CN115128855B - Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device - Google Patents

Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115128855B
CN115128855B CN202210738315.0A CN202210738315A CN115128855B CN 115128855 B CN115128855 B CN 115128855B CN 202210738315 A CN202210738315 A CN 202210738315A CN 115128855 B CN115128855 B CN 115128855B
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China
Prior art keywords
electrode
viewing angle
display
display panel
substrate
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CN202210738315.0A
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CN115128855A (en
Inventor
房耸
李红侠
李菁
王联财
井晓静
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InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
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InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel with a switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method and a display device, wherein the display panel is provided with a graphical identification pattern area and a non-identification pattern area, and comprises a dimming box and a display box which are mutually overlapped; the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate is provided with a common visual angle electrode, the second substrate is provided with a first visual angle electrode, a second visual angle electrode and an electrode net arranged on the whole surface, the first visual angle electrode and the second visual angle electrode are positioned on the same layer and are mutually insulated and spaced, the first visual angle electrode and the electrode net are positioned on different layers and are mutually electrically connected, the first visual angle electrode corresponds to the identification pattern area, and the second visual angle electrode corresponds to the non-identification pattern area; in the wide view angle mode, the light transmittance of the identification pattern area and the non-identification pattern area at the same side view angle is the same; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the light transmittance of the logo pattern area and the non-logo pattern area is different at the same side viewing angle to display the logo pattern.

Description

Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a driving method and a display device.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the visual angle of the display is widened to more than 160 degrees from the original 112 degrees, and people enjoy the visual experience brought by a large visual angle and meanwhile want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by screen information leakage. In addition to the wide viewing angle requirement, there are many occasions where the display device is required to have a function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
At present, the shutter shielding film is attached to the display screen to realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching, when peep prevention is needed, the shutter shielding film is utilized to shield the screen, so that the viewing angle can be reduced, but the shutter shielding film is additionally prepared in the mode, great inconvenience is caused to a user, one shutter shielding film can only realize one viewing angle, once the shutter shielding film is attached, the viewing angle is fixed in a narrow viewing angle mode, free switching cannot be performed between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode, and the peep prevention sheet can cause luminance reduction to influence the display effect.
In the prior art, a dimming box and a display panel are used for realizing switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, the display panel is used for normal picture display, the dimming box is used for controlling viewing angle switching, the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, viewing angle control electrodes on the first substrate and the second substrate apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules, so that the liquid crystal deflects towards the vertical direction, and a narrow viewing angle mode is realized. Switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved by controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode.
In order to improve the competitiveness of the product, the display panel of the prior art can also see the LOGO (trademark) pattern of the highlighted product when displaying the picture at a narrow viewing angle. However, since the LOGO pattern area and other areas are driven by electrodes of different layers, the reflectivity to ambient light is different due to the different electrode layer structures, so that the LOGO pattern is still seen in a wide viewing angle or black state, which affects the uniformity of the display in the wide viewing angle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, a driving method and a display device, so as to solve the problem that the display panel for displaying LOGO in the prior art has uneven display.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display panel with a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle, which is provided with a graphical identification pattern area and a non-identification pattern area, and comprises a dimming box and a display box which are mutually overlapped;
the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, a common view angle electrode is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, a first view angle electrode, a second view angle electrode and an electrode net are arranged on the whole, the first view angle electrode and the second view angle electrode are positioned on the same layer and are mutually insulated and spaced, the first view angle electrode and the second view angle electrode are matched with the common view angle electrode, the first view angle electrode and the electrode net are positioned on different layers and are mutually and electrically connected, the first view angle electrode corresponds to the identification pattern area, and the second view angle electrode corresponds to the non-identification pattern area;
in a wide viewing angle mode, the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode apply electric signals with the same amplitude, and the light transmittance of the identification pattern area and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern area in the same side viewing angle are the same; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode apply electric signals with different magnitudes, and the light transmittance of the identification pattern area and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern area in the same side viewing angle are different.
Further, the electrode net includes a first electrode net and a second electrode net insulated from each other and spaced apart from each other, the first electrode net extending from the identification pattern region to the non-display region of the display panel, the first viewing angle electrode being electrically connected to the first electrode net.
Further, the second viewing angle electrode and the second electrode mesh are electrically connected with each other.
Further, a plurality of first contact holes are formed between the first visual angle electrode and the first electrode net, and a plurality of second contact holes are formed between the second visual angle electrode and the second electrode net; the projection part of the first electrode net and the second visual angle electrode on the second substrate is overlapped, a plurality of third contact holes are formed between the first electrode net and the second visual angle electrode in the overlapped area, the first electrode net is provided with a plurality of mutually-intersected electrode wires, and the electrode wires corresponding to the third contact holes are mutually disconnected and insulated from the first electrode net.
Further, the projections of the first contact hole, the second contact hole and the third contact hole on the electrode net are uniformly distributed.
Further, the dimming box is provided with a first signal wire electrically connected with the electrode network, a second signal wire electrically connected with the second viewing angle electrode and a third signal wire electrically connected with the common viewing angle electrode in a non-display area at the edge, and the first signal wire, the second signal wire and the third signal wire are led out around the edge of the dimming box.
Further, the identification pattern region is located at the center of the display panel.
Further, the display box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate; the light modulation box is far away from one side of the display box is provided with a first polaroid, a second polaroid is arranged between the light modulation box and the display box, one side of the display box, which is far away from the light modulation box, is provided with a third polaroid, the light transmission shaft of the first polaroid is parallel to the light transmission shaft of the second polaroid, and the light transmission shaft of the third polaroid is perpendicular to the light transmission shaft of the second polaroid.
The present invention also provides a driving method of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as described above, the driving method comprising:
In the wide viewing angle mode, a first electric signal is applied to a common viewing angle electrode, a second electric signal is applied to both the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode, the pressure difference between the second electric signal and the first electric signal is smaller than a first preset value or larger than a second preset value, and the light transmittance of the identification pattern area and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern area in the same side viewing angle are the same;
in a narrow viewing angle mode, applying a first electric signal to a common viewing angle electrode, applying a third electric signal to the first viewing angle electrode and applying a fourth electric signal to the second viewing angle electrode, wherein the third electric signal and the fourth electric signal have the same frequency and polarity and different amplitudes, the pressure difference between the third electric signal and the first electric signal and the pressure difference between the fourth electric signal and the first electric signal are both larger than a third preset value and smaller than a fourth preset value, and the light transmittance of the identification pattern area and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern area in the same side viewing angle are different;
the second preset value is larger than the fourth preset value, and the first preset value is smaller than or equal to the third preset value.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the first visual angle electrode and the second visual angle electrode are arranged in the dimming box, the first visual angle electrode is of a graphical structure, when in a narrow visual angle mode, the first visual angle electrode and the second visual angle electrode apply electric signals with different amplitudes, the light transmittance of the identification pattern area and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern area in the same side view angle are different, so that the brightness of the identification pattern area and the brightness of the non-identification pattern area are different when in the same side view angle, and the side view angle can see the graph corresponding to the identification pattern area, namely the trademark pattern, so that the brand effect is enhanced; the first view angle electrode and the second view angle electrode are arranged on the same layer, so that the reflectivity of the first view angle electrode and the second view angle electrode to ambient light is consistent, the display uniformity is improved, the patterns of the identification pattern area can be prevented from being seen in a wide view angle or black state, and the manufacturing process can be simplified; in addition, the electrode net with the whole surface is arranged, so that not only can the electric signal be applied to the first visual angle electrode, but also the problem of interference fringes can be avoided, and the display uniformity is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle electrode and a second viewing angle electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode network and signal lines according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a signal waveform diagram of a display panel with a narrow viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a simulation diagram of corresponding viewing angles and transmittance of a display device under different driving voltages according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a signal line and an electrode network in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 13A in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a planar structure of a display device according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a second planar structure of the display device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description is given of the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the display panel and driving method, display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, which are proposed according to the invention, by combining the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiment:
example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with a narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle electrode and a second viewing angle electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electrode network and a signal line according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, in the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the present invention, the display panel has a patterned LOGO pattern area 110 and a non-LOGO pattern area 120 (fig. 4), and the pattern of the LOGO pattern area 110 can be set according to the LOGO pattern to be displayed actually (in this embodiment, the letter "IVO" is used as the LOGO pattern to be displayed in the LOGO pattern area 110). It is understood that the display panel has a display area and a non-display area, and the LOGO pattern area 110 and the non-LOGO pattern area 120 are both located in the display area, thereby displaying the LOGO pattern.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the display panel includes a dimming case 10 and a display case 20 which are disposed to be stacked on each other. In the present embodiment, the dimming box 10 is disposed above the display box 20, that is, the dimming box 10 is located on the light emitting side of the display box 20. The dimming box 10 is used for controlling the wide-narrow viewing angle switching of the display panel, and the display box 20 is used for controlling the display panel to display normal pictures. Of course, the dimming box 10 may also be disposed below the display box 20, that is, the dimming box 10 is located on the light incident side of the display box 20.
The dimming box 10 comprises a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 arranged opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 arranged between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first substrate 11 is provided with a common viewing angle electrode 111 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, the second substrate 12 is provided with a first viewing angle electrode 121, a second viewing angle electrode 122 and an electrode network arranged on the whole surface on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are positioned on the same layer and are mutually insulated and spaced, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are matched with the common viewing angle electrode 111, and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the electrode network are positioned on different layers and are mutually electrically connected. The first viewing angle electrode 121 corresponds to the identification pattern region 110, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 corresponds to the non-identification pattern region 120. The deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled by controlling the pressure difference between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, thereby achieving control of the wide-narrow viewing angle switching.
In the application, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are arranged on the same layer and are mutually insulated and spaced, so that the reflectivity of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 to ambient light is consistent, the uniformity of display is improved, the patterns of the identification pattern area can be prevented from being seen in a wide viewing angle or black state, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. The electrode net is provided over the entire surface, so that not only can an electric signal be applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 through the electrode net, but also the problem of occurrence of interference fringes can be avoided, and the uniformity of display can be further improved. If the electrode bars are disposed only under the first viewing angle electrode 121, an electric signal is applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 through the electrode bars, and the electrode bars are not disposed in other regions, the light transmittance of the electrode bar regions is different from that of the other regions, so that interference fringes may occur, resulting in uneven display.
Preferably, the electrode mesh is disposed at the lower sides of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, and is spaced apart by an insulating layer. In other embodiments, the electrode mesh is disposed on the upper sides of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 and is spaced apart from the insulating layer, but the electrode mesh may affect the electric field formed between the first viewing angle electrode 121, the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the common viewing angle electrode 111.
The first liquid crystal layer 13 preferably employs positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy. The phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is preferably 700nm, optionally in the range 500nm < phase retardation < 1000nm. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the first substrate 11 is parallel or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the second substrate 12, so that the dimming cell 10 exhibits a wide viewing angle display in the initial state, as shown in fig. 1. When it is required to realize the narrow viewing angle display, the viewing angle control voltages are applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, so that a large voltage difference is formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 and a strong electric field is formed, so as to drive the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to deflect in the vertical direction, thereby making the dimming box 10 exhibit the narrow viewing angle display, as shown in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the identification pattern area 110 is located at the center of the display panel, and the other areas of the display panel except for the identification pattern area 110 are non-identification pattern areas 120. Of course, the location of LOGO pattern area 110 may also be set according to the location where the LOGO pattern is to be displayed.
Further, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 have a gap between projections on the second substrate 12, so that the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are insulated from each other. The gap size d between the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 is 3-5um.
In this embodiment, the electrode network includes a first electrode network 123 and a second electrode network 124 insulated from each other and spaced apart, the first electrode network 123 extends from the identification pattern region 110 to the non-display region of the display panel, and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the first electrode network 123 are electrically connected to each other, i.e., an electrical signal is applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 through the first electrode network 123.
Further, a plurality of first contact holes are formed between the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the first electrode net 123, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is in conductive contact with the first electrode net 123 through the plurality of first contact holes, and the first electrode net 123 not only can apply an electrical signal to the first viewing angle electrode 121, but also can reduce the resistance of the first viewing angle electrode 121. The black dots in fig. 6 indicate the positions of the contact holes.
As shown in fig. 6, the dimming box 10 is further provided with a first signal line 1 electrically connected to the electrode network, a second signal line 2 electrically connected to the second viewing angle electrode 122, and a third signal line 3 electrically connected to the common viewing angle electrode 111 in the non-display area at the edge, wherein the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2, and the third signal line 3 are led out around the edge of the dimming box 10. Preferably, the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2, the third signal line 3, the first electrode net 123 and the second electrode net 124 are located at the same layer and made of the same metal layer, the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2 and the third signal line 3 are located in the non-display area of the edge, and the first electrode net 123 and the second electrode net 124 are located in the display area. The first viewing angle electrode 121 is in conductive contact with the first electrode network 123 through a plurality of first contact holes, and the first electrode network 123 is electrically connected with the first signal line 1 in the non-display area; the second viewing angle electrode 122 is electrically connected to the second signal line 2 through a contact hole in the non-display region, and the common viewing angle electrode 111 is electrically connected to the third signal line 3 through a contact hole and conductive paste in the non-display region. Of course, in other embodiments, the first electrode network 123 and the second electrode network 124 may be disconnected differently, i.e. the first electrode network 123 and the second electrode network 124 are electrically connected, but the edge of the second electrode network 124 needs to be spaced apart from the second signal line 2.
Further, the first viewing electrode 121 is further provided with a first bridge hole and a first bridge electrode, where the first bridge hole and the first bridge electrode are used to connect two portions of the first viewing electrode 121 separated by the second viewing electrode 122, for example, a gap is formed between three letters in the letter "IVO", the gap is provided with the second viewing electrode 122, and the three letters "IVO" are separated by the second viewing electrode 122, so that the first bridge electrode needs to be provided to connect the three letters "IVO" together. Wherein the first bridge electrode and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are located at different layers. In this embodiment, since the first electrode net 123 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are located at different layers, the first electrode net 123 may serve as a first bridge electrode, and as shown in fig. 6, the first electrode net 123 connects three letters together. Of course, the second viewing angle electrode 122 is also provided with a second bridge hole and a second bridge electrode for connecting together two portions of the second viewing angle electrode 122 that are separated by the first viewing angle electrode 121. For example, the letter "O" has a region surrounded to be closed, and the second viewing electrode 122 within the closed region and the second viewing electrode 122 outside the closed region are separated by the first viewing electrode 121, so that the two portions need to be electrically connected using the second bridging hole and the second bridging electrode. Wherein the second bridge electrode and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are located at different layers. Of course, in the embodiment in which the second viewing electrode 122 is electrically connected to the second electrode mesh 124, since the second electrode mesh 124 is located at a different layer from the second viewing electrode 122, the second electrode mesh 124 may serve as a second bridge electrode to connect the two portions of the second viewing electrode 122 separated by the first viewing electrode 121, as shown in fig. 6. It will be appreciated that in practice, it is desirable to determine that the bridging holes and bridging electrodes need not be provided according to the actual pattern of the LOGO.
In this embodiment, the display cell 20 is preferably a liquid crystal cell. Of course, in other embodiments, the display box 20 may be a self-luminous display (e.g. OLED display, micro LED display), but the dimming box 10 needs to be disposed above the display box 20.
The display box 20 includes a color film substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color film substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the color film substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. The second liquid crystal layer 23 preferably employs positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color film substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, and the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the color film substrate 21 are aligned parallel or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the array substrate 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 23 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 may be aligned perpendicular to the color film substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, i.e. in an alignment manner similar to the VA display mode.
Further, a first polarizer 31 is disposed on a side of the light modulation box 10 away from the display box 20, a second polarizer 32 is disposed between the light modulation box 10 and the display box 20, a third polarizer 33 is disposed on a side of the display box 20 away from the light modulation box 10, a light transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 is parallel to a light transmission axis of the second polarizer 32, and a light transmission axis of the third polarizer 33 is perpendicular to a light transmission axis of the second polarizer 32.
The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 may be perpendicular to the transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32, for example, the transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32 are 0 ° and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 90 °. Of course, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 may be parallel to the transmission axes of the first and second polarizers 31 and 32, for example, the transmission axes of the first and second polarizers 31 and 32 are 90 ° and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 90 °.
The color film substrate 21 is provided with a color resistance layer 212 arranged in an array and a black matrix 211 for spacing the color resistance layer 212, wherein the color resistance layer 212 comprises red (R), green (G) and blue (B) color resistance materials, and sub-pixels of the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) colors are correspondingly formed.
The array substrate 22 is defined by a plurality of scan lines (not shown) and a plurality of data lines (not shown) on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and each pixel unit is provided therein with a pixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor (not shown), and the pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line adjacent to the thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, wherein the gate electrode and the scan line are disposed on the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are separated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 222 are electrically connected by a contact hole.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located on different layers and are insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (the common electrode 221 is shown below the pixel electrode 222 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed entirely, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed entirely within each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a fringe field switching pattern (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located at the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include a plurality of electrode bars, and the electrode bars of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode bars of the common electrode 221 are alternately arranged with each other to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS); alternatively, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with the pixel electrode 222 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color film substrate 21 is provided with the common electrode 221 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode.
The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color film substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like. The materials of the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121, the second viewing angle electrode 122, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like. The electrode mesh may be made of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), or the like, or a combination of the above metals, for example, a metal having a small resistance such as Al/Mo, cu/Mo, or the like.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with the switchable wide and narrow visual angles and the backlight module 40, wherein the backlight module 40 is positioned below the display panel and is used for providing a backlight source for the display panel. Of course, if the display case 20 employs a self-luminous display, the display device does not need to be additionally provided with a backlight.
The backlight module 40 includes a backlight 41 and a peep-proof layer 43, wherein the peep-proof layer 43 is used for reducing the range of the light emitting angle. A brightness enhancement film 42 is further disposed between the backlight 41 and the peep-proof layer 43, and the brightness enhancement film 42 increases the brightness of the backlight module 40. The peep-proof layer 43 is a micro shutter structure, which can block light with a larger incident angle, so that light with a smaller incident angle passes through the shutter structure, and the angle range of the light passing through the peep-proof layer 43 is reduced. The peep-proof layer 43 comprises a plurality of parallel light-resisting walls and light holes between two adjacent light-resisting walls, and light-absorbing materials are arranged on two sides of the light-resisting walls. Of course, the backlight 41 may be a light-collecting type backlight, so that the peep-proof layer 43 is not required, but the light-collecting type backlight is more expensive than a conventional backlight.
The backlight module 40 may be a side-in type backlight module or a direct type backlight module. Preferably, the backlight module 40 adopts a collimated backlight (CBL, collimated backlight) mode, which can collect light to ensure display effect.
Example two
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a second schematic structural diagram of the display device with a wide viewing angle in the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electrode network and a signal line in the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 13 a according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 10 to 14, the display panel and the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 6), except that the dimming box 10 in the present embodiment is different from the dimming box 10 in the first embodiment, and the dimming box 10 in the present embodiment is specifically as follows:
the dimming cartridge 10 in the present embodiment includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first substrate 11 is provided with a common viewing angle electrode 111 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, the second substrate 12 is provided with a first viewing angle electrode 121, a second viewing angle electrode 122 and an electrode network arranged on the whole surface on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are positioned on the same layer and are mutually insulated and spaced, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are matched with the common viewing angle electrode 111, and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the electrode network are positioned on different layers and are mutually electrically connected. The first viewing angle electrode 121 corresponds to the identification pattern region 110, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 corresponds to the non-identification pattern region 120. The deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled by controlling the pressure difference between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, thereby achieving control of the wide-narrow viewing angle switching.
Preferably, the electrode mesh is disposed at the lower sides of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, and is spaced apart by an insulating layer. In other embodiments, the electrode mesh is disposed on the upper sides of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 and is spaced apart from the insulating layer, but the electrode mesh may affect the electric field formed between the first viewing angle electrode 121, the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the common viewing angle electrode 111.
The first liquid crystal layer 13 preferably employs positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy. The phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is preferably 700nm, optionally in the range 500nm < phase retardation < 1000nm. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the first substrate 11 is parallel or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the second substrate 12, so that the dimming cell 10 exhibits a wide viewing angle display in the initial state, as shown in fig. 10. When it is required to realize the narrow viewing angle display, the viewing angle control voltages are applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, so that a large voltage difference is formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 and a strong electric field is formed, to drive the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to deflect in the vertical direction, thereby making the dimming box 10 exhibit the narrow viewing angle display, as shown in fig. 12.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the identification pattern region 110 is located at the center of the display panel, and the other regions of the display panel except for the identification pattern region 110 are non-identification pattern regions 120. Of course, the location of LOGO pattern area 110 may also be set according to the location where the LOGO pattern is to be displayed.
Further, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 have a gap between projections on the second substrate 12, so that the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are insulated from each other. The gap size d between the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 is 3-5um.
In this embodiment, the electrode network includes a first electrode network 123 and a second electrode network 124 insulated from each other and spaced apart, the first electrode network 123 extends from the identification pattern area 110 to the non-display area of the display panel, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is electrically connected to the first electrode network 123, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 is electrically connected to the second electrode network 124, i.e. an electrical signal is applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 through the first electrode network 123 and an electrical signal is applied to the second viewing angle electrode 122 through the second electrode network 124. Since the second viewing angle electrode 122 extends to the edge of the display panel, an electric signal may be directly applied to the second viewing angle electrode 122 through the second signal line 2.
Further, a plurality of first contact holes are formed between the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the first electrode net 123, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is in conductive contact with the first electrode net 123 through the plurality of first contact holes, and the first electrode net 123 not only can apply an electrical signal to the first viewing angle electrode 121, but also can reduce the resistance of the first viewing angle electrode 121. A plurality of second contact holes are formed between the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the second electrode mesh 124, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 is in conductive contact with the second electrode mesh 124 through the plurality of second contact holes, so that the second electrode mesh 124 can apply an electrical signal to the second viewing angle electrode 122 and reduce the resistance of the second viewing angle electrode 122.
As shown in fig. 13 and 14, since the first electrode net 123 needs to transmit an electric signal from the edge of the display panel to the first viewing angle electrode 121 in the middle of the display panel and connect a plurality of isolated first viewing angle electrodes 121 together, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is surrounded by the second viewing angle electrode 122, and thus, the projections of the first electrode net 123 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 on the second substrate 12 may overlap partially. In order to further improve the uniformity of display, a plurality of third contact holes are disposed between the first electrode mesh 123 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 in the overlapping region, and the first contact holes, the second contact holes, and the third contact holes are uniformly distributed in the regions corresponding to the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122. It will be appreciated that the electrode net is formed of a plurality of electrode lines intersecting each other, and each of the first electrode net 123 and the second electrode net 124 has a plurality of electrode lines intersecting each other, and the electrode lines corresponding to the third contact holes are disconnected from each other and insulated from the first electrode net 123, thereby preventing the electric signal on the first electrode net 123 from being applied to the second viewing angle electrode 122.
Similarly, since the first viewing electrode 121 forms a closed region, for example, the letter "O" has a region surrounded by the closed region, and the second viewing electrode 122 in the closed region is separated from the second viewing electrode 122 outside the closed region by the first viewing electrode 121, the second electrode mesh 124 is required to serve as a second bridge electrode, and the two portions of the second viewing electrode 122 separated by the first viewing electrode 121 are connected together, so that the projection of the second electrode mesh 124 and the first viewing electrode 121 on the second substrate 12 also partially overlaps. In practice, the area of the overlapping region is small, and no contact hole is required. Of course, in order to further improve display uniformity, a plurality of fourth contact holes are provided between the first electrode net 123 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 in the partially overlapped region, and electrode lines corresponding to the fourth contact holes are disconnected from and insulated from the second electrode net 124, thereby preventing an electric signal on the second electrode net 124 from being applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121.
Further, the first contact hole, the second contact hole, the third contact hole and the fourth contact hole are square holes with the sizes of 5um by 5um, and of course, the first contact hole, the second contact hole, the third contact hole and the fourth contact hole can also be round holes. The contact holes are preferably provided at nodes of the electrode net, i.e., crossing positions of the electrode lines, and since the first electrode net 123 needs to apply an electrical signal to the first viewing angle electrode 121 while the electrode line corresponding to the third contact hole is disconnected from and insulated from the first electrode net 123, contact holes (first contact hole, second contact hole, third contact hole, fourth contact hole) are not provided at all nodes, and preferably, one node (crossing point between the electrode lines) is spaced between adjacent two contact holes.
As shown in fig. 13, the dimming box 10 is further provided with a first signal line 1 electrically connected to the electrode network, a second signal line 2 electrically connected to the second viewing angle electrode 122, and a third signal line 3 electrically connected to the common viewing angle electrode 111 in the non-display area at the edge, wherein the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2, and the third signal line 3 are led out around the edge of the dimming box 10. Preferably, the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2, the third signal line 3, the first electrode net 123 and the second electrode net 124 are located at the same layer and made of the same metal layer, the first signal line 1, the second signal line 2 and the third signal line 3 are located in the non-display area of the edge, and the first electrode net 123 and the second electrode net 124 are located in the display area. The first viewing angle electrode 121 is in conductive contact with the first electrode network 123 through a plurality of first contact holes, and the first electrode network 123 is electrically connected with the first signal line 1 in the non-display area; the second viewing angle electrode 122 is electrically connected to the second signal line 2 through a contact hole in the non-display area, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 is electrically contacted with the second electrode network 124 through a second contact hole in the display area, and the non-display area of the second electrode network 124 is electrically contacted with the second signal line 2; the common viewing angle electrode 111 is electrically connected to the third signal line 3 through the contact hole and the conductive paste in the non-display region.
Further, the first viewing electrode 121 is further provided with a first bridge hole and a first bridge electrode, where the first bridge hole and the first bridge electrode are used to connect two portions of the first viewing electrode 121 separated by the second viewing electrode 122, for example, a gap is formed between three letters in the letter "IVO", the gap is provided with the second viewing electrode 122, and the three letters "IVO" are separated by the second viewing electrode 122, so that the first bridge electrode needs to be provided to connect the three letters "IVO" together. Wherein the second bridge electrode and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are located at different layers. In this embodiment, since the first electrode net 123 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 are located at different layers, the first electrode net 123 may serve as a first bridge electrode, and as shown in fig. 13, the first electrode net 123 connects three letters together. Of course, the second viewing angle electrode 122 is also provided with a second bridge hole and a second bridge electrode for connecting together two portions of the second viewing angle electrode 122 that are separated by the first viewing angle electrode 121. For example, the letter "O" has a region surrounded to be closed, and the second viewing electrode 122 within the closed region and the second viewing electrode 122 outside the closed region are separated by the first viewing electrode 121, so that the two portions need to be electrically connected using the second bridging hole and the second bridging electrode. Wherein the second bridge electrode and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are located at different layers. In this embodiment, since the second electrode mesh 124 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are located in different layers, the second electrode mesh 124 can serve as a second bridge electrode to connect the two portions of the second viewing angle electrode 122 separated by the first viewing angle electrode 121 together, as shown in fig. 13. It will be appreciated that in practice, it is desirable to determine that the bridging holes and bridging electrodes need not be provided according to the actual pattern of the LOGO.
The display box 20 and the backlight module 40 in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described again here.
In contrast to the first embodiment, in this embodiment, a plurality of second contact holes are disposed between the second viewing angle electrode 122 and the second electrode mesh 124, and a plurality of third contact holes are disposed between the first electrode mesh 123 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, that is, uniformly distributed contact holes are disposed in the regions corresponding to the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, so that the uniformity of display is further improved.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Fig. 7 is a signal waveform diagram of the display device at a wide viewing angle in the present invention; fig. 8 is a signal waveform diagram of the display device of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle.
The present application also provides a driving method for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as described above (first embodiment and second embodiment), the driving method comprising:
in the wide viewing angle mode, a first electrical signal V1 is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, wherein the first electrical signal V1 is a dc common voltage signal, a second electrical signal V2 is applied to both the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, and a voltage difference between the second electrical signal V2 and the first electrical signal V1 is smaller than a first preset value (for example, smaller than 1.4V). Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 each apply a dc voltage of 0V. A vertical electric field is not formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are not deflected substantially, and keep an initial flat lying state (fig. 1 and 10), so that the light modulation box 10 presents a wide viewing angle display. Of course, the voltage difference between the second electric signal V2 and the first electric signal V1 may also be greater than a second preset value (e.g. greater than 5.0V), where the second preset value is far greater than the first preset value, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 (E2 in fig. 2 and 11), and positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are greatly deflected and perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the light modulation box 10 also presents a wide viewing angle display.
Since the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 apply the same electric signal in the wide viewing angle mode, the light transmittance of the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 is the same in the front view and the same side view, and both have higher light transmittance, and both the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 exhibit a wide viewing angle display. Since the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are located on the same layer, the reflectivity of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 to ambient light can be consistent, the uniformity of display is improved, the pattern of the identification pattern area can be prevented from being seen even in the wide viewing angle mode or the black state, so that the normal display of the wide viewing angle is affected, and the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are arranged on the same layer, so that the manufacturing process can be simplified.
Further, in the wide viewing angle mode, as an embodiment, the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121, and the second viewing angle electrode 122 apply a dc voltage of 0V, that is, the first electric signal V1 and the second electric signal V2 are both dc voltages of 0V.
As shown in fig. 8, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first electric signal V1, i.e., the dc common voltage signal, is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, the third electric signal V3 is applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121, and the fourth electric signal V4 is applied to the second viewing angle electrode 122, the magnitudes of the third electric signal V3 and the fourth electric signal V4 are different, the voltage difference between the third electric signal V3 and the first electric signal V1 and the voltage difference between the fourth electric signal V4 and the first electric signal V1 are both greater than a third preset value (e.g., greater than 1.5V) and less than a fourth preset value (e.g., less than 4.0V), wherein the third preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value, and the fourth preset value is less than or equal to the second preset value, at this time, a strong vertical electric field (E3 and E4 in fig. 3 and 12) is formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and the second viewing angle electrode 122, and the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are greatly deflected and become a large tilt state, and a large-down dimming viewing angle is performed, and the narrow viewing angle is displayed 10.
Since the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 apply the electric signals having different magnitudes in the narrow viewing angle mode, the identification pattern region 110 and the non-identification pattern region 120 are different in the angle at which the positive liquid crystal molecules in the corresponding first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected, the degree of darkening of the identification pattern region 110 and the non-identification pattern region 120 is also different in the same side viewing angle, and the transmittance of the identification pattern region 110 and the non-identification pattern region 120 is different in the same side viewing angle. Thus, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the LOGO pattern can be highlighted when viewed from a side view angle, thereby enhancing the brand effect of the product.
Further, in the narrow viewing angle mode, as an embodiment, the magnitudes of the third electric signal V3 and the fourth electric signal V4 are 1.6V-2.4V, and the third electric signal V3 and the fourth electric signal V4 are both ac voltages, and the magnitudes of the third electric signal V3 and the fourth electric signal V4 differ by 0.2V-0.5V, for example, one of the magnitudes of the third electric signal V3 and the fourth electric signal V4 is 2.0V, and the other is 1.6V.
The liquid crystal molecules are easy to generate polarization phenomenon under the action of a long-time unidirectional electric field. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the third electric signal V3 and the fourth electric signal V4 are both ac voltages, and the direction of the electric field is not a single direction but is continuously changed, so that the polarization phenomenon of the liquid crystal molecules under the action of a stronger vertical electric field can be prevented.
FIG. 9 is a simulation diagram of corresponding viewing angles and light transmittance of a display panel under different driving voltages in the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a graph of light transmittance simulation data when the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is perpendicular to the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32. As can be seen from the figure, when the driving voltages applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are 0V, 1.2V, or 5V, the difference in light transmittance at different viewing angles (-70 °) is small, and a wide viewing angle mode is present; when the driving voltages applied to the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 are 1.6V, 1.8V, 2.0V, 2.2V, and 2.4V, the light transmittance difference at different large viewing angles (-70 ° to-30 ° and 30 ° to 70 °) is large, and the light transmittance difference at the front viewing angle (-30 ° to 30 °) is small, which is a narrow viewing angle mode. However, in the narrow viewing angle mode, when the driving voltages applied to the first and second viewing angle electrodes 121 and 122 are 2.4V and 2.2V, the transmittance in the side view viewing angle is large, resulting in deterioration of the effect of the narrow viewing angle, so that in the narrow viewing angle mode, the driving voltages applied to the first and second viewing angle electrodes 121 and 122 are preferably 2.0V, 1.8V, and 1.6V, for example, one of the first and second viewing angle electrodes 121 and 122 is 2.0V, and the other is 1.6V. If a brighter LOGO pattern is desired, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 1.6V; if a darker LOGO pattern is desired, the first viewing angle electrode 121 is 2.0V. Of course, the specific voltage value may be adjusted according to the actual situation, and in the case of having a better narrow viewing angle, it is preferable to use an electrical signal that maximizes the difference in brightness between the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120.
As can be seen from fig. 9, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the light transmittance difference of the large viewing angle (-70 ° to-30 ° and 30 ° to 70 °) is larger at different voltages, but the brightness at the large viewing angle is smaller relative to the central brightness, so the difference between the reflectivity of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 to the ambient light has a larger interference to the display of the LOGO pattern, and therefore, the reduction of the difference between the reflectivity of the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 has a very significant improvement to the LOGO pattern display effect; and the whole electrode net is arranged, so that not only is the electric signal applied to the first visual angle electrode 121, but also the LOGO pattern display effect is remarkably improved.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a display device according to the present invention, and fig. 16 is a schematic view of a display device according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 15 and 16, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 50 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view angle switching key 50 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 15), or may be a software control or Application (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 16, for example, by setting a wide and narrow view angle by a slider bar). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 50, and finally, different electric signals are applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 121 and the second viewing angle electrode 122 under the control of the driving chip 60, so that the display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle.
In this document, terms such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, etc. are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures with respect to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., as used herein, are used merely for distinguishing between names and not for limiting the number and order.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, characterized in that the display panel is provided with a patterned identification pattern area (110) and a non-identification pattern area (120), and comprises a dimming box (10) and a display box (20) which are mutually overlapped;
the light regulating box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) which is opposite to the first substrate (11) and a first liquid crystal layer (13) which is arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), wherein a common view angle electrode (111) is arranged on one side of the first substrate (11) which faces the first liquid crystal layer (13), a first view angle electrode (121), a second view angle electrode (122) and an electrode network which is arranged on the whole surface are arranged on one side of the second substrate (12) which faces the first liquid crystal layer (13), the first view angle electrode (121) and the second view angle electrode (122) are positioned on the same layer and are mutually insulated and spaced, the first view angle electrode (121) and the second view angle electrode (122) are matched with the common view angle electrode (111), the first view angle electrode (121) and the electrode network are positioned on different layers and are mutually electrically connected, the first view angle electrode (121) and the second view angle electrode (122) correspond to the identification pattern area (110), and the second view angle electrode (122) corresponds to the identification pattern area (120);
In a wide viewing angle mode, the first viewing angle electrode (121) and the second viewing angle electrode (122) apply electric signals with the same amplitude, and the light transmittance of the identification pattern area (110) and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern area (120) are the same at the same side viewing angle; in a narrow viewing angle mode, the first viewing angle electrode (121) and the second viewing angle electrode (122) apply electrical signals with different magnitudes, and the light transmittance of the identification pattern region (110) and the light transmittance of the non-identification pattern region (120) are different in the same side viewing angle.
2. The wide and narrow viewing angle switchable display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode network comprises a first electrode network (123) and a second electrode network (124) insulated from each other and spaced apart, the first electrode network (123) extending from the identification pattern area (110) to a non-display area of the display panel, the first viewing angle electrode (121) being electrically connected to the first electrode network (123) each other.
3. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 2, wherein the second viewing angle electrode (122) is electrically connected to the second electrode network (124).
4. A display panel switchable between wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of first contact holes are provided between the first viewing angle electrode (121) and the first electrode network (123), and a plurality of second contact holes are provided between the second viewing angle electrode (122) and the second electrode network (124); the projection part of the first electrode net (123) and the second visual angle electrode (122) on the second substrate (12) is overlapped, a plurality of third contact holes are arranged between the first electrode net (123) and the second visual angle electrode (122) in the overlapped area, the first electrode net (123) is provided with a plurality of mutually-intersected electrode wires, and the electrode wires corresponding to the third contact holes are mutually disconnected and insulated from the first electrode net (123).
5. The switchable wide-narrow view display panel of claim 4 wherein the first contact hole, the second contact hole, and the third contact hole are uniformly distributed in projection on the electrode mesh.
6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the dimming box (10) is provided with a first signal line (1) electrically connected to the electrode network, a second signal line (2) electrically connected to the second viewing angle electrode (122), and a third signal line (3) electrically connected to the common viewing angle electrode (111) in a non-display area at an edge, and the first signal line (1), the second signal line (2), and the third signal line (3) are led out around the edge of the dimming box (10).
7. The wide and narrow viewing angle switchable display panel according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the logo pattern area (110) is located in the center of the display panel.
8. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the display box (20) comprises a color film substrate (21), an array substrate (22) disposed opposite to the color film substrate (21), and a second liquid crystal layer (23) disposed between the color film substrate (21) and the array substrate (22); one side that light regulating box (10) kept away from display box (20) is equipped with first polaroid (31), light regulating box (10) with be equipped with second polaroid (32) between display box (20), one side that display box (20) kept away from light regulating box (10) is equipped with third polaroid (33), the printing opacity axle of first polaroid (31) with the printing opacity axle of second polaroid (32) is parallel, the printing opacity axle of third polaroid (33) with the printing opacity axle of second polaroid (32) is perpendicular.
9. A driving method of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, wherein the driving method is used for driving the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the driving method comprising:
in a wide viewing angle mode, applying a first electrical signal (V1) to a common viewing angle electrode (111), applying a second electrical signal (V2) to both the first viewing angle electrode (121) and the second viewing angle electrode (122), wherein a pressure difference between the second electrical signal (V2) and the first electrical signal (V1) is smaller than a first preset value or larger than a second preset value, and the transmittance of the identification pattern region (110) and the non-identification pattern region (120) is the same at the same side viewing angle;
in a narrow viewing angle mode, applying a first electrical signal (V1) to a common viewing angle electrode (111), applying a third electrical signal (V3) to the first viewing angle electrode (121) and applying a fourth electrical signal (V4) to the second viewing angle electrode (122), the third electrical signal (V3) being the same frequency and polarity and different in amplitude from the fourth electrical signal (V4), the differential pressure between the third electrical signal (V3) and the first electrical signal (V1) and the differential pressure between the fourth electrical signal (V4) and the first electrical signal (V1) being greater than a third preset value and less than a fourth preset value, the light transmittance of the identification pattern region (110) and the non-identification pattern region (120) being different at the same viewing angle;
The second preset value is larger than the fourth preset value, and the first preset value is smaller than or equal to the third preset value.
10. A display device comprising the switchable wide-narrow viewing angle display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202210738315.0A 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, driving method and display device Active CN115128855B (en)

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CN101151573A (en) * 2005-04-01 2008-03-26 夏普株式会社 Mobile information terminal device, and display terminal device
CN101617269A (en) * 2007-03-16 2009-12-30 夏普株式会社 Field angle control device and display with this field angle control device
CN210465933U (en) * 2019-08-26 2020-05-05 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 Color filter substrate and display panel
CN114200698A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 Display panel and display device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101151573A (en) * 2005-04-01 2008-03-26 夏普株式会社 Mobile information terminal device, and display terminal device
CN101617269A (en) * 2007-03-16 2009-12-30 夏普株式会社 Field angle control device and display with this field angle control device
CN210465933U (en) * 2019-08-26 2020-05-05 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 Color filter substrate and display panel
CN114200698A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 Display panel and display device

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