CN116354704A - 一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,涉及航空型芯制备技术领域。该塑氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,包括以下步骤:1)制备氧化铝陶瓷型芯浆料,首先将稀释剂、增塑剂、单体和通孔剂进行混合,得到预混液,然后将氧化铝陶瓷粉料、表面改性剂和预混液在设定的保温罐内进行球磨混合,然后进行烘干、过筛,得到陶瓷浆料、2)打印,将陶瓷浆料投入到光固化3D打印机进行打印,陶瓷浆料被加热并通过螺杆挤出,在打印台上粉末被挤出打印成陶瓷型芯素坯、3)脱脂、烧结,陶瓷型芯经过脱脂、烧结,最终成为光固化3D打印氧化铝陶瓷型芯。本发明能够绕过传统工艺必须的而又复杂的模具制造部分,解决了传统无法完成的高复杂结构陶瓷产品的生产问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及航空型芯制备技术领域,具体为一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法。
背景技术
航空发动机的内腔由于结构复杂对于加工是一项挑战,用熔模精密铸造进行加工时,普通加工方法由于存在很多无法完成的工序,于是各种类型的陶瓷型芯被发明并广泛运用。陶瓷型芯的性能直接影响到精铸件的合格率和产品的质量,在浇注单晶高温合金叶片时,陶瓷型芯与高温合金液发生复杂的交互作用,要求陶瓷型芯具有较好的化学稳定性及热稳定性,因此,不断改进陶瓷型芯的基体材料和制造工艺对于增强陶瓷型芯各项性能十分重要,陶瓷型芯主要由耐火基体材料、矿化剂和添加剂组成,一般分为氧化硅基和氧化铝基两种,而氧化铝由于高温性能更好,在高端涡轮部件的制造中更有应用潜力。
传统的陶瓷型芯的成型方法主要有热压注成型法、凝胶注膜成型法、灌浆成型法,而这些方法存在以下缺点:浆料浇注时需要加热并提供压力,工艺较为复杂,会引入大量有毒有机物,在制备过程中对环境造成危害,生坯在烧结时会收缩变形,影响涡轮叶片质量。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,能够绕过传统工艺必须的、昂贵而又复杂的模具制造部分,解决了传统工艺无法完成的高复杂结构陶瓷产品的生产问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备氧化铝陶瓷型芯浆料
1)将稀释剂、增塑剂、单体和通孔剂进行混合,得到预混液;
2)将氧化铝陶瓷粉料、表面改性剂和预混液在设定的保温罐内进行球磨混合,然后进行烘干、过筛,得到陶瓷浆料。
S2.打印
将陶瓷浆料投入到光固化3D打印机进行打印,陶瓷浆料被加热并通过螺杆挤出,在打印台上粉末被挤出打印成陶瓷型芯素坯。
S3.脱脂、烧结
陶瓷型芯经过脱脂、烧结,最终成为光固化3D打印氧化铝陶瓷型芯。
优选的,所述表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂或油酸,所述表面改性剂的添加量为氧化铝陶瓷粉料质量的1~6%。
优选的,所述稀释剂的质量分数为15~35%,所述增塑剂的质量分数为2~6%,所述单体的质量分数为65~85%,所述通孔剂的质量分数为10~15%。
所述光固化3D打印工艺参数为:
固化厚度设置为50~150μm
单层固化时间为5~30s
功率为45nW/cm2。
优选的,所述脱脂处理步骤中进行四次脱脂,将氧化铝型芯素坯升温至120~600℃,保温60~180min后降温,降温速率为60~100℃/h;
第一次脱脂温度为120~240℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第二次脱脂温度为240~380℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第三次脱脂温度为380~500℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第四次脱脂温度为500~600℃,保温时间为60~180min。
优选的,所述烧结处理步骤中,升温速率为60~120℃/h,温度最高为1700℃然后降温,终点温度随炉冷却至室内,降温速率为60~120℃/h。
优选的,所述光固化3D打印氧化铝航空型芯的孔隙率为25~35%,抗弯强度为8~12MPa。
优选的,所述的光固化3D打印氧化铝航空型芯的制备方法制备而成。
工作原理:该氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,制备氧化铝陶瓷型芯浆料,首先将稀释剂、增塑剂、单体和通孔剂进行混合,得到预混液,然后将氧化铝陶瓷粉料、表面改性剂和预混液在设定的保温罐内进行球磨混合,然后进行烘干、过筛,得到陶瓷浆料,将陶瓷浆料投入到光固化3D打印机进行打印,陶瓷浆料被加热并通过螺杆挤出,在打印台上粉末被挤出打印成陶瓷型芯素坯,陶瓷型芯经过脱脂、烧结,最终成为光固化3D打印氧化铝陶瓷型芯。
(三)有益效果
本发明提供了一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法。具备以下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,本发明采用氧化铝材料,氧化铝基陶瓷型芯具有更好的高温化学稳定性、高温抗蠕变性,使用温度更高(最高温度可达1850℃),可保证内腔结构复杂的定向柱晶和单晶空心叶片的尺寸精度和合格率,并能降低叶片的制造成本,且铝基陶瓷型芯与型壳的热膨胀几乎相同,适合制造高级别的涡轮叶片;本发明采用光固化3D打印技术,实现传统工艺无法完成的高复杂结构陶瓷产品的生产,而且,固化3D打印技术技术可以快速、低成本的实现小批量系列的原型产品的生产,由于该技术无需模具,因此大大缩短了研发-市场阶段的周期,且绕过传统工艺必须的、昂贵而又复杂的模具制造部分。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图;
图2为本发明的产品性能表。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1-2所示,本发明实施例提供一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备氧化铝陶瓷型芯浆料
1)将稀释剂、增塑剂、单体和通孔剂进行混合,得到预混液;
2)将氧化铝陶瓷粉料、表面改性剂和预混液在设定的保温罐内进行球磨混合,然后进行烘干、过筛,得到陶瓷浆料。
S2.打印
将陶瓷浆料投入到光固化3D打印机进行打印,陶瓷浆料被加热并通过螺杆挤出,在打印台上粉末被挤出打印成陶瓷型芯素坯。
S3.脱脂、烧结
陶瓷型芯经过脱脂、烧结,最终成为光固化3D打印氧化铝陶瓷型芯。
表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂或油酸,表面改性剂的添加量为氧化铝陶瓷粉料质量的1~6%,稀释剂的质量分数为15~35%,增塑剂的质量分数为2~6%,单体的质量分数为65~85%,通孔剂的质量分数为10~15%。
光固化3D打印工艺参数为:
固化厚度设置为50~150μm
单层固化时间为5~30s
功率为45nW/cm2。
脱脂处理步骤中进行四次脱脂,将氧化铝型芯素坯升温至120~600℃,保温60~180min后降温,降温速率为60~100℃/h;
第一次脱脂温度为120~240℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第二次脱脂温度为240~380℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第三次脱脂温度为380~500℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第四次脱脂温度为500~600℃,保温时间为60~180min。
烧结处理步骤中,升温速率为60~120℃/h,温度最高为1700℃然后降温,终点温度随炉冷却至室内,降温速率为60~120℃/h,光固化3D打印氧化铝航空型芯的孔隙率为25~35%,抗弯强度为8~12MPa,的光固化3D打印氧化铝航空型芯的制备方法制备而成。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (8)
1.一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1.制备氧化铝陶瓷型芯浆料
1)将稀释剂、增塑剂、单体和通孔剂进行混合,得到预混液;
2)将氧化铝陶瓷粉料、表面改性剂和预混液在设定的保温罐内进行球磨混合,然后进行烘干、过筛,得到陶瓷浆料。
S2.打印
将陶瓷浆料投入到光固化3D打印机进行打印,陶瓷浆料被加热并通过螺杆挤出,在打印台上粉末被挤出打印成陶瓷型芯素坯。
S3.脱脂、烧结
陶瓷型芯经过脱脂、烧结,最终成为光固化3D打印氧化铝陶瓷型芯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:所述表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂或油酸,所述表面改性剂的添加量为氧化铝陶瓷粉料质量的1~6%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:所述稀释剂的质量分数为15~35%,所述增塑剂的质量分数为2~6%,所述单体的质量分数为65~85%,所述通孔剂的质量分数为10~15%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:所述光固化3D打印工艺参数为:
固化厚度设置为50~150μm
单层固化时间为5~30s
功率为45nW/cm2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:所述脱脂处理步骤中进行四次脱脂,将氧化铝型芯素坯升温至120~600℃,保温60~180min后降温,降温速率为60~100℃/h;
第一次脱脂温度为120~240℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第二次脱脂温度为240~380℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第三次脱脂温度为380~500℃,保温时间为60~180min;
第四次脱脂温度为500~600℃,保温时间为60~180min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:所述烧结处理步骤中,升温速率为60~120℃/h,温度最高为1700℃然后降温,终点温度随炉冷却至室内,降温速率为60~120℃/h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝航空型芯后处理方法,其特征在于:所述光固化3D打印氧化铝航空型芯的孔隙率为25~35%,抗弯强度为8~12MPa。
8.根据权利要求1~7任意一项所述的光固化3D打印氧化铝航空型芯的制备方法制备而成。
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