CN116438984A

CN116438984A - High-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting

Info

Publication number: CN116438984A
Application number: CN202310299999.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏然
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-03-26
Filing date: 2023-03-26
Publication date: 2023-07-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting, which comprises a frame, front wheels, rear wheels, a transplanter punching mechanism, a seedling clamping mechanism, a seedling throwing mechanism, a seedling tray feeding mechanism, a microcomputer control cabinet and a hydraulic transmission system. According to the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting, provided by the invention, the provided frame, the microcomputer control panel cabinet, the front wheel, the transmission gear box, the power-driven hydraulic oil pump, the transplanter punching mechanism, the seedling clamping mechanism, the seedling throwing mechanism, the seedling tray feeding mechanism and the rear wheel are beneficial to realizing wet planting, the survival rate of seedlings is improved, the transplanting plant spacing is conveniently and accurately determined, the front and back swing is further carried out in the process of inserting the punching head into soil for punching, the displacement caused by the advancing of the transplanter is counteracted, the punching head is approximately static relative to the soil in the process of entering soil for punching, and the transplanter is simple in structure and convenient to operate, so that better use prospects are brought.

Description

High-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of seedling transplanting, in particular to a high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting.

Background

In modern agricultural production, in order to avoid adverse effects of bad weather of early spring on crops, the growing period of the crops is prolonged to obtain high yield, a greenhouse is adopted for seedling cultivation, seedlings are transplanted to a field after the unstable weather of early spring is basically finished, in large-area vegetable planting production, the greenhouse is generally adopted for seedling cultivation, the field transplanting mode is generally adopted, manual transplanting is relied on in the early stage, each person is planted about 1-1.5 mu each day, the efficiency is low, the transplanting production requirement cannot be met, mechanical transplanting machines in Europe are introduced in scientific research institutions in the last century, and a basket or rocker-arm type duckbill type transplanting machine suitable for national conditions of China is designed through research and digestion and absorption for many years, but the existing basket or rocker-arm type duckbill type transplanting machine cannot meet the requirements of people.

The existing hanging basket or rocker-arm duckbill transplanting machine has certain defects when in use, firstly, in the use process, the existing hanging basket or rocker-arm duckbill transplanting machine drives duckbill to be inserted into soil through the hanging basket or rocker arm, duckbill is opened timely, seedlings are planted into the soil, the transplanting speed of the form is limited by transplanting movement frequency, transplanting efficiency is difficult to improve, and the existing duckbill transplanting machine has the defects that field soil for planting seedlings cannot be excessively wet, soil is required to be dry, because the soil contains too high moisture, soil can be stuck on the duckbill, a large mud ball is not formed for a long time, a plastic film is not broken due to a stamp, manual cleaning is needed, and working efficiency is affected. However, before transplanting in arid areas, the soil is required to be watered, the soil moisture content of the soil is improved, the survival rate of seedlings is ensured, but the duckbilled transplanting requires the soil to be dried, the contradiction is not solved, the transplanting survival rate is low in use, popularization in many places is difficult, and certain adverse effects are brought to the use process of people.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter comprises a frame, a front wheel, a rear wheel, a transplanter punching mechanism, a seedling clamping mechanism, a seedling throwing mechanism, a seedling tray feeding mechanism, a microcomputer control cabinet and a hydraulic transmission system.

Preferably, the transplanter punching mechanism, there is the swing cover in slide bearing seat, there is the bearing at swing cover both ends, be equipped with a shaft body between the bearing, a sprocket is equipped with in proper order to a shaft body one end, the shaft coupling, a hydraulic motor passes through the shaft coupling and is connected with a shaft body, install the eccentric wheel at the other end of a shaft body, the eccentric wheel passes through connecting rod drive No. two hydraulic motor and reciprocates the slip from top to bottom, no. two hydraulic motor is connected with a bearing frame, no. one the bearing frame other end is connected with the head that punches, no. two hydraulic motor drive the head that punches is constantly rotatory in inserting the soil, no. two hydraulic motor and a bearing frame are fixed on the plane of sliding sleeve, the guide arm has been worn in the middle of the sliding sleeve, under the drive of eccentric wheel, no. two hydraulic motor and the head that punches reciprocate along the guide arm, the hole and the swing cover still fit, the other end of swing cover installs the pendulum rod still fit, with the swing cover still fit, no. one hydraulic motor drive No. one the sprocket, no. one the hydraulic motor, no. two the drive the pendulum rod, the pivot drive No. two pivot through the sprocket, the swing frame, the swing and drive the swing through the swing.

Preferably, the seedling throwing mechanism is characterized in that a third hydraulic motor is installed on the base, a small bevel gear is installed at the output end of the third hydraulic motor, the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear, a second sprocket is coaxially installed with the large bevel gear, a sprocket is installed at the other end of the base, a lug plate chain is installed between the second sprocket and the sprocket, a seedling cup is installed on a chain lug plate, the hydraulic motor coaxially fixed with the second sprocket rotates to drive the large bevel gear, the second sprocket and the third sprocket to rotate, the seedling cup is driven to move, a seedling throwing port is arranged at the tail of the base, the seedling cup moves into a hole where seedlings are thrown by the seedling throwing port, the seedling throwing operation is completed, four round magnets are embedded on the sprocket, and the Hall sensor is used for transmitting angle signals which can be rotated to the microcomputer control board.

Preferably, the seedling clamping mechanism is characterized in that the parallelogram mechanism consisting of a movable bottom plate, a rocker arm, a parallel rod and a seedling clamping clamp is connected with a swing oil cylinder, the swing oil cylinder pushes or pulls to drive the rocker arm to swing, so that the seedling clamping clamp is driven to retreat or stretch forwards, the seedling clamping position retreats to the upper side of a seedling cup, the seedling is waited to be placed in the seedling cup, the seedling clamping clamp is then stretched forwards to clamp the seedling, a fixed bottom plate of the seedling clamping mechanism is fixed on a frame, two linear bearings are arranged on the fixed bottom plate, a round rod penetrates through a linear bearing hole, a lifting oil cylinder is arranged on the fixed bottom plate, the lifting oil cylinder is connected with a lifting rocking handle, the lifting rocking handle is driven to swing by pushing or pulling of the lifting oil cylinder, the round rod is driven to move upwards and downwards, the movable bottom plate is driven to move upwards and downwards by the lifting action of the lifting oil cylinder, and the seedling clamping clamp is driven to lift, and the seedling clamping is completed to be pulled out of a tray from a hole.

Preferably, the seedling tray feeding mechanism is characterized in that a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat are arranged on a first base, a first sprocket wheel is arranged on a shaft in a bearing hole, a first sprocket wheel with the same number of teeth as the first sprocket wheel is arranged on a shaft in the bearing hole of the rear bearing seat, a first chain with an ear plate is arranged between the two sprocket wheels, round steel with the diameter of mm is arranged in the corresponding ear hole, the round steel bears a seedling tray, an overrun clutch is arranged on a front sprocket wheel shaft and is connected with an oil feeding cylinder, the overrun clutch is closed when a piston rod of the oil feeding cylinder pushes out, the first sprocket wheel is driven to rotate through the shaft, thereby driving the first chain to move forwards, the seedling is clamped to the position where the seedling is clamped, the overrun clutch is separated in the process of piston of the oil feeding cylinder, the first sprocket wheel is not driven to rotate, the tray is not retreated, and the seedling tray conveying mechanism sends the seedling tray to the position according to a microcomputer instruction.

Preferably, the automatic punching control system is formed by a # microcomputer control board, a position sensor and a hydraulic electromagnetic valve, wherein the # microcomputer control board takes a singlechip as a core, the # microcomputer control board is used for setting a punching plant distance, the punching space is controlled, the running speed of the transplanter is calculated, liquid crystal display information is output, the transplanter is provided with a length measuring wheel CD and a coaxial encoder DK, the length measuring wheel CD drives the encoder DK to rotate to send pulse signals when running, the running distance is converted into the pulse signals, the pulse signals are sent to the # microcomputer control board, the microcomputer control board calculates the running distance, the running speed and the operation area according to the number of received pulses, matrix keys are required to be set for the transplanting plant distance, after the # control board receives the pulses and calculates the running distance to be equal to the plant distance, a command is sent to start a first hydraulic motor to drive a Hall head L to punch, the sensor sends signals when a bearing approaches, and the control board closes the first hydraulic motor to control the left and right two-line punching operation.

Preferably, the # microcomputer control board controls the seedling throwing mechanism, the seedling clamping mechanism and the seedling tray feeding mechanism, an infrared ray detection head (DK) is arranged below a () bottom plate of the seedling throwing mechanism, the hole which is found is well drilled is searched, the detection head (DK) sends a signal to a # control board immediately after the hole is found, the # control board opens a control electromagnetic valve of a three-number hydraulic motor, the seedling throwing cup moves, when the seedling throwing cup moves to a seedling throwing position, the seedling throwing is carried out, a positioning magnet () on a second sprocket () reaches the position below the detection head (DK), the sensor DK) sends an in-place signal to a # control board, the # control board closes the electromagnetic valve, the seedling cup stops moving, one-time seedling throwing is completed, the # control board controls one-row seedling throwing operation, the other row of control boards and the same # control board, the seedling clamping cylinder is opened, the seedling clamping clamp is automatically moved, the seedling clamping cup falls into the position after the seedling clamping is set, the seedling clamping is stopped, the seedling clamping is continuously moved to the seedling clamping tray according to a program, the seedling clamping mechanism is not set up until the seedling clamping is continuously moved to the seedling clamping tray, the seedling clamping tray is lifted, the seedling clamping mechanism is continuously in the program, or the seedling clamping tray is continuously moved until the seedling clamping is lifted according to the program, and the seedling clamping position is continuously after the seedling clamping is set up in the program, the # microcomputer control board controls one row and the other row is controlled by the same # microcomputer control board as the # control board.

Preferably, the high-speed transplanter is used for transplanting two rows at a time, the high-speed transplanter is provided with the same system, the hydraulic transmission system is also completely the same, the diagram is a hydraulic system schematic diagram of one row, the power output shaft of the tractor is used for driving the hydraulic oil pump through the power of the transmission gear box, the left and right output shafts of the transmission gear box are respectively connected with the same power driving hydraulic oil pump, and the two power driving hydraulic oil pumps respectively provide power for the left and right row of transplanter punching mechanism, the seedling throwing mechanism, the seedling clamping mechanism and the seedling tray feeding mechanism.

Preferably, the seedling clamping mechanism is provided with a fixed bottom plate, a rocker arm, a parallel rod and a parallelogram mechanism consisting of seedling clamping clamps, the seedling clamping mechanism is ensured to keep a horizontal posture in the working process, two upper guide rails and lower guide rails which are parallel up and down are arranged at the lower end of the rocker arm, a right clamping piece is fixed on the upper guide rail, the right clamping piece moves left and right along with the upper guide rail, a left clamping piece is arranged on the lower guide rail, the clamping piece can slide on the lower guide rail, the left clamping piece is formed by a small spring, the position of the clamping piece is determined by pulling, the pulling force of the small spring is adjusted, the clamping force of the two clamping pieces is adjusted, the seedling clamping cylinder (a piston rod stretches out to push the upper guide rail to slide rightwards, the swing arm is pushed to swing, the lower guide rail is pushed leftwards by the lower end of the swing arm, the action of opening the seedling clamping cylinder is realized, and the seedling clamping is determined by the action of the reset spring under the action of the reset spring when the piston rod of the seedling clamping cylinder is retracted.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the seedling transplanting machine comprises a frame, a microcomputer control panel cabinet, a front wheel, a transmission gear box, a power driven hydraulic oil pump, a transplanter punching mechanism, a seedling clamping mechanism, a seedling throwing mechanism, a seedling tray feeding mechanism, a rear wheel, a first chain, a hole tray, a front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat, seedlings, round steel, a feeding oil cylinder, an overrunning clutch, a first base, a first hydraulic motor, a guide rod and a sliding sleeve; the high-speed drilling automatic seedling transplanting machine adopts the technologies and mechanisms such as a microcomputer, a hydraulic transmission mechanism, a mechanical mechanism and the like to realize high-speed drilling, automatic seedling feeding and seedling throwing, only one seedling feeding per machine is improved by-times compared with a manual seedling transplanting machine, and the single working efficiency is improved by one-man. The invention mainly comprises a punching mechanism, a rotary punching head for punching holes according to set plant spacing, a probing hole seedling throwing mechanism with infrared ranging probing holes, a microcomputer control board for accurately throwing seedlings, an automatic seedling feeding mechanism for clamping seedlings from seedling raising trays in batches according to instructions sent by a microcomputer to timely throw seedling cups, and a novel technology integrated design of machine (mechanical), electric (microcomputer) and liquid (hydraulic) is carried out according to programs in the microcomputer by action coordination of the parts, the seedling planting duckbill is abandoned, the wet planting is realized, the survival rate of seedlings is improved, the punching of the punching mechanism is controlled by a computer, the computer calculates the distance travelled by the transplanter through counting the pulses sent by an encoder driven by a distance measuring wheel, the punching of the punching head is controlled, the transplanting plant spacing is conveniently and accurately determined, the punching mechanism consists of a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat with a sleeve, an eccentric wheel, a guide rod, a connecting rod and a punching head component which drive the punching head to move up and down, a chain wheel, a chain, an eccentric wheel and a connecting rod which drive the punching head component to swing, the punching head is driven to swing up and down and also to swing back and forth under the driving of the swinging eccentric wheel when the punching head is inserted into soil to punch, the displacement caused by the forward movement of the transplanter is counteracted, the whole transplanter for seedling transplanting, which is used for high-speed punching and automatic seedling feeding, is simple in structure, convenient to operate and better in using effect compared with the traditional mode.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is an assembly view of a punching mechanism of a high-speed transplanter of the transplanter, which is used for automatic seedling feeding through high-speed punching in seedling transplanting.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the motion of the punch mechanism of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punch automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the seedling feeding mechanism of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the seedling feeding mechanism of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punch automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a transmission fit diagram of a seedling throwing mechanism of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting of the invention;

fig. 9 is a rear view of the high-speed transplanter clamping seedling mechanism, seedling tray feeding mechanism and seedling throwing mechanism of the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a side view of the high speed transplanter clamping seedling mechanism, seedling tray feeding mechanism of the high speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a view showing a structure of a high-speed transplanter clamping seedling clamp of the transplanter for automatic seedling feeding through high-speed punching for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the motion of the high-speed transplanter clamping mechanism of the transplanter for automatic high-speed punching and seedling feeding for seedling transplanting of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a side view of the tray feed mechanism of the high-speed transplanter of the present invention for a high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of the microcomputer control board of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the hydraulic transmission of the high-speed transplanter of the high-speed punch automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a microcomputer control board bin; 3. a front wheel; 4. a transmission gear box; 5. a power-driven hydraulic oil pump; 7. a transplanter punching mechanism; 8. a seedling clamping mechanism; 9. a seedling throwing mechanism; 10. a seedling tray feeding mechanism; 11. a rear wheel; 101. a first sprocket; 102. a first chain; 103. a plug; 104. a front bearing seat; 105. a rear bearing seat; 106. seedling; 107. round steel; 108. feeding an oil cylinder; 109. an overrunning clutch; 110. a first base; 701. a hydraulic motor number one; 702. a guide rod; 703. a sliding sleeve; 704. a sliding bearing seat; 706. a swinging sleeve; 707. a first shaft body; 708. a bearing; 710. a coupling; 711. swing rod; 71. an eccentric wheel; 72. a connecting rod; 73. a hydraulic motor II; 74. a first bearing seat; 75. a punching head; 76. a second sprocket; 80. clamping seedling clamps; 81. a rocker arm; 801. a left clamping piece; 802. a right clamping piece; 810. seedling clamping oil cylinders; 812. an upper guide rail; 813. a lower guide rail; 814. swing arm; 816. a small spring; 817. a spring; 82. parallel bars; 83. swinging the oil cylinder; 84. a lifting oil cylinder; 85. lifting the rocking handle; 86. a linear bearing; 87. a fixed bottom plate; 88. a movable bottom plate; 89. a round bar; 90. a base; 91. a second sprocket; 911. a hall sensor; 916. a hole; 92. a bevel pinion; 93. a large bevel gear; 94. a hydraulic motor No. three; 95. seedling cups; 97. a seedling throwing port; 99. and (3) a magnet.

Description of the embodiments

The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, a transmission gear box 4 is installed at the front end of a frame 1, a spline shaft at the front end of the transmission gear box 4 is connected with a transmission shaft of a tractor, and a hydraulic oil pump 5 is driven by power transmitted by the tractor to provide power for a punching mechanism 7, a seedling clamping mechanism 8, a seedling throwing mechanism 9 and a seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 of the transplanter. A microcomputer control board cabinet 2 is also arranged at the front half part of the frame 1. There is also a travelling front wheel 3, a hydraulic oil tank 6. The front half part of the machine frame 1 is provided with a punching mechanism 7 in a broken line frame, the rear half part of the machine frame 1 is provided with a seedling clamping mechanism 8 in a broken line frame, a seedling throwing mechanism 9 and a seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 in the broken line frame, and the punching mechanism 7 punches out holes for transplanting seedlings according to a set plant spacing under the control of a microcomputer control board in a microcomputer control cabinet 2. The seedling throwing mechanism 9 is provided with a hole detecting head, and the operations of exploring holes and throwing seedlings into holes are completed under the control of the microcomputer control board. The seedling clamping mechanism 8 clamps the seedlings from the plug tray under the control of the microcomputer control board, accurately drops the seedlings into the seedling cups of the seedling throwing mechanism 9, and ensures that the seedling throwing mechanism 9 throws the seedlings reliably. The seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 accurately feeds the seedling tray to a preset position according to a preset rule under the control of the microcomputer control board, so that the seedling clamping mechanism 8 can accurately clamp the seedlings, and a rear wheel 11 is arranged at the tail of the frame 1.

Examples

As shown in figure 2, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that two sets of transplanting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged left and right, and therefore the mechanisms with the same left and right are marked by the same code. The front end of the frame 1 is provided with a transmission gear box 4, a spline shaft at the front end of the transmission gear box 4 is connected with a transmission shaft of a tractor, and a hydraulic oil pump 5 is driven by power transmitted by the tractor to provide power for a punching mechanism 7, a seedling clamping mechanism 8, a seedling throwing mechanism 9 and a seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 of the transplanter. The front half part of the frame 1 is also provided with a microcomputer control cabinet 2, a traveling front wheel and a hydraulic oil tank 8. The front half part of the frame 1 is provided with a punching mechanism 7, the rear half part of the frame 1 is provided with a seedling clamping mechanism 8, a seedling throwing mechanism 9 and a seedling tray feeding mechanism 10, and the punching mechanism 7 punches holes for transplanting seedlings according to set plant spacing under the control of a microcomputer control board in a microcomputer control cabinet 2. The seedling throwing mechanism 9 is provided with a hole detecting head, and the operations of exploring holes and throwing seedlings into holes are completed under the control of the microcomputer control board. The seedling clamping mechanism 8 clamps the seedlings from the plug tray under the control of the microcomputer control board, and the seedlings are thrown into the seedling cup of the seedling throwing mechanism 9 on time, so that the seedling throwing mechanism 9 is ensured to throw the seedlings reliably. The seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 accurately feeds the seedling tray to a preset position according to a preset rule under the control of the microcomputer control board, so that the seedling clamping mechanism 8 can accurately clamp the seedlings. At the rear of the frame 1 is a rear wheel 11.

Examples

As shown in fig. 3, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is provided with a transmission gear box 4 at the front end of the frame 1, and two hydraulic pumps 5 are respectively arranged at two sides of the transmission gear box 4 to respectively power two sets of transplanting mechanisms. The seedling throwing mechanism 9 arranged at the rear half part of the frame 1 is positioned below, so that seedlings can be conveniently thrown into the holes. A seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 is arranged on the side surface of the seedling throwing mechanism 9, and the seedling tray feeding mechanism is used for feeding seedlings to the seedling clamping and taking mechanism 8 according to the control of the microcomputer control board. The seedling clamping mechanism 8 is positioned above the seedling throwing mechanism 9, and supplements seedlings to seedling cups of the seedling throwing mechanism 9 in real time under the control of the microcomputer control board.

Examples

As shown in fig. 4, in the transplanting machine for high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding for seedling transplanting, a swinging sleeve 706 is installed in a copper sleeve 705 in a sliding bearing seat 704, bearings 708 are installed in two ends of the swinging sleeve 706, and a shaft 707 is assembled in the bearings. The right end of the shaft 707 is in turn provided with a sprocket 76, a coupling 710, and is connected to the hydraulic motor 701 via the coupling 710. An eccentric wheel 71 is mounted at the left end of the shaft 707, the eccentric wheel 71 drives a hydraulic motor 73 through a connecting rod 72, and the hydraulic motor 73 is connected with a punching head 75 through a bearing seat 74. The hydraulic motor 73 rotates continuously in the process of punching, drives the punching head 75 to rotate continuously in the process of inserting the hydraulic motor into the soil, and has three functions, namely, the punched hole wall is smooth, the mulching film is easy to puncture, and the punching head cannot adhere to the soil. The hydraulic motor 73 and the bearing seat 74 are fixed on the plane of the sliding sleeve 703, and a guide rod 702 is penetrated in the middle of the sliding sleeve 703. The hydraulic motor 73 and the punching head 75 slide up and down along the guide bar 702 under the driving of the eccentric 71. The upper end of the guide rod 702 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the swinging sleeve 706, the guide rod 702 is in static fit with the swinging sleeve 706, the other end of the swinging sleeve 706 is fixedly provided with the swinging rod 711, and the swinging sleeve 706 is in static fit with the swinging rod 711, so that the swinging rod 711 can drive the guide rod 702 to swing, the punch 75 can slide up and down and swing at the same time, and the swinging is used for counteracting the advancing movement of the transplanter. During the insertion of the punch head 75 into the ground, the transplanter advances forward, and the punch head 75 swings backward, so that the movement of the punch head 75 and the punch head overlap substantially zero, and the punch head 75 is prevented from pulling out long holes in the ground. The swing rod 711 is driven by a connecting rod 77, the connecting rod 77 is connected with the eccentric wheel 70, the eccentric wheel 70 is connected with the shaft 707 through a chain wheel 79, a chain 78 and a chain wheel 76, the hydraulic motor 701 rotates to drive the eccentric wheel 70 to rotate, and the punching head 75 is driven to swing through the connecting rod 77, the swing sleeve 706 and the guide rod 702.

Examples

As shown in fig. 5, the high-speed punching automatic seedling-feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that an eccentric wheel 71 is connected with an eccentric wheel 70 through a chain wheel 79, a chain 78 and a chain wheel 76, and the operation is kept synchronous. The eccentric wheel 71 is driven by the hydraulic motor to rotate, and from the initial position A, the connecting rod 72, the hydraulic motor 73 and the punching head 75 are driven to slide downwards along the guide rod 702. Simultaneously, the eccentric wheel 70 rotates under the drive of the chain wheel 79, the chain 78 and the chain wheel 76, and drives the guide rod 702 to swing forwards through the connecting rod 77, so that the punching head 75 also swings forwards. Position B in fig. 5 is the position where eccentric 71 and eccentric 70 rotate through 1/4 of a circumference, with the combined action of the two eccentrics moving the punch head to a position near the ground and forward most, i.e. to be inserted into the ground. Under the continuous action of the eccentric wheels 71 and 70, the punching head 75 is continuously inserted into the soil, and on one hand, the punching head moves backwards, and the movement is opposite to the advancing direction of the transplanting machine, so that the forward movement of the punching head 75 driven by the movement of the transplanting machine is counteracted. When the eccentric 71, 70 rotates 1/2 way through, the punch head 75 reaches position C in fig. 5. The lower half cycle, the punch 75 continues to swing back while lifting gradually out of the soil under the combined action of the eccentric 71 and the eccentric 70. Rotate 3/4 of a circle to reach the D position. Finally, the E position, namely the initial position, is reached, and the punching operation is completed once.

Examples

As shown in fig. 6, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting ensures accurate seedling feeding by punching holes on the central line of the seedling feeding mechanism 9. The seedling throwing mechanism is mounted on the base 90. A chain wheel 91 and a chain wheel 96 are arranged on the base, a lug bending plate chain 98 is arranged between the chain wheel 91 and the chain wheel 96, 18 seedling cups 95 are arranged on the chain 98, and the chain 96 drives the seedling cups 95 to move when driven by the chain wheel 91. A large bevel gear 93 coaxially fixed with the chain wheel 91 is meshed with a small bevel gear 92, the small bevel gear 92 is fixed on an output shaft of a hydraulic motor 94, the hydraulic motor can drive the large bevel gear 93, the chain wheel 91 and the chain wheel 96 to rotate through rotation, and a chain 98 moves under the drive of the chain wheel 91 to drive the seedling cup 95 to move. A seedling throwing port 97 is arranged at the tail part of the base 90, and the seedling cup 95 moves to the position that seedlings are leaked from the seedling throwing port and thrown into holes formed by the punching mechanism 7, so that the seedling throwing operation is completed. Four round magnets 99 are embedded on the sprocket 96, and the angle through which the sprocket 96 rotates is provided for a microcomputer control board in cooperation with a hall sensor of an automatic control part.

Examples

As shown in fig. 7, the high-speed punching automatic seedling-feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is provided with a front bearing seat 912, a rear bearing seat 913, a chain wheel 91 and a chain wheel 96 on a base 90, a chain 98 is arranged between the two chain wheels, and 18 seedling cups 95 are fixedly arranged on the chain 98. A large bevel gear 93 is coaxially arranged with the chain wheel 91, a small bevel gear 92 meshed with the large bevel gear 93 is arranged at the output shaft end of a hydraulic motor 94, and the hydraulic motor can drive the large bevel gear 93 and the chain wheel 91 to drive a chain 98 to move through the small bevel gear 92 when rotating, so that the seedling cup is driven to move. The riding wheel 910 is installed at the tail of the base 90, so that the base 90 keeps a certain height with the ground.

Examples

As shown in fig. 8, the high-speed punching automatic seedling-feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that a front bearing seat 912 and a rear bearing seat 913 are arranged on a base 90, a chain wheel 91 and a large bevel gear 93 are coaxially arranged on the front bearing seat 912, a small bevel gear 92 meshed with the large bevel gear 93 is arranged at the output shaft end of a hydraulic motor 94, the chain wheel 91 drives a chain wheel 96 through a chain 98, the chain wheel 96 is arranged on the rear bearing seat 913, four small magnets 99 are uniformly distributed on the chain wheel, a hall sensor switch 911 is matched with the chain wheel, when the magnets 99 rotate below the hall sensor switch 911, the hall sensor switch sends a signal to a microcomputer control board, the microcomputer control board turns off a hydraulic motor electromagnetic valve, and the seedling cup stops moving.

Examples

As shown in fig. 9, the high-speed punching automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting is provided with a seedling clamping mechanism 8 above, wherein the seedling clamping mechanism 8 is a parallelogram mechanism, so that the seedling clamping process of the seedling clamping clamp 80 can keep the posture unchanged. The swing cylinder 83 drives the seedling clamping and taking clamp 80 to swing through the push-pull rocker arm 81, and one end of the parallel rod 82 is connected with the movable bottom plate 88 through a pin. Two round rods 89 are fixedly installed on the movable bottom plate 88 and penetrate through the linear bearings 86 to move up and down in a linear manner, the linear bearings 86 are installed on the fixed bottom plate 87, the lifting oil cylinders 84 are installed on the fixed bottom plate 87, and the lifting oil cylinders 84 drive the round rods 89 to lift and descend through the lifting rocker arms 85, so that the movable bottom plate 87 is driven to lift, the seedling clamping clamps 80 are driven to lift, and the clamped seedlings 106 are pulled up from the plug 103.

Examples

As shown in fig. 10, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that a fixing base plate 87 of the seedling clamping mechanism 8 is fixed on a frame. Two linear bearings 86 are arranged on the fixed bottom plate 87, a round rod 89 penetrates through a hole of the linear bearing 88, a lifting oil cylinder 84 is fixed on the fixed bottom plate 87, the lifting oil cylinder 84 is connected with a lifting rocking handle 85, push-pull of the lifting oil cylinder 84 drives the lifting rocking handle 85 to swing and then drives the round rod 89 to move up and down, the movable bottom plate 88 is fixedly connected with the round rod 89, and the up-and-down motion of the lifting round rod 84 finally drives the fixed bottom plate 88 to move up and down. The seedling clamping clamp 80, the rocker arm 81, the parallel rod 82 and the swing oil cylinder 83 are all arranged on the movable bottom plate 88, and the movable bottom plate 88 moves upwards, namely drives the seedling clamping clamp 80 to move upwards, and the seedling clamping clamp is pulled out from the seedling plug to be clamped.

As shown in fig. 11, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that a linear guide rail sliding block, an upper guide rail sliding block 816 and a lower guide rail sliding block 815 are fixedly connected to the lower end of a rocker arm 81, and two rocker arms 81 are symmetrically arranged on one side respectively. An upper rail 812 is mounted in the upper rail slider 816 and a lower rail 813 is mounted in the lower rail slider 815. The upper rail 812 is fixed with 8 right clips 802 for gripping the seedling clips 80, the 8 clips move left and right along with the upper rail 812, the lower rail 813 is mounted with 8 left clips 801, and the 8 clip bases are 8 sliding blocks, so that they can slide on the lower rail 813. From the enlarged view of the back of the right side, it can be seen that each left clamping piece 801 on the back is provided with a small spring 818 to pull the base to fix the position of the base, and simultaneously, the clamping force between the two left clamping pieces 801 and the right clamping piece 802 can be adjusted by adjusting the tension of the small springs 818, so that seedlings can be stably clamped, and the seedlings cannot be damaged.

As shown in fig. 12, the high-speed punching automatic seedling-feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting has a swing arm 81 and a parallel rod 82 in a vertical position, and a seedling-gripping clamp 80 in a position away from seedlings. And the position B shows that the swing oil cylinder pushes the rocker arm 81 to drive the seedling clamping and taking clamp 80 to swing forwards, the seedling clamping and taking clamp 80 is inserted into the plug tray, the seedling clamping and taking clamp 80 clamps, and corresponding seedlings are clamped. The position C shows that the movable bottom plate 88 drives the rocker arm 81, the parallel rods 82 and the seedling clamping clamp 80 to ascend, and the seedling clamping clamp 80 pulls up the seedlings to be held. The D position shows that the swing oil cylinder pulls the swing arm 81 to move backwards and drives the seedling clamping clamp 80 to swing backwards to the position above the seedling cup 95 together with the clamped seedlings. The E position indicates that the seedling clamping clamp 80 waits for a microcomputer instruction after reaching the upper part of the seedling cup 95, and descends after receiving the seedling placing instruction. While opening the clamp 80. The F position represents the backward swing of the clamping seedling 80, namely the seedling falls into the seedling cup 95 and then swings to the final position. Position G indicates that the seedling clamping clamp 80 swings forward under the pushing of the swing cylinder to reach the position of clamping the seedlings, starts clamping the seedlings, and repeats the previous working process cycle. The above cycle and seedling throwing into the seedling cup 95 are all completed under the control of the microcomputer according to the instruction.

As shown in fig. 13, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that a base 110 of a seedling tray feeding mechanism 10 is arranged on a frame 1, a front bearing seat 104 and a rear bearing seat 105 are arranged on the base 110, the front bearing seat 104 is provided with a bearing, a chain wheel 101 is arranged on a shaft in a bearing hole, the rear bearing seat 105 is provided with a bearing, the shaft in the bearing hole is provided with a chain wheel with the same number of teeth as the front, a chain 102 with lugs is arranged between the two chain wheels, round steel 107 with the diameter of 5mm is arranged in corresponding lug holes, and the round steel 107 carries seedling tray 103. An overrunning clutch 109 is arranged on the front chain wheel shaft, the overrunning clutch 109 is connected with an oil feeding cylinder 108, and when the oil feeding cylinder 108 is pushed out by a piston, the overrunning clutch 109 is closed to drive the chain wheel 101 to rotate through a shaft, so that the chain 102 is driven to move and the plug 103 is driven to move forwards, and the seedling 106 is placed at the position where the seedling clamping clamp 80 clamps the seedling. During the process of drawing back the piston of the feeding cylinder 108, the overrunning clutch is separated and does not drive the chain wheel 101 to rotate, and the plug 103 does not retract. So that the tray transport mechanism advances the trays 103 into position.

As shown in fig. 14, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting uses three microcomputer control boards with a singlechip as a core, a position sensor and a hydraulic electromagnetic valve to form an automatic control system. The core of the No. 1 control board is an STC89C52RC singlechip, and is used for setting the punching plant spacing, controlling the punching spacing, calculating the advancing speed of the transplanter and outputting liquid crystal display data. The transplanter is equipped with a length measuring wheel CD1 with a circumference of 500mm, and an encoder DK1 of 100P/r is coaxial with the length measuring wheel CD 1. The length measuring wheel CD1 rotates under the action of ground friction force when the transplanting machine advances, and drives the encoder DK1 to rotate to send out a pulse signal. The circumference of the length measuring wheel CD1 is 500mm, and the encoder DK1 of 100P/r encodes the measured length, namely, the encoder sends out 100 pulses every time the length measuring wheel rotates for one circle, and each pulse indicates that the length measuring wheel rotates for 5mm, namely, the transplanting machine travels for 5mm. The pulse signal of the encoder is sent to a 1# microcomputer control board, and the 1# microcomputer control board calculates according to the frequency of the pulse signal, so that the traveling speed of the transplanter is obtained. The 1# control board is linked with the liquid crystal display through a serial port and is linked with matrix keys K1, K2, K3 and K4, and operators input plant spacing and paved film spacing to the 1# control board through the keys K1, K2, K3 and K4. The 1# control board calculates and converts the pulse number required by the distance between the transplanting machine and the plant spacing according to the set plant spacing, and when the 1# control board receives the pulse number sent by the encoder DK1 and sends out a command to open a control electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic motor 701 of the punching head, the hydraulic motor drives the punching head The eccentric wheel 71L rotates to drive the punching head 75L to punch. The eccentric wheel 71L is provided with a positioning magnet 708L, the positioning magnet 708L is detected and signaled to the No. 1 control board through the Hall sensor DK2 after one revolution, the No. 1 control board sends out a command to close the hydraulic motor control electromagnetic valve, the hydraulic motor is stopped, and the left row completes one punching operation. 1# control plate and count the number of holes to calculate the work area { plant spacing mm X number of holes X film spacing mm)/(666 m) ² X1000000). And is displayed by a liquid crystal screen.

As shown in fig. 15, the high-speed punching automatic seedling feeding transplanter for seedling transplanting is used for transplanting two rows at a time, the transplanter is provided with the same transplanting system, the hydraulic transmission system is also completely the same, and fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of one system. The system adopts a gear pump 0-1 with the discharge capacity of 60ml/r to supply oil for the system, and controls the pressure of the system to be 10Mpa/cm by adjusting an overflow valve 0-2 ² The system comprises three hydraulic motors and five hydraulic cylinders, wherein the hydraulic motors or the hydraulic cylinders are controlled to act by corresponding hydraulic solenoid valves, the corresponding throttle valves are used for controlling the rotating speed of the hydraulic motors or the push-pull acting speed of the cylinders,

Before use, the high-speed punching automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting is characterized in that a frame 1, a microcomputer control board cabinet 2, a front wheel 3, a transmission gear box 4, a power-driven hydraulic oil pump 5, a transplanter punching mechanism 7, a seedling clamping mechanism 8, a seedling throwing mechanism 9, a seedling tray feeding mechanism 10, a rear wheel 11, a first chain wheel 101, a first chain 102, a plug 103, a front bearing seat 104, a rear bearing seat 105, seedlings 106, round steel 707, an oil feeding cylinder 108, an overrunning clutch 109, a first base 110, a first hydraulic motor 701, a guide rod 702 and a sliding sleeve are arranged; 703. the automatic seedling feeding and transplanting machine for high-speed punching and automatic seedling feeding is realized by adopting the technologies and mechanisms such as a microcomputer, hydraulic transmission, a mechanical mechanism and the like, wherein the automatic seedling feeding and transplanting machine for high-speed punching and automatic seedling feeding is realized, and the work efficiency of each single-person automatic seedling feeding and transplanting machine is improved by 8-10 times compared with that of the manual seedling feeding and the automatic seedling feeding and transplanting machine for only one-person automatic seedling feeding and the efficiency is improved by 8-80 times. The invention mainly comprises a punching mechanism, a rotary punching head for punching holes according to set plant spacing, a probing hole seedling throwing mechanism with infrared ranging probing holes, a microcomputer control board for accurately throwing seedlings, an automatic seedling feeding mechanism for clamping seedlings from seedling raising trays in batches according to instructions sent by a microcomputer to timely throw seedling cups, and a novel technology integrated design of machine (mechanical), electric (microcomputer) and liquid (hydraulic) is carried out according to programs in the microcomputer by action coordination of the parts, the seedling planting duckbill is abandoned, the wet planting is realized, the survival rate of seedlings is improved, the punching of the punching mechanism is controlled by a computer, the computer calculates the distance travelled by the transplanter through counting the pulses sent by an encoder driven by a distance measuring wheel, the punching of the punching head is controlled, the transplanting plant spacing is conveniently and accurately determined, the punching mechanism consists of a hydraulic motor, a bearing seat with a sleeve, an eccentric wheel, a guide rod, a connecting rod and a punching head component which drive the punching head to move up and down, a chain wheel, a chain, an eccentric wheel and a connecting rod which drive the punching head component to swing, the punching head is driven to swing up and down and also to swing back and forth under the driving of the swinging eccentric wheel when the punching head is inserted into soil to punch, the displacement caused by the forward movement of the transplanter is counteracted, the punching head is approximately static relative to the land in the process of entering the soil and punching, and is practical.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a transplanter that is used for seedling to transplant automatic seedling that goes up of high-speed punching, this machine uses microcomputer technique, hydraulic transmission technique and mechanical transmission technique to realize quick-witted-electricity-liquid integration, its characterized in that: the machine comprises a frame (1), a front wheel (3), a rear wheel (11), a transplanter punching mechanism (7), a seedling clamping mechanism (8), a seedling throwing mechanism (9), a seedling tray feeding mechanism (10), a microcomputer control cabinet and a hydraulic transmission system; the transplanter punching mechanism (7), swing sleeves (706) are arranged in sliding bearing seats (704), bearings (708) are arranged at two ends of each swing sleeve (706), a first shaft body (707) is assembled between the bearings, one end of each first shaft body (707) is sequentially provided with a first sprocket (101), a coupler (710), the first hydraulic motor (701) is connected with the first shaft body (707) through the coupler (710), an eccentric wheel (71) is arranged at the other end of each first shaft body (707), the eccentric wheel (71) drives a second hydraulic motor (73) to reciprocate up and down through a connecting rod (72), the second hydraulic motor (73) is connected with a first bearing seat (74), the other end of each first bearing seat (74) is connected with a punching head (75), the second hydraulic motor (73) drives the punching heads (75) to rotate continuously in the process of being inserted into the soil, the second hydraulic motor (73) and the first bearing seat (74) are fixed on the plane of the sliding sleeve (703), the middle guide rod (73) is driven by the second hydraulic motor (73) to reciprocate up and down along the sliding sleeve (702), the guide rod (73) is matched with the second hydraulic motor (702) in a reciprocating mode, and the guide rod (73) reciprocates down along the sliding sleeve (702), the other end of the swing sleeve (706) is fixedly provided with a swing rod (711), the swing rod (711) is in static fit with the swing sleeve (706), the first hydraulic motor (701) drives the eccentric wheel (71) to rotate through the first chain wheel (101), the first chain (102) and the first chain wheel (101), drives the swing rod (711) to swing through the connecting rod (72), and drives the second hydraulic motor (73), the first bearing seat (74) and the punching head (75) to swing through the swing sleeve (706) and the guide rod (702), so that the forward motion of the transplanter is counteracted; the seedling throwing mechanism (9), install No. three hydraulic motor (94) on base (90), no. three hydraulic motor (94)'s output installs little bevel gear (92), little bevel gear (92) and big bevel gear (93) meshing, install No. two sprocket (91) with big bevel gear (93) coaxial, install sprocket (96) at the other end of base (90), install take otic placode chain (98) between No. two sprocket (91) and sprocket (96), install 18 seedling cups (95) on chain (98) otic placode, with No. two sprocket (91) coaxial fixed hydraulic motor rotation drive big bevel gear (93), no. two sprocket (91), no. three sprocket (96) rotate, drive seedling cups (95) and remove, there is seedling throwing mouth (97) at the afterbody of base (90), seedling cups (95) move to this seedling and throw in by throwing mouth (97) hourglass, accomplish and throw seedling, sprocket (96) are crossed the magnet (96) on the face of a circle and are crossed to the control panel (911) with the signal sensor of a circle on the sprocket (99); the seedling clamping and taking mechanism (8) consists of a movable bottom plate (88), a rocker arm (81), the seedling lifting device comprises a parallelogram mechanism consisting of a parallel rod (82) and a seedling clamping clamp (80), wherein the parallelogram mechanism is connected with a swing oil cylinder (83), the swing oil cylinder (83) pushes or pulls to drive a rocker arm (81) to swing, the seedling clamping clamp (80) is driven to retract or extend forwards, the seedling clamping clamp is retracted to the position above a seedling cup (95) from the seedling clamping position, seedlings are waited to be placed in the seedling cup (95), the seedling clamping clamp (80) extends forwards again to clamp the seedlings, a fixed bottom plate (87) of the seedling clamping mechanism (8) is fixed on a frame, two linear bearings (86) are arranged on the fixed bottom plate (87), a round rod (89) penetrates through holes of the linear bearings (86), a lifting oil cylinder (84) is arranged on the fixed bottom plate (87), the lifting oil cylinder (84) is connected with a lifting rocking handle (85), pushing and pulling the lifting rocking handle (85) drives a round rod (89) to move upwards, the movable bottom plate (88) is connected with the movable bottom plate (88), and the seedling clamping clamp (88) is driven to move upwards, and the seedling clamping clamp (80) is lifted out from the movable bottom plate (88) to move upwards; the seedling tray feeding mechanism (10), install front bearing frame (104) and back bearing frame (105) on base (110) No. one, install sprocket (101) on the epaxial in the bearing hole, the epaxial sprocket that installs in back bearing frame (105) bearing hole is the same with sprocket (101) tooth number, install chain (102) with otic placode between two sprockets, install round steel (107) of diameter 5mm in the earhole that corresponds, round steel 107 bears seedling tray (103), install overrun clutch (109) on the front sprocket axle, overrun clutch (109) are connected with feeding oil cylinder (108), feeding oil cylinder (108) are when the piston rod release, overrun clutch (109) are closed and are passed through the axle and drive sprocket (101) rotation, thereby drive chain (102) and transport tray (103) forward motion, will be sent to clamp and press from both sides the seedling tray (103) and press from both sides the position of taking oil feed, take off tray (103) and take off the piston (103) and advance tray (103) can not rotate according to the order that the computer, the feeding mechanism (103) will not advance tray (101) to separate.

2. The high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic punching control system is composed of a 1# microcomputer control board, a position sensor and a hydraulic electromagnetic valve, wherein the 1# microcomputer control board is used for setting a punching plant spacing, the punching spacing is controlled, the transplanting machine is used for calculating the running speed, liquid crystal display information is output, a length measuring wheel (CD 1) and a coaxial encoder (DK 1) are installed on the transplanting machine, the length measuring wheel (CD 1) drives the encoder (DK 1) to rotate to send pulse signals when the transplanting machine runs, the running distance is converted into pulse signals, the pulse signals are sent to the 1# microcomputer control board, the microcomputer board is used for calculating the running speed and the operation area according to the number of received pulses, the matrix key input is needed to be set for the transplanting plant spacing, after the 1# control board receives the pulses and calculates the running distance to be equal to the plant spacing, a first hydraulic motor (701) is started to drive a punching head (75L) to punch when a bearing (708) approaches, signals are sent when the sensor (911) is close, namely, the first hydraulic motor (911) is closed, and the left control board and the right control board is used for punching operation.

3. The high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling feeding mechanism (9), the seedling clamping mechanism (8) and the seedling tray feeding mechanism (10) are controlled by the 2# microcomputer control panel, an infrared ray detection head (DK 8) is arranged below a bottom plate (90) of the seedling feeding mechanism (9), a hole (916) is found, if the hole (916) is found, the detection head (DK 8) sends a signal to the 2# control panel, the control electromagnetic valve of a three-number hydraulic motor (94) is opened by the 2# control panel, the seedling clamping cup (95) moves, when the seedling clamping cup (95) moves to a seedling feeding position, the seedling clamping is carried out, a positioning magnet (99) on a two-number chain wheel (91) reaches the position below the detection head (DK 5), an in-place signal is sent to the 2# control panel by an inductor (DK 5), the 2# control panel closes the electromagnetic valve, the seedling clamping cup (95) stops moving, the seedling feeding operation is finished once, the seedling clamping control panel controls the seedling feeding operation, the other row of the seedling clamping cup (95) moves with the same control panel, the seedling clamping cup (95) is opened according to the sequence, the seedling clamping cup (80) is set after the seedling clamping cup (95) is clamped by the seedling clamping control panel, the seedling tray is moved forwards to a position where the seedling tray clamps the seedlings, the 8 seedlings are clamped, the seedling rack is lifted to pull out the seedlings, the seedlings are swung above the seedling cups (95) to wait for putting the seedlings again, the seedlings are continuously and circularly operated according to a set program, after the 8 seedlings are clamped, the seedling tray feeding mechanism (10) is controlled by the No. 2 control board to move left or feed the hole tray or move right according to the set program, the seedling tray is continuously conveyed, automatic seedling transplanting is realized, one row is controlled by the No. 2 microcomputer control board, and the other row is controlled by the No. 3 microcomputer control board with the same No. 2 control board.

4. The high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to claim 1, wherein: the high-speed transplanter is used for transplanting two rows at a time, the high-speed transplanter is provided with the same system, the hydraulic transmission system is also completely the same, the diagram (15) is a hydraulic system schematic diagram of one row, the power output shaft of the tractor is used for driving the hydraulic oil pump (5) through the transmission gear box (4), the same power is respectively connected with the left and right sides of the output shaft of the transmission gear box (4) to drive the hydraulic oil pump (5), and the two power is used for driving the hydraulic oil pump (5) to respectively provide power for the left and right row of the transplanter punching mechanism (7), the seedling throwing mechanism 9, the seedling clamping mechanism 8 and the seedling tray feeding mechanism 10.

5. The high-speed punch automatic seedling loading transplanter for seedling transplanting according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling clamping mechanism (8) is provided with a fixed bottom plate (87), a rocker arm (81), a parallel rod 82 and a parallelogram mechanism consisting of the seedling clamping 80, the seedling clamping is guaranteed to keep a horizontal posture in the working process, two upper guide rails (812) and a lower guide rail (813) which are parallel up and down are arranged at the lower end of the rocker arm (81), 8 right clamping pieces (802) are fixed on the upper guide rail (812), the 8 right clamping pieces (802) move left and right along with the upper guide rail (812), 8 left clamping pieces (801) are arranged on the lower guide rail (813), the 8 clamping pieces can slide on the lower guide rail 813, the left clamping pieces (801) are formed by a small spring (816), the pulling force of the small spring (816) is adjusted, the piston rod of the seedling clamping cylinder (810) stretches out, namely pushes the upper guide rail 812 to slide rightwards, the rocking arm (814) rocks, the lower end of the rocking arm (814) pushes the lower guide rail to move leftwards, and the seedling clamping cylinder (817) is retracted under the action of the small spring (816), and the seedling clamping 80 is recovered under the action of the small clamping rod (817). .