反映通道分子活动的技术,是测定离子通道活性的“金标准”。全细胞膜片钳使用特制的中空玻璃电极吸住并吸破细胞表面,使细胞膜和电极之间形成封闭回路,电极可检测全细胞膜的离子转运电流。通过中空电极向细胞内液中加入钙离子,激活ANO1通道。此时电极上外加梯度电压,检测电流变化情况。当细胞外液加入抑制剂后,通道闭合,电阻升高,在相同的梯度电压下,抑制剂组相比不加药的空白组离子转运电流降低;激动剂反之。由此可评估调控剂对离子通道的影响。
本发明中提供的部分化合物对ANO1通道有抑制作用的全细胞膜片钳实验结果如图1所示,蓝色线为未加药时钙激活氯通道电生理特征曲线,红色线为加入30μM化合物A01,Ani9,30,39后钙激活氯通道电流曲线。本发明中提供的化合物39在全细胞膜片钳实验中的IC50活性数据为6.7μM,结果如图2所示。
本发明中提供的部分化合物对ANO2通道有抑制作用的全细胞膜片钳实验结果如图3所示,其中图3左边图为未加药时钙激活率通道在外加电压下的电生理特征曲线,右边图为加入30μM化合物A01,Ani9,30,39后钙激活氯通道在外加电压下的电生理特征曲线;图4为化合物39对ANO2通道电生理活性抑制的IC50图。
其中,A01,Ani9为已报道过的ANO1抑制剂作为阳性参照;
本发明中提供的化合物在30μM浓度下对于其他镇痛通道的全细胞膜片钳实验的抑制活性数据:
实验表明本发明提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对ANO1蛋白具有抑制作用,对于ANO1/ANO2的具有选择性。
3.化合物对人胚肾细胞HEK293T的细胞毒性检测
本发明采用CCK8试剂盒进行本发明提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对人胚肾细胞HEK293T细胞的细胞毒性检测
Cell Counting Kit 8简称CCK8试剂盒,是一种基于于WST-8(化学名:2-(2-甲氧基-4-硝苯基)-3-(4-硝苯基)-5-(2,4-二磺基苯)-2H-四唑单钠盐)的广泛应用于细胞增殖和细胞毒性的快速高灵敏度检测试剂盒。工作原理为:WST-8在电子耦合试剂存在的情况下,可以被线粒体内的脱氢酶还原生成高度水溶性的橙黄色的甲臜产物(formazan)。颜色的深浅与细胞的增殖成正比,与细胞毒性成反比。使用酶标仪在450nM波长处测定OD值,间接反映活细胞数量。
其中阿霉素(adriamycin)为抗肿瘤药-细胞毒类药物,作为阳性参照;CaCCinh-A01为已报道的ANO1抑制剂,作为对比:
注:n=3;*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;CaCCinh-A01组对非CaCCinh-A01组比较;
本发明中提供的化合物在100μM,30μM浓度下对HEK293T的细胞毒性数据:
以上实验表明本发明提供的化合物39在30μM浓度下,细胞增殖和抑制率降低至20%以下,本发明化合物的细胞增殖毒性可能与ANO1抑制活性无关,可减小细胞毒性对实验结果的影响。
4.本发明化合物对小鼠的急性毒性检测
本发明在成年C57BL/6雄性小鼠上开展了灌胃给药途径下的急性毒性实验。采用最大给药量法,在合理的最大给药浓度及给药容量的前提下,以允许的最大剂量单次给药或24小时内多次给药(剂量一般不超过5g/kg体重),观察动物出现的反应。
实验结果表明,1g/kg剂量下灌胃化合物39的成年C57BL/6小鼠(n=8)在给药后全部存活。动物急性毒性反应不明显,并无呼吸急促、抽搐等强烈不良反应出现。给药后15min小鼠开始出现活动意愿下降,约6小时后逐渐恢复正常,且后续无异常反应出现。急性毒性实验表明在小鼠体内,本发明提供的化合物39以灌胃给药途径至少在1g/kg剂量下非常安全。
5.本发明化合物对hERG钾离子通道的心脏毒性检测
采用膜片钳技术进行本发明提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对人类ether-a-go-go相关基因hERG编码的快速延迟整流钾离子通道(Ikr)的心脏毒性检测
本发明中提供的部分化合物对hERG通道的膜片钳实验结果如图5所示,膜片钳分别测定30μM,10μM,3μM,1μM,0.3μM浓度下化合物对hERG通道电流的抑制率来作图拟合IC50。其中西沙比利(Cisapride)作为阳性参照。以上实验表明本发明提供的化合物39的hERG抑制IC50均大于30μM,几乎不会产生hERG通道介导的心脏毒性。
6.福尔马林诱导的炎性疼痛模型中本发明化合物对小鼠的镇痛作用评价
福尔马林诱导的疼痛实验是评价外周镇痛药物常见的的一种自发痛模型。将福尔马林注射于大鼠或小鼠后爪皮下,10分钟后开始出现明显并且持续的疼痛反应,具体表现为小鼠回缩或震摇以及舔咬注射足,主要用于疼痛机制的一些研究。具体实验步骤为:
成年雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机平均分为对照组和给药组,禁食不禁水8小时。按照3-4只/批放入福尔马林实验自动监测仪适应30min。适应完成后灌胃给予药物溶液(Vehicle组给予不含化合物的溶媒)。15min后,于小鼠仰位右后肢带监测用金属环,而后掌心以微量注射器皮下注射20μL福尔马林溶液,注射完成后立即放入福尔马林自动监测仪记录舔足次数1h。数据处理采用Origin软件,ANOVA。
实验结果如图6所示,其中布洛芬和普瑞巴林为外周镇痛的一线药物,作为阳性参照:
注:*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;NS P>0.05;n=7;
经实验证明,本发明提供的化合物39在40mg/kg,80mg/kg两个剂量下都具有明显的镇痛作用,且80mg/kg剂量的镇痛效果更佳,与40mg/kg外周镇痛阳性药物布洛芬、普瑞巴林的镇痛作用相当。
7.辣椒素诱导的炎性疼痛模型中本发明化合物对小鼠的镇痛作用评价
辣椒素是瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1(TRPV1)的配体,能通过激活TRPV1促进各种炎性物质的释放,引起组织炎症。将辣椒素溶液注射于小鼠后爪皮下,小鼠会在接下来的五分钟内表现出明显的疼痛反应,主要表现为小鼠持续舔舐注射辣椒素的脚掌。具体实验步骤为:
成年雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机平均分为对照组和给药组,禁食不禁水8小时。按照四只一组放入相互隔离的观察台上适应30min。适应完成后灌胃给予药物溶液,0.5小时后于小鼠仰位右后足中心皮下注射20μL辣椒素溶液。注射完成后立即放回观察台进行5min的视频录制。统计小鼠舔足的持续时间,数据处理采用Origin软件,ANOVA。
实验结果如图7所示,其中布洛芬和普瑞巴林为外周镇痛的一线药物,作为阳性参照;SB-705498为处于临床二期的靶向TRPV1的小分子抑制剂,作为阳性参照:
注:*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;NS P>0.05;n=7;
经实验证明,本发明提供的化合物39在80mg/kg剂量下对该模型具有明显的镇痛作用,与40mg/kg剂量下TRPV1抑制剂的镇痛活性相当。
8.氟氏完全佐剂(CFA)诱导的炎性疼痛模型中本发明化合物对大鼠的镇痛作用评价
氟氏完全佐剂是研究啮齿动物慢性炎症疼痛的常规模型之一。CFA中的成分中包含已灭活的病毒,通过引起体内的抗原抗体反应来达到致炎的目的。将CFA溶液注射于大鼠后爪皮下,大鼠后足会慢慢出现肿胀,以及痛觉超敏的现象。该模型分为急性期(24小时以内)和慢性期(24小时以后),随着时间的不断延长,大鼠对非伤害性刺激会变得越来越敏感。具体实验步骤为:
成年雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠随机平均分为对照组和给药组,禁食不禁水8小时。大鼠仰位右后足中心皮下注射100μL CFA溶液(对照组注射生理盐水)。12小时后,按照3只一组放入相互隔离的观察台上适应30min。适应完成后灌胃给予药物溶液,0.5小时后使用电子针测试大鼠的疼痛阈值。7天后以同样的方法测试灌胃后大鼠的疼痛阈值变化。数据处理采用Origin软件,ANOVA。
实验结果如图8所示,其中布洛芬和普瑞巴林为外周镇痛的一线药物,作为阳性参照:
注:*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;NS P>0.05;n=7;
经实验证明,本发明提供的化合物39在40mg/kg,80mg/kg两个剂量下都具有明显的镇痛活性,与外周镇痛阳性药物布洛芬、普瑞巴林的镇痛作用相当。
9.骨癌痛模型中本发明化合物对大鼠的镇痛作用评价
因胫骨骨癌痛动物表现出来的疼痛和临床的转移性骨癌痛表现相似,胫骨骨癌痛模型可视为转移性骨癌痛模型。癌痛是一种特殊的炎性疼痛,肿瘤组织周围会释放大量炎性因子,伴随着疼痛行为的产生。将乳腺癌细胞注入大鼠胫骨骨髓腔内,瘤细胞长到第十天后,大鼠会表现出稳定的疼痛行为,即痛觉超敏现象。随着肿瘤的生长,癌细胞会逐渐侵蚀掉大鼠胫骨的骨质和皮质。从表型上看,大鼠胫骨处的腿部会逐渐肿大,对非伤害性刺激变得越来越敏感。具体实验步骤为:
成年雌性Sprague Dawley大鼠随机平均分为对照组和给药组。大鼠腹腔注射10%水合氯醛,待大鼠麻醉效果出现后,固定于手术台上。用酒精擦拭膝关节处,在膝关节处做一长1cm的横切口,暴露出膝三角。用22G规格的针头从膝三角处入针,直至有落空感后取出,用微量注射器沿原路径插入,注入细胞溶液。缓慢拔出针头后,用骨腊封住伤口,抹上青霉素粉末,缝合后用碘伏消毒手术伤口。
第十天后观察大鼠伤口情况。禁食不禁水8小时。按照3只一组放入相互隔离的观察台上适应30min。适应完成后灌胃给予药物溶液,0.5小时后使用Von Frey纤维仪测试大鼠的疼痛阈值。第十四天后按照同样的方法测试灌胃后大鼠的疼痛阈值。数据处理采用GraphPad Prism软件,ANOVA。
实验结果如图9所示,其中布洛芬和加巴喷丁为治疗癌痛的一线药物,作为阳性参照:
注:*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;NS P>0.05;n=7;
经实验证明,本发明提供的化合物39在80mg/kg剂量下对于骨癌痛模型具有显著的镇痛活性,并且强于布洛芬、普瑞巴林的镇痛活性。
以上实验证明本发明提供的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物对于炎性疼痛和骨癌痛具有显著的镇痛作用。
本申请描述了多个实施例,但是该描述是示例性的,而不是限制性的,并且对于本领域的普通技术人员来说显而易见的是,在本申请所描述的实施例包含的范围内可以有更多的实施例和实现方案。
Claims (10)
1.一种如通式(I)所示的4-芳基噻吩甲酸类化合物,或其在药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物或者水合物,作为ANO1蛋白抑制剂的用途:
其中,式(I)中R为任选取代的吡嗪基、任选取代的吡啶基、任选取代的喹啉基、C1-C6烷基取代噻吩、或如下基团:
这里,R1为卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基;R3为氢;R2、R4和R5各自独立地为氢、卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,式(I)中所述任选取代的吡嗪基、任选取代的吡啶基、或任选取代的喹啉基分别是指未取代的吡嗪基、未取代的吡啶基、或未取代的喹啉基,或者,被选自下列基团取代的吡嗪基、吡啶基、或喹啉基:C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、羟基、卤素、硝基或氰基;任选地,所述吡嗪基为吡嗪-2-基,所述吡啶基为吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、或吡啶-4-基,所述喹啉基为喹啉-2-基、喹啉-3-基、喹啉-4-基、喹啉-5-基、喹啉-6-基、或喹啉-7-基、喹啉-8-基;
或者,式(I)中R为C1-C6烷基取代噻吩,所述C1-C6烷基取代噻吩可以是3-C1-C6烷基-噻吩-2-基、4-C1-C6烷基-噻吩-2-基或5-C1-C6烷基-噻吩-2-基,优选地,为3-甲基-噻吩-2-基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,式(I)中R为如下基团:
这里,R1为卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基;R3为氢;R2、R4和R5中一个为卤素、未取代C1-C4烷基、卤代C1-C4烷基、未取代C1-C4烷氧基、或卤代C1-C4烷氧基,而且另外两个为氢。
4.根据权利要求3所述的化合物,其中,R1为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基;R3为氢;R2、R4和R5中一个为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基,而且另外两个为氢。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中,R2、R3、R4和R5都为氢,而R1为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基;或者
R2、R3和R4都为氢,而R1和R5各自独立地为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基;或者
R3、R4和R5都为氢,而R1和R2各自独立地为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基;或
R2、R3和R5都为氢,而R1和R4各自独立地为氟、氯、溴、碘、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或三氟甲氧基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,选自下列化合物:
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(吡嗪-2-羧酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(3-甲基噻吩-2-甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(烟酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(异烟酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(喹啉-5-甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,3-二氯苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,6-二氯苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-溴-2-氯苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-((二氟-1-3-甲基)-12-芴基)苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-碘苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-溴-5-氯苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-氯-2-碘苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-氯-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(2-溴-5-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(5-氟-2-碘苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
2-(5-溴-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)-4-(4-氯苯基)噻吩-3-羧酸;或
4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2-氟-5-碘苯甲酰胺基)噻吩-3-羧酸;
或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)式(II)所示苯乙酮化合物与式(III)化合物反应,得到式(IV)化合物;
(2)式(IV)所示化合物与式(V)所示的酰氯发生缩合反应,得到式(VI)化合物;
(3)式(VI)所示化合物发生水解反应,得到式(I)化合物;
这里,所述式(III)、(IV)和(VI)中取代基R6为C1-C6烷基或苄基,式(V)和(VI)中取代基R的定义如权利要求1至6中式(I)所定义的。
8.一种药物组合物,所述的药物组合物包括药理学上有效量的权利要求1-6中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物以及一种药学上可接受的载体。
9.权利要求1-6中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的异构体、前药、盐、溶剂化物、或者水合物,或者权利要求8所述药物组合物作为ANO1蛋白抑制剂的用途。
10.权利要求9所述的用途可用于多种与ANO1蛋白有关系的疾病治疗,优选地,为镇痛,更优选地,为炎性疼痛的镇痛,或骨癌疼的镇痛。
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