CN111525243A - Microstrip array antenna - Google Patents
Microstrip array antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111525243A CN111525243A CN202010463231.1A CN202010463231A CN111525243A CN 111525243 A CN111525243 A CN 111525243A CN 202010463231 A CN202010463231 A CN 202010463231A CN 111525243 A CN111525243 A CN 111525243A
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- array antenna
- microstrip array
- comb
- power divider
- power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
Abstract
The application provides a microstrip array antenna, which comprises a dielectric layer; the first metal layer is arranged on one side surface of the dielectric layer; and the second metal layer is arranged on the opposite side surface of the dielectric layer and comprises a first power divider, N second power dividers and N groups of comb antennas. The power distribution ratio of the second power divider and the distance between the comb antennas are adjusted to form different radiation direction modes, so that the problem that the design and development cycle time is long due to the fact that scene application requirements of different radars are met is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of millimeter wave antennas, in particular to a microstrip array antenna.
Background
The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar is mainly divided into the following four categories in terms of antenna selection: electrically scanned arrays, quasi-optical antennas, mechanically scanned antennas, and microstrip array antennas. At present, a main stream 77GHz vehicle-mounted radar product generally adopts a microstrip array antenna, and has the advantages of small volume, low profile, easy integration and suitability for batch production and popularization. The antenna radiation direction of a common microstrip array antenna generally has only one fixed mode.
With the deep development of the field of automatic driving, various complex application scenes are continuously generated, and new requirements are constantly put forward on the detection mode of the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, for example, antennas of different radars have different radiation modes. However, it is difficult for a common microstrip array antenna to form multiple radiation direction modes by changing tiny parameters so as to meet the requirements of different radar scene applications, which results in a long design and development cycle time.
Accordingly, the present application provides a microstrip array antenna to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a microstrip array antenna, which solves the problem that various radiation direction modes cannot be formed by changing micro parameters of the microstrip array antenna.
According to a first aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a microstrip array antenna, including: a dielectric layer; the first metal layer is arranged on one side surface of the dielectric layer; the second metal layer is arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric layer, and comprises a first power divider, N second power dividers and N groups of comb antennas, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1; the microstrip array antenna forms different radiation direction modes by adjusting the power distribution ratio of the second power divider and the space between the comb antennas.
Further, the output port of the first power divider is connected to the input ports of the N second power dividers, respectively.
Further, the first power divider is an equal power divider dividing M, where M is a natural number greater than 1, and M is equal to N.
Furthermore, the output ports of the N second power dividers are respectively connected to N groups of comb antennas, where each group of comb antennas includes two rows of comb linear arrays, the distance between the comb antennas is D, and the distance between the comb linear arrays is D.
Further, the second power divider is an unequal power divider dividing two by two, and the power division ratio of the second power divider is K.
Further, when D is 1.15 λ, D is 0.56 λ, and K is 1.15, the microstrip array antenna is equal-gain multi-directional radiation, where λ is an operating wavelength.
Further, when D is 1.3 λ, D is 0.67 λ, and K is 1.15, the microstrip array antenna is uni-directional radiation, where λ is the operating wavelength.
Further, when D is λ, D is 0.46 λ, and K is 1.55, the microstrip array antenna is large-angle multi-directional radiation, where λ is an operating wavelength.
Further, when D is 1.66 lambda, D is 0.5 lambda, and K is 1.32, the microstrip array antenna is small-angle multi-directional radiation, wherein lambda is the working wavelength.
Furthermore, the comb-shaped linear array comprises a plurality of patch units and a feeder line, wherein the patch units are alternately distributed on two sides of the feeder line and are connected with the feeder line to form a comb shape; the patch unit is a rectangular patch, and the length of the patch unit is half of the wavelength of the dielectric layer.
The embodiment of the application provides a microstrip array antenna, which forms different radiation direction modes by adjusting the power distribution ratio of a second power divider and the distance between comb antennas, thereby avoiding the problem of long design and development cycle time caused by meeting the scene application requirements of different radars.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantages of the present application will become apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural process diagram of the second metal layer shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of simulation of equal-gain multi-directional radiation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the unidirectional radiation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic simulation diagram of large-angle multi-directional radiation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of small-angle multi-directional radiation provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the objects so described are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
In particular embodiments, the drawings discussed below and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure are by way of illustration only and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present application may be implemented in any suitably arranged system. Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Further, a mobile terminal according to an exemplary embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
The terminology used in the detailed description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the concepts of the present application. Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, expressions used in the singular form encompass expressions in the plural form. In the present specification, it will be understood that terms such as "including," "having," and "containing" are intended to specify the presence of the features, integers, steps, acts, or combinations thereof disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, acts, or combinations thereof. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Moreover, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a microstrip array antenna, which includes a first metal layer 10, a second metal layer 20, and a dielectric layer 30.
The first metal layer 10 is provided on one side surface of the dielectric layer 30 by etching.
The second metal layer 20 is provided on the opposite side surface of the dielectric layer 30 by etching.
Referring to fig. 2, the second metal layer 20 includes a first power divider 21, a second power divider 22 and a comb antenna 23.
The first power divider 21 is an equal power divider dividing M, where M is a natural number greater than 1, and M is equal to N. The first power divider 21 is determined by overall index requirements (such as size, maximum detection distance, and field angle) of different radars. In the embodiment of the present application, M is 3, that is, the first power divider 21 is preferably an equal power divider dividing three by three. That is, the first power divider 21 includes one input terminal and three output terminals. Further, an output port of the first power divider 21 is connected to an input port of the second power divider 22.
The second power divider 22 is an one-to-two unequal power divider, the power division ratio of the second power divider 22 is K, and different impedances are loaded by impedance converters at output ports of the second power divider 22 to achieve different power division ratios. The output ports of the second power divider 22 are respectively connected to the comb antennas 23, where each group of comb antennas 23 includes two rows of comb linear arrays 230, the distance between the comb antennas is D, and the distance between the comb linear arrays 230 is D. The distances D and D can be finely adjusted, and different radiation direction modes are realized by matching with the fine adjustment of the power distribution ratio K.
The comb-shaped linear array 230 includes a plurality of patch units 231 and a feeder 232, wherein the patch units 231 are alternately distributed on two sides of the feeder 232 and connected with the feeder 232 to form a comb shape.
In the embodiment of the present application, each comb-shaped linear array includes 10 patch units 231 with length and width compensated, which are alternately distributed on the left and right sides of the feed line 232 to form a bilateral comb-shaped structure. Since the two adjacent patch elements 231 are disposed on the left and right sides of the feed line 232, the total length of the feed line 232 can be reduced, the overall size of the array antenna can be reduced, and miniaturization can be achieved.
The length of the patch unit 231 is half of the wavelength of the dielectric layer. The width of the patch unit 231 may be designed with the same width according to the requirement of the radar system on the antenna side lobe, or may be designed with different widths according to the amplitude weighting principle, so as to reduce the antenna side lobe. For example, when designing for different widths, the width of the patch unit 231 may be preferably set using the taylor distribution principle.
The patch unit 231 is a rectangular patch, is simple to process, adopts a comb-shaped linear array, can reduce parasitic radiation caused by the bending corners of the feeder line, can better control side lobe levels, occupies a small space, and has the advantage of compact structure.
Referring to fig. 3, when D is 1.15 λ, D is 0.56 λ, and K is 1.15, the microstrip array antenna is equal-gain multi-directional radiation, where λ is an operating wavelength.
Referring to fig. 4, when D is 1.3 λ, D is 0.67 λ, and K is 1.15, the microstrip array antenna is configured to radiate unidirectionally, where λ is an operating wavelength.
Referring to fig. 5, when D is λ, D is 0.46 λ, and K is 1.55, the microstrip array antenna is large angle multi-directional radiation, where λ is the operating wavelength.
Referring to fig. 6, when D is 1.66 λ, D is 0.5 λ, and K is 1.32, the microstrip array antenna is small-angle multi-directional radiation, where λ is the operating wavelength.
The embodiment of the application provides a microstrip array antenna, which forms different radiation direction modes by adjusting the power distribution ratio of a second power divider and the space between comb antennas, thereby avoiding the problem of long design and development cycle time caused by meeting the scene application requirements of different radars.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The microstrip array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above, and a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the implementation of the present application, and the description of the embodiment is only used to help understanding the technical solution and the core idea of the present application; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A microstrip array antenna comprising:
a dielectric layer;
the first metal layer is arranged on one side surface of the dielectric layer; and
the second metal layer is arranged on the opposite side surface of the dielectric layer and comprises a first power divider, N second power dividers and N groups of comb antennas, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1;
the microstrip array antenna forms different radiation direction modes by adjusting the power distribution ratio of the second power divider and the space between the comb antennas.
2. The microstrip array antenna of claim 1 wherein the output ports of the first power divider are connected to the input ports of N of the second power dividers, respectively.
3. The microstrip array antenna of claim 2 wherein the first power divider is an M-divided equal power divider, where M is a natural number greater than 1 and M-N.
4. The microstrip array antenna according to claim 1, wherein N output ports of the second power divider are respectively connected to N groups of the comb antennas, wherein each group of the comb antennas includes two rows of comb linear arrays, the distance between the comb antennas is D, and the distance between the comb linear arrays is D.
5. The microstrip array antenna of claim 4, wherein the second power divider is an one-to-two unequal power divider, and the power division ratio of the second power divider is K.
6. The microstrip array antenna of claim 5 wherein the microstrip array antenna is equal gain multi-directional radiation when D is 1.15 λ, D is 0.56 λ and K is 1.15, where λ is the operating wavelength.
7. The microstrip array antenna of claim 5 wherein the microstrip array antenna is uni-directional radiating when D is 1.3 λ, D is 0.67 λ and K is 1.15, where λ is the operating wavelength.
8. The microstrip array antenna of claim 5 wherein the microstrip array antenna is high angle multi-directional radiation when D is λ, D is 0.46 λ, and K is 1.55, where λ is the operating wavelength.
9. The microstrip array antenna of claim 5 wherein the microstrip array antenna is small angle multi-directional radiating when D is 1.66 λ, D is 0.5 λ and K is 1.32, where λ is the operating wavelength.
10. The microstrip array antenna according to claim 4, wherein the comb array comprises a plurality of patch elements and a feed line, the patch elements are alternately distributed on both sides of the feed line and connected with the feed line to form a comb; the patch unit is a rectangular patch, and the length of the patch unit is half of the wavelength of the dielectric layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010463231.1A CN111525243A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Microstrip array antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010463231.1A CN111525243A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Microstrip array antenna |
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| CN111525243A true CN111525243A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112510358A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 大连理工大学 | Compact type crossed comb antenna and automobile radar |
| CN114336003A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and preparation method thereof, millimeter wave sensor and terminal |
| CN114597659A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-07 | 福瑞泰克智能系统有限公司 | Microstrip antenna and sensing equipment |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |