CN116378666A - Full-continuous coal mining layered mining system and layered mining method for open pit coal mine - Google Patents
Full-continuous coal mining layered mining system and layered mining method for open pit coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
- E21C47/02—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines for coal, brown coal, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
- E21C25/10—Rods; Drums
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/68—Machines for making slits combined with equipment for removing, e.g. by loading, material won by other means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/04—Bulk
- B65G2201/045—Sand, soil and mineral ore
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full continuous coal mining layered mining system of an opencast coal mine, which comprises a full continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor arranged on the outer side of a coal seam highwall, a displacement belt conveyor vertically connected with the fixed belt conveyor, an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system and a cooperative control system, wherein the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are detachably arranged on the displacement belt conveyor in a movable manner; the cooperative control system is used for controlling the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system to independently finish coal mining along the coal seam working face mining direction, crushing, transferring or cooperatively controlling the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam to reciprocally cut the coal seam working face in opposite directions on the displacement type belt conveyor according to the requirements of the coal seam cutting working targets, so as to finish full-coverage transfer and continuous coal transportation, and simultaneously coordinate the displacement type belt conveyor to perform peristaltic sectional sliding, adjust the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width, and form continuous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of large open-pit coal mining, in particular to a full-continuous coal mining and layer mining system and a layer mining method of a large open-pit coal mine.
Background
The surface mining has the characteristics of large production scale, high labor productivity, high resource extraction rate, safe production and good occupational health and safety conditions, so the surface mining becomes the preferential choice of resource mining, and by 2020, the surface mining accounts for about 17% of the coal yield in China, and the center of gravity of the coal mining in China is accelerated to be continuously shifted to western regions such as Xinjiang.
However, the total stripping amount of the open pit coal mine single bucket-truck intermittent mining process in China is more than 85%, and the continuous and semi-continuous mining processes are less in application, so that the technical equipment and the mining process have the following defects:
1) Discontinuous operation and low comprehensive efficiency. At present, perforation blasting, single bucket digging, truck transportation and semi-fixed crushing stations are adopted, and the semi-continuous mining process is low in overall efficiency.
2) High cost and high safety pressure. The truck is adopted for transportation, so that the cost is high, and the safety pressure is high. Firstly, the transportation cost accounts for 40% -60% of the total exploitation cost; secondly, the 220t mining dump truck for main mining transportation and the 50t small off-highway dump truck for upper earth stripping operation have the problem of cross traffic, and have certain potential safety hazards; thirdly, a truck at least needs 2 full-time drivers, and the problem of difficult work calling exists in individual time.
3) The production balance is poor. The extreme climate affects the balanced operation of the truck, is affected by the weather such as rainfall, snowfall and the like, cannot work in rainy and snowy weather, and needs a certain time for production recovery.
4) Initiating explosive device management is limited. The traditional perforation blasting mode is adopted to crush the coal and rock, and because of strict initiating explosive devices are issued and used and managed, the initiating explosive devices are blasted and controlled in the great festival of China such as spring festival, national celebration and the like, and balanced production cannot be carried out.
5) The environmental protection pressure is high. A large amount of smoke dust is generated in perforation, blasting, loading and transportation, waste gas is generated in truck transportation, the fuel consumption is large, the energy consumption is high, and the environmental pollution is serious.
6) The equipment has the advantages of multiple assorted types and quantity, high purchase cost and high fund pressure. The whole equipment of the electric shovel, the auxiliary hydraulic shovel and the mining dump truck has larger one-time investment.
7) The automation and informatization level of the mine is relatively low, and the intelligent construction foundation is weak.
Aiming at the defects or shortages of the prior art, the invention synthesizes experiences and achievements of related industries for a long time, tightly buckles the key technology of efficient, green, safe and less open pit mining, develops an open pit coal mine full continuous mining system integrating continuous mining, crushing, transferring and transporting operations and solves the problems of full continuous mining process, equipment, control and safe operation of the open pit coal mine, and the development of the system is to promote, innovate, integrate and break through the existing open pit coal mine mining process, technology and matched equipment, construct a new intelligent open pit coal mine mining system, form an efficient and green open pit coal mine mining demonstration, and has important theoretical and practical significance for guaranteeing and promoting the intelligent construction of the open pit coal mine in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of discontinuous operation, high mining cost, high safety pressure, poor production balance, limited initiating explosive device management, high environmental protection pressure, multiple types and numbers of matched equipment and low automation and informatization level of the existing open pit coal mining technology and equipment, and provides a full-continuous open pit coal mining system and a layered mining method thereof.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the full continuous mining layered mining system of the opencast coal mine comprises a full continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor arranged on the outer side of a coal seam highwall, and a displacement belt conveyor vertically connected with the fixed belt conveyor, wherein the displacement belt conveyor is arranged along the mining length direction of a coal seam working face, and further comprises an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system and a cooperative control system, wherein the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are detachably arranged on the displacement belt conveyor in a movable manner; the cooperative control system is used for controlling the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system to independently finish coal mining along the coal seam working face mining direction, crushing, transferring or cooperatively controlling the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam to reciprocally and reversely Z-shaped cut the coal seam working face on the displacement type belt conveyor according to the requirement of the cutting coal seam working target, so as to finish full-coverage transferring and continuous coal conveying, and simultaneously coordinate the displacement type belt conveyor to perform peristaltic sectional sliding, and adjust the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width to form continuous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam.
The displacement type belt conveyor is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam, the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are respectively arranged at two sides of the displacement type belt conveyor in a straddling mode and in a rotatable mode, the upper coal mining system is positioned at the top of the lower coal, and the lower coal mining system is respectively arranged at the bottom plate of the coal seam and the top of the lower coal; the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system take a displacement type belt conveyor as a moving track, the upper coal mining system cuts a coal mining working face back and forth along a coal seam bottom plate, until the maximum transfer length of the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system is reached, the displacement type belt conveyor is slid in sections in parallel and peristaltic manner, and the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam are formed to be mined continuously simultaneously.
Further, the upper coal mining system at least comprises: the system comprises a first dew-mining machine, a first double-rotation transfer conveyor and a first crawler-type unloading vehicle, wherein the first crawler-type unloading vehicle straddles on a displacement type belt conveyor, the first dew-mining machine mines along the bottom of upper coal, and the mined coal is transported and transferred to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle through the first double-rotation transfer conveyor; the lower coal mining system at least comprises: the second open-mining machine, the second double-rotary transfer conveyor, the first horizontal-type transfer conveyor, the second horizontal-type transfer conveyor and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle, wherein the second crawler-type unloading vehicle straddles on the displacement type belt conveyor, the second open-mining machine, the second double-rotary transfer conveyor and the first horizontal-type transfer conveyor are in butt joint arrangement at the position of a coal seam bottom plate, the second horizontal-type transfer conveyor is arranged at the top of a lower coal seam and is positioned on the same plane with the displacement type belt conveyor, the second open-mining machine is used for mining coal along the coal seam bottom plate, and mined coal is in butt joint transportation and transfer to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle through the second double-rotary transfer conveyor, the first horizontal-type transfer conveyor and the second horizontal-type transfer conveyor in sequence; thereby realizing that the coal materials mined by the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam are uniformly transported and converged to a displacement type belt conveyor and then transported to a coal bin through a fixed belt conveyor.
And an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor is further arranged between the fixed belt conveyor and the displacement belt conveyor, so that coal material transportation and full continuous transportation are realized when the coal face has a ground potential difference.
The first dew adopts machine, second dew adopts machine includes: the crawler body is located at the bottom of the dew-mining machine, the main electric cabinet, the motor pump station and the self-circulation water tank are respectively arranged above the crawler body in parallel, the crawler body is located at the bottom of the center of the dew-mining machine, the cutting large arm is installed right in front of the dew-mining machine, the control room is located right above the dew-mining machine, the scraper conveyer is installed in the middle of the dew-mining machine, the loading scraping claw is installed at the front end of the scraper conveyer, and the crushing roller is arranged inside the scraper conveyer.
The rear part of the scraper conveyer is provided with a rotatable chute, and the maximum rotation angle is 45 degrees, so that the scraper conveyer is matched with a double-rotation reversed loader in the coal cutting process.
The first double-rotary reversed loader and the second double-rotary reversed loader comprise double-rotary travelling tracks positioned at the bottom ends of the double-rotary reversed loader, a receiving arm rotary supporting device is arranged above the double-rotary travelling tracks, receiving arms and discharging arms are respectively arranged on two sides above the rotary supporting device, wherein the receiving arms are mainly used for transporting and transferring coal materials transported by the scraper transporting device, the discharging arms are used for transporting and transferring the coal materials transported by the receiving arms, and the coal materials are transferred to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle or the first linear reversed loader and the second linear reversed loader according to the connection relation and finally are transferred to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle.
An included angle is formed between the receiving arm and the discharging arm, and the included angle ranges from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
The linear reversed loader comprises a linear walking crawler belt arranged at the bottom, a rotary supporting device for 360-degree rotation is arranged above the linear walking crawler belt, and a linear belt conveyor is arranged on the rotary supporting device.
The end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor comprises a belt conveyor paved along the relief of the coal face, and end slope walking tracks are arranged below the belt conveyor along the relief interval.
The first crawler-type unloading vehicle and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle comprise unloading vehicle travelling tracks straddling the displacement type belt conveyor, a rotary supporting structure is arranged above the unloading vehicle travelling tracks, and a belt conveyor is arranged on one side above the rotary supporting structure and used for conveying coal materials conveyed by the first double-rotary reversed loader or the second linear reversed loader in a butt joint mode to the displacement type belt conveyor.
The displacement type belt conveyor comprises a machine head, a lifting section, a conveying section and a machine tail which are connected in sequence, wherein the lifting section is used for being overlapped with the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor, the conveying section is respectively in butt joint with the first crawler-type unloading vehicle and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle, and coal unloaded by the crawler-type unloading vehicle is transferred and conveyed to the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor or the fixed type belt conveyor.
When the first crawler-type unloading vehicle and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle move in opposite directions along the displacement type belt conveyor to meet, the first crawler-type unloading vehicle is in butt joint with the first double-rotation reversed loader to be in butt joint with the second linear reversed loader; meanwhile, the second crawler-type unloading vehicle is in butt joint with the second linear transfer conveyor to be in butt joint with the first double-rotation transfer conveyor, so that the omnibearing cutting and transfer of coal materials in large angles of an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam are realized.
The collaborative control system at least comprises a data acquisition and storage module, a continuous mining process implementation control module and a three-dimensional visual display module, wherein the data acquisition and storage module further comprises a dew mining machine system, a displacement type belt conveyor system, a crawler type unloading vehicle system, a reversed loader system, an inertial navigation system, a Beidou GPS system and an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor system; the mining process implementation control module comprises a control module for preparing a working surface for cutting upper-layer coal, a control module for peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor, a control module for laying upper-layer coal and lower-layer coal layer mining working surfaces, and a continuous and simultaneous mining module for upper-layer coal and lower-layer coal; the data acquisition and storage module performs action execution and monitoring on each construction equipment of continuous mining of the open pit coal mine by positioning and acquiring information of each construction equipment of continuous mining of the open pit coal mine and combining with the continuous mining process implementation control module, and finally, the three-dimensional visual display module performs real-time on-line;
The control module for the preparation working face of the cutting upper coal specifically comprises: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness, and determining the position of an upper coal side open-cut hole; taking the position of the open cutting hole as a starting point, performing Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the side wall of the mining length section of the coal seam working surface until the working space of an upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working surface, so that an upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surface can be formed, and stopping cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity of a coal dropping area; the displacement type belt conveyor is arranged at the top of lower coal layer of a step type coal seam mining working face, and the upper coal mining system continuously cuts the coal seam along the coal mining working face in an uninterrupted and reciprocating manner, so that the upper coal working face is completely and continuously cut and transported;
the peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor control module specifically comprises:
a: the displacement type belt conveyor is subjected to subsection position calibration at equal intervals according to the machine head, the lifting section, the conveying section and the machine tail, so that each equidistant subsection is 10-30m;
b: the related auxiliary mechanical equipment of the pusher and the loader is called, and equidistant segments are sequentially pushed to the target direction from the machine head to the machine tail for 0.1-1m;
c: sequentially propelling the equidistant segments to the target direction for 0.1-1m along the tail to the head;
d: the displacement type belt conveyor is formed to circularly reciprocate peristaltic sectional sliding from beginning to end until reaching a target moving position, wherein the peristaltic sectional sliding distance is less than or equal to 25m;
the control module for laying the upper coal layer mining working face and the lower coal layer mining working face specifically comprises:
installing a lower coal mining system on a displacement type belt conveyor, wherein the arrangement process is that an upper coal mining system continuously works, and the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system form a displacement type belt conveyor as a main conveying system;
the continuous simultaneous mining module for the upper coal and the lower coal comprises: according to the working range of the maximum transfer length of each double-rotation transfer conveyor in the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system, the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width is continuously pushed, so that the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam are ensured to be continuously mined simultaneously.
The full continuous mining power supply system supplies power through a ground central transformer station, a total power transmission cable is conveyed to an end slope large-inclination angle belt conveyor through a fixed belt conveyor, and the power transmission cable is divided into three paths of cables for output through the end slope large-inclination angle belt conveyor; the first path of cable provides power for the displacement type belt conveyor through the displacement type belt conveyor; the second path of cable is conveyed to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle, the first double-rotation reversed loader and the first dew mining machine through the displacement type belt conveyor to provide power; the third cable is conveyed to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle, the second linear reversed loader, the first linear reversed loader, the second double-rotation reversed loader and the second dew mining machine through the displacement type belt conveyor to provide power.
The invention also provides a method for mining the open pit coal mine by full continuous mining and layering, which comprises the following steps:
step one: cutting the upper coal surface
S1.1: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness;
s1.2: determining the position of an upper coal side open-cut hole by combining the coal seam side wall and the coal seam thickness;
s1.3: taking the position of the open cutting hole as a starting point, performing Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the side wall of the mining length section of the coal seam working surface until the working space of an upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working surface, so that an upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surface can be formed, and stopping cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity of a coal dropping area;
s1.4: arranging a displacement type belt conveyor on the top of lower coal of a step type coal seam mining working face along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face, and continuously and reciprocally cutting the coal seam along the coal mining working face by an upper coal mining system to realize full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working face;
s1.5: when the axial direction of the upper coal mining system is vertical to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyor and the maximum transfer length state of the upper coal mining system is reached, the peristaltic type sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation working face along the width direction of the upper coal mining;
Step two: laying upper and lower coal layer mining working face
S2.1: installing a lower coal mining system on a displacement type belt conveyor;
s2.2: the upper and lower coal mining systems form a Z-shaped cutting coal bed which is formed by taking a displacement type belt conveyor as a main conveying system, and the upper and lower coal mining systems respectively comprise corresponding continuous mining machines and respectively reciprocate in opposite directions to finish the arrangement of a lower coal working surface;
step three: continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal layers
According to the working ranges of the maximum transfer lengths of the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system, the continuous pushing displacement type belt conveyor is used for continuously pushing the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width to form continuous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam.
The first step is as follows: cutting the upper coal preparation work surface further comprises:
s1.1: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness, and determining the length of a displacement type belt conveyor according to the mining length of the coal seam working surface;
s1.2: determining the side open-cut positions of the upper coal layer by combining the coal layer highwall and the coal layer thickness, wherein the side open-cut positions are symmetrically arranged along the two ends of the working face in the mining length direction; determining the height of the coal layer at the cutting position according to the height of the first dew mining machine, namely that the height of the coal layer at the cutting position is less than or equal to the cutting height of the dew mining machine;
S1.3: taking one of the open-cut positions as a starting point, the first open-cut machine carries out Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the mining length section highwall of the coal seam working face until the working space of the upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working face, namely the working space can simultaneously accommodate the following components: the device comprises a first dew mining machine, a first double-rotation reversed loader, a first crawler-type unloading vehicle and a displacement type belt conveyor; the upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surfaces can be formed, and when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity in the coal dropping area, the first dew mining machine stops cutting;
s1.4: arranging a fixed belt conveyor and an upper coal mining system along the mining length direction of a coal seam working surface, wherein a displacement belt conveyor is arranged at the top of lower coal of the step coal seam mining working surface, a first crawler-type unloading vehicle straddles the displacement belt conveyor, a first dew-mining machine mines along the bottom of the upper coal, the mined coal is transported and reloaded to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle through a first double-rotation reloading machine, and then the coal is continuously transported to the displacement belt conveyor through the first crawler-type unloading vehicle, so that the full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working surface are realized;
s1.5: when the first double-rotary transfer conveyor in the upper coal mining system is vertical to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyor and reaches the state that the first double-rotary transfer conveyor reaches the maximum transfer length, the displacement type belt conveyor slides in a peristaltic type section along the width direction of upper coal mining, and the cutting work of the upper coal preparation working face is continuously completed.
The S1.4 further comprises: along the length direction of coal seam working face exploitation, when the coal face has the ground potential difference, set up end group big inclination angle belt conveyor between fixed belt feeder and displacement type belt feeder, first dew adopts the coal material that the machine will cut off to pass through first two gyration transfer conveyor, first crawler-type dummy car, displacement type belt feeder, end group big inclination angle belt conveyor and fixed belt feeder in proper order and carries to the coal bunker.
Step two: laying the upper and lower coal layer mining working surfaces further comprises:
s2.1: the method comprises the steps that a lower coal mining system is arranged on a displacement type belt conveyor, a second crawler-type unloading vehicle straddles the displacement type belt conveyor, a second open-mining machine, a second double-rotation transfer conveyor and a first horizontal transfer conveyor are arranged at the position of a coal bed bottom plate in a butt joint mode, and the second horizontal transfer conveyor is arranged at the top of a lower coal bed and is located on the same plane with the displacement type belt conveyor;
s2.2: the second dew mining machine is used for mining coal along the coal seam bottom plate, and the mined coal sequentially passes through a second double-rotation reversed loader, a first straight reversed loader and a second straight reversed loader to be transported in a butt joint mode and to be reversed to a second crawler-type unloading car; therefore, coal materials mined by the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam are uniformly transported and converged to the displacement type belt conveyor, and then transported to a coal bin through the fixed belt conveyor, so that the arrangement of the working face of the lower coal seam is completed.
Step three: continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal layers further comprises:
when the first crawler-type unloading vehicle and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle move in opposite directions along the displacement type belt conveyor to meet, the first crawler-type unloading vehicle is in butt joint with the first double-rotation reversed loader to be in butt joint with the second linear reversed loader; meanwhile, the second crawler-type unloading vehicle is in butt joint with the second linear transfer conveyor to be in butt joint with the first double-rotation transfer conveyor, so that the omnibearing cutting and transfer of coal materials in large angles of an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam are realized; when the axial direction of the first double-rotation transfer conveyor of the upper coal mining system is vertical to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyer and the first double-rotation transfer conveyor reaches a maximum transfer length state; and the peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor is used for continuously pushing the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the mining depth of the upper coal seam, so that continuous simultaneous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam is ensured.
The invention relates to a peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor, which specifically comprises:
a: the displacement type belt conveyor is subjected to subsection position calibration at equal intervals according to the machine head, the lifting section, the conveying section and the machine tail, so that each equidistant subsection is 10-30m;
b: the related auxiliary mechanical equipment of the pusher and the loader is called, and equidistant segments are sequentially pushed to the target direction from the machine head to the machine tail for 0.1-1m;
c: sequentially propelling the equidistant segments to the target direction for 0.1-1m along the tail to the head;
d: the displacement type belt conveyor is formed by circulating reciprocating peristaltic sectional sliding from beginning to end until reaching the target moving position, and the peristaltic sectional sliding distance is less than or equal to 25m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the full continuous mining system and the layered mining method of the open pit coal mine are realized by adopting equipment such as the open pit coal mining machine, the double-rotary transfer machine, the in-line transfer machine, the crawler-type unloading vehicle, the displacement type belt conveyor, the end slope large-inclination belt conveyor, the fixed belt conveyor and the like, and the full continuous mining system and the layered mining method of the open pit coal mine have the advantages of high production efficiency, low mining cost, fewer constructors, high intelligent level and the like, and ensure the mining construction safety of the open pit coal mine. The method has the specific advantages that:
(1) And a full continuous coal mining system is adopted to realize full continuous production, transportation and transfer operation of coal materials, and the production efficiency is high.
(2) The whole full continuous coal mining system is powered by 10kV voltage, green mining is met, mining cost is low, construction staff is few, and safety pressure is low.
(3) Besides equipment overhaul, the full continuous coal mining system can realize all-weather 24-hour continuous production, and has good production balance.
(4) The dew adopts high-power cutting drum, does not need perforation blasting coal rock and can accomplish coal rock cutting operation, is not limited by traditional initiating explosive device blasting equipment, realizes balanced production throughout the year.
(5) The full continuous coal mining system is arranged at the positions where dust is easy to generate, such as roller cutting, transfer transportation and the like, spraying dust fall equipment is designed, and the system is powered by 10kV voltage as a whole, so that the system is green, economical and good in environmental protection.
(6) The full continuous coal mining system has less supporting equipment and low purchasing cost, and can meet the requirement of full continuous production tasks for many years by one investment.
(7) The full continuous coal mining system has high automation and intelligent water level, has a multi-machine intelligent cooperative control function, and realizes full-flow automation and intelligent construction operation of coal mining, crushing, transferring and transportation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an opencut full continuous miner system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the full continuous miner system of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dew mining machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a dual rotary transfer machine used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an in-line reversed loader used in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a large inclination angle belt conveyor of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a crawler-type discharge car used in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a displacement belt conveyor employed in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a cooperative control system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fully continuous mining power supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the operation of steps S1.1-S1.2 in the method for mining an open pit coal mine by full continuous miner;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the operation of step S1.3 of the method for mining an open pit coal mine in full continuous miner;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operation of step S1.4 in the method of the invention for mining coal in full continuous mining and stratified mining of an opencast coal mine;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention for mining full continuous miner in an opencast coal mine, step S1.5;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the operation of step S1.5 in the method of the invention for mining an open pit coal mine in full continuous miner;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a peristaltic stage-by-stage sliding displacement belt process;
fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the working operations of steps S2.1, S2.2 and step three in the method for mining an opencast coal mine by full continuous miner according to the present invention.
Wherein: each symbol represents the following meaning:
1. the second dew mining machine, 2, the first double-rotary transfer machine, 3, the first one-shaped transfer machine, 4, the second one-shaped transfer machine, 5, a coal bunker, 6, a fixed belt machine, 7, an end slope large-inclination belt conveyor, 8, the first dew mining machine, 9, the second double-rotary transfer machine, 10, a first crawler-type unloading car, 11, a second crawler-type unloading car, 12, a displacement belt machine, 13, a cooperative control system, 11, a cutting boom, 12, a control room, 13, a self-circulation water tank, 14, a main electric cabinet, 15, a crawler body, 16, a hydraulic pump station, 17, a loading claw, 18, a crushing roller, 19, a cable reel, 20, a scraper conveying device, 21, a receiving arm, 22, a discharging arm, 23, a rotary supporting device, 24, a double-rotary walking crawler, 31, a belt machine, 32, a one-shaped walking crawler, 33, a rotary supporting device, 71, a belt conveyor, 72, an end slope walking crawler, 101, a belt conveying device, 102, a cable reeling device, 103, 104, a lifting support device, 123, a conveyor head 121, a conveyor section, a tail section, a conveying device, a conveying section, and the like.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings so that advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the full continuous mining and layered mining system of the opencast coal mine comprises a full continuous mining power supply system, a fixed belt conveyor 6 arranged on the outer side of a coal seam highwall, a displacement belt conveyor 12 vertically connected with the fixed belt conveyor 6, wherein the displacement belt conveyor 12 is arranged along the mining length direction of a coal seam working face, and further comprises an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system and a cooperative control system, wherein the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are detachably arranged on the displacement belt conveyor 12 in a movable manner; the cooperative control system is used for controlling the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system to independently finish coal mining along the coal seam working face mining direction, crushing, transferring or cooperatively controlling the upper and lower coal seam to reciprocally and reversely Z-shaped coal seam cutting working faces on the displacement type belt conveyor 12 according to the requirement of the cutting coal seam working target, so as to finish full-coverage transfer and continuous coal conveying, and simultaneously coordinate the displacement type belt conveyor 12 to perform peristaltic sectional sliding, adjust the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 along the upper coal mining width, and form continuous mining of the upper and lower coal seams. The displacement type belt conveyor 12 is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam, the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are respectively arranged at two sides of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 in a straddling mode and in a rotatable mode, the upper coal mining system is positioned at the top of the lower coal, and the lower coal mining system is respectively arranged at the bottom plate of the coal seam and the top of the lower coal; the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system take a displacement type belt conveyor 12 as a moving track, the upper coal mining system cuts the coal mining working face back and forth along the bottom of the upper coal along the bottom plate of the coal seam until the maximum transfer length of the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system is reached, and the parallel peristaltic type sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor forms the simultaneous continuous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam. The upper coal mining system at least comprises: the first dew-mining machine 8, the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9 and the first crawler-type unloading car 10, wherein the first crawler-type unloading car 10 straddles the displacement type belt conveyor 12, the first dew-mining machine 8 mines along the bottom of the upper coal, and the mined coal is transported and transferred to the first crawler-type unloading car 10 through the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9; the lower coal mining system at least comprises: the second dew-mining machine 1, the second double-rotary transfer conveyor 2, the first horizontal-type transfer conveyor 3, the second horizontal-type transfer conveyor 4 and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11, wherein the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 straddles the displacement type belt conveyor 12, the second dew-mining machine 1, the second double-rotary transfer conveyor 2 and the first horizontal-type transfer conveyor 3 are in butt joint arrangement at the position of a coal seam bottom plate, the second horizontal-type transfer conveyor 4 is arranged at the top of a lower coal seam and is in the same plane with the displacement type belt conveyor 12, the second dew-mining machine 2 is used for mining coal along the coal seam bottom plate, and mined coal is in butt joint transportation through the second double-rotary transfer conveyor 2, the first horizontal-type transfer conveyor 3 and the second horizontal-type transfer conveyor 4 to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 in sequence; thereby realizing the unified transportation and merging of the coal materials mined by the upper and lower coal seams onto the displacement type belt conveyor 12, and then conveying the coal materials to the coal bunker 5 through the fixed belt conveyor 6.
The second dew mining machine 1 and the first dew mining machine 8 can select the machine type with the same working principle and structural characteristics. The first linear reversed loader 3 and the second linear reversed loader 4 can select the machine type with the same working principle and structure characteristics. The first double-rotary reversed loader 9 and the second double-rotary reversed loader 2 can be selected from the same machine types with the same working principle and structure characteristics.
Referring to fig. 3, the first dew-picking machine 8 and the second dew-picking machine 1 adopted by the invention comprise a cutting large arm 11, a control room 12, a self-circulation water tank 13, a main electric control box 14, a crawler body 15, a hydraulic pump station 16, a loading claw 17, a crushing roller 18, a cable drum 19 and a scraper conveyer 20. The large cutting arm 11 is arranged right in front of the dew mining machine 1, and realizes longitudinal movement along the direction of a working surface under the action of a lifting oil cylinder so as to complete the up-and-down reciprocating coal cutting operation; the control room 12 is positioned right above the dew mining machine (8, 1) so as to be convenient for observing the working state of each moving part, and various (8, 1) construction operations such as automatic coal cutting, transferring, cable winding, walking, crushing, system cooling and the like of the dew mining machine (8, 1) can be completed through the control room 12; the self-circulation water tank 13 is mainly used for cooling the cutting drum, cooling a hydraulic system and spraying dust removal; the main electric cabinet 14 is used for realizing centralized control of all executing mechanisms of the dew mining machine (8, 1) and realizing one-key operation or remote control operation of all the executing mechanisms; the crawler body 15 consists of a coal mining machine walking crawler and a vehicle body platform and is used for reciprocating motion of the coal mining machine (8, 1); the motor pump station 16 mainly comprises a motor, a hydraulic pump, an electromagnetic valve and a pipeline, so that construction of various devices is realized; the loading claw 17 is arranged at the front end of the scraper conveyor 20 and is used for loading and transferring the coal materials cut by the cutting large arm; the crushing roller 18 is arranged in the scraper conveyor 20 and is used for crushing the large coal cut by the cutting large arm 11, so that the coal mining system is convenient to transport and wash; the cable drum 19 is arranged at the right rear of the dew mining machine 1 and is used for flexibly overlapping the dew mining machine 1 with the double-rotation reversed loader 2 in the working process, and the cable drum 19 automatically judges cable reeling and unreeling according to the stress; the scraper conveyer 20 is arranged in the middle of the dew mining machine 1, and drives a scraper chain to do rotary motion through the rotation of a hydraulic motor, so that the continuous transportation of coal is realized, the yield of the dew mining machine 1 is improved, a rotatable chute is designed at the rear part of the scraper conveyer 20, and the maximum rotation angle is 45 degrees, so that the dew mining machine 1 is completely matched with a double-rotary reversed loader in the coal cutting process, and the complete transportation and lap joint of the coal are realized, and the material scattering and throwing are avoided;
Referring to fig. 4, in order to provide the structure of the dual rotary transfer conveyor according to the present invention, the first dual rotary transfer conveyor 9 and the second dual rotary transfer conveyor 2 include a receiving arm 21, a discharging arm 22, a rotary support device 23, and a dual rotary traveling crawler 24. The material receiving arm 21 is mainly used for transporting and transferring the coal materials conveyed by the scraper conveyor 20; the discharging arm 22 conveys and reloads the coal conveyed by the receiving arm 21, the discharging arm 22 conveys the coal to the first linear type reloading machine 3 and the second linear type reloading machine 4, and finally the coal is conveyed to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11; the main function of the rotary supporting device 23 is to form a certain included angle between the receiving arm 21 and the discharging arm 22, so that the construction operation range is improved, and the included angle ranges from 0 degrees to 90 degrees; the double-rotation walking crawler 22 is suitable for the movement, the moving and the transportation of the double-rotation reversed loader.
Referring to fig. 5, the in-line transfer machine 3 according to the present invention includes a belt conveyor 31, a traveling crawler 32, and a slewing bearing 33. The belt conveyor 31 is mainly used for transferring coal materials and realizing continuous transportation; the straight walking crawler 32 is used for moving, transporting and transporting the straight reversed loader 3; the rotation supporting device 33 is mainly used for realizing 360-degree rotation of the belt conveyor 31, so that the operation range is enlarged, and the transfer efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 6, in the structure of the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 10, a belt conveyor 71 laid along the relief of the coal face is adopted, and end slope walking tracks 72 are arranged below the belt conveyor 71 at intervals along the relief. The end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7 is mainly used for lifting coal materials from the pit bottom to the ground and then transferring the coal materials to the fixed belt conveyor 6; an end slope walking crawler 72 is arranged at the lower part of the belt conveyor 71, so that the end slope large-inclination belt conveyor 7 can conveniently move along the direction of the coal face, and full continuous transportation is realized.
Referring to fig. 7, the crawler-type dumper structure adopted by the invention comprises a first crawler-type dumper 10, a second crawler-type dumper 11, a belt conveyor 101, a cable winding device 102, a dumper travelling crawler 103 and a rotary supporting structure 104. The belt conveyor 101 is used for transferring the coal materials conveyed by the double-rotation reversed loader 9 or the in-line reversed loader 4 to the displacement type belt conveyor 12 through the belt conveyor 101, so that the full continuous conveying of the coal materials is realized; the cable winding device 102 is arranged at the rear part of the crawler-type unloading car 10 and is mainly used for tightening and releasing cables of the crawler-type unloading car 10 in the process of moving back and forth; the slewing bearing structure 104 is arranged right above the crawler belt, so that the belt conveyor 101 can realize 360-degree rotation, and finally, the full-continuous transportation operation of coal materials is realized; the crawler-type discharge car 10 straddles the belt conveyor 12.
Referring to fig. 8, the present invention employs a displacement belt conveyor structure, the displacement belt conveyor 12 comprising a nose 121, a lifting section 122, a transport section 123, and a tail 124. The machine head 121 mainly provides power for the displacement type belt conveyor 12, and a ground anchor device is arranged at the bottom of the machine head 121, so that the machine head is convenient to stabilize; the lifting section 122 is used for lifting the coal to a certain height so as to be conveniently overlapped with the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7, and realizing full continuous transportation operation; the conveying section 123 mainly conveys the coal discharged by the crawler-type unloading truck 10 to the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7, wherein the belt frame of the conveying section 123 is designed to be 30m in one section, so that the moving and the setting of the movable belt conveyor 12 are facilitated; the bottom of the tail 124 is provided with a ground anchor device, so that the whole machine is convenient to stabilize, and the transportation reliability and stability are improved.
Referring to fig. 9, the cooperative control system of the present invention is formed by a PLC controller, an industrial computer, a video monitoring system, and various hardware, software, and database architectures. The full continuous mining process of the strip mine is realized by integrating equipment such as a full-open mining machine, a double-rotary reversed loader, a straight reversed loader, a crawler unloading vehicle, a displacement belt conveyor and the like by utilizing a data integration platform such as an industrial communication gateway (pfield Comm), SCADA software (eForceCon) and a real-time database (pSpace), and the data can be directly displayed and alarmed in an operation station and a visual application portal in real time after being integrated by the real-time database so as to realize real-time monitoring and mastering of the safety production working condition of the full-open mining machine system and finally realize multi-machine reasonable and optimal collaborative operation among full-continuous mining equipment of the strip mine. Meanwhile, the safety production related data can be stored in a real-time database and a relational database, and a unified safety production comprehensive database of the whole mine is built so as to realize inquiry and analysis of the safety production history condition of the whole mine; and simultaneously, a basic data platform and an access interface are provided for coal mine informatization.
More specifically, the cooperative control system at least comprises a data acquisition and storage module, a continuous mining process implementation control module and a three-dimensional visual display module, wherein the data acquisition and storage module further comprises a dew mining machine system, a displacement type belt conveyor system, a crawler-type unloading vehicle system, a reversed loader system, an inertial navigation system, a Beidou GPS system and an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor system; the mining process implementation control module comprises a control module for preparing a working surface for cutting upper-layer coal, a control module for peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor, a control module for laying upper-layer coal and lower-layer coal layer mining working surfaces, and a continuous and simultaneous mining module for upper-layer coal and lower-layer coal; the data acquisition and storage module performs action execution and monitoring on each construction equipment of continuous mining of the open pit coal mine by positioning and acquiring information of each construction equipment of continuous mining of the open pit coal mine and combining with the continuous mining process implementation control module, and finally, the three-dimensional visual display module performs real-time on-line;
the control module for the preparation working face of the cutting upper coal specifically comprises: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness, and determining the position of an upper coal side open-cut hole; taking the position of the open cutting hole as a starting point, performing Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the side wall of the mining length section of the coal seam working surface until the working space of an upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working surface, so that an upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surface can be formed, and stopping cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity of a coal dropping area; the displacement type belt conveyor is arranged at the top of lower coal layer of a step type coal seam mining working face, and the upper coal mining system continuously cuts the coal seam along the coal mining working face in an uninterrupted and reciprocating manner, so that the upper coal working face is completely and continuously cut and transported;
The peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor control module specifically comprises:
a: the displacement type belt conveyor 12 is subjected to subsection position calibration at equal intervals according to a machine head 121, a lifting section 122, a conveying section 123 and a machine tail 124, so that each equidistant subsection is 10-30m;
b: invoking related auxiliary mechanical equipment of the pusher and the loader, and sequentially propelling equidistant segments to a target direction for 0.1-1m from a nose 121 to a tail 124;
c: sequentially propelling the equidistant segments to the target direction by 0.1-1m along the tail 124 to the nose 121;
d: thereby forming a reciprocating peristaltic sectional sliding of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 from beginning to end until reaching a target moving position, wherein the peristaltic sectional sliding distance is less than or equal to 25m;
the control module for laying the upper coal layer mining working face and the lower coal layer mining working face specifically comprises:
installing a lower coal mining system on a displacement type belt conveyor, wherein the arrangement process is that an upper coal mining system continuously works, and the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system form a displacement type belt conveyor as a main conveying system;
the continuous simultaneous mining module for the upper coal and the lower coal comprises: according to the working range of the maximum transfer length of each double-rotation transfer conveyor in the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system, the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width is continuously pushed, so that the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam are ensured to be continuously mined simultaneously.
Referring to FIG. 10, a schematic diagram of the power supply of the fully continuous mining power supply system of the invention; the full continuous mining power supply system of the opencast coal mine mainly provides power by a ground central transformer substation, and a total power transmission cable is transmitted to an end slope large-inclination belt conveyor 7 through a fixed belt conveyor 6. The power supply cable is divided into three paths of cable outputs through the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7:
the first cable is conveyed to the machine head 121 through the side cable hooks of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 to provide power for the displacement type belt conveyor 12, and 70m is adopted according to power calculation and communication requirements 2 Three-in-one optical fiber cable;
the second path of cable is conveyed to a high-voltage control switch (one is led into two wires) arranged on the first crawler-type unloading truck 10 through a side cable hook of the displacement type belt conveyor 12, one wire outlet of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected to a driving motor of the first crawler-type unloading truck 10, the other wire outlet is connected with a cable drum 102, the cable is connected to the high-voltage control switch (one is led into two wires) on the second double-rotation transfer conveyor 9 through the cable drum 102, one wire outlet of the high-voltage control switch is connected to a driving motor of the second double-rotation transfer conveyor, the other wire outlet is conveyed to a cable drum of the first dew-mining machine 8 through a receiving arm and a side wall hook of the discharging arm of the second double-rotation transfer conveyor 9, the wire outlet is connected to the driving motor of the hydraulic pump station through the cable drum wire outlet, the first dew-mining machine 8 is powered, and 95m is adopted according to power calculation and communication requirements 2 Three-in-one optical fiber cable;
the third cable is conveyed to a high-voltage control switch (one-inlet wire and two-outlet wire) on the second crawler-type unloading car 11 through a cable hook on the side wall of the displacement type belt conveyor 12, one outlet wire of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected to a driving motor of the second crawler-type unloading car 11, the other outlet wire of the high-voltage control switch is connected to a cable drum on the second crawler-type unloading car 11, the cable is connected to the high-voltage control switch (one-inlet wire and two-outlet wire) on the second linear type reversed loader 4 through the cable drum, one outlet wire of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected to the driving motor of the second linear type reversed loader 4, the other outlet wire of the high-voltage control switch is connected to the high-voltage control switch (one-inlet wire and two-outlet wire) on the first linear type reversed loader 3, and one outlet wire of the high-voltage control switch is directly connected toThe hydraulic power generation system is connected to a driving motor of a first horizontal reversed loader 3, the other wire is connected to a high-voltage control switch (one wire is led into two wires) on a first double-rotation reversed loader 2, one wire is directly connected to the driving motor of the first double-rotation reversed loader 2, the other wire is connected to a cable drum 19 on a second dew-mining machine 1, the wire is connected to a hydraulic pump station 16 driving motor of the second dew-mining machine 1 through the cable drum 19, power is provided for the second dew-mining machine 1, and 95m is adopted according to power calculation and communication requirements 2 Three-in-one optical fiber cable.
Referring to fig. 11, the invention further discloses a method for mining the open pit coal mine by full continuous mining and layer mining, which comprises the following steps: cutting the upper coal surface
S1.1: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness, and determining the length of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 according to the mining length of the coal seam working surface;
s1.2: determining the side open-cut positions of the upper coal layer by combining the coal layer highwall and the coal layer thickness, wherein the side open-cut positions are symmetrically arranged along the two ends of the working face in the mining length direction; determining the height of the coal layer at the cutting position according to the height of the first dew mining machine 8, namely, the height of the coal layer at the cutting position is less than or equal to the cutting height of the dew mining machine;
the first dew mining machine 8 is adopted to open and cut 24 multiplied by 24m at the initial position, so that the turning requirement of the first dew mining machine 8 is met; cutting the first coal cutter by using the first dew mining machine 8 from right to left, and keeping a safe distance between the first dew mining machine 8 and a coal dropping area of 3 m; after cutting is finished, cutting eyes are opened at the final position for 24 multiplied by 24m, so that the turning requirement of the first dew mining machine 8 is met; after turning around, cutting from left to right is started; meanwhile, auxiliary equipment such as a bulldozer, a loader and the like are adopted to shovel and convey the coal cut by the dew mining machine to a coal dropping area (namely, pit bottom).
Referring to fig. 12, S1.3: taking one of the open-cut positions as a starting point, the first dew mining machine 8 carries out Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the mining length section highwall of the coal seam working face until the working space of the upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working face, namely the working space can simultaneously accommodate the following components: the first dew mining machine 8, the first double-rotation reversed loader 9, the first crawler-type unloading car 10 and the displacement type belt conveyor 12; the upper and lower stepped coal seam mining working surfaces can be formed, and when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity in the coal dropping area (namely the pit bottom), the first dew mining machine 8 stops cutting.
Referring to fig. 13, S1.4: starting to cut coal from right to left by using the first dew mining machine 8, and throwing the coal cut by the first dew mining machine 8 to a coal dropping area (namely a pit bottom) by using a second double-rotation reversed loader; arranging a fixed belt conveyor 6 and an upper coal mining system along the mining length direction of a coal seam working surface, wherein a displacement type belt conveyor 12 is arranged at the top of lower coal of the step type coal seam mining working surface, a first crawler type unloading truck 10 straddles the displacement type belt conveyor 12, a first open-coal mining machine 8 mines coal along the bottom of the upper coal, the mined coal is transported and reloaded to the first crawler type unloading truck 10 through a first double-rotation reloading machine 9, and then the coal is continuously transported to the displacement type belt conveyor 12 through the first crawler type unloading truck 10, so that the full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working surface are realized; when the coal face has a ground potential difference, an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7 is arranged between the fixed belt conveyor 6 and the displacement belt conveyor 12, and the first dew mining machine 8 sequentially conveys the cut coal blocks to the coal storage bin 5 through the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9, the first crawler-type unloading car 10, the displacement belt conveyor 12, the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7 and the fixed belt conveyor 6.
Referring to fig. 14, S1.5: at the moment, the displacement type belt conveyor 12, the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 7 and the fixed type belt conveyor 6 are assembled, and the assembly time is 4-cutter coal cutting time; the ninth coal cutter is cut from right to left by using the second double-rotation reversed loader 9 matched with the first dew-mining machine 8, and the cut coal is conveyed to the coal storage bin 5 through the scraper conveyer 20, the first double-rotation reversed loader 9, the displacement belt conveyor 12, the end slope large-inclination belt conveyor 7 and the fixed belt conveyor 6 of the first dew-mining machine 8.
Referring to fig. 15, when the first double-rotary transfer conveyor 9 in the upper coal mining system is axially perpendicular to the displacement type belt conveyor 12 and reaches a state in which the first double-rotary transfer conveyor 9 reaches a maximum transfer length, the displacement type belt conveyor 12 is peristaltic-type and sectional-sliding along the width direction of upper coal mining, and the upper coal preparation working face cutting work is continuously completed.
If the first dew mining machine 8 has a mining width of 6m and a total full-continuous mining width of 54m, the next time the displacement type belt conveyor 12 is arranged 25m away from the upper coal side according to the equipment mining amount and size.
Referring to fig. 16, in the method for mining the open pit coal mine by full continuous miner layer mining, the displacement type belt conveyor 12 is very long, so that the moving workload is very large, and the whole mining system is stable and reliable without influencing the mining process. The invention carefully designs a peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a: the displacement type belt conveyor 12 is subjected to subsection position calibration at equal intervals according to a machine head 121, a lifting section 122, a conveying section 123 and a machine tail 124, so that each equidistant subsection is 10-30m;
b: invoking related auxiliary mechanical equipment of the pusher and the loader, and sequentially propelling equidistant segments to a target direction for 0.1-1m from a nose 121 to a tail 124;
c: sequentially propelling the equidistant segments to the target direction by 0.1-1m along the tail 124 to the nose 121;
d: thereby forming a reciprocating peristaltic stage-wise slip of the displacement belt conveyor 12 from end to end until reaching the target moving position, said peristaltic stage-wise slip distance being less than or equal to 25m.
Specifically, considering the problem of shifting, the frame of the displacement belt conveyor 12 is designed as a segmented structure, and each segment of frame is designed as 30m. Therefore, the auxiliary mechanical equipment of the pusher and the loader is utilized to move the machine head 121 forward by 0.5m from right to left, then the auxiliary mechanical equipment is utilized to move the lifting section 122 close to the machine head forward by 0.5m, then the conveying section 123 is moved forward by 0.5m, then the tail 124 is moved forward by 0.5m, further the tail 124 is moved forward by 0.5m from left to right, and then the conveying section 123 is moved forward by 0.5m, so that the reciprocating forward movement of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 is gradually completed, and finally the displacement type belt conveyor is moved to a position 25m away from the upper coal side.
Referring to fig. 17, step two: laying the upper and lower coal layer mining working surfaces further comprises:
s2.1: the method comprises the steps that a lower coal mining system is installed on a displacement type belt conveyor, a second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 straddles on a displacement type belt conveyor 12, a second open-mining machine 1, a second double-rotation reversed loader 2 and a first reversed loader 3 are arranged at the position of a coal seam bottom plate in a butt joint mode, and a second reversed loader 4 is arranged at the top of a lower coal seam and is in the same plane with the displacement type belt conveyor 12;
s2.2: the second dew mining machine 2 is used for mining coal along a coal seam bottom plate, and mined coal materials are transported in a butt joint mode and transferred to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 through the second double-rotation transfer conveyor 2, the first linear transfer conveyor 3 and the second linear transfer conveyor 4 in sequence; thereby realizing the unified transportation and merging of the coal materials exploited by the upper and lower coal layers onto the displacement type belt conveyor 12, and then conveying the coal materials to the coal bin 5 through the fixed belt conveyor 6, thereby completing the arrangement of the working face of the lower coal layer.
Step three: continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal layers further comprises:
when the first crawler-type unloading vehicle 10 and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 move along the displacement type belt conveyor 12 to meet each other in opposite directions, the first crawler-type unloading vehicle 10 is in butt joint with the first double-rotation reversed loader 9 to be in butt joint with the second in-line reversed loader 4; meanwhile, the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 is in butt joint with the second linear transfer conveyor 4 to be in butt joint with the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9, so that the omnibearing cutting and transfer of coal in large angles of an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam are realized; when the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9 of the upper coal mining system is perpendicular to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyor 12 and reaches a state that the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9 reaches the maximum transfer length; and the peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor is used for continuously pushing the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the mining depth of the upper coal seam, so that continuous simultaneous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam is ensured.
In the process of transferring, transporting and unloading, the first crawler-type unloading vehicle 10 and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 can realize the construction operation of exchanging the equipment positions according to the relative positions of the second dew mining machine 1, the first dew mining machine 8 and the displacement type transferring machine 12. Namely: when the first crawler-type unloading vehicle 10 and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle 11 move along the displacement type belt conveyor 12 to meet each other in opposite directions, the first crawler-type unloading vehicle 10 is in butt joint with the first double-rotation reversed loader 9 to be in butt joint with the second in-line reversed loader 4; meanwhile, the second crawler-type unloading car 11 is in butt joint with the second linear transfer conveyor 4 to be in butt joint with the first double-rotation transfer conveyor 9, so that the omnibearing cutting and transfer of coal in large angles of an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam are realized.
Claims (21)
1. The utility model provides a full continuous miner's layering mining system of opencast coal mine, includes full continuous miner's power supply system, sets up fixed belt feeder (6) in the coal seam highwall outside, with fixed belt feeder (6) perpendicular continuous displacement type belt feeder (12), displacement type belt feeder (12) set up its characterized in that along coal seam working face exploitation length direction: the system also comprises an upper coal mining system, a lower coal mining system and a cooperative control system, wherein the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are detachably and movably arranged on the displacement type belt conveyor (12); the cooperative control system is used for controlling the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system to independently finish coal mining, crushing and transferring along the coal seam working face or cooperatively controlling the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam to reciprocally and reversely Z-shaped cut the coal seam working face on the displacement type belt conveyor (12) according to the working target requirements of the cut coal seam, so as to finish full-coverage transfer and continuous coal transportation, and simultaneously coordinate the displacement type belt conveyor (12) to perform peristaltic sectional sliding, and adjust the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor (12) along the upper coal mining width to form continuous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam.
2. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 1, wherein: the displacement type belt conveyor (12) is arranged at the top of the lower coal seam, the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system are respectively arranged at two sides of the displacement type belt conveyor (12) in a straddling mode and a rotatable mode, wherein the upper coal mining system is positioned at the top of the lower coal, and the lower coal mining system is respectively arranged at the bottom plate of the coal seam and the top of the lower coal; the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system take a displacement type belt conveyor (12) as a moving track, the upper coal mining system cuts the coal mining working face back and forth along the bottom of the upper coal along the bottom plate of the coal seam until the maximum transfer length of the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system is reached, and the parallel peristaltic type sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor forms the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam to be mined continuously simultaneously.
3. The open pit coal mining full continuous miner layer mining system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper coal mining system at least comprises: the system comprises a first dew mining machine (8), a first double-rotation transfer conveyor (9) and a first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10), wherein the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) straddles a displacement type belt conveyor (12), the first dew mining machine (8) is used for mining coal along the bottom of upper coal, and mined coal is transported and transferred to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) through the first double-rotation transfer conveyor (9); the lower coal mining system at least comprises: the second open mining machine (1), the second double-rotary transfer conveyor (2), the first horizontal transfer conveyor (3), the second horizontal transfer conveyor (4) and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11), wherein the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) straddles the displacement type belt conveyor (12), the second open mining machine (1), the second double-rotary transfer conveyor (2) and the first horizontal transfer conveyor (3) are in butt joint arrangement at the position of a coal seam bottom plate, the second horizontal transfer conveyor (4) is arranged at the top of a lower coal seam and is in the same plane with the displacement type belt conveyor (12), the second open mining machine (1) is used for mining coal along the coal seam bottom plate, and the mined coal sequentially passes through the second double-rotary transfer conveyor (2), the first horizontal transfer conveyor (3) and the second horizontal transfer conveyor (4) to be in butt joint transportation and transfer to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11); thereby realizing the unified transportation and merging of coal materials mined by the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam onto a displacement type belt conveyor (12), and then conveying the coal materials to a coal bunker (5) through a fixed belt conveyor (6).
4. A strip mining system for full continuous miner in an opencut mine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor (7) is further arranged between the fixed belt conveyor (6) and the displacement belt conveyor (12) and used for lifting coal materials from the pit bottom to the ground so as to realize coal block transportation and full continuous transportation.
5. A strip mining system for full continuous miner in an opencut mine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first dew adopts machine (8), second dew adopts machine (1) include: the automatic cutting machine comprises a crawler body (15), a control room (12), a cutting large arm (11), a self-circulation water tank (13), a main electric cabinet (14), a hydraulic pump station (16), a loading claw (17), a crushing roller (18) and a scraper conveyer (20), wherein the crawler body (15) is arranged at the bottom of a dew-mining machine (8, 1), the main electric cabinet (14), the motor pump station (16) and the self-circulation water tank (13) are respectively arranged above the crawler body (15) in parallel, the self-circulation water tank is arranged at the central bottom of the dew-mining machine (8, 1), the cutting large arm (11) is arranged right in front of the dew-mining machine (8, 1), the control room (12) is arranged right above the dew-mining machine (8, 1), the scraper conveyer (20) is arranged in the middle of the dew-mining machine (8, 1), the loading claw (17) is arranged at the front end of the scraper conveyer (20), and the crushing roller (18) is arranged inside the scraper conveyer (20).
6. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 5, wherein: the rear part of the scraper conveyer (20) is provided with a rotatable chute with a maximum rotation angle of 45 degrees, and the rotatable chute is used for matching the dew mining machine (8, 1) with the double-rotation reversed loader (9, 2) in the coal cutting process.
7. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 5, wherein: the first double-rotary reversed loader (9) and the second double-rotary reversed loader (2) comprise double-rotary walking tracks (24) positioned at the bottom ends of the double-rotary reversed loader (9, 2), a receiving arm (21) rotary supporting device (23) is arranged above the double-rotary walking tracks (24), receiving arms (21) and discharging arms (22) are respectively arranged at two sides above the rotary supporting device (23), the receiving arms (21) are mainly used for transporting and transferring coal materials conveyed by the scraper transporting device (20), the discharging arms (22) are used for transporting and transferring the coal materials transported by the receiving arms (21), and the coal materials are transferred to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) or the first in-line reversed loader (3) and the second in-line reversed loader (4) according to connection relations, and finally are transferred to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11).
8. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 7, wherein: an included angle is formed between the receiving arm (21) and the discharging arm (22), and the included angle ranges from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
9. A strip mining system for full continuous miner in an opencut mine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the linear reversed loader (3, 4) comprises a linear walking crawler belt (32) arranged at the bottom, a rotary supporting device (33) for 360-degree rotation is arranged above the linear walking crawler belt (32), and a linear belt conveyor (31) is arranged on the rotary supporting device (33).
10. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 4, wherein: the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor (7) comprises a belt conveyor (71) paved along the relief of the coal face, and end slope walking tracks (72) are arranged below the belt conveyor (71) along the relief interval.
11. A strip mining system for full continuous miner in an opencut mine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) comprise an unloading vehicle traveling crawler (103) straddling a displacement type belt conveyor (12), a rotary supporting structure (104) is arranged above the unloading vehicle traveling crawler (103), and a belt conveyor (101) is arranged on one side above the rotary supporting structure (104) and used for conveying coal materials conveyed by the first double-rotary reversed loader (9) or the second linear reversed loader (4) in a butt joint mode to the displacement type belt conveyor (12).
12. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 4, wherein: the displacement type belt conveyor (12) comprises a machine head (121), a lifting section (122), a conveying section (123) and a machine tail (124) which are sequentially connected, wherein the lifting section (122) is used for being overlapped with the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor (7), the conveying section (123) is respectively in butt joint with the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11), and coal materials unloaded by the crawler-type unloading vehicles (10, 11) are transferred and conveyed to the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor (7) or the fixed type belt conveyor (6).
13. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 11, wherein: when the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) move and meet in opposite directions along the displacement type belt conveyor (12), the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) is in butt joint with the first double-rotary reversed loader (9) to be in butt joint with the second linear reversed loader (4); meanwhile, the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) is in butt joint with the second linear transfer conveyor (4) to be in butt joint with the first double-rotation transfer conveyor (9), so that the omnibearing cutting and transfer of coal materials at a large angle of an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam are realized.
14. The open pit coal mine full continuous miner layer mining system of claim 4, wherein: the collaborative control system at least comprises a data acquisition and storage module, a continuous mining process implementation control module and a three-dimensional visual display module, wherein the data acquisition and storage module further comprises a dew mining machine system, a displacement type belt conveyor system, a crawler type unloading vehicle system, a reversed loader system, an inertial navigation system, a Beidou GPS system and an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor system; the mining process implementation control module comprises a control module for preparing a working surface for cutting upper-layer coal, a control module for peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor, a control module for laying upper-layer coal and lower-layer coal layer mining working surfaces, and a continuous and simultaneous mining module for upper-layer coal and lower-layer coal; the data acquisition and storage module performs action execution and monitoring on each construction equipment of continuous mining of the open pit coal mine by positioning and acquiring information of each construction equipment of continuous mining of the open pit coal mine and combining with the continuous mining process implementation control module, and finally, the three-dimensional visual display module performs real-time on-line;
The control module for the preparation working face of the cutting upper coal specifically comprises: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness, and determining the position of an upper coal side open-cut hole; taking the position of the open cutting hole as a starting point, performing Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the side wall of the mining length section of the coal seam working surface until the working space of an upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working surface, so that an upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surface can be formed, and stopping cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity of a coal dropping area; the displacement type belt conveyor is arranged at the top of lower coal layer of a step type coal seam mining working face, and the upper coal mining system continuously cuts the coal seam along the coal mining working face in an uninterrupted and reciprocating manner, so that the upper coal working face is completely and continuously cut and transported;
the peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor control module specifically comprises:
a: the displacement type belt conveyor (12) is subjected to subsection position calibration at equal intervals according to a machine head (121), a lifting section (122), a conveying section (123) and a machine tail (124), so that each equidistant subsection is 10-30m;
b: invoking related auxiliary mechanical equipment of a pusher and a loader, and sequentially propelling equidistant segments to a target direction from a machine head (121) to a machine tail (124) by 0.1-1m;
c: sequentially propelling the equidistant segments to the target direction by 0.1-1m along the tail (124) to the nose (121);
d: thereby forming a reciprocating peristaltic sectional sliding of the displacement type belt conveyor (12) from beginning to end until reaching a target moving position, wherein the peristaltic sectional sliding distance is less than or equal to 25m;
the control module for laying the upper coal layer mining working face and the lower coal layer mining working face specifically comprises:
installing a lower coal mining system on a displacement type belt conveyor, wherein the arrangement process is that an upper coal mining system continuously works, and the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system form a displacement type belt conveyor as a main conveying system;
the continuous simultaneous mining module for the upper coal and the lower coal comprises: according to the working range of the maximum transfer length of each double-rotation transfer conveyor in the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system, the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width is continuously pushed, so that the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam are ensured to be continuously mined simultaneously.
15. The open pit coal mining full-continuous miner layer mining system of claim 14, wherein: the full continuous mining power supply system supplies power through a ground central transformer substation, a total power transmission cable is conveyed to an end slope large-inclination angle belt conveyor (7) through a fixed belt conveyor (6), and the power transmission cable is divided into three paths of cable output through the end slope large-inclination angle belt conveyor (7); the first path of cable provides power for the displacement type belt conveyor (12) through the displacement type belt conveyor (12); the second path of cable is conveyed to a first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10), a first double-rotation reversed loader (9) and a first dew mining machine (8) through a displacement type belt conveyor (12) to provide power; the third cable is conveyed to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11), the second linear reversed loader (4), the first reversed loader (3), the second double-rotation reversed loader (2) and the second open-mining machine (1) through the displacement type belt conveyor (12) to provide power.
16. A method of full continuous miner in an opencast mine using the full continuous miner mining system of any one of claims 1-15, the method comprising the steps of:
step one: cutting the upper coal surface
S1.1: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness;
s1.2: determining the position of an upper coal side open-cut hole by combining the coal seam side wall and the coal seam thickness;
s1.3: taking the position of the open cutting hole as a starting point, performing Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the side wall of the mining length section of the coal seam working surface until the working space of an upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working surface, so that an upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surface can be formed, and stopping cutting when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity of a coal dropping area;
s1.4: arranging a displacement type belt conveyor (12) at the top of lower coal of a step type coal seam mining working face along the mining length direction of the coal seam working face, and continuously and reciprocally cutting the coal seam along the coal seam working face by an upper coal mining system to realize full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working face;
s1.5: when the axial direction of the upper coal mining system is vertical to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyor and the maximum transfer length state of the upper coal mining system is reached, the peristaltic type sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor continuously completes the cutting work of the upper coal preparation working face along the width direction of the upper coal mining;
Step two: laying upper and lower coal layer mining working face
S2.1: installing a lower coal mining system on a displacement type belt conveyor;
s2.2: the upper and lower coal mining systems are formed by taking a displacement type belt conveyor (12) as a main conveying system, and each of the upper and lower coal mining systems comprises a corresponding continuous mining machine which cuts a coal bed in a Z shape in a reciprocating way respectively in opposite directions, so that the arrangement of a lower coal working face is completed;
step three: continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal layers
According to the working ranges of the maximum transfer lengths of the upper coal mining system and the lower coal mining system, the continuous pushing displacement type belt conveyor is used for continuously pushing the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the upper coal mining width to form continuous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam.
17. The method of partial mining of open pit coal mine full continuous miner of claim 16, wherein step one: cutting the upper coal preparation work surface further comprises:
s1.1: determining an upper coal working surface according to the coal seam highwall and the coal seam thickness, and determining the length of a displacement type belt conveyor (12) according to the mining length of the coal seam working surface;
s1.2: determining the side open-cut positions of the upper coal layer by combining the coal layer highwall and the coal layer thickness, wherein the side open-cut positions are symmetrically arranged along the two ends of the working face in the mining length direction; determining the height of the coal layer at the cutting position according to the height of the first open-cut mining machine (8), wherein the height of the coal layer at the cutting position is less than or equal to the cutting height of the open-cut mining machine;
S1.3: taking one of the open-cut positions as a starting point, the first open-cut machine (8) carries out Z-shaped reciprocating cutting along the side wall of the mining length section of the coal seam working face until the working space of the upper coal mining system is reserved on the upper coal working face, namely the working space can simultaneously accommodate the following components: the device comprises a first dew mining machine (8), a first double-rotation reversed loader (9), a first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) and a displacement type belt conveyor (12); the upper and lower step type coal seam mining working surfaces can be formed, and when the upper coal is cut to the minimum coal quantity in the coal dropping area, the first dew mining machine (8) stops cutting;
s1.4: arranging a fixed belt conveyor (6) and an upper coal mining system along the mining length direction of a coal seam working surface, wherein a displacement belt conveyor (12) is arranged at the top of lower coal of the step-type coal seam mining working surface, a first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) straddles the displacement belt conveyor (12), a first open-coal machine (8) is used for mining coal along the bottom of the upper coal, the mined coal is transported and transferred to the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) through a first double-rotation transfer conveyor (9), and then the mined coal is continuously transported to the displacement belt conveyor (12) through the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10), so that the full continuous cutting and transportation of the upper coal working surface are realized;
S1.5: when the first double-rotary transfer conveyor (9) in the upper coal mining system is perpendicular to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyor (12) and reaches a state that the first double-rotary transfer conveyor (9) reaches the maximum transfer length, the displacement type belt conveyor (12) slides in a peristaltic type section along the width direction of upper coal mining, and the cutting work of an upper coal preparation working face is continuously completed.
18. The method for mining the surface coal mine full continuous miner according to claim 17, wherein: the S1.4 further comprises: along the mining length direction of a coal seam working face, when the coal seam working face has a ground potential difference, an end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor (7) is arranged between a fixed belt conveyor (6) and a displacement belt conveyor (12), and a first dew mining machine (8) sequentially conveys cut coal blocks to a coal storage bin (5) through a first double-rotation transfer conveyor (9), a first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10), the displacement belt conveyor (12), the end slope large-inclination-angle belt conveyor (7) and the fixed belt conveyor (6).
19. The method of partial mining of open pit coal mine full continuous miner of claim 16, wherein step two: laying the upper and lower coal layer mining working surfaces further comprises:
s2.1: the method comprises the steps that a lower coal mining system is arranged on a displacement type belt conveyor, a second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) straddles the displacement type belt conveyor (12), a second open-mining machine (1), a second double-rotation reversed loader (2) and a first reversed loader (3) are arranged at the position of a coal seam bottom plate in a butt joint mode, and the second reversed loader (4) is arranged at the top of a lower coal seam and is in the same plane with the displacement type belt conveyor (12);
S2.2: the second dew mining machine (2) is used for mining coal along a coal seam bottom plate, and mined coal materials are transported in a butt joint mode and transferred to the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) through the second double-rotation transfer machine (2), the first linear transfer machine (3) and the second linear transfer machine (4) in sequence; thereby realizing the unified transportation and merging of coal materials exploited by the upper and lower coal layers onto a displacement type belt conveyor (12), and then conveying the coal materials to a coal bin (5) through a fixed belt conveyor (6), thereby completing the arrangement of the working surface of the lower coal layer.
20. The method of partial mining of open pit coal mine full continuous miner of claim 16, wherein step three: continuous simultaneous mining of upper and lower coal layers further comprises:
when the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) and the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) move and meet in opposite directions along the displacement type belt conveyor (12), the first crawler-type unloading vehicle (10) is in butt joint with the first double-rotary reversed loader (9) to be in butt joint with the second linear reversed loader (4); meanwhile, the second crawler-type unloading vehicle (11) is in butt joint with the second linear transfer conveyor (4) to be in butt joint with the first double-rotation transfer conveyor (9), so that the omnibearing cutting and transfer of coal materials at a large angle of an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam are realized; when the first double-rotation reversed loader (9) of the upper coal mining system is vertical to the axial direction of the displacement type belt conveyor (12) and reaches a state that the first double-rotation reversed loader (9) reaches the maximum reversed loading length; and the peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor is used for continuously pushing the sliding distance of the displacement type belt conveyor along the mining depth of the upper coal seam, so that continuous simultaneous mining of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam is ensured.
21. A method of full continuous miner mining in an opencut coal mine as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein: the peristaltic sectional sliding displacement type belt conveyor specifically comprises the following steps:
a: the displacement type belt conveyor (12) is subjected to subsection position calibration at equal intervals according to a machine head (121), a lifting section (122), a conveying section (123) and a machine tail (124), so that each equidistant subsection is 10-30m;
b: invoking related auxiliary mechanical equipment of a pusher and a loader, and sequentially propelling equidistant segments to a target direction from a machine head (121) to a machine tail (124) by 0.1-1m;
c: sequentially propelling the equidistant segments to the target direction by 0.1-1m along the tail (124) to the nose (121);
d: thereby forming a displacement type belt conveyor (12) which circularly reciprocates peristaltic sectional sliding from beginning to end until reaching a target moving position, wherein the peristaltic sectional sliding distance is less than or equal to 25m.
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