CN215813619U - Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device - Google Patents
Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN215813619U CN215813619U CN202121948224.7U CN202121948224U CN215813619U CN 215813619 U CN215813619 U CN 215813619U CN 202121948224 U CN202121948224 U CN 202121948224U CN 215813619 U CN215813619 U CN 215813619U
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Abstract
A display panel and a display device with switchable wide and narrow visual angles are provided, the display panel comprises a dimming box and a display liquid crystal box, the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate is provided with a first visual angle control electrode, and the second substrate is provided with a second visual angle control electrode; the display liquid crystal box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate and a second liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer is vertical to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer, and the color film substrate is provided with a third visual angle control electrode; one side of the display liquid crystal box, which is far away from the dimming box, is provided with a first polaroid, a second polaroid is arranged between the dimming box and the display liquid crystal box, one side of the dimming box, which is far away from the display liquid crystal box, is provided with a third polaroid, and the light transmission shaft of the first polaroid is perpendicular to the light transmission shafts of the second polaroid and the third polaroid respectively. The utility model can realize narrow visual angles at left and right, up and down or omnibearing.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the visual angle of the display has been widened from about 112 ° to over 122 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large visual angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
At present mainly take attached tripe barrier film on the display screen to realize the switching of wide narrow visual angle, when needs peep-proof, utilize the tripe barrier film to cover the screen and can reduce the visual angle, but this kind of mode needs additionally to prepare the tripe barrier film, can cause very big inconvenience for the user, and a tripe barrier film can only realize a visual angle, in case after the attached tripe barrier film, the visual angle is just fixed in narrow visual angle mode, lead to can't freely switch between wide visual angle mode and narrow visual angle mode, and the peep-proof piece can cause the luminance to reduce and influence the display effect.
In the prior art, a vertical electric field is applied to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a Color Filter (CF) substrate, so that liquid crystals deflect in a vertical direction, and a narrow viewing angle mode is realized. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved.
The user is when using electronic equipment, need to erect the screen sometimes and use, needs horizontal screen sometimes and uses, and peep-proof about erecting the screen use and can realizing, sits the unable content of watching the screen display in the people on both sides about the user, if switch into horizontal screen when using, sit the content of seeing the screen display that the people on both sides just can be clear about the user, lead to the secret nature worsen. And the display panel among the prior art can only realize about narrow visual angle, or can only realize narrow visual angle from top to bottom, can not realize and switch between about narrow visual angle, narrow visual angle from top to bottom and all-round narrow visual angle, and this has reduced user's use and has experienced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a display panel and a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, so as to solve the problem that the display panel in the prior art cannot be switched between a left and right narrow viewing angle, an up and down narrow viewing angle, and an omni-directional narrow viewing angle.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, which comprises a dimming box and a display liquid crystal box stacked with the dimming box, wherein the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a first liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the display liquid crystal box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer is vertical to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer, a third visual angle control electrode is arranged on one side of the color film substrate facing the second liquid crystal layer, and a common electrode and a pixel electrode are arranged on one side of the array substrate facing the second liquid crystal layer; a first polaroid is arranged on one side, away from the dimming box, of the display liquid crystal box, a second polaroid is arranged between the dimming box and the display liquid crystal box, a third polaroid is arranged on one side, away from the display liquid crystal box, of the dimming box, and the light transmission axis of the first polaroid is perpendicular to the light transmission axes of the second polaroid and the third polaroid respectively;
in the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are in a lying posture;
in a first narrow viewing angle mode, liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a lying posture, liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are in an inclined posture, and the display liquid crystal box is enabled to present a narrow viewing angle in a first direction;
in a second narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in an inclined posture and enable the light modulation box to present a narrow viewing angle in a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are in a lying posture;
in a third narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a tilted posture to make the light modulation cell present a narrow viewing angle in the second direction, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are in a tilted posture to make the display liquid crystal cell present a narrow viewing angle in the first direction.
Further, the second substrate is provided with a prism structure on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer, and the prism structure can expand the angle range of light rays passing through the prism structure.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer adopt positive liquid crystal molecules and are aligned in parallel with the first substrate; or the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer adopt negative liquid crystal molecules and are aligned in an inclined posture.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer adopt positive liquid crystal molecules and are aligned in parallel to the array substrate.
Furthermore, the light modulation box is arranged at the lower side of the display liquid crystal box, and the liquid crystal molecule alignment in the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the light transmission axis of the second polaroid.
Furthermore, the light modulation box is arranged on the upper side of the display liquid crystal box, and the liquid crystal molecule alignment in the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the light transmission axis of the third polaroid.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer adopt negative liquid crystal molecules and are aligned in an inclined posture.
Further, the common electrode is located below the pixel electrode, the common electrode is a planar electrode, and the pixel electrode is a comb-shaped electrode having a slit.
The utility model also provides a display device, which comprises the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the backlight module positioned on the lower side of the display panel.
Furthermore, the backlight module comprises a backlight source and an anti-peeping layer, and a brightness enhancement film is arranged between the backlight source and the anti-peeping layer.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer in the display liquid crystal box is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer in the dimming box, the dimming box is used for realizing a narrow visual angle in the left-right direction or the up-down direction, the display liquid crystal box is used for realizing a narrow visual angle in the up-down direction or the left-right direction, the dimming box is controlled to be switched at a wide visual angle through the first visual angle control electrode and the second visual angle control electrode, the display liquid crystal box is controlled to be switched at a wide visual angle through the third visual angle control electrode and the common electrode, and therefore the display panel can be switched among the wide visual angle, the left-right narrow visual angle, the up-down narrow visual angle and the omnibearing narrow visual angle, and the application scene of the display panel is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in an initial state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switchable wide-viewing angle and narrow-viewing angle display panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to the present invention at a first narrow viewing angle;
FIG. 4 is a signal waveform diagram of the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of the present invention at the first narrow viewing angle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view diagram of a liquid crystal cell in a display panel with switchable narrow and wide viewing angles in a narrow and bright state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles display panel of the present invention at a second narrow viewing angle;
FIG. 7 is a signal waveform diagram of the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of the present invention at the second narrow viewing angle;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view diagram of the light modulating cells in the exemplary switchable wide and narrow viewing angles display panel of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle and a wide viewing angle;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of the present invention at a third narrow viewing angle;
FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention for achieving the predetermined purpose of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments for specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display panel and the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the present invention:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in an initial state, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in a wide viewing angle display panel, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in a first narrow viewing angle display panel, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal waveform of the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in the first narrow viewing angle display panel, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a viewing angle of a liquid crystal cell in a bright state and a dark state at a narrow viewing angle display panel in an actual switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in a second narrow viewing angle display panel, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a signal waveform of the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in a second narrow viewing angle display panel, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a dimming cell in a switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel in an actual display panel in a narrow viewing angle display panel in an actual application, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the switchable wide and narrow viewing angles display panel of the utility model at the third narrow viewing angle.
As shown in fig. 1, the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided by the present invention includes a light modulation cell 10 and a display liquid crystal cell 20 stacked with the light modulation cell 10. In this embodiment, the light modulation box 10 is disposed below the display liquid crystal cell 20, that is, the light modulation box 10 is disposed between the display liquid crystal cell 20 and the backlight module 40, the light modulation box 10 is used for controlling the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the display panel in the second direction, the display liquid crystal cell 20 is used for controlling the display panel to display normal pictures and the wide and narrow viewing angle switching in the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the dimming cell 10 and the display liquid crystal cell 20 are mutually matched, so that the display panel can be switched among a wide viewing angle, a left and right narrow viewing angle, an upper and lower narrow viewing angle and an omnibearing narrow viewing angle. Of course, the light modulating cell 10 may be disposed above the display liquid crystal cell 20.
The light modulation box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first substrate 11 is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode 111 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the second substrate 12 is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode 121 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, the second viewing angle control electrode being engaged with the first viewing angle control electrode 111.
The display liquid crystal cell 20 includes a color filter substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 located between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. The alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 23 and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are perpendicular to each other. The color filter substrate 21 is provided with a third viewing angle control electrode 213 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the array substrate 22 is provided with a common electrode 221 and a pixel electrode 222 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23.
A first polarizer 31 is arranged on one side of the display liquid crystal box 20 far away from the dimming box 10, a second polarizer 32 is arranged between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 20, a third polarizer 33 is arranged on one side of the dimming box 10 far away from the display liquid crystal box 20, and the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 is perpendicular to the light transmission axes of the second polarizer 32 and the third polarizer 33 respectively.
Further, the second substrate 12 is provided with a prism structure 122 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the prism structure 122 can expand an angle range of light passing through the prism structure 122. The arrangement of the prism structure 122 makes a wide viewing angle wider. The light receiving or scattering properties of the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the light box 10 play a main viewing angle control role, so the prism structure 122 has less influence on the narrow viewing angle.
In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy), and as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, so that the light modulation cell 10 has a wide viewing angle display effect in the initial state. Of course, in other embodiments, negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy) can be used as the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned in an inclined posture, that is, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 have a certain pretilt angle (for example, 60 ° to 70 °) in the initial state, so that the light modulation cell 10 has a narrow viewing angle display effect in the initial state.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 adopt positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy), as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color film substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, so that the display liquid crystal cell 20 has a wide viewing angle display effect in the initial state. Of course, in other embodiments, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 may also adopt negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy), and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned in an inclined posture, that is, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 have a certain pretilt angle (for example, 60 ° to 70 °) in the initial state, so that the display liquid crystal cell 20 has a narrow viewing angle display effect in the initial state.
In this embodiment, the light modulating cell 10 is disposed at the lower side of the display liquid crystal cell 20, the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 is parallel to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 32, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 32. For example, the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 31 is 0 °, the transmission axes of the second polarizing plate 32 and the third polarizing plate 33 are both 90 °, the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 is 90 °, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 0 °. Of course, in other embodiments, the light modulation cell 10 is disposed on the upper side of the display liquid crystal cell 20, and the third polarizer 33 is disposed on the side of the display liquid crystal cell 20 close to the backlight module 40, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 is parallel to the transmission axis of the third polarizer 33. For example, the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 31 and the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 32 are both 0 °, the transmission axis of the third polarizing plate 33 is 90 °, the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 is 0 °, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 90 °.
Further, the color filter substrate 21 is provided with color resist layers 212 arranged in an array and a black matrix 211 separating the color resist layers 212, and the color resist layers 212 include color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and sub-pixels of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are correspondingly formed.
The array substrate 22 defines a plurality of pixel units on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines insulated from and crossing each other, a pixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit, and the pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 222 are electrically connected through a contact hole.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (the common electrode 221 is located below the pixel electrode 222 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed in one block in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. Of course, In other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are alternately arranged to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode; alternatively, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with the pixel electrode 222 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color filter substrate 21 is provided with the common electrode 221 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode, and for other descriptions of the TN mode and the VA mode, reference is made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
Further, the first viewing angle controlling electrode 111, the second viewing angle controlling electrode 121, and the third viewing angle controlling electrode 213 are all planar electrodes provided over the entire surface. Of course, one of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 may be a block electrode with divided regions and controlled by a thin film transistor, so as to realize the region controllability of the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the light modulation box 10. One of the common electrode 221 and the third viewing angle control electrode 213 may be a block electrode with divided regions and controlled by a thin film transistor, so as to realize the region controllability of the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the display liquid crystal cell 20.
The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The materials of the first viewing angle controlling electrode 111, the second viewing angle controlling electrode 121, the third viewing angle controlling electrode 213, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.
As shown in fig. 2, in the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are in a lying posture. Specifically, no voltage or the same voltage signal is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that there is no voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a vertical electric field is not formed by the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 maintain the initial lying posture. The common electrode 221 is applied with a dc common voltage, the pixel electrode 222 is applied with a corresponding gray scale voltage, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 and a horizontal electric field is generated (E1 in fig. 2), so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit exhibits different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, so as to realize normal display of the display panel under a wide viewing angle.
As shown in fig. 3, in the first narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a lying posture, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are in an inclined posture, and the display liquid crystal cell 20 is caused to assume a narrow viewing angle in a first direction (e.g., left-right direction). Specifically, no voltage or the same voltage signal is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that there is no voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a vertical electric field is not formed by the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 maintain the initial lying posture. As shown in fig. 4, a dc common voltage V3 is applied to the common electrode 221, and a first ac voltage signal V1 is applied to the third viewing angle control electrode 213, so that a strong vertical electric field (E2 in fig. 3) is formed between the common electrode 221 and the third viewing angle control electrode 213, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 rotate in the vertical direction, and light leakage appears when the display panel is observed at a large viewing angle, and a narrow viewing angle effect in the first direction is achieved. As shown in fig. 5, a curve M is a viewing angle curve of the display panel in a narrow viewing angle dark state, a curve N is a viewing angle curve of the display panel in a narrow viewing angle bright state, and the display panel achieves a narrow viewing angle effect in the first direction by displaying light leakage from the liquid crystal cell 20 at a large viewing angle. The pixel electrode 222 applies a corresponding gray scale voltage V2, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, and a horizontal electric field (E1 in fig. 3) is generated, such that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit exhibits different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and implementing normal display of the display panel at the first narrow viewing angle. The frequency of the gray-scale voltage V2 applied to the pixel electrode 222 is 60Hz, and the frequency of the first ac voltage signal V1 applied to the third viewing angle control electrode 213 is 30 Hz.
As shown in fig. 6, in the second narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in an inclined posture and the display dimming cell 10 is caused to assume a narrow viewing angle in a second direction (e.g., up-down direction), the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are in a lying posture. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a dc common voltage V3 is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, and a second ac voltage signal V4 is applied to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that a strong vertical electric field (E3 in fig. 6) is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 rotate in the vertical direction, and the display panel exhibits a dark state when viewed from a large viewing angle and achieves a narrow viewing angle effect in the second direction. Preferably, the frequency of the second alternating voltage signal V4 is 140Hz, so that the narrow viewing angle effect is better. As shown in fig. 8, a curve W is a view angle curve of the display panel at a wide view angle, and a curve X is a view angle curve of the display panel at a narrow view angle, so that the display panel achieves a narrow view angle effect in the second direction by displaying the light received by the liquid crystal cell 20 at a large view angle. The common electrode 221 is applied with a dc common voltage, the pixel electrode 222 is applied with a corresponding gray scale voltage, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 and a horizontal electric field is generated (E1 in fig. 6), so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit exhibits different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, so as to realize normal display of the display panel at the second narrow viewing angle.
As shown in fig. 9, in the third narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a tilted posture and cause the display dimmer box 10 to assume a narrow viewing angle in the second direction, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are in a tilted posture and cause the display liquid crystal cell 20 to assume a narrow viewing angle in the first direction. Specifically, referring to fig. 7, a dc common voltage V3 is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, and a second ac voltage signal V4 is applied to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that a strong vertical electric field (E3 in fig. 9) is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 rotate in the vertical direction, and when the display panel is observed at a large viewing angle, a dark state is exhibited and a narrow viewing angle effect in the second direction is achieved. Referring to fig. 4, a dc common voltage V3 is applied to the common electrode 221, and a first ac voltage signal V1 is applied to the third viewing angle control electrode 213, so that a strong vertical electric field is formed between the common electrode 221 and the third viewing angle control electrode 213 (E2 in fig. 9), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 rotate in the vertical direction, light leakage appears when the display panel is observed at a large viewing angle, and a narrow viewing angle effect in the first direction is achieved, so that the display panel achieves an omnidirectional narrow viewing angle (a narrow viewing angle in the left and right directions and a narrow viewing angle in the up and down direction). The pixel electrode 222 applies a corresponding gray scale voltage V2, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, and a horizontal electric field (E1 in fig. 9) is generated, such that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit exhibits different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display panel under an omnidirectional narrow viewing angle.
The present embodiment further provides a display device, which includes the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the backlight module 40. The backlight module 40 is disposed at the lower side of the display panel, i.e., the light modulation cell 10 is disposed between the backlight module 40 and the display liquid crystal cell 20. Preferably, the backlight module 40 adopts a Collimated Backlight (CBL) mode, which can receive light from the light source and ensure the display effect.
The backlight module 40 includes a backlight 41 and a privacy layer 43, and the privacy layer 43 is used to reduce the range of the light exit angle. A brightness enhancement film 42 is further arranged between the backlight 41 and the peep-proof layer 43, and the brightness enhancement film 42 increases the brightness of the backlight module 40. The peep-proof layer 43 is a micro louver structure, and can block light rays with a large incident angle, so that light rays with a small incident angle can pass through the peep-proof layer 43, and the angle range of the light rays passing through the peep-proof layer 43 is reduced. The peep-proof layer 43 includes a plurality of parallel arranged light resistance walls and a light hole between two adjacent light resistance walls, and light absorption materials are arranged on two sides of the light resistance walls. The backlight module 41 may be a side-in type backlight module or a collimating type backlight module.
Fig. 10 and 11 are schematic plan views illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 10 and 11, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 50 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view switching key 50 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 10), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 11, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 50, and finally, the driving chip 60 controls the electric signals applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the third viewing angle control electrode 213 and the common electrode 221. The display device can realize the switching among a wide visual angle, a left and right narrow visual angle, an upper and lower narrow visual angle and an omnibearing narrow visual angle, when the wide visual angle is switched, the driving method adopts a driving method corresponding to a wide visual angle mode, when the wide visual angle is switched, the driving method adopts a driving method corresponding to a narrow visual angle mode, when the wide visual angle is switched, the driving method adopts a driving method corresponding to the upper and lower narrow visual angle modes, and when the omnibearing narrow visual angle is switched, the driving method adopts a driving method corresponding to the omnibearing narrow visual angle mode.
In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles is characterized by comprising a dimming box (10) and a display liquid crystal box (20) stacked with the dimming box (10), wherein the dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11) and a first liquid crystal layer (13) arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), a first viewing angle control electrode (111) is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), of the first substrate (11), and a second viewing angle control electrode (121) matched with the first viewing angle control electrode (111) is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), of the second substrate (12); the display liquid crystal box (20) comprises a color film substrate (21), an array substrate (22) arranged opposite to the color film substrate (21) and a second liquid crystal layer (23) positioned between the color film substrate (21) and the array substrate (22), the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer (23) is vertical to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (13), a third visual angle control electrode (213) is arranged on one side of the color film substrate (21) facing the second liquid crystal layer (23), and a common electrode (221) and a pixel electrode (222) are arranged on one side of the array substrate (22) facing the second liquid crystal layer (23); a first polarizer (31) is arranged on one side of the display liquid crystal box (20) far away from the dimming box (10), a second polarizer (32) is arranged between the dimming box (10) and the display liquid crystal box (20), a third polarizer (33) is arranged on one side of the dimming box (10) far away from the display liquid crystal box (20), and the transmission axes of the first polarizer (31) are respectively vertical to the transmission axes of the second polarizer (32) and the third polarizer (33);
in the wide viewing angle mode, liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) and liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are in a lying posture;
in a first narrow viewing angle mode, liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a lying posture, liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are in an inclined posture, and the display liquid crystal box (20) is enabled to present a narrow viewing angle in a first direction;
in a second narrow viewing angle mode, liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in an inclined posture and enable the light modulation box (10) to present a narrow viewing angle in a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are in a lying posture;
in a third narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a tilted posture and cause the light modulation cell (10) to assume a narrow viewing angle in the second direction, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are in a tilted posture and cause the display liquid crystal cell (20) to assume a narrow viewing angle in the first direction.
2. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the second substrate (12) is provided with a prism structure (122) on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), and the prism structure (122) can expand an angular range of light passing through the prism structure (122).
3. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are positive liquid crystal molecules and are aligned parallel to the first substrate (11); or the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) adopt negative liquid crystal molecules and are aligned in an inclined posture.
4. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are positive liquid crystal molecules and are aligned parallel to the array substrate (22).
5. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 4, wherein the light modulation cell (10) is disposed on the lower side of the display liquid crystal cell (20), and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are aligned parallel to the transmission axis of the second polarizer (32).
6. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 4, wherein the light modulation cell (10) is disposed on the upper side of the display liquid crystal cell (20), and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) are aligned parallel to the transmission axis of the third polarizer (33).
7. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer (23) adopt negative liquid crystal molecules and are aligned in a tilted posture.
8. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the common electrode (221) is located below the pixel electrode (222), the common electrode (221) is a planar electrode, and the pixel electrode (222) is a comb-shaped electrode with slits.
9. A display device comprising the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of any one of claims 1 to 8 and a backlight module (40) located at the lower side of the display panel.
10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the backlight module (40) comprises a backlight source (41) and a privacy layer (43), and a brightness enhancement film (42) is further disposed between the backlight source (41) and the privacy layer (43).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202121948224.7U CN215813619U (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device |
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| CN202121948224.7U CN215813619U (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and display device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114859588A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-05 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, display device and manufacturing method |
| CN116047819A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
| CN116466524A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-07-21 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
| CN116466524B (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2024-05-03 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
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2021
- 2021-08-18 CN CN202121948224.7U patent/CN215813619U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114859588A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-05 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, display device and manufacturing method |
| CN114859588B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-06-23 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, display device and manufacturing method |
| CN116047819A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
| CN116466524A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-07-21 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
| CN116466524B (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2024-05-03 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method and display device |
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