CN116432948A - Urban rain source type river system step-by-step treatment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stepwise treatment method of an urban rain source type river system, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprises the following steps: constructing a river basin space database, dividing the river basin range, analyzing the space distribution of pollution sources, and arranging a water purification plant on the basis, so that the nearby treatment of sewage and the nearby recycling of water resources are realized; survey of mixed contact points of a river basin surface source and a pipe network, and establishing the space distribution of pollution load intensity in a rainfall period area, so as to realize accurate regulation and storage treatment of the surface source and the combined overflow sewage; the river basin hydrodynamic water quality model is constructed, the functional response relation between different treatment measures and the river water body is simulated, the treatment engineering priority assessment model is constructed based on the water quality improvement, ecological functions, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission reduction and environment economic benefit ratio comprehensive targets, the distribution implementation is guided, and decision support is provided for improving the water environment treatment efficiency. The method of the invention realizes the purposes of accurate and efficient urban river treatment, stable water quality improvement and gradual recovery of water ecological functions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a step-by-step treatment method of an urban rain source type river system.
Background
In recent years, with the acceleration of the urban process, the problem of urban water environment is increasingly prominent. Especially, the urban rain source type river is in a cut-off state and a black and odorous state due to the lack of ecological base flow and the aggravation of river entering pollution, so that the urban ecological environment is seriously influenced, and the urban rain source type river becomes an important point for environmental protection and treatment.
For urban inland river treatment, the existing method mostly aims at reaching the standard of the national river control section, stands at the thinking of downstream site selection of the river basin of the traditional sewage plant, adopts the modes of centralized collection and treatment of the sewage downstream, dilution of externally regulated clean water sources and the like, and lacks the river basin treatment space balance and water resource recycling treatment concept aiming at the characteristics of the urban inland river, so that the system layout is unreasonable, and the urban river treatment is inherently insufficient. Meanwhile, most river management, although adopting a plurality of management engineering measures from the aspects of point source, surface source and endogenous source, each management engineering is generally implemented only based on pollutant emission reduction, and the lack of comprehensive evaluation of overall improvement of water environment in a river basin, environment economic benefit ratio and the like among different management engineering, and the lack of priority ordering of management engineering, result in the problems of slow effect, low management efficiency, even repeated investment and the like in many urban inland river management, which are difficult to recover after billions of and even billions of engineering are put into. Therefore, the accurate, efficient and reasonable river basin water environment system treatment method is a problem to be solved in the current urban water environment treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a stepwise treatment method of an urban rain source type river system, which takes 'ecological priority, space balance, system treatment and water resource recycling' as a core concept, and aims at the characteristics of lack of ecological base flow, interception and outage, no interception and pollution of the urban rain source type river, and provides a multi-target synergistic aim of 'river basin space analysis, pollution source characteristic investigation, water quality purification plant layout, hydrodynamic water quality simulation, treatment engineering priority assessment, stepwise implementation of effect prediction', and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a step-by-step treatment method of a city rain source type river system comprises the following steps:
s1, river basin space analysis is carried out, a river basin range is divided, and a pollution source space distribution database in the river basin range is constructed;
s2, newly-built layout of the water quality purification plant is combined with pollution point source distribution and sewage pipe network characteristics to perform site selection of the water quality purification plant, so that the conveying pressure of the sewage pipe network is reduced, the nearby treatment of sewage is realized, and the nearby recycling of water resources is realized;
s3, investigation of river basin non-point sources and pipe network mixed contact points, establishment of river basin range non-point source pollution load intensity spatial distribution and combined overflow pollution intensity spatial distribution in a rainfall period, and guidance of closure regulation engineering layout and rainwater and sewage diversion treatment engineering measures;
s4, constructing a river basin hydrodynamic water quality model, and simulating water quality responses of the corresponding river all-river-segment after different engineering measures are implemented;
s5, constructing a treatment engineering priority evaluation model, integrating water quality improvement, ecological base flow function, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission and environmental economic benefit ratio multi-objective coordination, evaluating comprehensive benefits of engineering implementation, and determining distribution implementation priority;
s6, performing distributed implementation, and performing effect evaluation verification.
Step S1, dividing a river basin range by adopting Arcgis software and combining DEM influence, and inputting human activity point position big data of residential areas, commercial areas, industrial areas and the like in the river basin range to form pollution source space distribution and land elevation distribution map in the river basin range;
step S2, based on pollution source big data distribution and sewage pipe network arrangement characteristics, arranging a newly built water purification plant by taking the principle of nearby sewage collection and sewage pipe network conveying pressure reduction and combining with river ecological base flow requirements;
s3, establishing the space distribution of the surface source pollution load intensity in the rainfall basin range through monitoring the surface runoff water quality of different land types; establishing the spatial distribution of the intensity of the combined overflow pollution load in the river basin range in the rainfall period through investigation of the rain sewage mixing point and the mixing ratio;
s4, comprehensively using EFDC software to construct a watershed hydrodynamic water quality model; and constructing a river basin range internal source model by using Inforworks software, taking a model result as an input condition of a river basin hydrodynamic water quality model, and simulating the water quality and ecological base stream change conditions of the corresponding river all-river-section after different treatment measures are implemented.
Step S5, in the treatment engineering priority evaluation model,
the comprehensive water quality improvement effect is evaluated by adopting a multi-section comprehensive pollution index evaluation model, namely:
the ecological base flow function improvement effect is evaluated by adopting an ecological base flow function index evaluation model, namely:
wherein Q is j Supplementing water quantity for the jth section of river, m 3 /h；Q Base j The j-th section of the river corresponds to the ecological base flow demand;
the pollutant emission reduction benefit is evaluated by adopting a pollutant emission reduction benefit evaluation model, namely:
wherein M is i Annual emission reduction for the ith pollutant, t/a; m is M i Total T/a is the amount of production in the ith pollutant in the range of the river basin;
the carbon emission evaluation index is evaluated by adopting a carbon emission evaluation index model, namely:
wherein is q Are all To manage the engineering corresponding to the average carbon emission intensity, tCO 2 eq/a; q is the carbon emission intensity tCO of each treatment project 2 eq/a；
The environmental economic benefit ratio index is evaluated by adopting an environmental economic benefit ratio index model, namely:
wherein F is the cost of corresponding cost of treatment engineering and hundred million yuan.
Comprehensive water quality improvement, ecological base flow function, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission and environmental economic benefit ratio index are synthesized, an entropy method is adopted to carry out comprehensive benefit evaluation of treatment engineering, and implementation priority is determined.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a water quality purification plant system layout method aiming at improving the water body function of an urban inland river based on river basin pollution source analysis and spatial distribution, breaks through the traditional site selection concept of a sewage plant, reduces the conveying pressure of a sewage pipe network, improves the storage space of the pipe network, rapidly improves the water quality of the whole river basin of the inland river, and increases the ecological base flow of the river. On the basis, a system treatment project priority evaluation model is constructed based on multi-objective coordination of river comprehensive water quality improvement, ecological base flow function, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission and environmental economic benefit ratio, the implementation benefit of each engineering measure is comprehensively evaluated, the implementation priority of each project is determined, the urban water environment treatment efficiency is improved, and the purposes of accurate and efficient urban river treatment, stable water quality improvement and gradual recovery of the water ecological function are achieved.
Drawings
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a step-by-step treatment method of a city rain source type river system in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a domain-wide view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a watershed-wide topography of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a spatial distribution diagram of a river basin pollution source in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a water plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a spatial distribution of source pollution load intensity in the basin range in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a spatial distribution of rain and sewage miscibility of a drainage basin-wide pipe network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a governance engineering measure layout in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of EFDC modeling of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a diagram showing the practical effect of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further description of the features of the present invention, refer to the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for reference and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Firstly, it should be noted that the treatment application case in this embodiment is a river in a certain city in Yangtze river basin, which belongs to a city inland river of rain source type, and has the characteristics of no clean water source at the upstream and serious water pollution. The main water quality assessment index of the river is Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) cr ) Ammonia nitrogen,Total Phosphorus (TP).
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a step-by-step treatment method for an urban rain source type river system, which comprises the following steps S1 to S6:
s1, carrying out river basin space division on a river to be treated by using Arcgis software, and determining a river basin range, wherein the view is shown in FIG. 2; the elevation of the river basin-wide terrain is determined by using a spatial remote sensing DEM map, see FIG. 3. Constructing a pollution source space distribution diagram in the river basin range based on big data statistics of residents, businesses, industry and the like, as shown in fig. 4;
s2, the spatial distribution of the pollution sources in the river basin range of the figure 4 can be found that the heavy point pollution sources are positioned in the upstream area of the river, and a water quality purifying plant exists at the downstream of the river basin. In the range of the river basin, a large amount of sewage generated by the middle and upstream is required to be remotely conveyed to a downstream water purification plant through a sewage pipe network, and the problems that the pressure of the middle and downstream sewage pipe network is high, the pipe network is frequently damaged and the sewage is directly discharged into the river are also caused. Based on the space distribution characteristics of pollution sources and taking water resource recycling as an idea, it is determined that a water purification plant is newly built at an upstream position, tail water after sewage treatment is collected by the water purification plant nearby and then is supplied to the upstream position, a clean water source is provided for a river, meanwhile, the pressure of a sewage pipe network at the middle and downstream positions is reduced, and the layout of the newly built water purification plant is shown in fig. 5.
S3, dividing land types in the river basin range according to the types of hardened pavements, public greenbelts, industrial parks, residential areas and the like, monitoring surface runoff pollution of different land types in a rainfall period, and determining the surface source pollution load intensity spatial distribution of the river basin range in the rainfall period, wherein FIG. 6 is the condition of ammonia nitrogen load generation per unit area of surface runoff year in each region in the river basin range obtained through the method. And (3) carrying out investigation on the rain sewage mixed contact point and the mixed contact degree of the pipe network in the river basin range, and establishing a pipe network mixed contact degree distribution diagram in the river basin range according to the investigation result of the actual rain sewage mixed contact ratio, as shown in fig. 7. On the basis, a treatment engineering measure layout is formed, see fig. 8, and the specific engineering comprises: (1) newly-built upstream water purification plants to collect sewage on site, and after treatment, the tail water is supplied with upstream ecological base flow; (2) constructing a regulation project in a high-load area with non-point source pollution, and reducing the non-point source pollution; (3) the rain and sewage diversion transformation is implemented in the upstream rain and sewage mixed-connection serious area, so that the combined overflow pollution is reduced; (4) and the downstream water purification plant is used for upgrading and constructing the downstream ecological wetland, so that the river water quality is further improved.
S4, constructing the watershed hydrodynamic water quality model by using the EFDC model, and referring to FIG. 9. And the reduction effect of pollutants after different treatment measures are implemented is respectively simulated, and the reduction effect corresponds to the water quality change of the whole river and the influence on ecological base flow.
S5, constructing a treatment engineering priority evaluation model, integrating water quality improvement, ecological base flow function, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission and environmental economic benefit ratio multi-objective coordination, evaluating the comprehensive benefit of each engineering implementation, and determining the implementation priority;
the comprehensive water quality improvement effect is evaluated by adopting a multi-section comprehensive pollution index evaluation model, namely:
the ecological base flow function improvement effect is evaluated by adopting an ecological base flow function index evaluation model, namely:
wherein Q is j Supplementing water quantity for the jth section of river, m 3 /h；Q Base j The j-th section of the river corresponds to the ecological base flow demand;
the pollutant emission reduction benefit is evaluated by adopting a pollutant emission reduction benefit evaluation model, namely:
wherein M is i Annual emission reduction for the ith pollutant, t/a; m is M i Total T/a is the amount of production in the ith pollutant in the range of the river basin;
the carbon emission evaluation index is evaluated by adopting a carbon emission evaluation index model, namely:
wherein is q Are all To manage the engineering corresponding to the average carbon emission intensity, tCO 2 eq/a; q is the carbon emission intensity tCO of each treatment project 2 eq/a；
The environmental economic benefit ratio index is evaluated by adopting an environmental economic benefit ratio index model, namely:
wherein F is the cost of corresponding cost of treatment engineering and hundred million yuan.
Comprehensive water quality improvement, ecological base flow function, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission and environmental economic benefit ratio index, and adopting an entropy method to carry out comprehensive benefit evaluation of engineering measures and determine implementation priority.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the simulation result in step S4 is brought into the S5 evaluation model, so as to obtain the indicators such as comprehensive water quality improvement, ecological base flow function, pollutant emission reduction, carbon emission, environmental economic benefit ratio, etc. after each project is implemented, and comprehensive benefit evaluation is performed, and implementation priorities of different projects are determined according to the comprehensive evaluation result, so that the efficiency of urban inland river management is improved.
S6, predicting the effect of the distribution implementation each stage to guide the system to treat the decision.
Specifically, in this embodiment, step S5 in the step-by-step treatment method of the urban rain source type river system is described by simulating different treatment engineering effects, evaluating comprehensive benefits, implementing priority ranking and implementing actual effects:
1) The river basin treatment is about to implement engineering measures and the numbers are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Four evaluation sections are arranged along the upper, middle and lower streams of the river basin, and the overall functional target of the river meets the IV water in the quality standard of the surface water environment.
2) After different treatment projects are implemented through simulation, the annual average water quality change condition of each section is obtained;
COD cr the results are shown in Table 2:
table 2 (mg/l)
The ammonia nitrogen result data are shown in table 3:
table 3 (mg/l)
TP result data are shown in table 4:
table 4 (mg/l)
The section water quality simulation result is brought into a multi-section comprehensive pollution index evaluation model in S5
The comprehensive improvement effect of the river section water quality corresponding to different engineering implementations is obtained as shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
| B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |
| A 1 | 0.076 | 0.030 | 0.042 | 0.034 | 0.026 |
3) After different treatment projects are implemented through simulation, the ecological base flow change conditions of all sections are shown in Table 6;
table 6 (m) 3 /h)
| |
|
Section 3 | Section 4 | |
| B 1 | 4160 | 4160 | 4160 | 12000 |
| B 2 | 200 | 350 | 900 | 8000 |
| B 3 | 600 | 1800 | 1800 | 8800 |
| B 4 | 200 | 280 | 570 | 8000 |
| B 5 | 200 | 250 | 900 | 8000 |
| Ecological base stream demand | 2500 | 3700 | 3900 | 7600 |
The simulation result is brought into an S5 ecological base flow function index evaluation model
The improvement effect of the ecological base flow of the river section corresponding to different engineering measures is obtained, as shown in table 7:
TABLE 7
| B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |
| A 2 | 5.43 | 1.46 | 2.35 | 1.35 | 1.43 |
4) The conditions of correspondingly increasing pollutant reduction amount of different treatment projects are obtained through simulation, and are shown in Table 8;
table 8 (t/a)
The simulation result is brought into an S5 pollutant emission reduction benefit evaluation model
Obtaining different engineeringThe process measures correspond to pollutant emission reduction benefits as shown in table 9:
TABLE 9
| B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |
| A 3 | 1.43 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.03 |
Bringing the simulation result into an environmental economic benefit ratio evaluation model in S5
The corresponding environmental economic benefit ratios of different engineering implementations are obtained as shown in table 10:
table 10
Different treatment projects correspond to carbon emission evaluation indexes. As in table 11:
TABLE 11
5) According to the water quality improvement, the ecological base flow function, the pollutant emission reduction, the carbon emission and the environmental economic benefit ratio index result, adopting an entropy method to carry out comprehensive benefit evaluation of each treatment project, namely carrying out data standardization treatment, solving each index entropy value, calculating each index weight and each index comprehensive score, determining the implementation priority according to each index score, wherein each index weight is shown in table 12, and each implementation project comprehensive score is shown in table 13:
table 12
| A 1 | A 2 | A 3 | A 4 | A 5 | |
| Weight ratio | 0.1954 | 0.2343 | 0.2236 | 0.1736 | 0.1730 |
TABLE 13
| B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |
| Comprehensive scoring | 1.8264 | 1.0856 | 1.2372 | 1.2948 | 1.1095 |
Through comprehensive evaluation, determining that the treatment measure priority is ordered as follows:
the new water purification plant on the upstream is provided with a pipe network rain and sewage diversion, a non-point source regulation project, a side ecological wetland and the original water purification plant on the downstream.
6) Implementation results
After the treatment measures are implemented step by step, the river basin water quality is changed from inferior V type to III type, and the river basin water quality is changed into the river with the largest improvement amplitude and the most remarkable effect, as shown in figure 10. Especially after the upstream newly-built sewage plant is built and operated, the water quality of the river basin is greatly improved, compared with the same type of river basin, the treatment period is short, and the unit river basin area of the treatment cost is reduced by more than 15%.
The method provided by the embodiment breaks through the traditional site selection concept of the sewage plant, provides a water purification plant system layout method based on the river basin pollution source space distribution and water resource recycling, builds a system treatment project priority evaluation model, determines the project implementation priority, can quickly improve the water quality of the inland river, restore the ecological function of the river, and simultaneously improves the environmental and economic benefit cost performance of treatment measures, avoids blind investment and ineffective investment of the river basin treatment, and realizes low-cost accurate pollution control.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A step-by-step treatment method of a city rain source type river system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, river basin space analysis is carried out, a river basin range is divided, and a pollution source space distribution map and a land elevation distribution map in the river basin range are constructed;
s2, combining the pollution point source distribution characteristics and the sewage pipe network characteristics in the pollution source space distribution diagram, performing site selection of a water quality purification plant and newly building the water quality purification plant so as to reduce the conveying pressure of the sewage pipe network, and realizing the nearby treatment of sewage and the nearby recycling of water resources;
s3, investigation of river basin surface sources and pipe network mixed contact points, and establishment of spatial distribution of source pollution load intensity and spatial distribution of pipe network rain sewage mixed connection degree in a rainfall period river basin range, and guidance of intercepting and regulating engineering layout and rain sewage diversion treatment engineering measures;
s4, constructing a river basin hydrodynamic water quality model, and simulating water quality responses of the corresponding river all-river-segment after different engineering measures are implemented;
s5, constructing a treatment engineering priority evaluation model, integrating the water quality improvement effect, the ecological base flow improvement effect, the pollutant emission reduction benefit, the carbon emission evaluation index and the environmental economic benefit ratio index result, evaluating the comprehensive benefit of implementation of each engineering measure, and determining the distribution implementation priority;
s6, carrying out each engineering measure in a distributed mode, and evaluating and verifying effects.
2. The method for stepwise harnessing a city rain source type river system according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of step S1 is as follows: the Arcgis software is combined with the DEM influence to divide the river basin range, the big data of human activity points are input in the river basin range, and a pollution source space distribution map and a land elevation distribution map in the river basin range are constructed.
3. The municipal rain source type river system step-wise treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the human activity point big data comprises residential areas, commercial areas, industrial areas.
4. The method for stepwise treatment of urban rain source type river system according to claim 1, wherein the newly built water purification plant in step S2 is combined with the ecological base flow requirement of the river.
5. The stepwise governance method of urban rain source type river system according to claim 1, wherein the method for establishing the spatial distribution of the source pollution load intensity in the river basin range in the rain fall period in the step S3 is as follows: dividing land types in the drainage basin range, monitoring surface runoff pollution of different land types in the rainfall period, and establishing the source pollution load intensity spatial distribution in the drainage basin range in the rainfall period; the method for establishing the spatial distribution of the rain sewage mixed connection degree of the pipe network in the drainage basin range comprises the following steps: and (3) investigation of the mixing contact point and the mixing degree of the pipe network rain sewage is carried out within the range of the river basin, and the distribution of the mixing degree of the pipe network rain sewage within the range of the river basin is established according to the investigation result of the actual mixing ratio of the rain sewage.
6. The step-by-step treatment method for urban rain source type river system according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of step S4 is as follows: comprehensively using EFDC software to construct a watershed hydrodynamic water quality model; and constructing a river basin range internal source model by using Inforworks software, taking a model result as an input condition of a river basin hydrodynamic water quality model, and simulating the water quality and ecological base stream change conditions of the corresponding river all-river-section after different engineering measures are implemented.
7. The method for stepwise harnessing a municipal rain source type river system according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the harnessing engineering priority assessment model,
the comprehensive water quality improvement effect is evaluated by adopting a multi-section comprehensive pollution index evaluation model shown in the formula (I):
wherein C is ij The concentration of the ith pollutant in the jth section is mg/l; c label i The ith pollutant limit value is corresponding to the river function target;
the ecological base flow improvement effect is evaluated by adopting an ecological base flow function index evaluation model in the following formula (II):
wherein Q is j Supplementing water quantity for the jth section of river, m 3 /h；Q Base j The j-th section of the river corresponds to the ecological base flow demand;
the pollutant emission reduction benefit is evaluated by adopting a pollutant emission reduction benefit evaluation model shown in the formula (III):
wherein M is i Annual emission reduction for the ith pollutant, t/a; m is M i Total T/a is the amount of production in the ith pollutant in the range of the river basin;
the carbon emission evaluation index is evaluated using a carbon emission evaluation index model as in formula (IV):
wherein q Are all To manage the engineering corresponding to the average carbon emission intensity, tCO 2 eq/a; q is the carbon emission intensity tCO of each treatment project 2 eq/a；
The environmental economic benefit ratio index is evaluated by adopting an environmental economic benefit ratio index model in the following formula (V):
wherein F is the cost of corresponding cost of treatment engineering and hundred million yuan.
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| CN113065689A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Multi-habitat urban ecological water system construction system and method |
| CN116757897A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-15 | 中国环境监测总站 | Flood season pollution intensity analysis method and system based on data decomposition |
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