CN116354933A - 作为雄激素受体调节剂的杂环化合物及其应用 - Google Patents
作为雄激素受体调节剂的杂环化合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116354933A CN116354933A CN202111619596.XA CN202111619596A CN116354933A CN 116354933 A CN116354933 A CN 116354933A CN 202111619596 A CN202111619596 A CN 202111619596A CN 116354933 A CN116354933 A CN 116354933A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类新的杂环化合物及其应用,所述化合物结构如式I所示,或该化合物的光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,或包含所述化合物的药物组合物,所述化合物或药物组合物作为雄激素受体(AR)调节剂用于治疗相关疾病,其可以单独使用或与其它治疗物联合使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及式I所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,包含所述化合物的药物组合物以及所述化合物作为雄激素受体(AR)调节剂的应用。
背景技术
前列腺癌(prostate cancer,PC)是男性泌尿生殖系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一,也是导致男性死亡的第二大病因。2016年,我国新发前列腺癌患者数量为12万,预计至2030年,这一数字将上升至23.7万人,新发患者数量的年复合增长率为5%。PC的治疗包括前列腺切除术、放射治疗和化学治疗。经过治疗后,部分患者会出现血PSA升高,尽管实施了复发性PC的新疗法,肿瘤细胞仍然频繁的出现转移,称为转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌(mCRPC);也有部分PC患者通过传统影像学检查未发现任何远处转移,被归类为非转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌(nmCRPC)。随着PC发病率的日益提高,人们对其发病机制的研究也在逐步深入。
雄激素受体(androgenreceptors,AR)是具有配体结合区、DNA结合区以及多个磷酸化位点的类固醇激素受体。AR在体内与配体雄激素合后,形成AR二聚体,进而磷酸化并从细胞质转移到细胞核,然后在细胞核内介导各种途径的转录和激活。正常成人前列腺内AR调控前列腺上皮细胞增殖与凋亡的动态平衡,在PC组织中这种动态平衡被打破,促进了肿瘤细胞的增殖和存活,这是前列腺癌发病的主要原因。由于AR在PC的发展过程中发挥着重要的作用,通过抑制AR进入细胞核来治疗PC逐渐成为研究热点,并以此为基础研发出一系列的AR抑制剂类药物。
雄激素受体信号通路在前列腺癌、乳腺癌、膀胱癌等的发生、发展中都起着重要作用,因此以AR为靶点的AR抑制剂相继出现。在PC的治疗中,AR抑制剂常被分为甾体和非甾体类,它们在化学结构、药理作用和安全性上各不相同。甾体类AR抑制剂可降低睾酮水平,并可与其他激素受体结合,因此易产生交叉反应。而用作单一疗法的非甾体类AR抑制剂更倾向于提高整体的睾酮水平,并且对AR更具特异性。甾体类AR抑制剂虽先于非甾体AR抑制剂被开发用于PC的治疗,但由于其易产生不良反应而逐渐被非甾体类AR抑制剂所取代。
近年来,随着对AR结构及其生物学功能更深一步的认识,研究人员正致力于开发更佳的AR类似物,新一代无激动剂活性的AR抑制剂被研究用于更有效地抑制AR。
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供了一类全新结构的AR调节剂,其能够降低AR的表达,对AR的降解表现出明显的浓度依赖性和时间依赖性,具有明显的抑制前列腺癌细胞增殖的活性。
发明内容
本发明提供了式I所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中,
环A、环B、环C、环D、环E分别独立地选自任选被0、1、2、3、4或5个R2取代的C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基;
L选自-L4-L3-L2-L1-L0-或-CO-NH-(CH2)p-CO-R0-,条件是当L选自-CO-NH-(CH2)p-CO-R0-时,其中的1个或多个亚甲基任选的被1、2或3个O原子取代;
L1、L3、L5分别独立地选自单键、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、O、S、NH、-CO-、-SO-、-SO2-、-C1-6烷基-O-,所述C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、-C1-6烷基-O-任选被1、2或3个R3取代;
L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基,所述C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基任选被1-4个R4取代;
R0选自-NH-、哌啶基、环己基或哌嗪基;
R1选自H、OH、卤素、NH2、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氨基;
R2、R3、R4分别独立地选自H、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、OH、NH2、CN、硝基、羧基、C3-6环烷基,所述的C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、OH、NH2、羧基、C3-6环烷基任选被1-3个选自卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、OH、NH2、CN、硝基、羧基的取代基取代;优选的,R2独立的选自一个或多个选自卤素(最优选为氟或氯)、氰基或三氟甲基。m选自0或1,n选自0、1、2或3,p选自0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10。
优选的,R1选自H、C1-6烷基;
L1、L3独立地选自单键或C1-6烷基;
L5选自单键、O、S、NH、-CO-、-SO-或-SO2-;
L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自C5-6环烷基、C5-6杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基;
环A、环B、环E分别独立地选自任选取代的苯基、萘基、吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、苯并噻唑基、嘌呤基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噁唑基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或喹喔啉基;
环C选自任选取代的C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基;
环D选自任选取代的C3-8环烷基或C3-8杂环烷基;
进一步优选的,
L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、C5-6环烷基或C5-6杂环烷基;
环A、环B、环E分别独立地选自任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
环C选自任选取代的苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基或哒嗪基;
环D选自任选取代的环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、氮杂环丁基、氧杂环丁基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基或四氢吡喃基;
更进一步优选的,
L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、环戊基、环己基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基或吗啉基;环D选自任选取代的环丁基、环戊基或环己基。
优选的,L选自如下连接基团,没有特别定义,如下连接基团的两个连接位置可以任意选择连接,例如式I结构中L左侧部分可以与如下连接基团的左侧或右侧连接,相应地,式I结构中L右侧部分可以与如下连接基团的右侧或左侧连接,特别优选的,式I结构中L左侧部分与如下连接基团的左侧连接,式I结构中L右侧部分与如下连接基团的右侧连接,L优选为:
在本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了式Ⅱ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,式Ⅱ所示的结构如下:
所述各基团的定义如上所述。
在本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了式Ⅲ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,式Ⅲ所示的结构如下:
式Ⅲ,所述各基团的定义如上所述。
在本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了式Ⅳ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,式Ⅳ所示的结构如下:
式Ⅳ,所述各基团的定义如上所述。
在本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了式Ⅴ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,式Ⅴ所示的结构如下:
式Ⅴ,所述各基团的定义如上所述。
在本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了式Ⅵ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,式Ⅵ所示的结构如下:
式Ⅵ,所述各基团的定义如上所述。
在本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了式Ⅶ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,式Ⅶ所示的结构如下:
式Ⅶ,所述各基团的定义如上所述。
在本发明的另一方面,本发明所述的化合物选自:
所述化合物的信息如下:
在本发明的再一方面,本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,其包含本发明所述的任一化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐和一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体。
在本发明的再一方面,本发明还提供了前面所述的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或前面所述的药物组合物在制备雄激素受体调节剂中的用途。
在本发明的再一方面,本发明还提供了前面所述的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或前面所述的药物组合物在制备治疗与雄激素受体相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明的一些方案中所述的疾病为癌症、代谢紊乱性疾病、心脑血管疾病、高血脂或肥胖症。
本发明的一些方案中,癌症选自前列腺癌、乳腺癌、膀胱癌、卵巢癌、子宫颈癌、鳞状细胞癌、脑癌、基底细胞癌、结直肠癌、食管癌、头癌、肾癌、肝癌、肺癌、颈癌、睾丸癌、胰腺癌、肾癌或胃癌;白血病;良性和恶性淋巴瘤;黑色素瘤;骨髓增生性疾病;肉瘤;甲状腺癌、星形细胞瘤;霍奇金病、威尔曼瘤或畸胎癌。
本发明的一些方案中,上述良性和恶性淋巴瘤包括伯基特氏淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤;肉瘤包括尤因肉瘤、血管肉瘤、卡波西氏肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、肌肉瘤、周围神经上皮瘤、滑膜肉瘤、神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、室管膜瘤、成胶质细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤、神经节瘤、神经节神经胶质瘤、髓母细胞瘤、松果体细胞肿瘤、脑膜瘤、脑膜肉瘤、神经纤维瘤和许旺细胞瘤。
定义和说明
除非另有说明,本文所用的下列术语和短语旨在具有下列含义。一个特定的术语或短语在没有特别定义的情况下不应该被认为是不确定的或不清楚的,而应该按照普通的含义去理解。
不在两个字母或符号之间的短横(“-”)表示取代基的连接位点,其连接顺序是任意的。然而,当取代基的连接位点对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的时候,例如,卤素取代基,“-”可以被省略。
当苯环上的R2取代基没有固定结构时,其表示R2可以连接在苯环上的任一位置,且R2可以为0、1、2、3、4或5个。
术语“药学上可接受的”,是针对那些化合物、材料、组合物和/或剂型而言,它们在可靠的医学判断的范围之内,适用于与人类和动物的组织接触使用,而没有过多的毒性、刺激性、过敏性反应或其它问题或并发症,与合理的利益/风险比相称。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指本发明化合物的盐,由本发明发现的具有特定取代基的化合物与相对无毒的酸或碱制备。当本发明的化合物中含有相对酸性的功能团时,可以通过在纯的溶液或合适的惰性溶剂中用足够量的碱与这类化合物的中性形式接触的方式获得碱加成盐。药效上可接受的碱加成盐包括钠、钾、钙、铵、有机胺或镁盐或类似的盐。当化合物中含有相对碱性的官能团时,可以通过在溶液或合适的惰性溶剂中用足够量的酸与这类化合物的中性形式接触的方式获得酸加成盐。药效上可接受的酸加成盐的实例包括无机酸盐,所述无机酸包括例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、碳酸,碳酸氢根,磷酸、磷酸一氢根、磷酸二氢根、硫酸、硫酸氢根、氢碘酸、亚磷酸等;以及有机酸盐,所述有机酸包括如乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、三氟乙酸、马来酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、反丁烯二酸、乳酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸和甲磺酸等类似的酸;还包括氨基酸(如精氨酸等)的盐,以及如葡糖醛酸等有机酸的盐。本发明的某些特定的化合物含有碱性和酸性的官能团,从而可以被转换成任一碱或酸加成盐。
本发明的药效上可接受的盐可由含有酸根或碱基的母体化合物通过常规化学方法合成。一般情况下,这样的盐的制备方法是:在水或有机溶剂或两者的混合物中,经由游离酸或碱形式的这些化合物与化学计量的适当的碱或酸反应来制备。
本发明的化合物可以存在特定的立体异构体形式。本发明设想所有的这类化合物,包括顺式和反式异构体、(-)-和(+)-对映体、(R)-和(S)-对映体、非对映异构体、(D)-异构体、(L)-异构体,及其外消旋混合物和其他混合物,例如对映异构体或非对映体富集的混合物,所有这些混合物都属于本发明的范围之内。烷基等取代基中可存在另外的不对称碳原子。所有这些异构体以及它们的混合物,均包括在本发明要求保护的范围之内。
本发明还包括本发明化合物的所有适合的同位素变体。在此情况下,本发明化合物的同位素变体应理解为这样的化合物,其中本发明化合物内的至少一个原子被具有相同原子序数但原子质量不同于自然界中常见的或主要存在的原子质量的另一个原子替代。可引入本发明化合物中的同位素实例为氢、碳、氮、氧、硫、氟、氯、溴及碘的同位素,诸如2H(氘)、3H(氚)、11C、13C、14C、13N、15N、15O、17O、18O、33S、34S、35S、36S、18F、36Cl、82Br、123I、124I、129I以及131I。本发明化合物的特定同位素变体(诸如特别是其中引入一个或多个放射性同位素的那些)可用于例如研究活性物质在体内的作用机制或分布;因为它们可相对容易地制备及检测,用3H-或14C-同位素标记的化合物尤其适合于此。此外,引入同位素(例如氘)可产生某些由于化合物更高的代谢稳定性而产生的治疗优势,诸如体内半衰期延长或所需的有效剂量减少;本发明化合物的所述修饰因此任选地还可代表本发明的优选实施方案。本发明化合物的同位素变体可通过本领域技术人员已知的方法制备,从而例如通过下述方法及实施方案中给定的规范,使用各个试剂和/或起始化合物的相应同位素修饰来制备。
本发明的化合物可以在一个或多个构成该化合物的原子上包含非天然比例的原子同位素。例如,可用放射性同位素标记化合物,比如氚(3H),碘-125(125I)或C-14(14C)。又例如,可用重氢取代氢形成氘代药物,氘与碳构成的键比普通氢与碳构成的键更坚固,相比于未氘化药物,氘代药物有降低毒副作用、增加药物稳定性、增强疗效、延长药物生物半衰期等优势。本发明的化合物的所有同位素组成的变换,无论放射性与否,都包括在本发明的范围之内。“任选”或“任选地”指的是随后描述的事件或状况可能但不是必需出现的,并且该描述包括其中所述事件或状况发生的情况以及所述事件或状况不发生的情况。
术语“被取代的”或“被…取代”是指特定原子上的任意一个或多个氢原子被取代基取代,可以包括重氢和氢的变体,只要特定原子的价态是正常的并且取代后的化合物是稳定的。术语“任选被取代的”或“任选被…取代”是指可以被取代,也可以不被取代,除非另有规定,取代基的种类和数目在化学上可以实现的基础上可以是任意的。
当任何变量(例如R)在化合物的组成或结构中出现一次以上时,其在每一种情况下的定义都是独立的。因此,例如,如果一个基团被1、2、3、4或5个R所取代,则所述基团可以任选地1、2、3、4或5个R所取代,并且每种情况下的R都有独立的选项。此外,取代基和/或其变体的组合只有在这样的组合会产生稳定的化合物的情况下才是被允许的。
当其中一个变量选自单键时,表示其连接的两个基团直接相连。
当所列举的取代基中没有指明其通过哪一个原子连接到被取代的基团上时,这种取代基可以通过其任何原子相键合,例如,吡啶基作为取代基可以通过吡啶环上任意一个碳原子连接到被取代的基团上。
当所列举的连接基团没有指明其连接方向,其连接方向是任意的,例如,连接基团L为-CH2O-,此时-CH2O-既可以按与从左往右的读取顺序相同的方向连接,也可以按照与从右往左的读取顺序相反的方向连接所述连接基团、取代基和/或其变体的组合只有在这样的组合会产生稳定的化合物的情况下才是被允许的。
除非另有规定,环上原子的数目通常被定义为环的元数,例如,“3-6元环”是指环绕排列3-6个原子的“环”。
除非另有规定,术语“C1-6烷基”用于表示直链或支链的由1至6个碳原子组成的饱和碳氢基团。所述C1-6烷基包括C1-5、C1-4、C1-3、C1-2、C2-6、C2-4、C6和C5烷基等;其可以是一价(如CH3)、二价(-CH2-)或者多价。
除非另有规定,术语“C1-6烷氧基”表示通过一个氧原子连接到分子的其余部分的那些包含1至6个碳原子的烷基基团。所述C1-6烷氧基包括C1-4、C1-3、C1-2、C2-6、C2-4、C6、C5、C4和C3烷氧基等。C1-6烷氧基的实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基(包括正丙氧基和异丙氧基)、丁氧基(包括n-丁氧基、异丁氧基、s-丁氧基和t-丁氧基)、戊氧基(包括n-戊氧基、异戊氧基和新戊氧基)、己氧基等。
术语“环烷基”自身或在其与其它术语的组合中代表烷基、链烯基或炔基或其混合物的环状形式。另外,环烷基可以包含稠合环,但不包括稠合的芳基和杂芳基,除非特别指明为未取代的,否则环烷基可以是取代的。环烷基的实例包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、1-环己烯基、3-环己烯基、环己炔基、环己炔基、环己二烯基、环戊二烯基、环戊烯基、环庚基、降冰片基等。如果没有指明环的大小,本文中所述环烷基含有3-8个环成员或3-6个环成员。
术语“杂环”或“杂环烷基”或“杂环基”自身或者在与其它术语的组合中代表含有至少一个环碳原子和至少一个环杂原子的环烷基,所述杂原子选自O、N、P、Si和S,优选选自N、O和S,其中所述环是非芳族的但是可以含有不饱和度。杂环基团中的氮和硫原子可以任选被氧化,氮杂原子可以任选被季铵化。在多个实施方案中,环杂原子选自N、O和S。如果没有另外说明,本文中所述杂环基团含有3-10、3-9、3-8、3-7、3-6、3-5、4-5、4-6、4-7、4-8、5-10、5-8个环成员,并且至少一个环成员为选自N、O和S的杂原子;通常在杂环基团中含有不多于3个这些杂原子,通常在杂环基团的单个环中含有不多于2个这些杂原子。杂环基团可以与其他碳环、杂环或芳基环稠合。杂环基团可以与分子的其余部分在环碳或环杂原子上相连,杂环基团可以如对烷基所述那样被取代。另外,杂环可以包含稠合环,但不包括含有作为稠合环系一部分的杂芳基的稠合系统。杂环基团的实例包括但不限于1-(1,2,5,6-四氢吡啶基)、1-哌啶基、2-哌啶基、3-哌啶基、4-吗啉基、3-吗啉基、四氢呋喃-2-基、1,2,3,4-四氢吡啶基、二氢吲哚(吲哚啉)、四氢呋喃-3-基、四氢噻吩-2-基、四氢噻吩-3-基、1-哌嗪基、2-哌嗪基、氮杂环丁基、氧杂环丁基、硫杂环丁基、吡咯烷基、吡唑烷基、咪唑烷基、四氢噻吩基(包括四氢噻吩-2-基和四氢噻吩-3-基等)、四氢呋喃基(包括四氢呋喃-2-基等)、四氢吡喃基、哌啶基(包括1-哌啶基、2-哌啶基和3-哌啶基等)、哌嗪基(包括1-哌嗪基和2-哌嗪基等)、吗啉基(包括3-吗啉基和4-吗啉基等)、二噁烷基、二噻烷基、异噁唑烷基、异噻唑烷基、1,2-噁嗪基、1,2-噻嗪基、六氢哒嗪基、高哌嗪基、高哌啶基或二氧杂环庚烷基等。
除非另外说明,术语“芳基”是指芳族烃基,它可以是单环或环稠合到一起的多环(例如1-3个环)。芳基可以含有稠合环,其中一或多个环任选为环烷基,但不包括杂环或杂芳族环;含有至少一个杂芳族环的稠合系统被称为杂芳基,与杂环稠合的苯基环在本文中被称为杂环基团。芳基包括其中苯基环稠合于环烷基环的稠合的环系统。芳基的实例包括但不限于苯基、1-萘基、四氢化萘、二氢-1H-茚、2-萘基、四氢萘基等。
本文中使用的术语“杂芳基”是指含有单环或者二或三个稠合环的基团,其中至少一个环为含有1-4个作为环成员的选自N、O和S的杂原子的芳族环(即它含有至少一个杂芳族环),其中氮和硫原子任选被氧化,且氮原子任选被季胺化。杂芳基可以通过环碳或环杂原子与分子的其余部分相连,并且如果该基团为双环或三环,它可以通过杂芳基的任何环相连。杂芳基可以含有稠合环,其中一或多个环任选为环烷基或杂环烷基或芳基,前提是至少一个环为杂芳族环。杂芳基的非限定性实例为1-吡咯基、2-吡咯基、3-吡咯基、3-吡唑基、2-咪唑基、4-咪唑基、吡嗪基、2-噁唑基、4-噁唑基、2-苯基-4-噁唑基、5-噁唑基、3-异噁唑基、4-异噁唑基、5-异噁唑基、2-噻唑基、4-噻唑基、5-噻唑基、2-呋喃基、3-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、3-噻吩基、2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基、4-吡啶基、2-嘧啶基、4-嘧啶基、5-苯并噻唑基、嘌呤基、2-苯并咪唑基、5-吲哚基、1-异喹啉基、5-异喹啉基、2-喹喔啉基、5-喹喔啉基、3-喹啉基和6-喹啉基。每一个上述芳基和杂芳基环系的取代基选自下述的可接受的取代基。
芳基和/或杂芳基通常每个环含有至多4个取代基(0-4个),有时含有0-3个或0-2个取代基。术语“芳基氧基”和“杂芳基氧基”分别是指通过氧连接基团(-O-)与分子其余部分相连的芳基和杂芳基。
除非另外说明,术语“卤代”或“卤素”自身或者作为其它取代基的一部分是指氟、氯、溴或碘原子。另外,术语例如“卤代烷基”应当包括单卤代烷基和全卤代烷基。例如,术语“卤代(C1-C4)烷基”应当包括但不限于三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、4-氯丁基、3-溴丙基等。前缀“全卤代”是指其中所有可用价键被卤素代替的各个基团。例如“全卤代烷基”包括-CCl3、-CF3、-CCl2CF3等。术语“全氟烷基”和“全氯烷基”为全卤代烷基的亚组,其中所有可用价键分别被氟和氯代替。全氟烷基的非限定性实例包括-CF3和-CF2CF3。全氯代烷基的非限定性实例包括-CCl3和-CCl2CCl3。
“氨基”在本文中是指基团-NH2或-NRR′,其中R和R′相互独立选自氢或烷基(例如低级烷基)。术语“芳基氨基”在本文中是指基团-NRR′,其中R为芳基并且R′为氢、烷基或芳基。术语“芳烷基氨基”在本文中是指基团-NRR′,其中R为芳烷基并且R′为氢、烷基、芳基或芳烷基。“取代的氨基”是指氨基,其中至少一个R和R’不为H,即氨基携有至少一个取代基。术语烷基氨基是指-烷基-NRR′,其中R和R′各自独立地选自氢或烷基(例如低级烷基)。
除非在化学结构或化学名称中明确指明立体化学,否则所述化学结构或化学名称应当包括所有可能存在的所述化合物的立体异构体、构象异构体、旋转异构体和互变异构体。例如,含有手性碳原子的化合物应当包括(R)对映异构体和(S)对映异构体以及对映异构体的混合物,包括外消旋混合物;含有两个手性碳的化合物应当包括所有的对映异构体和非对映异构体(包括(R,R)、(S,S)、(R,S)和(R,S)异构体)。
在本文所述结构式的化合物的所有用途中,本发明也包括所述化合物的任何或所有立体化学形式、对映异构体、非对映异构体、构象异构体、旋转异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、水化物、多晶型、结晶型、非结晶型、盐、药学上可接受的盐、代谢物和前药的用途。
本发明的药物组合物含有与至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂、载体或稀释剂混合的至少一种根据本文公开的任何实施方案的化合物(包括这些化合物的药学上可接受的盐)。优选地,药物组合物为无菌组合物,或主要由或仅由上述化合物和一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂、载体和/或稀释剂组成的组合物。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物包含至少两种药学上可接受的本文所述的载体和/或赋形剂。
本发明的某些化合物可以以非溶剂化形式以及溶剂化形式(即溶剂化物)形式存在。本发明化合物也可以包括水合形式(即水合物)。通常,溶剂化物和水合物形式与非溶剂化物形式在生物学效能方面是相同的,均包含在本发明的范围内。本发明也包括所有的多晶型物,包括结晶和非结晶形式。通常,对于本发明所预期的用途而言,所有的物理形式均可用,它们意图也包含在本发明的范围内。
本文中使用的“治疗有效量”是指能够产生希望的药理学和/或生理学作用的量。该作用可以是预防性的,能够完全或部分预防疾病或其症状;和/或可以是治疗性的,能够部分或完全治愈疾病和/或与疾病有关的副作用。本发明化合物的治疗有效量通常包括通过本文中所述任何实验、通过本领域技术人员已知的其它CDK或CDK9激酶活性测定法或者通过检测癌症症状的抑制或缓解可以检测到的足以使Raf活性受到抑制的任何量。
本文中使用的术语“药学上可接受的载体”及其同类物是指技术人员已知的辅助剂、粘合剂、稀释剂等,它们适合于施用于个体(例如哺乳动物或非哺乳动物)。两种或多种载体的组合也涵盖在本发明中。本文所述的药学上可接受的载体和任何其它成分可以适用于特定的剂型的预期施用途径(例如口服、胃肠外)中。所述适用性是技术人员容易识别的,特别是根据本文中所提供的教导。本文所述的药用组合物包含至少一种药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂;优选所述组合物包含除水之外的至少一种载体或赋形剂或除了水之外还包含至少一种载体或赋形剂。
药用辅料可以是药学上可接受的载体,辅剂,或赋形剂,这些像本发明所应用的,包括任何溶剂,稀释剂,或其他液体赋形剂,分散剂或悬浮剂,表面活性剂,等渗剂,增稠剂,乳化剂,防腐剂,固体粘合剂或润滑剂,等等,适合于特有的目标剂型。
本发明的化合物可具有全身和/或局部作用。为此目的,它们可以以适合的方式施用,例如通过口服、胃肠外、肺部、鼻内、舌下、舌部、含服、直肠、经皮、透皮、经结膜或耳部途径,或作为植入物或支架。
适于口服施用的是这样的剂型,其根据现有技术起作用,快速和/或调节释放本发明的化合物且含有结晶和/或非结晶(amorphisized)和/或溶解形式的本发明化合物,例如片剂(无包衣或包衣片剂,例如具有肠溶衣或有延迟溶解的包衣或不溶性包衣,这些包衣控制本发明化合物的释放)、在口腔中快速崩解的片剂、或膜/糯米纸囊剂(wafer)、膜/冻干物、胶囊(例如硬胶囊或软胶囊)、糖衣丸剂、颗粒剂、小丸剂、散剂、乳剂、混悬剂、气雾剂或溶液剂。
胃肠外施用可绕过吸收步骤(例如静脉内、动脉内、心内、椎管内或腰内)或包括吸收(例如肌肉内、皮下、皮内、经皮或腹膜内)而进行。适于胃肠外施用的剂型包括呈溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、冻干物或无菌粉末形式的注射和输注制剂。
适于其他施用途径的剂型为例如吸入剂型(包括粉末吸入器、喷雾器)、滴鼻剂、溶液剂及喷雾剂;用于舌部、舌下或含服施用的片剂、薄膜/糯米纸囊剂或胶囊;栓剂、耳部或眼部制剂、阴道胶囊、水性混悬剂(洗剂、振荡合剂(shaking mixture))、亲脂性混悬剂、软膏、乳膏、经皮治疗系统(例如贴剂)、乳制剂(milks)、糊剂、泡沫剂、扑粉、植入物或支架。
本文所用的术语“治疗”指给患有疾病或者具有所述疾病的症状的个体施用一种或多种药物物质、特别是本文所述的式(I)化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐,用以治愈、缓解、减轻、改变、医治、改善、改进或影响所述疾病或者所述疾病的症状。本文所用的术语“预防”指给具有易患所述疾病的体质的个体施用一种或多种药物物质、特别是本文所述的式(I)化合物和/或其药学上可接受的盐,用以防止个体罹患该疾病。当涉及化学反应时,术语“处理”、“接触”和“反应”指在适当的条件下加入或混合两种或更多种试剂,以产生所示的和/或所需的产物。应当理解的是,产生所示的和/或所需的产物的反应可能不一定直接来自最初加入的两种试剂的组合,即,在混合物中可能存在生成的一个或多个中间体,这些中间体最终导致了所示的和/或所需的产物的形成。
本发明中定义的化合物或其可药用盐,或含有它们的可药用组合物,是雄激素受体的有效调节剂。预期本发明化合物在治疗由雄激素受体单独或部分介导的疾病或医学状况方面是可能有用的药剂。本发明化合物可引起雄激素受体的下调和/或是雄激素受体的选择性激动剂,部分激动剂,拮抗剂或部分拮抗剂。
本发明的化合物优选适于治疗和/或预防雄激素受体依赖性疾病。
可使用本发明的化合物治疗的疾病特别包括癌症及肿瘤疾病。在本发明的情形下,这些疾病特别包括以下疾病,但不限于这些疾病:乳腺癌和乳腺肿瘤(乳腺癌包括导管和小叶形式,以及原位乳腺癌)、呼吸道肿瘤(小细胞癌和非小细胞癌、支气管癌)、脑肿瘤(例如脑干和下视丘的肿瘤、星形细胞瘤、室管膜瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、神经胶质瘤、髓母细胞瘤、脑膜瘤以及神经外胚层和松果体肿瘤),消化器官的肿瘤(食道癌、胃癌、胆囊癌、小肠癌、结肠癌、直肠癌及肛门癌),肝肿瘤(包括肝细胞癌、胆管癌及混合型肝细胞胆管癌)、头部和颈部的肿瘤(喉癌、舌癌、鼻咽癌、口咽癌、唇癌及口腔癌、口腔黑色素瘤),皮肤肿瘤(基底细胞癌、棘细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、卡波西肉瘤、恶性黑色素瘤、非黑色素瘤样皮肤癌、梅克尔细胞皮肤癌、肥大细胞肿瘤)、支持和结缔组织的肿瘤(包括软组织肉瘤、骨肉瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、软骨肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、血管肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、脂肉瘤、淋巴肉瘤及横纹肌肉瘤)、眼部的肿瘤(包括眼内黑色素瘤和视网膜母细胞瘤)、内分泌腺和外分泌腺的肿瘤(例如甲状腺和甲状旁腺的肿瘤、胰腺癌和唾液腺癌、腺癌),泌尿道的肿瘤(膀胱肿瘤、阴茎肿瘤、肾肿瘤、肾盂肿瘤及输尿管肿瘤)及生殖器官的肿瘤(女性的子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、卵巢癌、阴道癌、外阴癌和子宫癌以及男性的前列腺癌和睾丸癌)。其还包括呈实体形式及循环细胞形式的血液、淋巴系统及脊髓的增殖性疾病,诸如白血病、淋巴瘤及骨髓增殖性疾病,例如急性髓性白血病、急性淋巴母细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性髓性白血病和毛细胞白血病,及AIDS相关淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤及中枢神经系统中的淋巴瘤。
在另一实施方案中,本发明化合物能向动物(例如人)施用,用以治疗各种病症和障碍,包括(但不限于)保持肌肉强度和功能(例如,老年人中);逆转或防止老年人中的虚弱或与年龄有关的机能衰退(“ARFD”)(例如老年性肌肉萎缩);治疗糖皮质素的分解代谢副作用;防止和/或治疗骨质量、密度或生长减退(例如骨质疏松和骨质减少);治疗慢性疲劳综合症(CFS);慢性肌痛;治疗急性疲劳综合症和择期手术后的肌肉损失(例如,手术后康复);加快伤口愈合;加快骨折修复(例如加快髋骨折患者的恢复);加快复杂骨折的愈合,例如牵引成骨;关节替换;防止术后粘连形成;加快牙齿修复或生长;保持感觉功能(例如听觉、视觉、嗅觉和味觉);牙周病的治疗;治疗骨折后消瘦和与慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、慢性肝病、艾滋病、失重状态、癌症恶病质、灼伤和创伤恢复、慢性分解代谢状态(例如昏迷)、饮食障碍(例如厌食症)和化疗有关的消瘦;治疗心肌病;治疗血小板减少;治疗与克罗恩病有关的生长延缓;治疗短肠综合症;治疗肠易激综合症;治疗炎性肠病;治疗克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎;治疗与移植有关的并发症;治疗生理性短小状态,包括生长激素缺陷儿童和与慢性疾病有关的短小状态;治疗肥胖和与肥胖有关的生长延缓;治疗厌食症(例如,与恶病质或老化有关的厌食症);治疗皮质醇增多症和库欣综合症;佩吉氏病;治疗骨关节炎;诱发搏动性生长激素释放;治疗骨软骨发育不良;治疗抑郁、神经质、易激惹和紧张;治疗心理能量降低和低自尊感(例如积极性/自信降低);改进认知功能(例如,治疗痴呆,包括阿尔茨海默病和短期记忆丧失);治疗与肺机能不良和呼吸机依赖有关的分解代谢;治疗心机能不良(例如与血管病、心肌梗死、心脏肥大或充血性心力衰竭有关的心肌能不良);降低血压;防止心室机能不良或防止再灌注事件;治疗慢性渗析的成年人;逆转或减慢老化的分解代谢状态;减缓或逆转创伤后的蛋白分解代谢响应(例如,逆转与手术、充血性心力衰竭、心肌病、灼伤、癌症、COPD等有关的分解代谢状态);减轻恶病质和由于慢性疾病例如癌症或艾滋病造成的蛋白质丢失;治疗高胰岛素血,包括成胰岛细胞增生;治疗免疫抑制患者;治疗与多发性硬化病或其它神经变性障碍有关的消瘦;促进髓鞘质修复;保持皮肤厚度;治疗代谢稳态和肾稳态(例如在虚弱的老年人中);刺激成骨细胞;骨重建和软骨生长;调节食物摄入;治疗哺乳动物(例如人)有胰岛素抗性,包括非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病;治疗心脏的胰岛素抗性;改善睡眠质量和校正由于REM睡眠过度增加和REM潜伏期减小造成的老年化生长激素分泌相对不足;治疗低体温;治疗充血性心力衰竭;治疗脂肪代谢失调(例如在接受HIV或AIDS治疗例如蛋白酶抑制剂的患者中);治疗肌萎缩(例如由于体力活动缺乏,卧床休息或减负重状态);治疗肌肉骨骼损伤(例如在老年人中);改善全面的肺功能;治疗睡眠障碍;治疗长期危重病态的分解代谢状态;男性中与年龄有关的睾酮水平降低,男性更年期,性腺功能衰退,男性激素替代治疗,男性和女性性功能障碍(例如,勃起功能障碍,性驱动降低,性满足降低,性欲减退),尿失禁,男性和女性避孕,脱发以及增强骨和肌肉的性能/强度。
在一项实施方案中,与雄激素受体有关的病症包括前列腺癌,良性前列腺增生和前列腺肥大,痤疮(寻常痤疮),脂溢病,多毛症,雄性脱发和男性型脱发,性早熟,多囊性卵巢综合症,性倒错,男性化等。本发明化合物还可用于改善饲养动物的排卵。
本发明的化合物可单独使用,或若需要,与一种或多种其他药理学有效的物质组合使用,条件是此组合不引起不期望和不可接受的副作用。
可提及以下物质作为适合的组合活性物质的实例:131I-chTNT、阿巴瑞克、阿比特龙、阿柔比星、阿地白介素、阿仑珠单抗、阿利维A酸、六甲蜜胺、氨鲁米特、氨柔比星、安吖啶、阿那曲唑、arglabin、三氧化二砷、天冬酰胺酶、阿扎胞苷、巴利昔单抗、BAY 80-6946、BAY 1000394、refametinib(BAY86-9766,RDEA 119)、贝洛替康、苯达莫司汀、贝伐珠单抗、贝沙罗汀、比卡鲁胺、比生群、博来霉素、硼替佐米、布舍瑞林、白消安、卡巴他赛、亚叶酸钙、左亚叶酸钙、卡培他滨、卡铂、卡莫氟、卡莫司汀、卡妥索单抗、塞来昔布、西莫白介素、西妥昔单抗、苯丁酸氮芥、氯地孕酮、氮芥、顺铂、克拉立滨、氯屈膦酸、氯法拉滨、crisantaspase、环磷酰胺、环丙特龙、阿糖胞苷、达卡巴嗪、放线菌素D、达促红素α、达沙替尼、柔红霉素、地西他滨、地加瑞克、地尼白介素2、地舒单抗、地洛瑞林、二溴螺氯铵、多西他赛、去氧氟尿苷、多柔比星、多柔比星+雌酮、依库珠单抗、依屈洛单抗、依利醋铵、艾曲泊帕、内皮他丁、依诺他滨、表柔比星、环硫雄醇、促红素α、倍他依泊汀、艾铂、艾立布林、厄洛替尼、雌二醇、雌莫司汀、依托泊甙、依维莫司、依西美坦、法罗唑、非格司亭、氟达拉滨、氟尿嘧啶、氟他胺、福美坦、福莫司汀、氟维司群、硝酸镓、加尼瑞克、吉非替尼、吉西他滨、吉妥珠单抗、glutoxim、戈舍瑞林、二盐酸组胺、组氨瑞林、羟基脲、I-125种子(I-125seeds)、伊班膦酸、替伊莫单抗、伊达比星、异环磷酰胺、伊马替尼、咪喹莫德、英丙舒凡、干扰素α、干扰素β、干扰素γ、伊匹木单抗、伊立替康、伊沙匹隆、兰瑞肽、拉帕替尼、来那度胺、来格司亭、香菇多糖、来曲唑、亮丙瑞林、左旋咪唑、利舒脲、洛铂、洛莫司汀、氯尼达明、马索罗酚、甲羟孕酮、甲地孕酮、美法仑、美雄烷、巯嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤、甲氧沙林、甲氨基酮戊酸盐、甲睾酮、米法莫肽、米替福新、米立铂、二溴甘露醇、米托胍腙、二溴卫矛醇、丝裂霉素、米托坦、米托蒽醌、奈达铂、奈拉滨、尼洛替尼、尼鲁米特、尼妥珠单抗、尼莫司汀、尼曲吖啶、奥法木单抗、奥美拉唑、奥普瑞白介素、奥沙利铂、p53基因治疗、紫杉醇、帕利夫明、钯-103种子(palladium-103seed)、帕米磷酸、帕木单抗、帕唑帕尼、培门冬酶、PEG-倍他依泊汀(甲氧基PEG-倍他依泊汀)、培非司亭、培干扰素α-2b、培美曲塞、喷他佐辛、喷司他丁、培洛霉素、培磷酰胺、毕西巴尼、吡柔比星、普乐沙福、普卡霉素、聚氨葡糖、聚磷酸雌二醇、多糖-k、卟吩姆钠、普拉曲沙、泼尼莫司汀、丙卡巴肼、喹高莱、氯化镭-223、雷洛昔芬、雷替曲塞、雷莫司汀、雷佐生、瑞戈非尼、利塞膦酸、利妥昔单抗、罗米地新、罗米司亭、沙格司亭、sipuleucel-T、西佐喃、索布佐生、甘氨双唑钠、索拉非尼、链佐星、舒尼替尼、他拉泊芬、他米巴罗汀、他莫昔芬、他索纳明、替西白介素、替加氟、替加氟+吉美拉西+奥替拉西、替莫泊芬、替莫唑胺、坦罗莫司、替尼泊甙、睾酮、替曲膦、沙立度胺、塞替派、胸腺法新、硫鸟嘌呤、托珠单抗、托泊替康、托瑞米芬、托西莫单抗、曲贝替定、曲妥珠单抗、曲奥舒凡、维甲酸、曲洛司坦、曲普瑞林、曲磷胺、色氨酸、乌苯美司、戊柔比星、凡他尼布、伐普肽、vemurafenib、长春碱、长春新碱、长春地辛、长春氟宁、长春瑞滨、伏林司他、伏罗唑、钇-90玻璃微球、净司他丁、净司他丁酯、唑来膦酸、佐柔比星。
化合物依据本领域常规命名原则或者使用软件命名,市售化合物采用供应商目录名称。
附图说明
图1为实施例化合物对AR阳性人前列腺癌细胞LNCaP的AR表达量影响图;
图2为实施例化合物抑制人前列腺癌细胞LNCaP的细胞增殖抑制结果图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本申请进行详细描述,但并不意味着存在对本申请而言任何不利的限制。本文已经详细地描述了本申请,其中也公开了其具体实施例方式,对本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本申请精神和范围的情况下针对本申请具体实施方式进行各种变化和改进将是显而易见的。
关键中间体12的制备
将原料1(2.0g,9.26mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(60mL)中,加入哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1.75g,9.4mmol)和三乙胺(2mL,14.0mmol)。反应混合物在室温下搅拌6h,并用水(100mL×3)萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。除去溶剂后,用乙醇重结晶,得到浅黄色固体2.4g,收率80.60%。UPLC-MS calculated for C16H23N3O4[M+H]+:321.38,found:321.92.
将中间体2(1.5g,4.67mmol)和二水合氯化亚锡(5.27g,23.33mmol)置于乙酸乙酯(50mL)中并在室温下搅拌过夜。添加饱和碳酸氢钠水液(20mL)并剧烈搅拌1小时。通过过滤去除固体,乙酸乙酯和水萃取,有机相经无水硫酸镁干燥并浓缩得到黄色固体1.09g,收率80.15%。UPLC-MS calculated for C16H25N3O2[M+H]+:291.40,found:291.93.
将氯甲酸苯酯(0.47mL,3.74mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中,在0℃下往溶液里缓慢滴加中间体3(1.09g,3.74mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,一边加一边搅拌,滴加完毕后保持在0℃条件下继续反应30min。缓慢加入三乙胺(0.62mL,4.49mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,反应过夜后加入水和二氯甲烷萃取,有机相加入无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=1/1),得白色固体900mg,收率58.48%。UPLC-MS calculated for C23H29N3O4[M+H]+:411.50,found:412.06.
将中间体4(230mg,0.59mmol)溶于1,4-二氧六环(10mL),加入水合肼(2.95mmol),100℃下反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,除去溶剂,冷却有固体析出,得中间体5粗品。
0℃下将POCl3(1.53mL,16.43mmol)缓慢滴加到DMF(1.53mL)中,将(1.0g,6.57mmol)原料6溶于DMF(2.5mL)中,缓慢滴加至混合液中,移至室温反应1h,升至50℃反应1h,冷却至室温,加入14%的NaOH/水(3g/18mL)溶液,搅拌并升至75℃反应15min,冷却至室温,用稀盐酸将溶液酸化至pH=2-3,搅拌1h左右,乙酸乙酯萃取,旋干有机相得红褐色粘稠液体。UPLC-MS calculated for C10H12O3[M+H]+:180.20,found:180.32.
将中间体7溶于乙腈(15mL),加入K2CO3(7.26g,52.56mmol)和溴苄(1.95mL,16.43mmol),回流反应1.5h,冷却至室温,蒸干溶剂,柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=20/1)分离,得淡黄色固体1.5g,两步收率63.34%。UPLC-MS calculated for C24H24O3[M+H]+:360.45,found:360.62.
将中间体8(201mg,0.59mmol)溶于乙醇(5mL)中,加入冰醋酸(0.04mL),室温搅拌下向溶液中缓缓加入中间体5(195mg,0.59mmol),将反应移至80℃条件下反应1h。反应结束后柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇==35/1),得290mg白色固体,收率71.04%。UPLC-MS calculatedfor C41H49N5O5[M+H]+:691.87,found:692.10.
将中间体9(290mg,0.42mmol)加入乙醇(5mL)中,形成悬浊液,加入K3Fe(CN)6(414mg,1.26mmol)和NaOH(84mg,2.1mmol),100℃下回流反应8h,TLC检测原料反应完全,过滤掉无机物残渣,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇==35/1)纯化,得中间体284mg,收率98.02%。UPLC-MS calculated for C41H47N5O5[M+H]+:689.86,found:690.11.
将中间体10(280mg,0.45mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,加入4M的盐酸/二氧六环溶液(1.5mL),室温搅拌反应2h。TLC检测原料反应完全后,蒸干溶剂,用乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干有机相得中间体11粗品。
将上步中间体11溶于甲醇(20mL)中,加入适量Pd/C,H2环境下室温搅拌反应5h。TLC检测原料反应完全后,过滤,蒸干溶剂得黄色固体130mg,两步收率75.59%。UPLC-MScalculated for C22H27N5O3[M+H]+:409.49,found:410.13.
关键中间体63的制备
合成路线及方法参照关键中间体12,原料由4-硝基溴化苄替换成N-Boc-4-硝基苯乙胺,UPLC-MS calculated for C18H20N4O3[M+H]+:341.39,found:341.52.实施例的制备:
实施例1:SQA-701的合成
0℃下将NaH(60%)(50mg,1.23mmol)加入到溶有3-羟基-2,2,4,4-(四甲基)环丁基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(250mg,1.03mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液中,搅拌反应20min。将原料13(161mg,1.03mmol)加入反应体系,升至室温反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,乙酸乙酯和水萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机相后柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=8/1)得白色固体320mg,收率82.00%。UPLC-MS calculated for C20H27ClN2O3[M+H]+:378.90,found:378.92.
将中间体14(320mg,0.84mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL),加入4M的盐酸/二氧六环溶液(2.5mL),室温搅拌反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,除去溶剂得黄色固体。UPLC-MScalculated for C15H19ClN2O[M+H]+:278.78,found:278.87.
将原料16(100mg,0.63mmol)溶于无水四氢呋喃中,加入两滴DMF和SOCl2(2mL,18mmol),70℃搅拌反应4h,蒸干溶剂得黄色粘稠液体。
将中间体15(75mg,0.24mmol)和DIPEA(0.12mL,0.71mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(20mL)中,室温搅拌反应20min,加入中间体17(51mg,0.29mmol),氩气保护下室温搅拌反应过夜,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=8/1)得淡黄色固体100mg,收率99.37%。UPLC-MScalculated for C20H20Cl2N4O2[M+H]+:419.31,found:418.91.
将中间体18(100mg,0.24mmol)与4-羟甲基哌啶(33mg,0.29mmol)及DIPEA(0.08mL,0.48mmol)一起溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测原料反应完全,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=25/1)得黄色固体100mg,收率83.66%。UPLC-MScalculated for C26H32ClN5O3[M+H]+:498.02,found:497.97.
将中间体19(70mg,0.14mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,将DMP(102mg,0.24mmol)缓慢加入反应瓶中,室温搅拌反应2h。TLC检测原料反应完全,有机相依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=50/1)得浅黄色固体60mg,收率86.05%。UPLC-MS calculated for C26H30ClN5O3[M+H]+:496.01,found:495.91.
将中间体20(50mg,0.08mmol)与中间体12(40mg,0.08mmol)一起溶于DMF(6mL)中,滴加两滴冰乙酸,室温搅拌反应20min,加入NaBH(OAc)3(34mg,0.16mmol),室温搅拌反应过夜。通过制备液相得到SQA-701白色粉末状固体40mg,收率55.62%。UPLC-MS calculatedfor C48H57ClN10O5[M+H]+:889.50,found:889.62.
实施例2:SQA-702的合成
0℃下将NaH(60%)(50mg,1.23mmol)加入到溶有反-4-BOC-氨基环己醇(222mg,1.03mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液中,搅拌反应20min。将原料13(161mg,1.03mmol)加入反应体系,升至室温反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,乙酸乙酯和水萃取,有机相用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机相后柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=5/1)得白色固体280mg,收率77.48%。UPLC-MS calculated for C18H23ClN2O3[M+H]+:350.84,found:350.82.
将中间体21(280mg,0.80mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL),加入4M的盐酸/二氧六环溶液(2.0mL),室温搅拌反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,蒸干溶剂得黄色固体。UPLC-MScalculated for C13H15ClN2O[M+H]+:250.73,found:250.75.
将中间体22(50mg,0.17mmol)和DIPEA(0.09mL,0.52mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(20mL)中,室温搅拌反应20min,加入中间体17(36mg,0.21mmol),氩气保护下室温搅拌反应过夜,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=5/1)得淡黄色固体67mg,收率99.84%。UPLC-MScalculated for C18H16Cl2N4O2[M+H]+:391.25,found:390.79.
将中间体23(67mg,0.17mmol)与4-羟甲基哌啶(23mg,0.21mmol)及DIPEA(0.06mL,0.34mmol)一起溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测原料反应完全,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=25/1)得淡黄色粘稠液体75mg,收率93.87%。UPLC-MScalculated for C24H28ClN5O3[M+H]+:469.97,found:469.96.
将中间体24(75mg,0.15mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,将DMP(126mg,0.3mmol)缓慢加入反应瓶中,室温搅拌反应2h。TLC检测原料反应完全,有机相依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸干溶剂后柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=50/1)得白色固体58mg,收率82.63%。UPLC-MS calculated for C24H26ClN5O3[M+H]+:467.95,found:467.90.
将中间体25(52mg,0.11mmol)与中间体12(45mg,0.11mmol)一起溶于DMF(6mL)中,滴加两滴冰乙酸,室温搅拌反应20min,加入NaBH(OAc)3(46mg,0.22mmol),室温搅拌反应过夜。通过制备液相得到SQA-702白色粉末状固体38mg,收率40.10%。UPLC-MS calculatedfor C46H53ClN10O5[M+H]+:861.45,found:861.50.
实施例3:SQA-703的合成
合成路线参照实施例1,原料由实施例1中的2-氯嘧啶-5-羧酸替换为6-氯哒嗪-3-羧酸,通过制备液相得到SQA-703白色粉末状固体25mg。UPLC-MS calculated forC48H57ClN10O5[M+H]+:889.50,found:889.50.
实施例4:SQA-704的合成
合成路线参照实施例2,通过制备液相得到SQA-704白色粉末状固体65mg。UPLC-MScalculated for C47H54ClN9O5[M+H]+:861.47,found:861.64.
实施例5:SQA-705的合成
将对苯二甲酸单甲酯(80mg,0.28mmol)、HATU(158mg,0.42mmol)和DIPEA(0.24mL,1.38mmol)溶于无水DMF中,氩气保护下搅拌反应15min,加入22(50mg,0.28mmol)的DMF溶液,室温搅拌反应过夜。加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,柱层析(V石油醚/V乙酸乙酯=2/1)得固体77mg,收率67%。UPLC-MS calculated for C22H21ClN2O4[M+H]+:413.88,found:413.62.
将中间体40(70mg,0.17mmol)溶于四氢呋喃溶液中,加入氢氧化锂(72mg,1.7mmol)和少量水,室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测原料反应完全,蒸干有机相,加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取(有机相废弃)。水相用盐酸调pH至2-3,乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机相后用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥得中间体40粗品60mg。
将中间体40(60mg,0.15mmol)、HATU(86mg,0.22mmol)和DIPEA(0.13mL,0.75mmol)溶于无水DMF中,氩气保护下搅拌反应15min,加入4-哌啶甲醇(21mg,0.18mmol)的DMF溶液,室温搅拌反应过夜。加入饱和氯化铵淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=20/1)得白色固体57mg,收率76.6%。UPLC-MS calculated for C27H30ClN3O4[M+H]+:497.01,found:496.98.
剩余合成方法参照实施例2,通过制备液相得到SQA-705白色粉末状固体47mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C49H55ClN8O6[M+H]+:888.49,found:888.24.
实施例6:SQA-706的合成
合成路线参照实施例2,原料由实施例2中的2-氯-4-氟苯腈替换为2-三氟甲基-4-氟苯腈,通过制备液相得到SQA-706白色粉末状固体45mg。UPLC-MS calculated forC47H53F3N10O5[M+H]+:896.01,found:895.88.
实施例7:SQA-707的合成
将N-Boc-γ-氨基丁酸(55mg,0.27mmol)、HATU(158mg,0.42mmol)和DIPEA(0.24mL,1.38mmol)溶于无水DMF中,氩气保护下搅拌反应15min,加入对中间体12(115mg,0.28mmol)的DMF溶液,室温搅拌反应过夜。加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=15/1)得固体72mg,收率45.1%。UPLC-MS calculated for C31H42N6O6[M+H]+:595.72,found:595.54.
将中间体49(70mg,0.12mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL),加入4M的盐酸/二氧六环溶液(1.0mL),室温搅拌反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,除去溶剂得中间体50粗品。
将中间体40(40mg,0.1mmol)、HATU(57mg,0.15mmol)和DIPEA(0.01mL,0.5mmol)溶于无水DMF中,氩气保护下搅拌反应15min,加入对中间体50(64mg,0.12mmol)的DMF溶液,室温搅拌反应过夜。加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,通过制备液相得到SQA-707灰白色粉末状固体35mg,收率39.9%。UPLC-MS calculated for C47H51ClN8O7[M+H]+:876.43,found:876.06.
实施例8:SQA-708的合成
合成路线参照实施例7,原料由实施例7中的N-Boc-γ-氨基丁酸替换为Boc-5-氨基戊酸,通过制备液相得到SQA-708白色粉末状固体58mg。UPLC-MS calculated forC48H53ClN8O7[M+H]+:890.46,found:890.28.
实施例9:SQA-709的合成
合成路线参照实施例7,原料由实施例7中的N-Boc-γ-氨基丁酸替换为Boc-6-氨基己酸,通过制备液相得到SQA-709灰白色粉末状固体36mg。UPLC-MS calculated forC49H55ClN8O7[M+H]+:904.49,found:904.22.
实施例10:SQA-710的合成
合成步骤及处理方法参照实施例2,通过制备液相得到SQA-710灰白色粉末状固体26mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C52H64ClN11O5[M+H]+:959.62,found:960.02.
实施例11:WCA-814的合成
合成路线参照实施例2和3,通过制备液相得到WCA-814白色粉末状固体30mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C46H53ClN10O5[M+H]+:861.45,found:861.45.
实施例12:XLA-721的合成
将Boc-beta-丙氨酸(57mg,0.3mmol)、HATU(171mg,0.45mmol)和DIPEA(0.26mL,1.5mmol)溶于无水DMF中,氩气保护下搅拌反应15min,加入对中间体63(115mg,0.28mmol)的DMF溶液,室温搅拌反应过夜。加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,柱层析(V二氯甲烷/V甲醇=15/1)得固体70mg,收率48.6%。UPLC-MS calculated for C26H33N5O6[M+H]+:512.59,found:512.62.
将中间体64(70mg,0.14mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL),加入4M的盐酸/二氧六环溶液(1.0mL),室温搅拌反应4h,TLC检测原料反应完全,除去溶剂得中间体65粗品。
中间体66的合成可参照实施例5中中间体40的制备方法;
将中间体66(42mg,0.1mmol)、EDCI(39mg,0.2mmol)、HOAT(27mg,0.2mmol)和DIPEA(0.05mL,0.3mmol)溶于无水DMF中,氩气保护下搅拌反应10min,加入对中间体65(64mg,0.12mmol)的DMF溶液,室温搅拌反应过夜。加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥,通过制备液相得到XLA-721白色粉末状固体51mg,收率62.1%。UPLC-MS calculated for C44H46ClN7O7[M+H]+:821.35,found:820.34.
实施例13:XLA-722的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-722白色粉末状固体22mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C42H42ClN7O7[M+H]+:793.30,found:792.29.
实施例14:XLA-723的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-723白色粉末状固体36mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C43H44ClN7O7[M+H]+:807.33,found:806.32.
实施例15:XLA-724的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-724白色粉末状固体48mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C44H46ClN7O7[M+H]+:821.35,found:820.34.
实施例16:XLA-725的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-725白色粉末状固体39mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C45H48ClN7O7[M+H]+:835.38,found:834.37.
实施例17:XLA-726的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-726白色粉末状固体23mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C46H50ClN7O7[M+H]+:849.41,found:848.42.
实施例18:XLA-727的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-727白色粉末状固体42mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C47H52ClN7O7[M+H]+:863.44,found:863.46.
实施例19:XLA-728的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-728白色粉末状固体37mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C48H54ClN7O7[M+H]+:877.46,found:877.98.
实施例20:XLA-729的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-729白色粉末状固体40mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C49H56ClN7O7[M+H]+:891.49,found:891.26.
实施例21:XLA-730的合成
合成方法参照实施例12,通过制备液相得到XLA-730白色粉末状固体31mg。UPLC-MS calculated for C45H48ClN7O9[M+H]+:867.38,found:868.42.
生物评价试验
试验例1:雄激素受体(AR)表达量的降低作用的评价
将AR阳性人前列腺癌细胞LNCaP在含有10%FBS的RPMI 1640(以下记作评价培养基)中以达到3X105/孔的量接种于6孔微孔培养板(Corning),培养过夜。在该培养物中添加含有实施例化合物的评价培养基中,使得实施例化合物的终浓度达到1和10μmol/L,培养24小时。24小时培养后,除去培养基,利用PBS清洗细胞之后,添加含有1%ProteaseInhibitor Cocktail的RIPA裂解液,经裂解、离心后获得总蛋白提取液,通过BCA法检测提取液中的蛋白浓度;采用SDS-PAGE进行蛋白电泳,之后200mA恒流电转90min将蛋白转印到PVDF(MilliporeSigma IPVH00010)膜上;将PVDF膜置于含有5%的脱脂奶中,室温封闭1h;分别使用Anti-Androgen Receptor抗体[EPR1535(2)](HRP)(abcam)和抗AR-V7 Speccific抗体(Cell Signaling)进行免疫反应;洗膜后滴加ECL发光液,曝光。使用软件Image J对条带进行灰度分析。每个样品同时检测GAPDH蛋白条带作为内参。根据蛋白条带灰度计算实施例化合物AR蛋白降解率。
LNCaP细胞的结果示于图1和表1。AR表达降低作用为50%以上时表示为“降低”。在本发明化合物中,实施例化合物SQA-701、SQA-702、SQA-703、SQA-704、SQA-705、SQA-706、SQA-710、WCA-814均表现出一定的AR表达降低作用,且在后续实验中,化合物对AR的降解表现出明显的浓度依赖性和时间依赖性。
表1
试验例2:雄激素依赖的前列腺癌细胞增殖抑制活性
将雄激素受体阳性的人前列腺癌细胞LNCaP在含有5%碳吸附血清(CCS)的RPMI1640培养基(以下记作评价培养基)中以达到4×103/孔的量接种于透明底96孔微孔培养板(Corning),培养48h。在该培养物中添加含有R1881的评价培养基(R1881的终浓度为0.1nmo1/L)和含有实施例化合物或比较例化合物(Enzalutamide:恩杂鲁胺)的评价培养基。(该实施例或比较例化合物的终浓度为1.53、4.6、13.8、41.1、123.4、370.3、1111、3333和10000nmo1/L),培养96小时后,测定活细胞数。活细胞数使用WST-1(Roche)进行测定。将0.1nmol/L的R1881的细胞增殖活性值设为100%,将仅有评价培养基的细胞增殖活性设为0%,根据测得的活细胞数利用logistic回归算出50%增殖抑制浓度(IC50值)。
细胞增殖抑制结果示于表2。实施例化合物表现出不同程度的前列腺癌细胞增殖抑制活性,其中SQA-710表现出优秀的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制活性,最大半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为36.0nmol/L(LNCaP细胞系)和30.2nmol/L(22RV1细胞系)。Enzalutamide作为阳性对照,其在LNCaP细胞系中的IC50为52nmo1/L,而在22RV1细胞系中几乎无效。
表2
试验例3:化合物在前列腺癌小鼠模型上的初步药效筛选
以人前列腺癌22RV1细胞系(恩杂鲁胺耐药)构建小鼠模型,小鼠品系为balb/cnude mice。实施例化合物溶媒为20%PEG400+6%Cremophor EL+74%PBS,采取腹腔注射方式给药,给药周期为Qod4*weeks,给药剂量为5mg/kg或10mg/kg。在给药16天后,测量小鼠肿瘤体积,实验结果如图2所示。实施例化合物H3(10mg/kg)、SQA-710(5mg/kg及10mg/kg)、SQA-814(5mg/kg)与Control组相比表现出明显的、效果相当的肿瘤增殖抑制能力,而在细胞水平具有活性的化合物SQA-702在小鼠模型上效果不佳。
此外,SQA-710无论以5mg/kg进行给药,还是以10mg/kg进行给药,对小鼠均表现出一定的毒性,而SQA-814在5mg/kg进行给药时,能够在保证药效的同时,对小鼠体重无明显影响。
结论
实施例化合物对LNCap细胞的AR表达量均有一定的降低作用,其中SQA-710的AR降解活性最优,其DC50约20nM,不仅可以剂量依赖性地抑制LNCap细胞生长,更对Enzalutamide耐药的22RV1肿瘤细胞生长有显著抑制。此外,SQA-710作为一种AR拮抗剂和Hsp90抑制剂的小分子偶联药物,其肿瘤抑制活性均高于两种小分子在单独应用时的作用,可见这种偶联药物发挥了类似双靶点抑制剂的效果而产生协同作用。
在以22RV1构建的动物模型上对实施例化合物进行药效评价,发现SQA-814在具有和SQA-710相当抗肿瘤增殖活性的同时,还兼具更低的毒性,值得进行后续的进一步研究。
应当理解的是,本发明不限于上述本发明的特定实施方式,因为可以对特定实施方式进行变化,并且其仍然落入所附权利要求的范围内。
Claims (27)
1.式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中,环A、环B、环C、环D、环E分别独立地选自任选被0、1、2、3、4或5个R2取代的C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基;
L选自-L4-L3-L2-L1-L0-或-CO-NH-(CH2)p-CO-R0-,条件是当L选自-CO-NH-(CH2)p-CO-R0-时,其中的一个或多个亚甲基任选的被1、2或3个O原子取代;
L1、L3、L5分别独立地选自单键、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、O、S、NH、-CO-、-SO-、-SO2-、-C1-6烷基-O-,所述C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、-C1-6烷基-O-任选被1、2或3个R3取代;
L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基,所述C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基任选被1-4个R4取代;
R0选自-NH-、哌啶基、环己基或哌嗪基;
R1选自H、OH、卤素、NH2、CN、NO2、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷氨基;R2、R3、R4分别独立地选自H、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、OH、NH2、CN、硝基、羧基、C3-6环烷基,所述的C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、OH、NH2、羧基、C3-6环烷基任选被1-3个选自卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、OH、NH2、CN、硝基、羧基的取代基取代;
m选自0或1,n选自0、1、2或3,p选自0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10。
2.如权利要求1所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R1选自H、C1-6烷基。
3.如权利要求1-2任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,L1、L3独立地选自单键或C1-6烷基。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,L5选自单键、O、S、NH、-CO-、-SO-或-SO2-。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、C5-6环烷基、C5-6杂环烷基、C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、C5-6环烷基或C5-6杂环烷基。
7.如权利要求1-6任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,L0、L2、L4分别独立地选自单键、环戊基、环己基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基或吗啉基。
8.如权利要求1-7任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环A、环B、环E分别独立地选自任选取代的苯基、萘基、吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、苯并噻唑基、嘌呤基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噁唑基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或喹喔啉基,所述取代基如上所述。
9.如权利要求8所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环A、环B、环E分别独立地选自任选取代的苯基或吡啶基,所述取代基如上所述。
10.如权利要求1-9任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环C选自任选取代的C6-10芳基或C5-10杂芳基,所述取代基如上所述。
11.如权利要求10所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环C选自任选取代的苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基或哒嗪基,所述取代基如上所述。
12.如权利要求1-11任一项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环D选自任选取代的C3-8环烷基或C3-8杂环烷基,所述取代基如上所述。
13.如权利要求12所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环D选自任选取代的环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、氮杂环丁基、氧杂环丁基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基或四氢吡喃基,所述取代基如上所述。
14.如权利要求13所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,环D选自任选取代的环丁基、环戊基或环己基,所述取代基如上所述。
23.一种药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-22任一项所述的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐和一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体。
24.权利要求1-22任一项所述的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求23所述的药物组合物在制备雄激素受体调节剂中的用途。
25.权利要求1-22任一项所述的化合物、其光学异构体、同位素衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求23所述的药物组合物在制备治疗与雄激素受体相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
26.权利要求25所述的用途,其特征在于所述的疾病为癌症、代谢紊乱性疾病、心脑血管疾病、高血脂或肥胖症。
27.权利要求26所述的用途,其特征在于所述的癌症为前列腺癌、乳腺癌或膀胱癌。
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