CN116394068B - Method for automatically measuring AC axis zero positioning precision of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Method for automatically measuring AC axis zero positioning precision of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining control and measuring devices, and discloses a method for automatically measuring the AC axis zero positioning precision of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, which is an AC axis zero positioning precision automatic measuring method of the AC axis linkage numerical control machine tool based on a measuring head and is applied to automatic geometric precision calibration of the AC axis linkage numerical control machine tool. The method is based on a measuring assembly consisting of a standard ball, a standard measuring head and an L-shaped measuring head, and comprises the steps of planning a measuring track of the measuring head, measuring coordinates of a contact point, obtaining an error angle value and compensating. The automatic measuring device can replace the traditional tools such as a mandrel, a dial indicator and the like to finish automatic measurement of the AC shaft zero point positioning precision and finish automatic compensation of the precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining control and measuring devices, in particular to a method for automatically measuring the zero point positioning accuracy of an AC (alternating current) shaft of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.
Background
As the development of the numerical control machine tool becomes mature, the numerical control machine tool is widely applied to the processing of various industries. The AC five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool has the characteristics of flexibility, rapidness, machinability, large range and the like, and is widely applied to machining of various complex structural members. In the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool processing, due to the reasons of machine tool aging and the like, the zero position of the AC axis often has certain offset to influence the processing quality of products, and the positioning precision needs to be detected regularly to ensure the processing quality of parts.
At present, the detection and adjustment of the AC axis zero point positioning precision of an AC five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool are usually carried out by adopting tools such as a check rod, a dial indicator and the like, the measuring process is required to be in a machine halt state, a meter frame is required to be manually and repeatedly adjusted, the dial indicator is read, the machine tool is manually operated more frequently, the error probability is larger, and the measuring time is longer. In order not to influence production efficiency, the existing machine tool precision detection interval period is generally longer, the common interval period is 2 months, monitoring timeliness is poor, operators cannot find equipment precision degradation in time, and product quality problems are easy to occur.
The 2017 Chinese patent literature discloses a method for compensating an AC swing angle error on a numerical control machine tool, and the publication number is CN 106950918A. The calibration block is measured, so that the AC swing angle error of the machine tool can be compensated, but the compensation process mainly compensates the reference value of the XYZ coordinate system of the machine tool, the angle error value of the rotating shaft cannot be directly compensated, the compensation precision is not high, the requirement of the machine tool for high machining precision cannot be met, the operation process is complex, and multiple angle conversion is needed. Similar to the traditional precision compensation process, the measured value also needs to be compensated manually, and the degree of automation is low.
Therefore, in order to reduce measurement errors possibly generated when the AC axis zero point positioning accuracy is measured manually and improve the detection efficiency and the detection frequency, the invention provides a method for automatically measuring the AC axis zero point positioning accuracy of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for automatically measuring the zero positioning precision of the AC shaft of a five-shaft linkage numerical control machine tool, which has the functions of reducing measurement errors possibly generated when the zero positioning precision of the AC shaft is manually measured, and has the effects of improving the detection efficiency and the detection frequency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for automatically measuring the zero positioning precision of an AC axis of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
step S1, fixing a standard ball on a workbench, and calling and activating a standard measuring head;
s2, enabling a C axis to be kept at 0 degrees, enabling an A axis to be kept at 0 degrees, touching 6 fixed measuring points on a standard ball by using a standard measuring head to obtain a standard ball center Q, and setting the standard ball center Q as a testing origin;
step S3, enabling the C axis to be kept at 0 degrees, when the A axis rotates to 90 degrees and 90 degrees below zero, respectively utilizing the same point of the standard measuring head which touches the standard ball along the X direction, recording the coordinate value of the tail end of the measuring head, and calculating the error angle value theta of the zero positioning precision of the C axis in the mode of the measuring head D0;
step S4, automatically compensating the measured error angle value theta to a numerical control system according to the requirement, and performing precision review to ensure that the compensation is effective;
s5, placing the standard measuring head in a tool return magazine, calling the L-shaped measuring head and activating;
step S6, enabling the rotating shaft to keep 0 degree of the A axis and 0 degree of the C axis, and when the spindle rotates to 0 degree and 180 degrees, respectively utilizing the L-shaped measuring head to touch the Z-direction vertex of the standard ball along the Z direction, recording the Z-direction coordinate value of the Z-direction vertex, and calculating an error angle value theta 1 of the zero positioning precision of the A axis in a measuring head D2 mode;
and S7, automatically compensating the measured error angle value theta 1 to a numerical control system according to the requirement, and performing precision review to ensure that the compensation is effective.
In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step S2 includes:
when the standard sphere center Q is acquired, the measuring head measuring mode is required to be switched to the D2 mode, and coordinate values of the ruby sphere center of the standard measuring head are acquired; and each measuring point coordinate value needs to be measured twice under the condition of 0 DEG and 180 DEG by the spindle, and the results of the two measurements are averaged.
In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step S3 includes:
when the coordinates of the contact point are measured, the measuring mode of the measuring head is required to be switched to a D0 mode, and the coordinate value of the tail end of the measuring head is obtained;
in the mode of the measuring head D0, a standard measuring head is used for touching a point of a standard ball along the X direction, the coordinates (X0, y 0) of the tail end of the measuring head at the moment are recorded, then the C axis is kept at 0 degrees, the A axis is rotated to-90 degrees, in the same mode of the measuring head D0, the standard ball is touched at the same point along the X direction by the standard measuring head, the coordinates (X1, y 1) of the tail end of the measuring head at the moment are recorded, and the difference value is obtained，/>And calculating an error angle value of the C-axis zero point positioning precision by using an inverse trigonometric function>Expressed as->。
In order to better implement the present invention, further, when measuring the coordinates of the contact point, it is necessary to switch the stylus measurement mode to the D2 mode.
When the spindle rotates to 0 degree, using an L-shaped measuring head to touch the Z-direction vertex of the standard ball along the Z direction in the measuring head D2 mode, and recording a Z-direction coordinate value Z0 at the moment; under the same condition, when the spindle rotates 180 degrees, the same point of the standard ball is touched in the same D2 mode, the Z-direction coordinate value Z1 at the moment is recorded, and the difference value is calculated，/>And calculating an error angle value of the A-axis zero point positioning precision by using an inverse trigonometric function>And is denoted +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein L is the length of the bending part of the L-shaped measuring head.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, by planning the measuring track of the measuring head and writing an automatic measuring program, the traditional tools such as a mandrel, a dial indicator and the like can be replaced to finish automatic measurement of the AC axis zero positioning precision, and automatic compensation of the precision is finished;
(2) The precision measurement process is automatically executed by calling the measurement program, so that the traditional manual measurement is replaced, the influence of manual measurement errors is reduced, and the measurement efficiency is improved;
(3) The precision measurement provided by the invention does not need measuring tools such as a detecting rod, a dial indicator and the like any more, and can be completed by only a measuring head of a machine tool, so that the precision measurement can be conveniently performed at any time, the measurement frequency is greatly improved, and the problem of product quality caused by untimely discovery of precision degradation is avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, and all inventive concepts of the invention are to be considered as being disclosed and claimed.
Fig. 1 is a measurement flow chart of a method for automatically measuring the zero positioning accuracy of an AC axis of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.
FIG. 2 is a standard ball used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a standard ball calibration point used for calibrating a probe according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the automatic measurement track of the positioning accuracy of the zero point of the C-axis.
Fig. 5 is an automatic measurement track of the positioning accuracy of the zero point of the a-axis.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a worker of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, are within the protection scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; or may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1:
the invention provides a method for automatically measuring the AC axis zero positioning precision of a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, which is applied to the automatic calibration of the geometric precision of the AC axis linkage numerical control machine tool. The automatic measuring device mainly comprises a standard ball, a triggering type standard measuring head and a triggering type L-shaped measuring head, and can be used for completing automatic measurement of the AC shaft zero point positioning precision and automatic compensation of the precision by planning measuring tracks of the measuring heads and writing automatic measuring programs instead of traditional tools such as a core rod, a dial indicator and the like. The invention realizes the rapid automatic detection and compensation of the A/C axis zero positioning precision of the AC five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, reduces manual intervention, improves the detection efficiency, and effectively avoids the product quality problem caused by the reduction of the machine tool precision.
The invention creates the generic term "gauge head" is "standard gauge head", "L-shaped gauge head". The standard measuring head and the L-shaped measuring head are all trigger measuring heads. As shown in fig. 3, one end of the standard measuring head connected to the main shaft of the machine tool is a measuring head end, and the other end for contacting the standard ball is provided with a ruby ball. As shown in fig. 5, the part of the L-shaped measuring head connected to the spindle of the machine tool is a mounting part, the mounting part is bent at right angles to form a bending part, the tail end of the bending part is provided with a ruby ball, and the length of the bending part is L. The point where the measuring head contacts the standard ball is the contact point.
The method for automatically measuring the zero positioning precision of the AC axis of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is based on a measurement assembly consisting of a standard ball, a standard measuring head and an L-shaped measuring head, and comprises the steps of measuring a track by planning the measuring head, measuring coordinates of a contact point, obtaining an error angle value and compensating. The automatic measuring device can replace the traditional tools such as a mandrel, a dial indicator and the like to finish automatic measurement of the AC shaft zero point positioning precision and finish automatic compensation of the precision.
Example 2:
this example was further optimized on the basis of example 1, as shown in fig. 2, and the standard ball was fixed to the machine table using a magnetic base and a support rod before measurement.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 uses a ceramic standard sphere of 18mm diameter, which is called and activated.
In order to measure the zero positioning accuracy of the AC axis of the machine tool, a measurement origin must be established first for later calculation. The invention selects the standard sphere center as the measuring origin. After the measuring head is installed on the spindle, an automatic measuring program is called, the rotation A axis and the rotation C axis are kept at 0 degrees, symmetrical points (a, a 1), (b, b 1) and (C, C1) are selected as measuring points, and a standard sphere center Q is obtained, as shown in fig. 3. Firstly, the Siemens self-contained calibration program is utilized to finish the rough acquisition of the standard sphere center Q. Then, the main shaft is positioned by 0 degrees, the standard ball a1 point is touched, the X coordinate value of the touched point is recorded, the main shaft is positioned by 180 degrees, the a1 point is touched at the same speed, the X coordinate value of the touched point is recorded, the results of the two measurements are averaged to obtain an average value a1|x1, the a2 is touched in the same way, and the average value a2|x2 is obtained. X0= (a1|x1+a2|x2)/2. Similarly, the points b, b1, c and c1 of the standard ball are touched in the same manner to obtain Y0 and Z0, wherein the axis A is required to be rotated by 90 degrees when Z0 is obtained, Y0= (b|y+b1|y1)/2, and Z0= (c|z+c1|z1)/2 are needed to obtain the center Q (X0, Y0 and Z0) of the standard ball, and the point Q is set as a measurement origin in a measurement system.
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and thus will not be described in detail.
Example 3:
the embodiment is further optimized based on the above embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in fig. 4, the C-axis is kept at 0 °, the a-axis is rotated to 90 °, the standard ball a2 point is touched by the standard probe in the X direction in the probe D0 mode, the coordinates (X0, y 0) of the end of the probe at this time are recorded, the C-axis is kept at 0 °, the a-axis is rotated to-90 °, the standard ball same point a2 point is touched in the same mode, the coordinates (X1, y 1) of the end of the probe at this time are recorded, and the difference is obtained，/>And error angle of zero positioning precision of C-axis by using inverse trigonometric function>，/>. And automatically compensating the measured error value to a corresponding numerical control system precision parameter module according to the requirement, and performing precision review to ensure that the compensation is effective and error-free.
Wherein, the value obtained in the D0 mode is the coordinate value of the end of the measuring head.
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1 or 2 described above, and thus will not be described again.
Example 4:
the present embodiment is further optimized based on any one of the above embodiments 1 to 3, as shown in fig. 5, placing the standard probe in a tool back magazine, calling the L-shaped probe and activating, when the rotation axis is kept at A0 °, C0 °, and the spindle is 0 °, touching the standard sphere vertex with the L-shaped probe in the Z-direction in the D2 mode, and recording the Z value Z0 of the coordinate point of the probe at that time, and under the same condition, rotating the spindle by 180 °, touching the standard sphere vertex, and recording the Z value Z1 of the coordinate point of the probe at that time, calculating the difference=z1-Z0, and calculating the error of the positioning accuracy of the zero point of the a axis by using the inverse trigonometric functionAngle of，/>And automatically compensating the measured error value 1 to a numerical control system precision parameter module according to the requirement, and performing precision review to ensure that the compensation is effective and error-free.
Wherein, the value obtained in the D2 mode is the coordinate value of the sphere center of the measuring head ruby.
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 3 described above, and thus will not be described again.
Example 5:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of any one of the embodiments 1 to 4, and the method for automatically measuring the zero positioning precision of the AC axis of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is provided, so that the application expansion is performed by changing the size of a measuring head, the shape of a standard part, the measuring sequence and the like without departing from the concept of the invention, and the method is also regarded as the protection scope of the invention.
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 4 described above, and thus will not be described again.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification and equivalent variation of the above embodiment according to the technical matter of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for automatically measuring the zero positioning precision of the AC axis of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is used for the AC five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, fixing a standard ball on a workbench, and calling and activating a standard measuring head;
s2, enabling a C axis to be kept at 0 degrees, enabling an A axis to be kept at 0 degrees, touching 6 fixed measuring points on a standard ball by using a standard measuring head to obtain a standard ball center Q, and setting the standard ball center Q as a testing origin;
step S3, keeping the C axisWhen the axis A rotates to 90 degrees and 90 degrees below zero, the coordinate value of the tail end of the measuring head is recorded by utilizing the same point of the standard measuring head which touches the standard ball along the X direction, and the error angle value of the zero positioning precision of the axis C is calculated in the mode of the measuring head D0；
The step S3 includes:
when the coordinates of the contact point are measured, the measuring mode of the measuring head is required to be switched to a D0 mode, and the coordinate value of the tail end of the measuring head is obtained;
in the mode of the measuring head D0, a standard measuring head is used for touching a point of a standard ball along the X direction, the coordinates (X0, y 0) of the tail end of the measuring head at the moment are recorded, then the C axis is kept at 0 degrees, the A axis is rotated to-90 degrees, in the same mode of the measuring head D0, the standard ball is touched at the same point along the X direction by the standard measuring head, the coordinates (X1, y 1) of the tail end of the measuring head at the moment are recorded, and the difference value is obtained，/>And calculating an error angle value of the C-axis zero point positioning precision by using an inverse trigonometric function>Expressed as->；
Step S4, according to the requirement, the measured error angle valueAutomatically compensating to a numerical control system, and performing precision review to ensure that compensation is effective and error-free;
s5, placing the standard measuring head in a tool return magazine, calling the L-shaped measuring head and activating;
step S6, when the rotating shaft is kept at 0 degrees of the A axis and 0 degrees of the C axis and the main shaft rotates to 0 degrees and 180 degrees, the L-shaped measuring head is used for touching the Z direction of the standard ball along the Z direction respectivelyThe vertex, record Z coordinate value of Z vertex, calculate the error angle value of A axis zero point positioning accuracy under the gauge head D2 mode；
The step S6 includes:
when the coordinates of the contact point are measured, the measuring mode of the measuring head is required to be switched to a D2 mode;
when the spindle rotates to 0 degree, using an L-shaped measuring head to touch the Z-direction vertex of the standard ball along the Z direction in the measuring head D2 mode, and recording a Z-direction coordinate value Z0 at the moment; under the same condition, when the spindle rotates 180 degrees, the same point of the standard ball is touched in the same D2 mode, the Z-direction coordinate value Z1 at the moment is recorded, and the difference value is calculated，/>And calculating an error angle value of the A-axis zero point positioning precision by using an inverse trigonometric function>And is denoted +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein L is the length of the bending part of the L-shaped measuring head;
step S7, according to the requirement, the measured error angle valueAnd automatically compensating to a numerical control system, and performing precision review to ensure that compensation is effective and error-free.
2. The method for automatically measuring the zero positioning accuracy of the AC axis of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises:
when the standard sphere center Q is acquired, the measuring head measuring mode is required to be switched to the D2 mode, and coordinate values of the ruby sphere center of the standard measuring head are acquired; and each measuring point coordinate value needs to be measured twice under the condition of 0 DEG and 180 DEG by the spindle, and the results of the two measurements are averaged.
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| CN117020754B (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2024-02-23 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Tool and method for detecting geometric precision of numerical control machining center of flexible production line |
| CN117124137B (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-03-15 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Measuring device and measuring method for zero point positioning of machine tool rotating shaft |
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