CN116424382A - Rail guard with passive safety protection function after derailment of train - Google Patents
Rail guard with passive safety protection function after derailment of train Download PDFInfo
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- CN116424382A CN116424382A CN202310528117.6A CN202310528117A CN116424382A CN 116424382 A CN116424382 A CN 116424382A CN 202310528117 A CN202310528117 A CN 202310528117A CN 116424382 A CN116424382 A CN 116424382A
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F19/00—Wheel guards; Bumpers; Obstruction removers or the like
- B61F19/06—Nets, catchers, or the like for catching obstacles or removing them from the track
- B61F19/08—Nets, catchers, or the like for catching obstacles or removing them from the track of the drop-down type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F9/00—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a barrier remover with a passive safety protection function after derailment of a train, which comprises an inverted cross limiting module, an arc-shaped telescopic guiding module, a barrier removing and guiding main board, barrier removing and guiding side boards and a buffering and energy absorbing component; the inverted cross limiting module is fixedly connected with the bottom of the buffering energy-absorbing component through a fan-shaped mounting base and consists of a round steel lifting lug, a triangular connecting rod, a straight shank connecting rod, a primary contraction cylinder, a primary expansion rod, a connecting rib plate, a linear steel spring, a secondary contraction cylinder and an inverted cross limiter; the arc-shaped telescopic guide module is arranged at the end part of the buffering energy-absorbing component, is connected with the vehicle body through an installation connecting rod, can be divided into two parts which are bilaterally symmetrical and are connected through a transverse circular post rod, and each part consists of the same connecting plate, a primary arc-shaped guide plate, a secondary arc-shaped guide plate, a guide plate box and an internal actuating device. The invention makes up the defect that the current train obstacle deflector only has the obstacle deflector function, and has the multiple control functions of limiting, guiding and energy absorption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of train barrier devices, and particularly relates to a barrier device with a passive safety protection function after a train derails.
Background
In order to discharge foreign matters invading the track, the safe running of the train is ensured, and a barrier is arranged at the bottom of the head and the tail of the train. The functional design of the current train barrier is mainly focused on two aspects of collision energy absorption and structure light weight, and the purpose of smoothly discharging the barrier out of the track is achieved by realizing effective energy absorption in the collision process with the barrier through a special energy absorption component, or the light weight of the barrier is improved by changing materials with smaller density and higher strength. Both types of barrier devices do not have the passive safety protection function after the train derails.
Is limited by the conventional wheeltrack relationship, and the safety performance of the train can be degraded along with the service duration.
Two possibilities exist after the train derails, one is that the train is still kept in the line after derailing, and the train does not collide with buildings or mountain bodies around the line, and the derailing of the accident train is not derailed, so that the influence on the life safety of drivers and passengers is relatively limited. The other is that the train directly rushes out of the line after derailment, falls off the bridge or collides with mountain bodies around the line, and the accident of derailment of the train often causes huge personnel life and property loss. The running posture of the head car after the derailment of the train is an important factor influencing the running of the whole train, the running control mode of the train after the derailment is three of limiting, guiding and energy absorbing, and the research on the barrier stopper with the passive safety protection function after the derailment of the train is significant from the angle of limiting and guiding the running control mechanism of the head car.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the current train barrier remover only has the barrier removing function, the invention provides the barrier remover with the passive safety protection function after the train derails.
The invention relates to a barrier remover with a passive safety protection function after derailment of a train, which comprises an inverted cross limiting module, an arc-shaped telescopic guiding module, a barrier removing and guiding main board, barrier removing and guiding side boards and a buffering and energy absorbing component. The buffering energy-absorbing component is welded and fixed with the obstacle-removing and flow-guiding main board and the obstacle-removing and flow-guiding side board through reinforcing ribs.
The inverted cross limiting module structure is as follows: the fan-shaped installation base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffering energy-absorbing component, the triangular connecting rod is installed on the fan-shaped installation base through two round steel lifting lugs, and the straight shank connecting rod is connected with the triangular connecting rod through a rolling round shaft. The secondary telescopic rod is fixed on the fan-shaped mounting base and used for adjusting the stroke of the secondary telescopic rod, and the end part of the straight shank connecting rod is mounted on the secondary telescopic rod through the annular lifting lug; the end part of the second-stage telescopic rod is provided with a first-stage telescopic rod and a first-stage telescopic rod which are matched, the first-stage telescopic rod and the linear steel spring are nested inside and outside, and the inverted cross limiter is fixedly connected with the second-stage telescopic rod through a hexagon bolt.
The arc-shaped telescopic guiding module structure is as follows: the guide plate box is fixedly connected with the end part of the buffering energy-absorbing component through a connecting plate by using a hexagon bolt, the guide plate box is connected with the primary arc-shaped guide plate through an internal chute, and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate is connected with the primary arc-shaped guide plate in a nested manner; the guide plate boxes are connected with the vehicle body through the mounting connecting rods, and the two guide plate boxes are connected through the cylindrical connecting rods.
Further, the first-stage telescopic rod and the second-stage telescopic rod are hollow round tubes, and are made of high-strength structural steel.
Further, the inverted cross limiter can be detached and replaced.
Further, the linear steel spring is compressed and stretched along with the stroke change of the secondary telescopic rod, and the distance between the inverted cross limiter and the rail surface is adjusted cooperatively.
Further, the first-stage arc-shaped guide plate and the second-stage arc-shaped guide plate are hollow structures and are made of high-strength aluminum alloy.
Further, the width of the primary arc-shaped guide plate is 1.5 times that of the secondary arc-shaped guide plate, and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate can be contracted in the primary arc-shaped guide plate.
Further, the first-stage arc-shaped guide plate and the second-stage arc-shaped guide plate are connected through a vertical chute, and the travel in the chute can be adjusted and set in a grading manner.
The method for limiting and guiding the derailled train by using the barrier remover with the passive safety protection function after derailing the train comprises the following steps:
when the train is in a normal running state, the first-stage telescopic rod and the second-stage telescopic rod in the inverted cross limiting module are in a contracted state, the triangular connecting rod is in contact with the arc-shaped mounting base, the upper end of the straight handle connecting rod is in contact with the second-stage telescopic rod, the inverted cross limiter is located at a low stroke position, the bottom of the inverted cross limiter is located at a position above the bottom of the obstacle-removing and flow-guiding main board, and normal and safe running of the train is not influenced. Meanwhile, a primary arc-shaped guide plate and a secondary arc-shaped guide plate in the arc-shaped telescopic guide module are positioned in the guide plate box, and the bottom of the secondary arc-shaped guide plate is positioned above the bottom of the barrier-removing and flow-guiding side plate, so that the safety of a train passing through a turnout and a crossing is ensured.
When receiving the signal that the train takes place the derailment, the high-pressure gas is rushed in the second grade telescopic link of connecting the train tuber pipe in the twinkling of an eye, promotes second grade telescopic link downstream, and linear steel spring pops out simultaneously and drives one-level telescopic link motion, under self gravity and one-level telescopic link and second grade telescopic link effect, falls the cross stopper and is in high stroke position, and its both ends extension position is located the rail surface below the position. Meanwhile, a primary arc guide plate and a secondary arc guide plate in the arc telescopic guide module move downwards along the sliding groove under the action of self gravity and a compression spring in the guide plate box, and the primary arc guide plate is also positioned below the rail surface. When the derailment speed of the train is smaller, the arc-shaped guide plate and the steel rail are in contact collision in the transverse movement process after the derailment of the wheel set, and the contact part moves along the arc surface of the arc-shaped guide plate, so that the guiding effect in the running process of the train is realized. When the derailment speed of the train is high, the arc-shaped guide plate is broken in the collision process of the arc-shaped guide plate and the rail, the inverted cross limiter is contacted with the rail web of the steel rail in the transverse movement process of the train, the two extending parts of the inverted cross limiter are hooked with the rail head of the steel rail to limit the further transverse displacement of the train, and meanwhile the side turning of the train is prevented, so that the limit effect after the derailment of the train is realized.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the inverted cross limiter in the inverted cross limiting module can be detached and replaced, and different types of limiters can be replaced according to actual needs in the later period, so that the modularization degree is high. After the derailment of the train is detected, the primary telescopic rod and the secondary telescopic rod cooperatively drive the inverted cross limiter to rapidly move below the rail surface, so that the limit function of the inverted cross limiter is effectively ensured to be exerted.
2. The primary arc guide plate and the secondary arc guide plate in the arc-shaped telescopic guide plate module are connected in an inner-outer nested manner, the adjustable action stroke is long, the guiding action of the transverse movement of the train is realized by utilizing the tangential geometric relationship in the collision contact surface, the guiding realization principle mode is simple, and the device structure is reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a barrier with passive safety protection after derailment of a train according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-travel state structure of the inverted cross limiting module.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a high-travel state structure of the arc-shaped telescopic guiding module.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the barrier device with passive safety protection function in a contracted state after derailment of the train.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the low-travel state structure of the inverted cross limiting module.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the low-travel state structure of the arc-shaped telescopic guiding module.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the inverted cross stopper structure.
In the figure: 1-an obstacle-removing and flow-guiding main board; 2-a buffering energy absorbing component; 3-a fan-shaped mounting base; 4-a triangle connecting rod; 5-straight shank connecting rod; 6-a secondary telescopic rod; 7-an inverted cross limiter; 8-a secondary arc-shaped guide plate; 9-a first-stage arc-shaped guide plate; 10-a guide plate box; 11-a cylindrical connecting rod; 12-obstacle removing and flow guiding side plates; 13-mounting a connecting rod; 14-round steel lifting lugs; 15-annular lifting lugs; 16-linear steel springs; 17-a first-stage telescopic rod; 18-a first-stage telescopic bar; 19-a secondary telescopic bar; 20-connecting plates.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a barrier remover with a passive safety protection function after derailment of a train, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises an inverted cross limiting module, an arc-shaped telescopic guiding module, a barrier removing and guiding main board 1, barrier removing and guiding side boards 12 and a buffering and energy absorbing component 2. The buffering energy-absorbing component 2 is welded and fixed with the obstacle-removing and flow-guiding main board 1 and the obstacle-removing and flow-guiding side board 12 through reinforcing ribs. The buffering and energy absorbing component 2 is composed of 4 fan-shaped plates which are nested from inside to outside, the buffering plates are welded and fixed through reinforcing ribs, and the plates are arranged at equal intervals.
As shown in fig. 2, the inverted cross limiting module structure is as follows: the fan-shaped installation base 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffering energy-absorbing component 2, the triangular connecting rod 4 is installed on the fan-shaped installation base 3 through two round steel lifting lugs 14, and the straight shank connecting rod 5 is connected with the triangular connecting rod 4 through a rolling round shaft. The secondary telescopic rod 19 is fixed on the fan-shaped mounting base 3 and used for adjusting the stroke of the secondary telescopic rod 6, and the end part of the straight shank connecting rod 5 is mounted on the secondary telescopic rod 6 through the annular lifting lug 15; the end part of the secondary telescopic rod 6 is provided with a primary telescopic rod 17 and a primary telescopic rod 18 which are matched, the primary telescopic rod 17 and the linear steel spring 16 are nested inside and outside, and the inverted cross limiter 7 and the secondary telescopic rod 6 are fixedly connected through a hexagon bolt, as shown in fig. 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the arc-shaped telescopic guiding module structure is as follows: the guide plate box 10 is fixedly connected with the end part of the buffering energy-absorbing component 2 through a connecting plate 20 by using a hexagon bolt, the guide plate box 10 is connected with the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9 through an internal chute, and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate 8 and the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9 are connected in a nested manner; the guide plate boxes 10 are connected with the vehicle body through mounting connecting rods 13, and the two guide plate boxes 10 are connected through cylindrical connecting rods 11.
Further, the primary telescopic rod 17 and the secondary telescopic rod 6 are hollow round tubes, and are made of high-strength structural steel.
Further, the inverted cross limiter 7 can be detached and replaced.
Further, the linear steel spring 16 compresses and stretches along with the stroke change of the secondary telescopic rod 6, and the distance between the inverted cross limiter 7 and the rail surface is adjusted cooperatively.
Further, the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9 and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate 8 are hollow structures, and are made of high-strength aluminum alloy.
Further, the width of the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9 is 1.5 times that of the secondary arc-shaped guide plate 8, and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate 8 can be contracted in the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9.
Further, the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9, the secondary arc-shaped guide plate 8 and the guide plate box 10 are connected through vertical sliding grooves, and the travel in the sliding grooves can be adjusted and set in a grading manner.
As shown in fig. 4, the inverted cross-shaped limit module and the arc-shaped telescopic module are both in a low-stroke shrinkage state for the structural schematic diagram of the invention in the normal running process of the train.
As shown in fig. 5, the inverted cross limiting module of the obstacle deflector is in a low-stroke state, wherein the inverted cross limiter 7 is above the track surface and higher than the lower edge of the obstacle deflector main plate 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the arc-shaped telescopic guide module of the barrier is in a contracted state, wherein the primary arc-shaped guide plate 9 and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate 8 are both positioned inside the guide plate box 10.
The method for limiting and guiding the derailled train by using the barrier remover with the passive safety protection function after derailing the train comprises the following steps:
when the train is in a normal running state, the primary telescopic rod 17 and the secondary telescopic rod 6 in the inverted cross limiting module are in a contracted state, the triangular connecting rod 4 is in contact with the arc-shaped mounting base 3, the upper end of the straight shank connecting rod 5 is in contact with the secondary telescopic rod 19, at the moment, the inverted cross limiter 7 is in a low stroke position, and the bottom of the inverted cross limiter is positioned above the bottom of the obstacle removing and guiding main board 1, so that the normal and safe running of the train is not influenced; meanwhile, a primary arc guide plate 9 and a secondary arc guide plate 8 in the arc telescopic guide module are positioned in a guide plate box 10, and the bottom of the secondary arc guide plate 8 is positioned above the bottom of the barrier-removing and flow-guiding side plate 12, so that the safety of a train passing through a turnout and a crossing is ensured;
when receiving the derailment signal of the train, the secondary telescopic rod 19 connected with the train air pipe is instantly filled with high-pressure air to push the secondary telescopic rod 6 to move downwards, meanwhile, the linear steel spring 16 pops up to drive the primary telescopic rod 17 to move, and under the action of self gravity, the primary telescopic rod 17 and the secondary telescopic rod 6, the inverted cross limiter 7 is positioned at a high stroke position, and extension parts at two ends of the inverted cross limiter are positioned below a rail surface; meanwhile, a primary arc guide plate 9 and a secondary arc guide plate 8 in the arc telescopic guide module move downwards along the sliding groove under the action of self gravity and a compression spring in the guide plate box, and the primary arc guide plate 9 is also positioned below the rail surface; when the derailment speed of the train is lower, the arc-shaped guide plate collides with the steel rail in the transverse movement process after the derailment of the wheel set, and the contact part moves along the arc surface of the arc-shaped guide plate so as to realize the guiding function in the running process of the train; when the derailment speed of the train is high, the arc-shaped guide plate is broken in the collision process of the arc-shaped guide plate and the rail, the inverted cross limiter 7 is contacted with the rail web of the steel rail in the transverse movement process of the train, the two extending parts of the inverted cross limiter are hooked with the rail head of the steel rail to limit the further transverse displacement of the train, and meanwhile the side turning of the train is prevented, so that the limit effect after the derailment of the train is realized.
Claims (8)
1. The obstacle deflector with the passive safety protection function after derailment of the train is characterized by comprising an inverted cross limiting module, an arc-shaped telescopic guiding module, an obstacle-removing and guiding main board (1), an obstacle-removing and guiding side board (12) and a buffering and energy-absorbing component (2), wherein the buffering and energy-absorbing component (2) is welded and fixed with the obstacle-removing and guiding main board (1) and the obstacle-removing and guiding side board (12) through reinforcing ribs;
the inverted cross limiting module structure is as follows: the fan-shaped mounting base (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffering energy-absorbing component (2), the triangular connecting rod (4) is mounted on the fan-shaped mounting base (3) through two round steel lifting lugs (14), and the straight shank connecting rod (5) is connected with the triangular connecting rod (4) through a rolling round shaft; the secondary telescopic rod (19) is fixed on the fan-shaped mounting base (3) and used for adjusting the stroke of the secondary telescopic rod (6), and the end part of the straight shank connecting rod (5) is mounted on the secondary telescopic rod (6) through the annular lifting lug (15); the end part of the secondary telescopic rod (6) is provided with a primary telescopic rod (17) and a primary telescopic rod (18) which are matched, the primary telescopic rod (17) and the linear steel spring (16) are nested inside and outside, and the inverted cross limiter (7) is fixedly connected with the secondary telescopic rod (6) through a hexagon bolt;
the arc-shaped telescopic guiding module structure is as follows: the guide plate box (10) is fixedly connected with the end part of the buffering energy-absorbing component (2) through a connecting plate (20), the guide plate box (10) is connected with the primary arc-shaped guide plate (9) through an internal chute, and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate (8) is connected with the primary arc-shaped guide plate (9) in an inner-outer nested manner; the guide plate boxes (10) are connected with the vehicle body through mounting connecting rods (13), and the two guide plate boxes (10) are connected through cylindrical connecting rods (11).
2. The barrier remover with the passive safety protection function after derailment of the train according to claim 1, wherein the primary telescopic rod (17) and the secondary telescopic rod (6) are hollow round tubes, and are made of high-strength structural steel.
3. A barrier with passive safety protection after derailment of a train according to claim 1, characterized in that the inverted cross stopper (7) is removable.
4. The track guard with the passive safety protection function after derailment of the train according to claim 1, wherein the linear steel spring (16) is compressed and stretched along with the stroke change of the secondary telescopic rod (6), and the distance adjustment between the inverted cross limiter (7) and the track surface is cooperatively realized.
5. The barrier with the passive safety protection function after derailment of the train according to claim 1, wherein the primary arc-shaped guide plate (9) and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate (8) are hollow structures and are made of high-strength aluminum alloy.
6. The track guard with passive safety protection function after derailment of a train according to claim 1, wherein the width of the primary arc-shaped guide plate (9) is 1.5 times that of the secondary arc-shaped guide plate (8), and the secondary arc-shaped guide plate (8) can be contracted in the primary arc-shaped guide plate (9).
7. The barrier device with the passive safety protection function after derailment of the train according to claim 1, wherein the primary arc-shaped guide plate (9), the secondary arc-shaped guide plate (8) and the guide plate box (10) are connected through vertical sliding grooves, and the travel in the sliding grooves can be adjusted and set in a grading manner.
8. A method for limiting and guiding a derailed train, which is characterized in that the barrier device with passive safety protection function is used after the derailed train according to the claim 1;
when the train is in a normal running state, a first-stage telescopic rod (17) and a second-stage telescopic rod (6) in the inverted cross limiting module are in a contracted state, a triangular connecting rod (4) is in contact with an arc-shaped mounting base (3), the upper end of a straight handle connecting rod (5) is in contact with a second-stage telescopic rod (19), at the moment, the inverted cross limiter (7) is in a low-stroke position, and the bottom of the inverted cross limiter is positioned above the bottom of the obstacle-removing and flow-guiding main board (1) so as not to influence the normal and safe running of the train; meanwhile, a primary arc guide plate (9) and a secondary arc guide plate (8) in the arc telescopic guide module are positioned in a guide plate box (10), and the bottom of the secondary arc guide plate (8) is positioned above the bottom of the barrier-removing guide side plate (12), so that the safety of a train passing through a turnout and a crossing is ensured;
when receiving a signal of derailment of a train, high-pressure gas is instantaneously rushed into a secondary telescopic rod (19) connected with an air pipe of the train, so that the secondary telescopic rod (6) is pushed to move downwards, meanwhile, a linear steel spring (16) ejects out to drive a primary telescopic rod (17) to move, and under the action of self gravity, the primary telescopic rod (17) and the secondary telescopic rod (6), an inverted cross limiter (7) is positioned at a high stroke position, and extension parts at two ends of the inverted cross limiter are positioned below a rail surface; meanwhile, a primary arc guide plate (9) and a secondary arc guide plate (8) in the arc telescopic guide module move downwards along the sliding groove under the action of self gravity and a compression spring in the guide plate box, and the primary arc guide plate (9) is also positioned below the rail surface; when the derailment speed of the train is smaller, the arc-shaped guide plate collides with the steel rail in the transverse movement process after the derailment of the wheel set, and the contact part moves along the arc surface of the arc-shaped guide plate, so that the guiding function in the running process of the train is realized; when the derailment speed of the train is high, the arc-shaped guide plate is broken in the collision process of the arc-shaped guide plate and the rail, the inverted cross limiter (7) is contacted with the web of the steel rail in the transverse movement process of the train, the two extending parts of the inverted cross limiter are hooked with the rail head of the steel rail to limit the further transverse displacement of the train, and meanwhile the side turning of the train is prevented, so that the limit effect after the derailment of the train is realized.
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王贵久;: "轨道列车被动防护装置及应用", 机械工程师, no. 12, pages 202 - 205 * |
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