CN116381361A - Plane near-field antenna directional diagram measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Plane near-field antenna directional diagram measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116381361A CN116381361A CN202310305369.2A CN202310305369A CN116381361A CN 116381361 A CN116381361 A CN 116381361A CN 202310305369 A CN202310305369 A CN 202310305369A CN 116381361 A CN116381361 A CN 116381361A
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plane near-field antenna directional diagram measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the measuring device comprises an antenna to be measured, a mobile platform is arranged below the antenna to be measured, a frequency spectrum receiver is arranged on the mobile platform, the frequency spectrum receiver is respectively connected with a waveguide probe and a computer, and the antenna to be measured is also sequentially connected with a power amplifier and a radio frequency signal transmitter; the computer is connected with the mobile platform. The device is simple, the operation is convenient, the construction cost is low, and the antenna pattern measurement accuracy can be improved; the antenna can be suitable for antennas to be tested of different types; through man-machine interaction, the antenna pattern measurement efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave measurement equipment, relates to a planar near-field antenna directional diagram measurement device and also relates to a measurement method of the measurement device.
Background
As the antenna is used as a main component of the radar, scientists have increasingly strict performance requirements on all aspects of the radar along with the continuous development of science and technology, and higher requirements on indexes of the antenna are also achieved. How to obtain various parameter indexes of the antenna at the beginning of antenna design becomes an urgent problem to be solved, and an antenna pattern is the most direct data for reflecting the antenna indexes. At present, the antenna pattern is obtained by two modes of simulation or experiment, wherein electromagnetic simulation is to set various parameters of an antenna, calculate the parameters by using an electromagnetic algorithm and finally obtain the pattern by data processing. However, the simulation method has high requirements on the hardware condition of a computer, the accuracy of antenna modeling and the accuracy of an electromagnetic algorithm. In addition, there is a method of obtaining an antenna pattern through experiments, that is, a method of actually measuring a real antenna under a real condition. The construction of the antenna pattern measurement system is an essential ring in radar research and development and antenna design, and the construction of a measurement system with high accuracy is the basis of antenna design. The antenna pattern obtained by the experimental method has high requirements on a measuring system and equipment used for measurement. Therefore, more accurate equipment and a higher positioning system are needed, the current planar near-field antenna measuring platform has higher cost for ensuring higher accuracy, and the built measuring system cannot achieve good man-machine interaction in terms of measurement operation no matter the data is acquired or the pattern is drawn, so that the operation is inconvenient. The near field distances of antennas with different sizes and different frequencies are different, however, when the existing system is used for measuring, the antenna to be measured and the waveguide probe can only keep a single distance, so that the directional diagram measurement of some types of antennas is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planar near-field antenna directional diagram measuring device, which solves the problem of low measurement accuracy in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the planar near-field antenna pattern measuring device comprises an antenna to be measured, a mobile platform is arranged below the antenna to be measured, a frequency spectrum receiver is arranged on the mobile platform, the frequency spectrum receiver is respectively connected with a waveguide probe and a computer, and the antenna to be measured is also sequentially connected with a power amplifier and a radio frequency signal transmitter; the computer is connected with the mobile platform.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the antenna to be tested is fixed by the low-scattering telescopic antenna bracket.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a planar near field antenna pattern measurement method.
The invention adopts another technical proposal that the planar near-field antenna directional diagram measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, a computer, a spectrum receiver and a mobile platform are located under the same IP address, and PING commands are used for detecting whether the computer, the spectrum receiver and the mobile platform are connected successfully after the computer receives replies of the spectrum receiver and the mobile platform;
step 2, setting a frequency band, first scanning space ranges X and Y and scanning distance intervals on a computer, generating a radio frequency signal by a radio frequency signal transmitter, transmitting the radio frequency signal to an antenna to be tested through a power amplifier, detecting an electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the antenna to be tested by a waveguide probe, and converting a signal acquired by the waveguide probe into field intensity data by a frequency spectrum receiver; the computer plans a path according to the first scanning space ranges X and Y and the scanning distance interval, scans in a preset frequency band, and acquires field intensity;
step 3, the computer finds out the maximum point of the field intensity according to the scanning result, and determines the center position of the field intensity;
step 4, judging whether the field intensity center position is the center position of the scanning space range, if so, carrying out the next step; if not, resetting the scanning space ranges X and Y according to the position of the field intensity center, planning a path, and carrying out the next scanning;
and 5, after the scanning is completed, the computer draws the field intensity data of each frequency band into an electric field direction diagram to obtain a planar near-field antenna direction diagram.
The specific process of planning the path in the step 2 is as follows: and when the vertical scanning space reaches Y, scanning is completed once, so that an S-shaped path is formed.
Before step 1, according to the size and frequency of the antenna to be measured, the near-field distance of the antenna is adjusted through the low-scattering telescopic antenna bracket.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the plane near-field antenna pattern measuring device is simple, convenient to operate, low in construction cost and capable of improving the antenna pattern measuring accuracy; the antenna can be suitable for antennas to be tested of different types; according to the planar near-field antenna pattern measurement method, the antenna pattern measurement efficiency is improved through man-machine interaction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar near-field antenna pattern measurement apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning process diagram of a planar near field antenna pattern measurement apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a scanning path diagram of the planar near-field antenna pattern measuring apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 a low-scattering telescopic antenna bracket, 2 an antenna to be tested, 3 a mobile platform, 4 a spectrum receiver, 5 a waveguide probe, 6 a computer, 7 a power amplifier, 8 a radio frequency signal transmitter and 9 a wave absorbing material.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The planar near-field antenna pattern measuring device of the present embodiment is placed in a closed space and a wave absorbing material 9 is provided around the device as shown in fig. 1. The low-scattering telescopic antenna comprises a low-scattering telescopic antenna support 1, an antenna 2 to be detected is mounted on the low-scattering telescopic antenna support 1, a mobile platform 3 is arranged below the antenna 2 to be detected, a frequency spectrum receiver 4 is arranged on the mobile platform 3, the frequency spectrum receiver 4 is respectively connected with a waveguide probe 5 and a computer 6, the computer 6 is connected with the mobile platform 3 to control movement of the waveguide probe 5 and the computer, and the antenna 2 to be detected is further sequentially connected with a power amplifier 7 and a radio frequency signal transmitter 8.
The planar near-field antenna pattern measurement method comprises the following steps:
step 1, calculating a corresponding antenna near-field distance according to the size and frequency of an antenna 2 to be measured, and adjusting the distance between the antenna 2 to be measured and a waveguide probe 5 to be within the near-field distance through a low-scattering telescopic antenna bracket 1; the computer 6, the spectrum receiver 4 and the mobile platform 3 are positioned under the same IP address, and PING commands are used for detecting whether the computer 6 and the spectrum receiver 4 and the mobile platform 3 are connected successfully after the computer 6 receives the reply of the spectrum receiver 4 and the mobile platform 3;
step 2, setting a frequency band (frequency range of scanning radio frequency signals), scanning space ranges X and Y and scanning distance intervals on a computer 6, generating radio frequency signals by a radio frequency signal transmitter 8, transmitting the radio frequency signals to an antenna 2 to be tested after passing through a power amplifier 7, transmitting the radio frequency signals to a free space by the antenna 2 to be tested, detecting electromagnetic wave signals in the free space by a waveguide probe 5, and converting signals acquired by the waveguide probe 5 into field intensity data by a frequency spectrum receiver 4; the computer 6 plans a path according to the first scanning space ranges X and Y and the scanning distance interval, the mobile platform 3 moves, and scans in a preset frequency band to acquire field intensity data;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, during each frequency band, firstly, performing transverse sampling according to the scanning distance interval, after the sampling range reaches X, performing vertical line feed movement according to one scanning distance interval, and then performing sampling in the opposite transverse direction according to the scanning distance interval, so as to circulate, and after the vertical scanning space reaches Y, completing one-time scanning to form an S-shaped path, as shown in fig. 3; the moving platform 3 is stationary at each scanning distance interval, then the set full frequency band is sampled, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement result, a one-step one-stop scanning mode is adopted, namely, the platform stops during sampling, and the platform moves to the next position after the sampling is finished;
step 3, the computer 6 finds out the maximum point of the field intensity according to the scanning result, and determines the position of the field intensity center;
step 4, judging whether the field intensity central position is the central position of the scanning space range, if so, carrying out the next step; if not, resetting the scanning space ranges X and Y according to the position of the field intensity center, planning a path, carrying out next scanning, and carrying out second more complete scanning by covering the position which is not included in the first scanning but should be scanned;
and 5, after the scanning is completed, the computer 6 draws the field intensity data of each frequency band into an electric field direction diagram to obtain a planar near-field antenna direction diagram.
Through the mode, the plane near-field antenna pattern measuring device is simple, convenient to operate, low in construction cost and capable of improving the antenna pattern measuring accuracy; the antenna can be suitable for antennas to be tested of different types; according to the planar near-field antenna pattern measurement method, the antenna pattern measurement efficiency is improved through man-machine interaction.
Claims (5)
1. The plane near-field antenna pattern measuring device is characterized by comprising an antenna (2) to be measured, wherein a mobile platform (3) is arranged below the antenna (2) to be measured, a frequency spectrum receiver (4) is arranged on the mobile platform (3), the frequency spectrum receiver (4) is respectively connected with a waveguide probe (5) and a computer (6), and the antenna (2) to be measured is also sequentially connected with a power amplifier (7) and a radio frequency signal transmitter (8); the computer (6) is connected with the mobile platform (3).
2. The planar near field antenna pattern measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna (2) to be measured is fixed by a low scattering telescopic antenna support (1).
3. The planar near-field antenna pattern measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, firstly, enabling a computer (6), a spectrum receiver (4) and a mobile platform (3) to be located under the same IP address, and detecting whether the computer (6) and the mobile platform are connected with each other by using a PING command, and after the computer (6) receives replies of the spectrum receiver (4) and the mobile platform (3), connecting the computer successfully;
step 2, setting a frequency band, first scanning space ranges X and Y and scanning distance intervals on the computer (6), wherein the radio frequency signal transmitter (8) generates a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the antenna (2) to be detected through the power amplifier (7), the waveguide probe (5) detects electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the antenna (2) to be detected, and the frequency spectrum receiver (4) converts signals acquired by the waveguide probe (5) into field intensity data; the computer (6) plans a path according to the first scanning space ranges X and Y and the scanning distance interval, scans in a preset frequency band, and acquires field intensity;
step 3, the computer (6) finds out the maximum point of the field intensity according to the scanning result and determines the center position of the field intensity;
step 4, judging whether the field intensity central position is the central position of the scanning space range, if so, carrying out the next step; if not, resetting the scanning space ranges X and Y according to the position of the field intensity center, planning a path, and carrying out the next scanning;
and 5, after the scanning is completed, the computer (6) draws the field intensity data of each frequency band into an electric field direction diagram to obtain a planar near field antenna direction diagram.
4. The method for measuring a planar near field antenna pattern according to claim 3, wherein the specific process of path planning in step 2 is: and when the vertical scanning space reaches Y, scanning is completed once, so that an S-shaped path is formed.
5. A planar near field antenna pattern measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that before step 1, its near field distance is adjusted by means of a low scattering telescopic antenna support (1) according to the size, frequency of the antenna (2) to be measured.
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