CN116397163A - Solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fastener - Google Patents
Solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fastener Download PDFInfo
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- CN116397163A CN116397163A CN202310284464.9A CN202310284464A CN116397163A CN 116397163 A CN116397163 A CN 116397163A CN 202310284464 A CN202310284464 A CN 202310284464A CN 116397163 A CN116397163 A CN 116397163A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a solution heat treatment method for preventing heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fasteners from quenching cracking, wherein during the preliminary heat treatment, a steel billet is placed into a trolley type gas furnace to be heated to 650 ℃ according to a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, and the heat is preserved. Heating the preheated blank to 1050 ℃ at 70 ℃/h during solution heat treatment, wherein the heat preservation time is calculated according to the sectional area of the bar; and (3) carrying out water quenching and cooling on the blank after heat preservation, lifting the blank out of the water surface when cooling is carried out for 20 minutes, repeating the cooling mode again after 3 minutes until the temperature of the blank is 100 ℃, and carrying out air cooling. According to the invention, through optimizing the cooling mode and setting specific technical parameters, the technical defects of environmental pollution generated by an oil cooling mode, billet cracking caused by improper operation of the water cooling mode and the like are overcome; not only can protect the environment, but also can stop the loss caused by the cracking of the solution heat treatment, saves the production cost, can greatly improve the economic benefit, and has wide market popularization prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel heat treatment, and particularly relates to a solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fasteners.
Background
With the development of aerospace and marine defense equipment, higher requirements are put on corrosion resistance of fasteners used in marine environments such as marine defense airplanes, aerospace vehicles and the like. The 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb high-strength stainless steel is used as a novel material for further improving the special fastener of the aerospace marine protection equipment, and has higher requirements on the material characteristics, the forming characteristics, the heat treatment process and the like of the steel.
The heat treatment process of the stainless steel generally comprises solution treatment and aging treatment, and at present, users generally adopt different aging heat treatment processes after carrying out solution heat treatment on the stainless steel according to the requirement of using comprehensive mechanical properties so as to meet the requirement of different using working conditions on strength. In a solid solution state, the microstructure of the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel is supersaturated low-carbon lath martensite, and the phenomenon of cracking caused by untimely aging heat treatment is often caused, and the adoption of oil cooling is generally considered to be reasonable; however, in actual operation, the oil cooling has a certain pollution to the surrounding environment, and usually manufacturers adopt a water cooling mode for cooling, and the improper operation of the water cooling mode often leads to billet cracking, especially square billets.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects in the prior art, the invention provides a solution heat treatment method for preventing the quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fasteners, which aims at adopting reasonable solution heat treatment heating rate and heating temperature, selecting a quenching medium and optimizing a cooling mode, thereby protecting the environment and preventing the loss caused by the solution heat treatment cracking of the stainless steel.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel for fasteners 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb, wherein the heat-resistant steel for fasteners 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.035 to 0.055, si:0.15 to 0.40, mn:0.15 to 0.35, cr:15.1 to 15.50, ni:3.85 to 4.45 percent, cu:3.20 to 3.50, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The unavoidable impurities of the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the fastener comprise P and S, wherein the weight percentage of P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and the weight percentage of S is less than or equal to 0.004 percent.
The solution heat treatment process of the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the fastener comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary heat treatment
Placing the forged/rolled steel billet into a trolley type gas furnace, heating to 600-650 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, and preserving heat; the heat preservation time is 60-80 minutes. The process is performed in order to heat treat all blanks at a uniform temperature, i.e. with simultaneous heating, when they are heated at high temperatures.
(2) Solution heat treatment
S1: heating the blank subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) to 1050+/-10 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 70 ℃/h, soaking for 10-20 minutes, and then preserving heat; the heat preservation time is calculated according to t= (0.71-0.75) multiplied by the sectional area of the bar material; the heating temperature is selected to partially eliminate the non-uniformity of the components, dissolve the alloy carbide into the austenite, strengthen the solid solution, cool to obtain supersaturated martensite, and prepare for precipitation strengthening phase in the subsequent aging process.
S2: and (3) completely immersing the blank subjected to S1 heat preservation in water for water quenching and cooling, and when the cooling time is 15-20 minutes, lifting the blank out of the water surface, and immersing in water again after 3 minutes. And repeating the cooling mode until the temperature of the blank is 100 ℃, and then hanging the blank out of the water tank for air cooling.
According to the technical scheme, the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb is subjected to solution heat treatment, the quenching cracking phenomenon does not occur after the solution heat treatment, and the mechanical properties of a user after aging heat treatment reach Rm: 1430-1446 MPa, RP0.2: 1230-1300, A:14.5 to 16.5 percent of Brinell hardness: 420-430; completely meets the requirements of user technical protocols (Rm is more than or equal to 1310MPa, RP0.2 is more than or equal to 1180, A is more than or equal to 10%, Z is more than or equal to 40% and hardness is more than or equal to 411).
The application of the method in the heat treatment process for preventing the cracking of the special martensitic stainless steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the problem of quenching cracking of the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the fastener, a reasonable solution heat treatment method is adopted, a cooling mode is optimized, and specific technical parameters are set, so that the environmental pollution caused by an oil cooling mode in the prior art is overcome; technical defects such as billet cracking caused by improper operation of a water cooling mode; therefore, the method not only can protect the environment, but also can prevent quenching cracking, eliminates the loss caused by stainless steel solution heat treatment cracking, saves the production cost, can greatly improve the economic benefit, and has wide market popularization prospect.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific examples, but is not limited in any way. For the sake of brevity, the raw materials in the following examples are all commercial products unless otherwise specified, and the methods used are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Product specifications in the examples: the flat steel billet subjected to the solution heat treatment does not generate the explosion phenomenon when not subjected to the aging heat treatment, and the mechanical properties after being subjected to the aging heat treatment meet the requirements shown in the table 1.
Table 1 mechanical Property specifications of the products
The embodiment provides a solution heat treatment method for heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb, which comprises the following steps: the trolley type gas furnace is preheated and kept at 600-650 ℃, continuously heated to 1040-1060 ℃ and kept at the same time, discharged and quenched to be lower than 100 ℃, and cooled to the room temperature in an air way.
Examples
A solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fasteners comprises the following steps: 0.035 to 0.055, si:0.15 to 0.40, mn:0.15 to 0.35, cr:15.1 to 15.50, ni:3.85 to 4.45 percent, cu:3.20 to 3.50, P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.004 percent, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The solution heat treatment process of the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the fastener comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) performing preliminary heat treatment: the forged/rolled billet is put into a trolley type gas furnace to be heated to 630 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept. The blanks are distributed one by one in the trolley type gas furnace, a certain gap is reserved between the blanks, and 1 layer of material is distributed. Firstly, heating the blank to 600-650 ℃ at a speed of 60 ℃ per hour for soaking heat treatment, and preserving heat for 60 minutes.
(2) Solution heat treatment
S1: heating the blank subjected to preheating treatment to 1050 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 70 ℃/h, and soaking for 15 minutes; the heat preservation time is calculated according to t= (0.71-0.75) multiplied by the sectional area of the bar, and the heat preservation time is calculated to be 20 hours.
S2: and (3) completely immersing the blank after heat preservation in water for water quenching and cooling, and when the cooling time is 15-20 minutes, hanging the blank out of the water surface, and immersing in water again after 3 minutes. And repeating the cooling mode until the temperature of the blank is 100 ℃, and then hanging the blank out of the water tank for air cooling.
(3) Aging heat treatment
After the billet is sent to the user, the user heats the billet to 480 ℃ at 60 ℃/h, keeps the temperature for 10 hours, and then is taken out of the furnace to be cooled to room temperature. The mechanical property data of the obtained heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the product fastener are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the products after solution and aging Heat treatment
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb product for fasteners obtained according to the method of the present example did not undergo quenching cracking after solution heat treatment, and at the same time, the mechanical properties thereof meet the demands of users after post aging heat treatment.
Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technology, or the technology can be modified to be equivalent. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fasteners is characterized in that the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fasteners comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.035 to 0.055, si:0.15 to 0.40, mn:0.15 to 0.35, cr:15.1 to 15.50, ni:3.85 to 4.45 percent, cu:3.20 to 3.50, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the unavoidable impurities of the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the fastener comprise P and S, wherein the weight percentage of P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and the weight percentage of S is less than or equal to 0.004 percent.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solution heat treatment process of the heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for the fastener comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) performing preliminary heat treatment: putting the billet into a trolley type gas furnace, heating to 600-650 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, and preserving heat;
(2) solution heat treatment:
s1: heating the steel blank subjected to the preheating treatment in the step (1) to 1050+/-10 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 70 ℃/h, soaking for 10-20 minutes, and then preserving heat;
s2: completely immersing the blank subjected to S1 heat preservation in water for water quenching and cooling, when the cooling time is 15-20 minutes, hanging the blank out of the water surface, and immersing in water again after 3 minutes; and repeating the cooling mode until the temperature of the blank is 100 ℃, and then hanging the blank out of the water tank for air cooling.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the steel billet in the step (1) is one of a forged steel billet and a rolled steel billet, and the heat preservation time is 60-80 minutes.
5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (2) the heat preservation time t seconds= (0.71-0.75) multiplied by the sectional area of the bar in the step S1.
6. Use of the method of any one of claims 1-5 in a heat treatment process for preventing cracking of a specialty martensitic stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310284464.9A CN116397163A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fastener |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310284464.9A CN116397163A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fastener |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116397163A true CN116397163A (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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| CN202310284464.9A Pending CN116397163A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Solution heat treatment method for preventing quenching cracking of heat-resistant steel 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb for fastener |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116397163A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-22 CN CN202310284464.9A patent/CN116397163A/en active Pending
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