CN116338995A - Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device - Google Patents
Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116338995A CN116338995A CN202310436928.3A CN202310436928A CN116338995A CN 116338995 A CN116338995 A CN 116338995A CN 202310436928 A CN202310436928 A CN 202310436928A CN 116338995 A CN116338995 A CN 116338995A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- viewing angle
- angle
- narrow
- display
- liquid crystal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144985 peep Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method and a display device, wherein the display panel comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate and a liquid crystal layer, a plurality of display pixel units and a plurality of viewing angle pixel units are formed by mutually insulating and intersecting a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines on the array substrate, a pixel electrode and a first thin film transistor are arranged in each display pixel unit, a viewing angle control electrode and a second thin film transistor are arranged in each viewing angle pixel unit, and a viewing angle auxiliary electrode matched with the viewing angle control electrode is arranged on the color film substrate. The visual angle pixel units are additionally arranged for controlling the visual angle, so that the visual angle pixel units are separated from the display pixel units, and the influence of the narrow visual angle on the display image quality is avoided; and the view angle control electrode in each view angle pixel unit is independently controlled through the thin film transistor, so that the picture display in a plurality of modes such as a wide view angle mode, a full narrow view angle mode, a local narrow view angle mode, an identification display mode and the like can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method and a display device.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the visual angle of the display device is widened to more than 160 degrees from the original 112 degrees, so that people enjoy the visual experience brought by a large visual angle, and meanwhile, the business confidentiality and personal privacy are expected to be effectively protected, so that the business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information is avoided. In addition to the wide viewing angle requirement, there are many occasions where the display device is required to have a function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
At present, a mode of attaching a shutter shielding film to a display screen to realize wide and narrow viewing angles is mainly adopted, when peep prevention is needed, the viewing angles can be reduced by shielding the screen by using the shutter shielding film, but the mode needs to additionally prepare the shutter shielding film, so that great inconvenience is caused to a user, and one shutter shielding film can only realize one viewing angle.
In the prior art, there are also some display panels with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, and there are two main types of display panels for implementing switching between wide viewing angles and narrow viewing angles: the first is a single liquid crystal box display panel, mainly comprising a color film substrate provided with an auxiliary viewing angle electrode, an array substrate provided with a common electrode, and a vertical electric field formed between the auxiliary viewing angle electrode and the common electrode to deflect liquid crystal towards the vertical direction so as to realize a narrow viewing angle mode. Switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved by controlling the voltage on the viewing angle auxiliary electrode; the second type is a dual liquid crystal box display panel, which comprises a display panel and a dimming box, wherein the display panel is used for normal picture display, the dimming box is used for controlling visual angle switching, the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, and visual angle auxiliary electrodes on the first substrate and the second substrate apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules, so that the liquid crystal deflects towards the vertical direction, and a narrow visual angle mode is realized. Switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved by controlling the voltage on the viewing angle auxiliary electrode.
However, when the single liquid crystal cell display panel is at a narrow viewing angle, the vertical electric field between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode and the common electrode can cause a certain interference to the horizontal electric field between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, so that the display image quality at the narrow viewing angle is poor. The dual-liquid crystal box display panel has the problems of higher cost, thicker thickness and poorer peep-proof effect under low ambient light. In addition, the display panel in the prior art is only used for displaying pictures in a wide view angle or a narrow view angle, has a single function, and can not see the display pictures in the narrow view angle, but also can highlight LOGO (LOGO) patterns of products.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method and a display device, so as to solve the problems that the display panel in the prior art has single function and can not display pictures and LOGO at the same time in a narrow viewing angle mode.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display panel with a switchable wide and narrow view angle, which comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines are mutually insulated and crossed to define a plurality of display pixel units and a plurality of view angle pixel units, a pixel electrode and a first thin film transistor are arranged in each display pixel unit, the pixel electrode is electrically connected with the scanning lines and the data lines adjacent to the first thin film transistor through the first thin film transistor, a view angle control electrode and a second thin film transistor are arranged in each view angle pixel unit, the view angle control electrode is electrically connected with the scanning lines and the data lines adjacent to the second thin film transistor through the second thin film transistor, and a view angle auxiliary electrode matched with the view angle control electrode is arranged on the color film substrate;
In a wide viewing angle mode, all liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are in a lying posture;
in the full narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units are all in inclined postures with the same angle, and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units are all in flat postures;
in the local narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units in the narrow viewing angle area are in inclined postures with the same angle, and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units in the narrow viewing angle area and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the wide viewing angle area are in flat postures;
when the display mode is marked, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the visual angle pixel units in the mark pattern area are in an inclined posture of a first angle, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the visual angle pixel units in the non-mark pattern area are in an inclined posture of a second angle, and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units in the mark pattern area and the non-mark pattern area are in a lying posture.
Further, the display pixel units and the viewing angle pixel units are alternately arranged with each other in a row direction and a column direction.
Further, the display pixel units and the viewing angle pixel units located in the same column are connected with the same data line.
Further, in a row direction and a column direction, the display pixel unit and the viewing angle pixel unit are connected to different data lines, respectively.
Further, the area of the view angle pixel unit is smaller than that of the display pixel unit, the scanning lines are in a fold line shape, two adjacent scanning lines are of symmetrical structures in the column direction, the two adjacent scanning lines bend towards the direction of the view angle pixel unit at the view angle pixel unit, and the two adjacent scanning lines bend away from the direction of the display pixel unit at the display pixel unit.
Further, a first opening is formed in the viewing angle auxiliary electrode, and the first opening corresponds to the display pixel unit.
Further, a common electrode matched with the pixel electrode is arranged on the array substrate, and the common electrode covers the planar structure of the array substrate in a whole surface; or a second opening is arranged on the public electrode, and the second opening corresponds to the visual angle pixel unit.
The present application also provides a driving method for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as described above, the driving method comprising:
In a wide viewing angle mode, applying a common electric signal to the viewing angle auxiliary electrodes, applying wide viewing angle electric signals to all the viewing angle control electrodes, wherein the pressure difference between the wide viewing angle electric signals and the common electric signals is smaller than a first preset value, and all liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are in a lying posture;
when in a full-narrow visual angle mode, applying a common electric signal to the visual angle auxiliary electrodes, applying a narrow visual angle electric signal to all the visual angle control electrodes, wherein the pressure difference between the narrow visual angle electric signal and the common electric signal is larger than a second preset value and smaller than a third preset value, liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the visual angle pixel units are all in inclined postures with the same angle, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units are all in flat lying postures;
in a local narrow viewing angle mode, applying a common electric signal to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode, applying a wide viewing angle electric signal to the viewing angle control electrode in a wide viewing angle area, applying a narrow viewing angle electric signal to the viewing angle control electrode in a narrow viewing angle area, wherein liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units in the narrow viewing angle area are in an inclined posture of the same angle, and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units in the narrow viewing angle area and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the wide viewing angle area are in a lying posture;
When a display mode is marked, a public electric signal is applied to the visual angle auxiliary electrode, a first narrow visual angle electric signal is applied to the visual angle control electrode in a marked pattern area, a second narrow visual angle electric signal is applied to the visual angle control electrode in a non-marked pattern area, the pressure difference between the first narrow visual angle electric signal and the public electric signal and the pressure difference between the second narrow visual angle electric signal and the public electric signal are both larger than a second preset value and smaller than a third preset value, liquid crystal molecules corresponding to visual angle pixel units in the marked pattern area are in an inclined posture of a first angle, liquid crystal molecules corresponding to visual angle pixel units in the non-marked pattern area are in an inclined posture of a second angle, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to display pixel units in the marked pattern area and the non-marked pattern area are in a lying posture;
wherein the first preset value is less than the second preset value and less than the third preset value.
Further, a pressure difference between the first narrow view electrical signal and the common electrical signal is greater than a pressure difference between the second narrow view electrical signal and the common electrical signal, the first angle being greater than the second angle; or a pressure difference between the first narrow view electrical signal and the common electrical signal is less than a pressure difference between the second narrow view electrical signal and the common electrical signal, the first angle being less than the second angle.
The application also provides a display device comprising the display panel with the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the visual angle pixel units are additionally arranged for controlling the visual angle, so that the visual angle pixel units are separated from the display pixel units, and the influence of the narrow visual angle on the display image quality is avoided; the viewing angle control electrode in each viewing angle pixel unit is independently controlled through the thin film transistor, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units in the vertical direction is controlled by controlling the electric signal on the viewing angle control electrode, so that the picture display in a plurality of modes such as a wide viewing angle mode, a full narrow viewing angle mode, a local narrow viewing angle mode, an identification display mode and the like is realized; the front view angle of the view angle pixel unit is a black picture no matter in a wide view angle mode or a narrow view angle mode, namely, no light leakage exists in front view, and the problem of low contrast ratio of the narrow view angle in the prior art can be solved. Therefore, the display panel has the multiple functions of wide visual angle, full narrow visual angle, local narrow visual angle, sign display and the like, and has the advantages of low cost, low thickness and good peep prevention effect under low ambient light by adopting the single liquid crystal box display panel, and the visual angle switching and picture display can not mutually interfere, so that the display image quality under the narrow visual angle is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of an auxiliary electrode according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a common electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and transmittance of a display panel in a bright state with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and contrast ratio of a display panel at a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel at a narrow viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with a narrow viewing angle according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and transmittance of a display panel in a narrow viewing angle bright/dark state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and contrast ratio of a display panel with a narrow viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel during display of a logo according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a logo pattern area of a display panel in displaying a logo according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a non-logo pattern area of a display panel in displaying a logo according to the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 16 is a simulation diagram showing the viewing angle and transmittance of the pattern area and the non-pattern area when the display panel is in the dark state in the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a planar structure of a display device according to the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a second planar structure of the display device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description is given of the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the display panel and driving method, display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, which are proposed according to the invention, by combining the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiment:
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of an auxiliary electrode according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a common electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in an embodiment of the invention includes a color film substrate 11, an array substrate 12 disposed opposite to the color film substrate 11, and a liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12.
The liquid crystal layer 13 preferably employs positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy. The optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer 13 is preferably 300nm, and the optional range is 200nm to 400nm. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the color film substrate 11 is parallel or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the array substrate 12, and the initial pretilt angle is 0-5 °, so that the display panel displays a wide viewing angle in the initial state, as shown in fig. 1. Of course, positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned along the electrode strip direction of the pixel electrode 122, and an included angle between the positive liquid crystal molecules and the electrode strip of the pixel electrode 122 is 0-7 degrees, so that the response speed of gray scale switching is accelerated. In other embodiments, the liquid crystal layer 13 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, i.e. liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy, and the alignment direction is the same as that of the positive liquid crystal molecules, except that the initial pretilt angle is 40 ° to 90 °, so that the display panel displays a narrow viewing angle in the initial state.
The array substrate 12 is defined by a plurality of scan lines 1 and a plurality of data lines 2 insulated from each other on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 13 to form a plurality of display pixel units CP and a plurality of viewing angle pixel units VP. Each display pixel unit CP is provided with a pixel electrode 122 and a first thin film transistor 3, the pixel electrode 122 is electrically connected with the scanning line 1 and the data line 2 adjacent to the first thin film transistor 3 through the first thin film transistor 3, and gray scale voltages applied to the pixel electrode 122 are controlled to control gray scales displayed by the corresponding display pixel unit CP, so that a corresponding picture is displayed. Each viewing angle pixel unit VP is internally provided with a viewing angle control electrode 123 and a second thin film transistor 4, the viewing angle control electrode 123 is electrically connected with the scanning line 1 and the data line 2 adjacent to the second thin film transistor 4 through the second thin film transistor 4, the position, corresponding to the viewing angle control electrode 123, on the color film substrate 11 is provided with a viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 matched with the viewing angle control electrode 123, and a vertical electric field is formed between the viewing angle control electrode 123 and the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 by controlling the viewing angle control voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 123 so as to control the corresponding display pixel unit CP to realize wide-narrow viewing angle switching.
The first thin film transistor 3 and the second thin film transistor 4 each include a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line 1 are located on the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode is electrically connected with the data line 2, the drain electrode of the first thin film transistor 3 is electrically connected with the pixel electrode 122 through a contact hole, and the drain electrode of the second thin film transistor 4 is electrically connected with the viewing angle control electrode 123 through a contact hole.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the display pixel units CP and the viewing angle pixel units VP are alternately arranged with each other in the row direction and the column direction. For example, in the row direction, one display pixel unit CP, one viewing angle pixel unit VP … are alternately arranged in sequence, and in the column direction, one display pixel unit CP, one viewing angle pixel unit VP … are alternately arranged in sequence, so that the display pixel unit CP and the viewing angle pixel unit VP are arranged in a mosaic manner on the display panel. The viewing angle pixel units VP are used for controlling wide and narrow viewing angles to switch, and the display pixel units CP are used for controlling the display of the picture, so that the display pixel units CP and the viewing angle pixel units VP are arranged in a mosaic mode, the distribution is more uniform, and the picture display effect and the narrow viewing angle effect can be improved. Of course, in other embodiments, two display pixel units CP, two viewing angle pixel units VP, two display pixel units CP, and two viewing angle pixel units VP … may be alternately arranged in sequence in the row direction, and one display pixel unit CP, one viewing angle pixel unit VP, one display pixel unit CP, and one viewing angle pixel unit VP … may be alternately arranged in sequence in the column direction. Alternatively, in the column direction, the two display pixel units CP, the two viewing angle pixel units VP, the two display pixel units CP, and the two viewing angle pixel units VP … are also alternately arranged in this order.
In this embodiment, the display pixel units CP and the viewing angle pixel units VP located in the same column are connected to the same data line 2, that is, the display pixel units CP and the viewing angle pixel units VP located in the same column apply gray-scale signals and wide-narrow viewing angle switching signals through the same data line 2, so that not only the number of the data lines 2 can be greatly reduced, but also driving chips can be saved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the viewing angle control electrode 123 has a block structure corresponding to the viewing angle pixel unit VP, the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 has a planar structure, the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 is provided with a first opening 113a, the first opening 113a corresponds to the display pixel unit CP, that is, the projection of the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 on the array substrate 12 does not overlap with the pixel electrode 122, so that a strong vertical electric field is prevented from being formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and the pixel electrode 122, and the gray scale display of the display pixel unit CP is prevented from being affected. Of course, in other embodiments, the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 may have a block structure corresponding to the viewing angle pixel unit VP, that is, one viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 corresponds to one viewing angle pixel unit VP, and then the plurality of viewing angle auxiliary electrodes 113 are electrically connected to each other through conductive wires, but the conductive wires are generally thinner and have higher resistance, which increases the total resistance of the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and increases the power consumption.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the array substrate 12 is provided with a common electrode 121 matched with the pixel electrode 122, and the common electrode 121 and the pixel electrode 122 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 121 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 122 (the common electrode 121 is shown below the pixel electrode 122 in fig. 1). In this embodiment, the common electrode 121 has a planar structure, and the common electrode 121 is provided with a second opening 121a, where the second opening 121a corresponds to the viewing angle pixel unit VP, that is, the projection of the common electrode 121 on the array substrate 12 and the viewing angle control electrode 123 have no overlapping area. The pixel electrode 122 is a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars within each display pixel cell CP to form a fringe field switching pattern (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 122 and the common electrode 121 may be located at the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 122 and the common electrode 121 may include a plurality of electrode bars, and the electrode bars of the pixel electrode 122 and the electrode bars of the common electrode 121 are alternately arranged with each other to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS).
The color film substrate 11 is provided with a color resistance layer 112 arranged in an array and a black matrix 111 for spacing the color resistance layer 112, wherein the color resistance layer 112 comprises red (R), green (G) and blue (B) color resistance materials, and display pixel units CP of the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) colors are correspondingly formed, i.e. the display pixel units CP have red pixel units, green pixel units and blue pixel units. The color film substrate 11 is in a transparent state in the area corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP and is filled with a flat layer material.
Further, an upper polarizer 21 is disposed on a side of the color film substrate 11 away from the liquid crystal layer 13, a lower polarizer 22 is disposed on a side of the array substrate 12 away from the liquid crystal layer 13, and a light transmission axis of the upper polarizer 21 is perpendicular to a light transmission axis of the lower polarizer 22. In which the light transmission axis of the lower polarizer 22 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 13 are parallel to each other, for example. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 13 is 90 °, the light transmission axis of the lower polarizer 22 is also 90 °, and the light transmission axis of the upper polarizer 21 is 0 °.
The color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The materials of the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113, the viewing angle control electrode 123, the pixel electrode 122, and the common electrode 121 may be transparent materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO).
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment further provides a display device, which includes the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the backlight module 30, wherein the backlight module 30 is located below the display panel, and is configured to provide a backlight source for the display panel.
The backlight module 30 includes a backlight 31 and a peep-proof layer 33, wherein the peep-proof layer 33 is used for reducing the range of the light emitting angle. A brightness enhancement film 32 is further disposed between the backlight 31 and the peep-proof layer 33, and the brightness enhancement film 32 increases the brightness of the backlight module 30. The peep-proof layer 33 is a micro shutter structure, which can block light with a larger incident angle, and make light with a smaller incident angle pass through, so that the angle range of the light passing through the peep-proof layer 33 is reduced. The peep-proof layer 33 comprises a plurality of parallel light-resisting walls and light holes between two adjacent light-resisting walls, and light-absorbing materials are arranged on two sides of the light-resisting walls. Of course, the backlight 31 may be a light-collecting type backlight, so that the peep-proof layer 33 is not required, but the light-collecting type backlight is more expensive than the conventional backlight.
The backlight module 30 may be a side-in type backlight module or a direct type backlight module. Preferably, the backlight module 30 adopts a collimated backlight (CBL, collimated backlight) mode, which can collect light to ensure display effect.
There is also provided in this embodiment a driving method for driving a wide-and-narrow viewing angle switchable display panel as described above, the driving method including:
fig. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the wide viewing angle mode, the common electric signal Vcom is applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113, the wide viewing angle electric signal V1 is applied to all the viewing angle control electrodes 123, and the pressure difference between the wide viewing angle electric signal V1 and the common electric signal Vcom is less than a first preset value (for example, less than 1.2V). Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, a direct current voltage of 0V is applied to both the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and the viewing angle control electrode 123. A vertical electric field is not substantially formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and the viewing angle control electrode 123, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are not substantially deflected, and maintain an initial flat lying state (fig. 6), i.e., all the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are in a flat lying posture, and the display panel displays a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and transmittance of a display panel in a bright state with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 8 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and contrast ratio of a display panel at a wide viewing angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the wide viewing angle mode, the central light transmittance of the display panel is high with respect to the large viewing angle light transmittance, has a wide viewing field effect, and also has high light transmittance and contrast ratio at the large viewing angle, and a picture displayed by the display panel can be seen even at the large viewing angle.
In the wide viewing angle mode, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 121, a corresponding gray scale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 122, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 122 and the common electrode 121, and a horizontal electric field (E1 in fig. 6) is generated, so that positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel unit CP deflect in a horizontal direction in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 122, the display pixel unit CP presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display device in the wide viewing angle mode.
Fig. 9 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel at a narrow viewing angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with a narrow viewing angle according to the first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the full narrow viewing angle mode, the common electric signal Vcom is applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113, the narrow viewing angle electric signal V2 is applied to all the viewing angle control electrodes 123, and the voltage difference between the narrow viewing angle electric signal V2 and the common electric signal Vcom is greater than a second preset value (e.g., greater than 1.6V) and less than a third preset value (e.g., less than 4.0V), wherein the first preset value < the second preset value < the third preset value. A strong vertical electric field (E2 in fig. 10) is formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and the viewing angle control electrode 123, the positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP are greatly deflected and have the same inclined posture, and all the viewing angle pixel units VP leak light under a large viewing angle, so that the display panel displays at a full narrow viewing angle. The area substrate corresponding to the display pixel unit CP has no vertical electric field, so the positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel unit CP are all in a lying posture, but the whole display panel presents a full narrow viewing angle display due to the light leakage effect of the viewing angle pixel unit VP under a large viewing angle.
Fig. 11 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and transmittance of a display panel in a narrow viewing angle bright/dark state according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 12 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and contrast ratio of a display panel at a narrow viewing angle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, in the bright state (curve N2 in fig. 11) of the full-narrow viewing angle mode, the central light transmittance of the display panel is low relative to the large viewing angle, and light leakage occurs at the large viewing angle, whereas in the dark state (curve N1 in fig. 11) of the full-narrow viewing angle mode, the light transmittance of the display panel is still high at the large viewing angle, and although the light transmittance is high at the large viewing angle, the contrast ratio is low at the large viewing angle, and the display panel is seen to display a whitened picture at the large viewing angle, so that the displayed content cannot be seen clearly, thereby realizing the narrow viewing angle display.
In the full-narrow viewing angle mode, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 121, a corresponding gray-scale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 122, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 122 and the common electrode 121, and a horizontal electric field (E1 in fig. 10) is generated, so that positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel unit CP deflect in a horizontal direction in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field, the gray-scale voltage includes 0-255 gray-scale voltages, and when different gray-scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 122, the display pixel unit CP presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display device in the full-narrow viewing angle mode.
Because each view angle control electrode 123 is controlled by a second thin film transistor 4 alone, each view angle pixel unit VP can independently control the wide and narrow view angle effects, and only the view angle pixel unit VP corresponding to the wide view angle area needs to be controlled to realize the wide view angle effects and the view angle pixel unit VP corresponding to the narrow view angle area needs to be controlled to realize the narrow view angle effects in the local narrow view angle mode, and of course, the narrow view angle area can be adjusted according to actual needs. Specifically, referring to fig. 5 and 6, for a wide viewing angle region, a common electric signal Vcom is applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113, a wide viewing angle electric signal V1 is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the wide viewing angle region, a voltage difference between the wide viewing angle electric signal V1 and the common electric signal Vcom is smaller than a first preset value (e.g., smaller than 1.2V), a vertical electric field is not substantially formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the wide viewing angle region, positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP in the wide viewing angle region are not substantially deflected, and an initial lying state is maintained (fig. 6), at which the display panel exhibits a wide viewing angle display in the wide viewing angle region. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, for a narrow viewing angle region, a voltage difference between the narrow viewing angle electric signal V2 and the common electric signal Vcom is greater than a second preset value (e.g., greater than 1.6V) and less than a third preset value (e.g., less than 4.0V) by applying the narrow viewing angle electric signal V2 to the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the narrow viewing angle region, a strong vertical electric field (e.g., E2 in fig. 10) is formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 and the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the narrow viewing angle region, positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP in the narrow viewing angle region are greatly deflected and take the same angular inclined posture, and the viewing angle pixel units VP in the narrow viewing angle region appear at a large viewing angle, at which time the display panel exhibits a narrow viewing angle display in the narrow viewing angle region. Since the area substrate corresponding to the display pixel unit CP has no vertical electric field, all the positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel unit CP are in a flat lying posture, regardless of the wide viewing angle area or the narrow viewing angle area.
In the local narrow viewing angle mode, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 121, a corresponding gray scale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 122, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 122 and the common electrode 121, and a horizontal electric field is generated, so that positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel unit CP deflect in a horizontal direction towards a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field, the gray scale voltage comprises 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 122, the display pixel unit CP presents different brightness, so that different pictures are displayed, and normal display of the display device in the local narrow viewing angle mode is realized.
Fig. 13 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel in displaying a logo according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a display panel in the first embodiment of the present invention, in which the logo is displayed in the logo pattern area. Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-logo pattern area of a display panel in displaying a logo according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 13 and 15, in the logo display mode, the common electric signal Vcom is applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113, the first narrow viewing angle electric signal V21 is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the logo pattern area, the second narrow viewing angle electric signal V22 is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the non-logo pattern area, and the pressure difference between the first narrow viewing angle electric signal V21 and the common electric signal Vcom and the pressure difference between the second narrow viewing angle electric signal V22 and the common electric signal Vcom are both greater than a second preset value (for example, greater than 1.6V) and less than a third preset value (for example, less than 4.0V). A strong first vertical electric field (E21 in fig. 14) is formed between the viewing angle control electrode 123 and the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 in the identification pattern region, a strong second vertical electric field (E22 in fig. 15) is formed between the viewing angle control electrode 123 and the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113 in the non-identification pattern region, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP in the identification pattern region and the non-identification pattern region are both deflected greatly, the positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP in the identification pattern region are inclined at a first angle, the positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP in the non-identification pattern region are inclined at a second angle, and the viewing angle pixel units VP in the identification pattern region and the non-identification pattern region have different light leakage effects under a large viewing angle. Whether the pattern area is marked or not, all positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units CP are in a flat lying posture because the area substrate corresponding to the display pixel units CP has no vertical electric field.
It can be appreciated that, since each viewing angle control electrode 123 is controlled by one second thin film transistor 4 alone, each viewing angle pixel unit VP can independently control different narrow viewing angle effects, and thus, a user can set the pattern of the identification pattern region according to actual needs, that is, can change the LOGO pattern.
In the present embodiment, the voltage difference between the first narrow viewing angle electric signal V21 and the common electric signal Vcom is larger than the voltage difference between the second narrow viewing angle electric signal V22 and the common electric signal Vcom, so that the first angle is larger than the second angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the voltage difference between the first narrow viewing angle electrical signal V21 and the common electrical signal Vcom may also be smaller than the voltage difference between the second narrow viewing angle electrical signal V22 and the common electrical signal Vcom, such that the first angle is smaller than the second angle.
Fig. 16 is a simulation diagram of viewing angle and transmittance of the display panel in the dark state, which identifies the pattern area and the non-identification pattern area in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 16, a curve N1 is a simulation curve for identifying the viewing angle and the transmittance of the pattern area, and a curve N3 is a simulation curve for identifying the viewing angle and the transmittance of the non-pattern area. Since the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the logo pattern region and the viewing angle control electrode 123 in the non-logo pattern region apply electrical signals having different magnitudes in the logo display mode, positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units VP in the logo pattern region and the non-logo pattern region may deflect at different angles, light leakage degrees of the logo pattern region and the non-logo pattern region at the same side viewing angle may be different, and light transmittance of the logo pattern region and the non-logo pattern region at the same side viewing angle may be different. Thus, in the LOGO display mode, the LOGO pattern can be highlighted when viewed from a side view, thereby enhancing the branding effect of the product.
In the display mode, the display panel displays a clearer logo pattern in a dark state, so that the display pixel units CP may be in a black state, i.e., no gray voltage is applied to the pixel electrodes 122. Of course, the display panel may display the logo pattern in the bright state, but the definition of the logo pattern is worse than that of the logo pattern in the dark state, that is, when the common electrode 121 is applied with the common voltage and the pixel electrode 122 is applied with the corresponding gray scale voltage, the voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 122 and the common electrode 121 and the horizontal electric field is generated (E1 in fig. 14 and 15), so that the positive liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel unit CP deflect in the horizontal direction in the direction parallel to the horizontal electric field, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when the pixel electrode 122 is applied with different gray scale voltages, the display pixel unit CP presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, so as to realize the normal display of the display device in the logo display mode.
Example two
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 17, the display panel and the driving method thereof with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 6), except that in the present embodiment, the array substrate 12 is provided with a common electrode 121 matched with a pixel electrode 122, and the common electrode 121 and the pixel electrode 122 are located in different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 121 is a planar structure that entirely covers the array substrate 12, and the common electrode 121 may be located below the pixel electrode 122 (fig. 17), and since the common electrode 121 is a planar structure that entirely covers the array substrate 12, the common electrode 121 cannot be located above the pixel electrode 122 to avoid shielding signals on the pixel electrode 122.
Since the viewing angle control electrode 123 has a block structure corresponding to the viewing angle pixel unit VP, the viewing angle control electrode 123 can substantially shield the common electrode 121 from the influence of the vertical electric field between the viewing angle control electrode 123 and the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 113. In addition, the edges of the viewing angle control electrode 123 form a certain fringe electric field with the common electrode 121, so that the edge-type positive liquid crystal molecules driving the viewing angle control electrode 123 are horizontally deflected, but a problem of light leakage does not occur substantially at the edges of the viewing angle control electrode 123 due to the shielding effect of the black matrix 111. Therefore, the common electrode 121 is formed in a planar structure covering the entire surface of the array substrate 12, which does not affect the narrow viewing angle effect and the screen display effect, and the second opening 121a (fig. 4) is not required to be etched at the common electrode 121, so that the resistance of the common electrode 121 is reduced and the power consumption is reduced.
In this embodiment, a display device is further provided, which includes the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the backlight module 30, where the backlight module 30 is located below the display panel and is used for providing a backlight source for the display panel. The display device in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
The embodiment also provides a driving method for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles. The driving method in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example III
Fig. 18 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 18, the display panel and the driving method thereof with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the third embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 16), except that in the present embodiment, the display pixel units CP and the viewing angle pixel units VP are connected to different data lines 2 respectively in the row direction and the column direction. That is, among the adjacent two data lines 2, one data line 2 is used to connect to the pixel electrodes 122 on both sides of the data line 2, and the other data line 2 is connected to the viewing angle control electrodes 123 on both sides of the data line 2. For example, an odd number of data lines 2 are connected to the pixel electrodes 122 on both sides of the data lines 2, and an even number of data lines 2 are connected to the viewing angle control electrodes 123 on both sides of the data lines 2. Thus, the display pixel unit CP and the viewing angle pixel unit VP can each employ one driving chip, and the driving process can be simplified.
In this embodiment, a display device is further provided, which includes the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the backlight module 30, where the backlight module 30 is located below the display panel and is used for providing a backlight source for the display panel. The display device in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
The embodiment also provides a driving method for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles. The driving method in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example IV
Fig. 19 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 19, the display panel and the driving method for the wide-narrow view angle switchable display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 16) and the third embodiment (fig. 18), and are different in that in the present embodiment, the area of the view angle pixel unit VP is smaller than the area of the display pixel unit CP, for example, the ratio of the area of the view angle pixel unit VP to the area of the display pixel unit CP is greater than or equal to 30% and smaller than 100%. The scan lines 1 are in a zigzag shape, and two adjacent scan lines 1 are in a symmetrical structure in the column direction, that is, two adjacent scan lines 1 are in an up-down symmetrical structure. Two adjacent scanning lines 1 are bent towards the direction of the visual angle pixel unit VP at the visual angle pixel unit VP, and two adjacent scanning lines 1 are bent away from the direction of the display pixel unit CP at the display pixel unit CP.
Since the viewing angle pixel units VP are used to control the switching of the viewing angle, and the black screen is displayed in front view, the actual display resolution is halved, and therefore, by reducing the area of the viewing angle pixel units VP and setting the scanning lines 1 to a zigzag structure, the problem of resolution degradation can be improved, that is, the resolution can be improved relative to the first and third embodiments.
In this embodiment, a display device is further provided, which includes the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the backlight module 30, where the backlight module 30 is located below the display panel and is used for providing a backlight source for the display panel. The display device in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
The embodiment also provides a driving method for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles. The driving method in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and will not be described herein.
Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of the display device of the present invention, and fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of the display device of the present invention. Referring to fig. 20 and 21, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 40 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view angle switching key 40 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 20), or may be a software control or Application (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 21, for example, a slider bar to set a wide and narrow view angle). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 40, and finally, a viewing angle switching signal is applied to the corresponding viewing angle control electrode 123 under the control of the driving chip 50, so that the display device can realize the switching among the wide viewing angle, the full narrow viewing angle, the local narrow viewing angle and the logo display.
In this document, terms such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, etc. are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures with respect to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., as used herein, are used merely for distinguishing between names and not for limiting the number and order.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The display panel with the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles is characterized by comprising a color film substrate (11), an array substrate (12) arranged opposite to the color film substrate (11) and a liquid crystal layer (13) arranged between the color film substrate (11) and the array substrate (12), wherein a plurality of display pixel units (CP) and a plurality of viewing angle pixel units (VP) are formed by mutually insulating and crossing a plurality of scanning lines (1) and a plurality of data lines (2) on the array substrate (12), a pixel electrode (122) and a first thin film transistor (3) are arranged in each display pixel unit (CP), the pixel electrode (122) is electrically connected with the scanning lines (1) adjacent to the first thin film transistor (3) through the first thin film transistor (3), a viewing angle control electrode (123) and a second thin film transistor (4) are arranged in each viewing angle pixel unit (VP), a viewing angle control electrode (123) is electrically connected with the second thin film transistor (4) adjacent to the scanning lines (1) and the second thin film transistor (2), and the viewing angle control electrode (123) is electrically connected with the auxiliary thin film electrode (113) through the second thin film transistor (4);
in the wide viewing angle mode, all liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (13) are in a lying posture;
In the full narrow viewing angle mode, liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units (VP) are all in inclined postures with the same angle, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units (CP) are all in flat postures;
in the local narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units (VP) in the narrow viewing angle area are in the inclined postures of the same angle, and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units (CP) in the narrow viewing angle area and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the wide viewing angle area are in the lying postures;
when the display mode is marked, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the visual angle pixel units (VP) in the mark pattern area are in an inclined posture of a first angle, the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the visual angle pixel units (VP) in the non-mark pattern area are in an inclined posture of a second angle, and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units (CP) in the mark pattern area and the non-mark pattern area are in a lying posture.
2. The wide-and-narrow-viewing-angle switchable display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the display pixel units (CP) and the viewing-angle pixel units (VP) are alternately arranged with each other in the row direction as well as in the column direction.
3. A display panel switchable between wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 2, characterized in that the display pixel units (CP) and the viewing angle pixel units (VP) located in the same column are connected to the same data line (2).
4. A display panel switchable between wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 2, characterized in that the display pixel units (CP) and the viewing angle pixel units (VP) are connected to different ones of the data lines (2) in the row direction and in the column direction, respectively.
5. The wide-narrow viewing angle switchable display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the area of the viewing angle pixel unit (VP) is smaller than the area of the display pixel unit (CP), the scanning lines (1) are in a polygonal shape, two adjacent scanning lines (1) are symmetrical structures in the column direction, two adjacent scanning lines (1) are bent towards the direction of the viewing angle pixel unit (VP) at the viewing angle pixel unit (VP), and two adjacent scanning lines (1) are bent away from the direction of the display pixel unit (CP) at the display pixel unit (CP).
6. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the viewing angle auxiliary electrode (113) is provided with a first opening (113 a), and the first opening (113 a) corresponds to the display pixel unit (CP).
7. The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a common electrode (121) matched with the pixel electrode (122) is arranged on the array substrate (12), and the common electrode (121) is a planar structure which covers the whole surface of the array substrate (12); or a second opening (121 a) is arranged on the common electrode (121), and the second opening (121 a) corresponds to the visual angle pixel unit (VP).
8. A driving method for driving the wide-narrow viewing angle switchable display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
in a wide viewing angle mode, applying a common electric signal (Vcom) to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode (113), applying a wide viewing angle electric signal (V1) to all the viewing angle control electrodes (123), wherein the pressure difference between the wide viewing angle electric signal (V1) and the common electric signal (Vcom) is smaller than a first preset value, and all liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (13) are in a lying posture;
in a full narrow viewing angle mode, applying a common electric signal (Vcom) to the viewing angle auxiliary electrodes (113), applying a narrow viewing angle electric signal (V2) to all the viewing angle control electrodes (123), wherein a pressure difference between the narrow viewing angle electric signal (V2) and the common electric signal (Vcom) is larger than a second preset value and smaller than a third preset value, liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units (VP) are all in inclined postures with the same angle, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units (CP) are all in flat lying postures;
in a local narrow viewing angle mode, applying a common electric signal (Vcom) to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode (113), applying a wide viewing angle electric signal (V1) to the viewing angle control electrode (123) in a wide viewing angle region, applying a narrow viewing angle electric signal (V2) to the viewing angle control electrode (123) in a narrow viewing angle region, wherein liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the viewing angle pixel units (VP) in the narrow viewing angle region are in an inclined posture of the same angle, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the display pixel units (CP) in the narrow viewing angle region and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the wide viewing angle region are in a lying posture;
In the identification display mode, a common electric signal (Vcom) is applied to the visual angle auxiliary electrode (113), a first narrow visual angle electric signal (V21) is applied to the visual angle control electrode (123) in an identification pattern area, a second narrow visual angle electric signal (V22) is applied to the visual angle control electrode (123) in a non-identification pattern area, a pressure difference between the first narrow visual angle electric signal (V21) and the common electric signal (Vcom) and a pressure difference between the second narrow visual angle electric signal (V22) and the common electric signal (Vcom) are both larger than a second preset value and smaller than a third preset value, liquid crystal molecules corresponding to visual angle pixel units (VP) in the identification pattern area are in a first angle inclined posture, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to visual angle pixel units (VP) in the non-identification pattern area are in a second angle inclined posture, and liquid crystal molecules corresponding to display pixel units (CP) in the identification pattern area and the non-identification pattern area are in a flat posture;
wherein the first preset value is less than the second preset value and less than the third preset value.
9. The driving method according to claim 1, wherein a pressure difference between the first narrow viewing angle electrical signal (V21) and the common electrical signal (Vcom) is larger than a pressure difference between the second narrow viewing angle electrical signal (V22) and the common electrical signal (Vcom), the first angle being larger than the second angle; or a voltage difference between the first narrow viewing angle electrical signal (V21) and the common electrical signal (Vcom) is smaller than a voltage difference between the second narrow viewing angle electrical signal (V22) and the common electrical signal (Vcom), the first angle being smaller than the second angle.
10. A display device comprising the switchable wide-narrow viewing angle display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310436928.3A CN116338995A (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310436928.3A CN116338995A (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116338995A true CN116338995A (en) | 2023-06-27 |
Family
ID=86889540
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310436928.3A Pending CN116338995A (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116338995A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-04-21 CN CN202310436928.3A patent/CN116338995A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN213023865U (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device | |
| KR101157975B1 (en) | Method For Driving Liquid Crystal Display Device | |
| CN109100881A (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and display device | |
| CN112068340B (en) | Display panel with switchable viewing angle, display device and driving method | |
| CN110824739B (en) | Display panel, control method and display device | |
| CN112987350B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device | |
| CN215813619U (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device | |
| CN114624907B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN108983462A (en) | The driving method of liquid crystal display device | |
| CN108710243A (en) | Liquid crystal display panel light-shielding structure and liquid crystal display panel | |
| CN110426887A (en) | Display panel and display device | |
| KR100920355B1 (en) | thin film diode panel for liquid crystal display and liquid crystal display including the panel | |
| CN115023644B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN114675441B (en) | Wide-narrow visual angle zoned switchable display panel, driving method and display device | |
| CN109633936B (en) | Liquid crystal display device and driving method | |
| CN113917721B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN109521618A (en) | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device | |
| CN116338995A (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN114415401B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN220357398U (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device | |
| CN114660841B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN217718339U (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device | |
| CN115128855B (en) | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device | |
| CN114942535B (en) | Display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and driving method | |
| CN218917881U (en) | Array substrate, display panel and display device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |