CN116435759A - Base station antenna and index adjusting method thereof - Google Patents

Base station antenna and index adjusting method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116435759A
CN116435759A CN202310704711.6A CN202310704711A CN116435759A CN 116435759 A CN116435759 A CN 116435759A CN 202310704711 A CN202310704711 A CN 202310704711A CN 116435759 A CN116435759 A CN 116435759A
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China
Prior art keywords
base station
station antenna
network
phase
disposed
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CN202310704711.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116435759B (en
Inventor
苗卫强
李传奇
杨华
高其金
章玉涛
叶桦
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Guangdong Shenglu Communication Co ltd
Guangdong Shenglu Telecommunication Tech Co Ltd
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Guangdong Shenglu Communication Co ltd
Guangdong Shenglu Telecommunication Tech Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310704711.6A priority Critical patent/CN116435759B/en
Publication of CN116435759A publication Critical patent/CN116435759A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication devices, in particular to a base station antenna and an index adjusting method thereof, wherein the base station antenna comprises an antenna array, a reflecting plate, a plurality of power division networks and N phase shifters; the antenna array is arranged on the front surface of the reflecting plate, and the phase shifter is arranged on the back surface of the reflecting plate; the antenna array comprises N rows of subarrays, wherein the subarrays comprise M radiating elements which are arranged at equal intervals, and the radiating elements are provided with feed balun; the phase shifter is internally provided with a phase shifting network, the input end of the phase shifting network is connected with the feed port of the base station antenna, the output end of the phase shifting network is electrically connected with the input end of the power dividing network, and the output end of the power dividing network is electrically connected with the input end of the feed balun; the grounding end of the power division network is electrically connected with the grounding end of the feed balun; the invention can realize the modularization of each part, simplify the assembly process and reduce the use of cables.

Description

Base station antenna and index adjusting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication devices, in particular to a base station antenna and an index adjusting method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the communication system has more and more working frequency bands, the complexity of the communication antenna has also been increasing, and higher requirements are put on the performance and assembly process of the communication antenna. However, the base station antenna in the related art generally adopts a large amount of cables, which results in higher material cost, and the assembly cost and the process requirements are increased, which is contrary to the current environment-friendly treatment concept.
The industry has long sought to improve the existing base station antenna design as much as possible, and to reduce the cable usage and simplify the assembly process while meeting the performance requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a base station antenna and an index adjusting method thereof, so as to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or creation condition.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, a base station antenna is provided, including an antenna array, a reflecting plate, a plurality of power division networks, and N phase shifters;
the antenna array is arranged on the front surface of the reflecting plate, and the phase shifter is arranged on the back surface of the reflecting plate;
the antenna array comprises N rows of subarrays, wherein the subarrays comprise M radiating elements which are arranged at equal intervals, and the radiating elements are provided with feed balun;
the phase shifter is internally provided with a phase shifting network, the input end of the phase shifting network is connected with the feed port of the base station antenna, the output end of the phase shifting network is electrically connected with the input end of the power dividing network, and the output end of the power dividing network is electrically connected with the input end of the feed balun; the grounding end of the power division network is electrically connected with the grounding end of the feed balun.
In some embodiments, the subarray further comprises a power divider disposed on a front side of the reflector plate, the radiating element is disposed on the reflector plate, and the power divider network is disposed on the power divider.
In some embodiments, the power division network is disposed in the phase shifter and is integrated with the phase shift network, and an input end of the radiation unit is electrically connected with an output end of the phase shifter or is in strong-coupling electromagnetic connection.
In some embodiments, the phase shifter comprises two nested cavities, each corresponding to one polarization, the cavities being closed on one side and open on the other side; the cavity is internally provided with a PCB board, and the phase shifting network is arranged on the PCB board.
In some embodiments, the base station antenna further comprises a decoupling structure disposed on the front side of the reflector plate and between adjacent radiating elements or between adjacent subarrays.
In some embodiments, the decoupling structure is a discrete spacer having a gate, arc, zigzag, or electromagnetic bandgap structure.
In some embodiments, the base station antenna further comprises a radome, a bracket and an end cover, wherein the bracket is arranged on two sides of the reflecting plate, the radome is fixed on the bracket, and the end cover is arranged at two ends of the reflecting plate and is connected with the radome in an adaptive manner.
In some embodiments, the base station antenna further includes a transmission device and a switching structure, one end of the transmission device is disposed on the end cover, the other end of the transmission device is connected with one end of the switching structure, the other end of the switching structure is connected with the N phase shifters, the transmission device is connected with the plurality of phase shifters through the switching structure, and the plurality of phase shifters are dragged to realize radiation angle change.
In some embodiments, the base station antenna further includes a cable assembly connector disposed on the end cover, where the cable assembly connector includes N radio frequency connectors, and N radio frequency connectors are electrically connected to N input ends of the phase shift network in a one-to-one correspondence.
In another aspect, a method for adjusting an index of a base station antenna is provided, which is applied to any one of the base station antennas, and the method includes:
determining an isolation index of a base station antenna;
and adjusting the isolation degree of the base station antenna by adjusting at least one of the size, the gap and the spacing between adjacent radiating units in each subarray of the discrete type isolation plate so as to reach the isolation degree index.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the antenna array, the reflecting plate, the power division network and the phase shifter are subjected to modularized distribution and reasonable arrangement, so that modularization of all parts is realized, assembly procedures are simplified, and use of cables is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a radiating element provided by an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a base station antenna provided by an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling structure provided by an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a decoupling structure provided by another embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling structure provided by another embodiment;
fig. 7 is a rear structure diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a number is not quantitative, and the meaning of a number is two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to exclude the present number, and the meaning of above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that elements are listed and may include other elements not expressly listed.
An object of the present invention is to provide a base station antenna, which solves the shortcomings of the prior art, realizes modularization of each part, simplifies assembly process, and reduces use of cables.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna array 100, a reflection plate 200, a plurality of power division networks 300, and N phase shifters 400;
the antenna array 100 is disposed on the front surface of the reflection plate 200, and the phase shifter 400 is disposed on the back surface of the reflection plate 200;
the antenna array 100 comprises N rows of sub-arrays 110, the sub-arrays 110 comprising M equally spaced radiating elements 111, the radiating elements 111 having feed balun 120;
the phase shifter 400 is provided with a phase shifting network, an input end of the phase shifting network is connected with a feed port of the base station antenna, an output end of the phase shifting network is electrically connected with an input end of the power dividing network 300, and an output end of the power dividing network 300 is electrically connected with an input end of the feed balun 120; the ground terminal of the power distribution network 300 is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the feed balun 120.
Note that, M, N are positive integers, N phase shifters 400 are in one-to-one correspondence with N rows of sub-arrays 110, the number of power dividing networks 300 and radiating units 111 is m×n, and for one phase shifter 400, multiple output ends of the phase shifting network are connected with multiple input ends of the power dividing networks 300 in one-to-one correspondence, and M output ends of the power dividing networks 300 are connected with input ends of M feed balun 120 in the sub-arrays 110 in one-to-one correspondence.
In the embodiment provided by the application, the antenna array 100, the reflecting plate 200, the power division network 300 and the phase shifter 400 are subjected to modularized distribution and reasonable arrangement, so that modularization of all parts is realized, assembly procedures are simplified, and use of cables is reduced.
In some preferred embodiments, the subarray 110 further includes a power divider 112, the power divider 112 is disposed on the front surface of the reflector plate 200, the radiation unit 111 is disposed on the reflector plate 200, and the power divider network 300 is disposed on the power divider 112.
Wherein, the reflecting plate 200 is processed by a printed board PCB or is plated by plastic to realize light weight.
In some preferred embodiments, the power splitting network 300 is disposed in the phase shifter 400 and is integrated with the phase shifting network, and the input end of the radiating element 111 is electrically connected or strongly coupled to the output end of the phase shifter 400.
The power division network 300 can also be integrated and designed into the phase shifter 400, so that the front side of the antenna is simplified; the input end of the radiation unit 111 is directly electrically connected with the output end of the phase shifter 400 or is in strong coupling electromagnetic connection, so that cables and welding spots are reduced, a cable-free design is realized, and intermodulation interference is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, in some preferred embodiments, the phase shifter 400 includes two nested cavities 410, each cavity 410 corresponding to one polarization, and one side of the cavity 410 is closed and the other side is open; the cavity 410 is internally provided with a PCB 420, and the phase shift network is disposed on the PCB 420.
The two cavities 410 are integrally formed, and after the PCB 420 is installed in the cavities 410, the cavities 410 are integrally fixed on the back surface of the reflecting plate 200; the output end of the phase shift network on the PCB 420 passes through the reflecting plate 200 and the power dividing plate 112 in sequence, and is electrically connected with the power dividing network 300 on the power dividing plate 112. The phase shifter 400 is riveted or welded to the reflection plate 200 and is electrically connected by line contact or point contact.
As shown in connection with fig. 1, in some preferred embodiments, the base station antenna further comprises a decoupling structure 500, the decoupling structure 500 being arranged on the front side of the reflector plate 200 and being located between adjacent radiating elements 111 or between adjacent sub-arrays 110.
In some preferred embodiments, and with reference to fig. 4-6, the decoupling structure 500 is a discrete spacer having a grid, arc, zigzag or electromagnetic bandgap structure.
In this embodiment, decoupling structures 500 are disposed between the radiating units 111 or between the sub-arrays 110 for improving isolation; the decoupling structure 500 is installed on the front surface of the reflection plate 200; the decoupling structure 500 is designed as a discrete gate type separator; the loaded discrete grid type isolation plate has induced current distribution, so that partial currents between adjacent column antennas are correspondingly weakened, and isolation is improved. The grid structure is not limited to the rectangular structure of the scheme, and can be designed into arc-shaped, zigzag-shaped and other shapes. The decoupling structure 500 may be designed as an electromagnetic bandgap structure, decoupling being achieved by optimizing the spacing of adjacent radiating elements 111 in the sub-array 110.
Referring to fig. 7, in some preferred embodiments, the base station antenna further includes a radome 610, a bracket 620, and end caps 630, the bracket 620 is disposed at both sides of the reflection plate 200, the radome 610 is fixed on the bracket 620, and the end caps 630 are disposed at both ends of the reflection plate 200 and are adapted to be connected with the radome 610.
In some preferred embodiments, the base station antenna further includes a transmission device 710 and a switching structure 720, one end of the transmission device 710 is disposed on the end cover 630, the other end is connected to one end of the switching structure 720, the other end of the switching structure 720 is connected to N phase shifters 400, the transmission device 710 is connected to the plurality of phase shifters 400 through the switching structure 720, and drags the plurality of phase shifters 400 to implement a radiation angle change.
In this embodiment, the radiation angle is changed by dragging the phase shifter 400 to cover different areas.
In some preferred embodiments, the base station antenna further includes a cable assembly connector 800 disposed on the end cover 630, where the cable assembly connector 800 includes N rf connectors 810, and N rf connectors 810 are electrically connected to N input ends of the phase shifting network in a one-to-one correspondence.
In this embodiment, one end of the PCB 420 located at the input end of the phase shift network extends out of the cavity 410 of the phase shifter 400, so that the input end of the phase shift network is directly and electrically connected to the switching structure 720, for example, by assembling and connecting with a conductive metal terminal, and is connected to the corresponding rf connector 810, so as to realize the input of the overall rf signal in a cable-free manner. The rf connector 810 may be custom integrated with a high performance transmission line.
The base station antenna provided by the invention has excellent performance, adopts the design and the installation mode of the phase shifter 400, the design of the outgoing line direction and the mode of the PCB 420 and the connection mode of the phase shifter 400 and the power division network 300, realizes that no cable is left except the main feed cable of the radio frequency signal input end, and is green and environment-friendly.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for adjusting an index of a base station antenna, the method comprising:
determining an isolation index of a base station antenna;
the isolation of the base station antenna is adjusted by adjusting at least one of the size, the gap and the spacing between adjacent radiating elements 111 in each sub-array 110 of the discrete isolation board to achieve the isolation index.
In addition, the transmission device 710 can be adjusted, and the switching structure 720 drags the phase shifter 400 to change the radiation angle, so as to adjust the coverage area of the base station antenna.
The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention are for more clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of technology and the appearance of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the technical solutions shown in the drawings are not meant to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if any) in the description of the present invention and the above drawings are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
It should be understood that in the present invention, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" for describing the association relationship of the association object, the representation may have three relationships, for example, "a and/or B" may represent: only a, only B and both a and B are present, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b or c may represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and are not thereby limiting the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The base station antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna array, a reflecting plate, a plurality of power division networks and N phase shifters;
the antenna array is arranged on the front surface of the reflecting plate, and the phase shifter is arranged on the back surface of the reflecting plate;
the antenna array comprises N rows of subarrays, wherein the subarrays comprise M radiating elements which are arranged at equal intervals, and the radiating elements are provided with feed balun;
the phase shifter is internally provided with a phase shifting network, the input end of the phase shifting network is connected with the feed port of the base station antenna, the output end of the phase shifting network is electrically connected with the input end of the power dividing network, and the output end of the power dividing network is electrically connected with the input end of the feed balun; the grounding end of the power division network is electrically connected with the grounding end of the feed balun.
2. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the sub-array further comprises a power divider plate disposed on a front side of the reflector plate, the radiating element is disposed on the reflector plate, and the power divider network is disposed on the power divider plate.
3. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the power division network is disposed in the phase shifter and is integrally configured with the phase shift network, and an input end of the radiating element is electrically connected to an output end of the phase shifter or is electromagnetically connected with strong coupling.
4. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the phase shifter comprises two nested cavities, each corresponding to one polarization, the cavities being closed on one side and open on the other side; the cavity is internally provided with a PCB board, and the phase shifting network is arranged on the PCB board.
5. The base station antenna of claim 1, further comprising a decoupling structure disposed on the front side of the reflector plate and between adjacent radiating elements or between adjacent subarrays.
6. The base station antenna of claim 5, wherein the decoupling structure is a discrete spacer having a grid, arc, saw tooth, or electromagnetic bandgap structure.
7. The base station antenna of claim 1, further comprising a radome, a bracket and an end cover, wherein the bracket is arranged on two sides of the reflecting plate, the radome is fixed on the bracket, and the end cover is arranged on two ends of the reflecting plate and is connected with the radome in an adapting way.
8. The base station antenna of claim 7, further comprising a transmission device and a switching structure, wherein one end of the transmission device is disposed on the end cover, the other end of the transmission device is connected to one end of the switching structure, the other end of the switching structure is connected to the N phase shifters, and the transmission device is connected to the plurality of phase shifters through the switching structure, and drags the plurality of phase shifters to change a radiation angle.
9. The base station antenna of claim 7, further comprising a cable assembly connector disposed on the end cover, the cable assembly connector comprising N rf connectors, the N rf connectors being electrically connected to the N inputs of the phase shifting network in a one-to-one correspondence.
10. A method for adjusting an index of a base station antenna, applied to the base station antenna of any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
determining an isolation index of a base station antenna;
and adjusting the isolation degree of the base station antenna by adjusting at least one of the size, the gap and the spacing between adjacent radiating units in each subarray of the discrete type isolation plate so as to reach the isolation degree index.
CN202310704711.6A 2023-06-14 2023-06-14 Base station antenna and index adjusting method thereof Active CN116435759B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103975485A (en) * 2013-12-02 2014-08-06 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 Base station antenna feed network
WO2015078269A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-04 上海贝尔股份有限公司 Antenna for use in wireless communication system and method for securing resonators to reflective plate
CN205509015U (en) * 2016-04-13 2016-08-24 罗森伯格(上海)通信技术有限公司 Remove coupling antenna array between row
WO2019056905A1 (en) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 华为技术有限公司 Feed network of base station antenna, base station antenna and base station
CN111786099A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-16 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 Novel 5G array mechanism, base station antenna and production process
CN217641786U (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-10-21 广东盛路通信有限公司 Cavity phase shifter and base station antenna

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015078269A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-04 上海贝尔股份有限公司 Antenna for use in wireless communication system and method for securing resonators to reflective plate
CN103975485A (en) * 2013-12-02 2014-08-06 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 Base station antenna feed network
CN205509015U (en) * 2016-04-13 2016-08-24 罗森伯格(上海)通信技术有限公司 Remove coupling antenna array between row
WO2019056905A1 (en) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 华为技术有限公司 Feed network of base station antenna, base station antenna and base station
CN111786099A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-16 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 Novel 5G array mechanism, base station antenna and production process
CN217641786U (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-10-21 广东盛路通信有限公司 Cavity phase shifter and base station antenna

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