CN116337787A - Fiber bragg grating sensor and hydrogen monitoring system in lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Fiber bragg grating sensor and hydrogen monitoring system in lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber grating sensor and a hydrogen monitoring system in a lithium ion battery, belonging to the field of lithium ion battery monitoring and sensing, and comprising a sensor shell and an optical fiber Bragg grating; the optical fiber Bragg grating is provided with a grid palladium alloy coating; the sensor is characterized in that the sensor shell is arranged outside the fiber Bragg grating through a fiber fixing support, a shell through hole is formed in the outer portion of the sensor shell, and a hydrophobic and breathable coating is covered outside the shell through hole. The sensor and the monitoring system can effectively provide high-precision and high-sensitivity monitoring data for early safety monitoring of the lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of monitoring and sensing of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a fiber bragg grating sensor and a hydrogen monitoring system in a lithium ion battery.
Background
Lithium ion batteries play a significant role in various industries as an important form of modern energy reserves. Although lithium ion batteries have many advantages, the frequent safety problems have severely impacted industry development.
In order to ensure stable operation of the lithium ion battery, real-time evaluation and prediction of the early safety state of the battery are needed, and the accident risk of the battery system is reduced from the source. The research of the applicant shows that most of failures of the lithium ion battery are caused by gas generated by unbalanced internal reaction, and the generated gas mainly comprises hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, alkane gas and the like, wherein the factors such as inflammability and explosiveness of the hydrogen, incapability of monitoring by using an infrared gas absorption technology and the like become key research objects for monitoring the gas of the lithium ion battery, so that the monitoring research on the hydrogen in the lithium ion battery is a key for guaranteeing the safety of the lithium ion battery.
The current hydrogen sensor is mainly a palladium alloy hydrogen sensor, but the current palladium alloy hydrogen sensor is mainly prepared by directly coating a palladium alloy coating on a reaction substrate, and has the problems of poor sensing precision, long response time and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the existing internal gas monitoring scheme of the lithium ion battery, the invention aims to provide a fiber grating sensor and a hydrogen monitoring system in the lithium ion battery, and the defects of poor sensing precision and long response time in the prior art can be overcome by using the fiber grating sensor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an optical fiber grating sensor for monitoring hydrogen in a lithium ion battery comprises a sensor shell and an optical fiber Bragg grating;
the optical fiber Bragg grating is provided with a grid palladium alloy coating; the sensor is characterized in that the sensor shell is arranged outside the fiber Bragg grating through a fiber fixing support, a shell through hole is formed in the outer portion of the sensor shell, and a hydrophobic and breathable coating is covered outside the shell through hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fiber bragg grating is arranged at the inner axis of the sensor shell; the fiber Bragg grating comprises a fiber core and a cladding, wherein the cladding coats the fiber core, and the fiber core and the cladding are coaxial; grating areas are carved on the fiber core at intervals, and the positions of the grating areas corresponding to the cladding layers are processed into grids.
As a further improvement of the invention, the grid-like palladium alloy plating layer comprises a palladium alloy plating layer on the cladding and a grid palladium alloy plating layer in the cladding area; and the cladding region grid palladium alloy coating is embedded into a grid processed around the fiber Bragg grating.
As a further improvement of the invention, the material of the grid-shaped palladium alloy plating layer is palladium alloy.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sensor housing is cylindrical, the housing through hole is arranged along the axial direction of the rotation center of the sensor housing, and the hydrophobic and air-permeable coating is coated on the housing through hole along the axial direction of the rotation center of the sensor housing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the optical fiber fixing brackets are distributed on two sides of the inside of the sensor housing for fixing the optical fiber bragg grating.
The hydrogen monitoring system in the lithium ion battery comprises a computer, an FBG demodulation system and the fiber grating sensor;
the fiber bragg grating sensors are arranged between lithium ion battery modules, are connected in series by using fiber bragg grating connecting flanges, and are used for distinguishing signals collected by the fiber bragg grating sensors in a wavelength division multiplexing mode or a time division multiplexing mode and are connected with a signal input end of the FBG demodulation system;
the FBG demodulation system detects the change of the central wavelength of the fiber grating caused by the change of the hydrogen content in the lithium ion battery module, and calculates the change of the hydrogen concentration, and the computer is connected with the signal output end of the FBG demodulation system and displays the change trend of the analysis signal.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the grid-shaped palladium alloy coating absorbs hydrogen, the palladium alloy coating can expand in volume, so that the wavelength of the reflected wave changes after the fiber Bragg grating is stressed, and the FBG demodulation system obtains the relative change of the hydrogen content in the lithium ion battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the fiber bragg grating sensor for monitoring the hydrogen in the lithium ion battery can realize dynamic monitoring of the hydrogen in the lithium ion battery. The fiber bragg grating matrix is used as a main sensing unit, so that the sensing precision and response time of the sensor are not affected by the interference of an electromagnetic field in the battery; the palladium alloy plating layer is designed into a grid form, and compared with the traditional cladding film plating optical fiber palladium alloy hydrogen sensor, the palladium alloy plating layer has the advantages of high sensitivity, large variation range, convenience in measurement and analysis and the like, and according to analysis, the plating layer mode can ensure sensitization by about 4 times compared with the traditional palladium alloy plating layer mode; the fiber bragg grating sensing matrix is packaged by the sensor shell, so that the fiber bragg grating sensing matrix can be protected from being corroded by electrolyte; the hydrophobic and breathable film only allows gas to enter the sensor, so that electrolyte can be prevented from entering the sensor, and the fiber grating sensing matrix is further protected.
Furthermore, the fiber bragg grating sensor can effectively provide high-precision and high-sensitivity monitoring data for hydrogen in the lithium ion battery. The sensor monitors the strain brought by hydrogen by using the fiber Bragg grating of the palladium alloy plating layer in the form of a grid to obtain the content change of the hydrogen. Compared with the existing electromagnetic hydrogen sensor, the invention has the advantages of excellent electromagnetic interference resistance, stable performance, high linearity, strong repeatability and the like, avoids complex circuit design, ensures that the overall structure of the sensor is simpler and has smaller volume, and effectively solves the problem that the infrared gas absorption technology cannot be used because the hydrogen has no infrared absorption peak.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grating-like palladium-plated alloy fiber bragg grating sensing system for monitoring hydrogen in a lithium ion battery;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a palladium-plated alloy fiber bragg grating in the form of a grid used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fiber Bragg grating sensor used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the stress of a grating region of a conventional coated fiber grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the grating stress of a coated fiber grating in the form of a grating used in the present invention.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1. the system comprises a computer, a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) demodulation system, a palladium alloy plated fiber grating sensor 3,3-1 in a grid form, a sensor housing, 3-2 in a hydrophobic and breathable coating, 3-3 in a housing through hole, 3-4 in a grid palladium alloy coating, 3-41 in a cladding palladium alloy coating, 3-42 in a cladding region, 3-5 in a cladding region, a fiber Bragg grating, 3-6 in a fiber fixing bracket.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with respect to certain specific embodiments thereof in order to better understand the invention and thereby to more clearly define the scope of the invention as claimed. It should be noted that the following description is only some embodiments of the inventive concept and is only a part of examples of the present invention, wherein the specific direct description of the related structures is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and the specific features do not naturally and directly limit the implementation scope of the present invention. Conventional selections and substitutions made by those skilled in the art under the guidance of the inventive concept should be considered as being within the scope of the claimed invention.
A novel sensing device for providing internal hydrogen monitoring for lithium ion batteries is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
The internal sensing device of the lithium ion battery needs to have the characteristics of strong electromagnetic interference resistance, small volume, easy realization of distributed measurement, convenient implantation into the battery and the like, and the optical fiber sensor is the best choice.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, according to the grid-shaped palladium-plated alloy fiber bragg grating sensing system for monitoring hydrogen in a lithium ion battery, the strain brought by the hydrogen is sensed by a fiber bragg grating sensor 3, so that the monitoring of the hydrogen in the lithium ion battery can be realized; the sensor is integrally arranged above the lithium ion battery, after the gas is generated in the battery, as electrolyte is not arranged at the top of the battery, the density is small, the gas is rapidly diffused to the position, the sensor is integrally arranged at the position, the rapid response of the sensor to the hydrogen content signal can be ensured, the fiber bragg grating sensor is connected in series between the batteries by using the fiber bragg grating connecting flange, the signals are distinguished in a wavelength division multiplexing mode, the sensor is connected with the signal input end of the FBG demodulation system 2, the FBG demodulation system 2 detects the central wavelength change of the fiber bragg grating caused by the hydrogen content change in the lithium ion battery module, and the change of the hydrogen concentration is calculated. The computer 1 is connected with the signal output end of the FBG demodulation system 2 and is used for displaying the change of the hydrogen content in the lithium ion battery module, and the rapid dynamic measurement of the hydrogen in the battery can be realized.
Specifically, the sensor comprises a sensor shell 3-1, a hydrophobic and breathable coating 3-2, a shell through hole 3-3, a grid palladium alloy plating layer 3-4, an optical fiber Bragg grating 3-5 and an optical fiber fixing bracket 3-6; the sensor housing 3-1 is provided with a housing through hole 3-3; the hydrophobic and breathable coating 3-2 is coated on the shell through holes 3-3; the fiber Bragg grating 3-5 is arranged at the inner axis position of the sensor shell 3-1; the cladding of the 3-5 grating areas of the fiber Bragg grating is processed into a grating shape; the grid-shaped palladium alloy coating 3-4 is coated on the cladding of the grid area of the fiber Bragg grating 3-5; the optical fiber fixing brackets 3-6 are arranged on two sides of the inside of the sensor housing 3-1. The sensor and the monitoring system can effectively provide high-precision and high-sensitivity monitoring data for early safety monitoring of the lithium ion battery.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a fiber bragg grating sensor 3 including a sensor housing 3-1 and a fiber bragg grating 3-5; the optical fiber Bragg grating 3-5 is provided with a grid-shaped palladium alloy plating layer 3-4; the sensor housing 3-1 is arranged outside the fiber Bragg grating 3-5 through a fiber fixing bracket 3-6, a housing through hole 3-3 is arranged outside the sensor housing 3-1, and a hydrophobic and breathable coating 3-2 is covered outside the housing through hole 3-3.
The fiber grating sensor takes optical fibers as a sensing matrix, takes grid-shaped palladium alloy as a coating, is sealed by a sensor housing 3-1, is provided with air holes on the surface of the sensor housing 3-1, is coated with a hydrophobic and breathable film, can prevent liquid such as electrolyte from entering the sensor, plays a role in air intake and electrolyte isolation, can further protect the fiber grating sensing matrix from corrosion and the like through housing encapsulation, and can ensure that a fiber grating sensing set does not relatively move in the sensor housing 3-1 through an optical fiber fixing support 3-6, thereby ensuring the response sensitivity of sensing.
Referring to fig. 3, the optical fiber substrate used in the present invention is an optical fiber bragg grating 3-5. The fiber Bragg grating 3-5 is composed of a fiber core and a cladding. Wherein, the fiber core of the optical fiber is coaxial with the cladding, the diameter of the cladding is 125 mu m, the diameter of the fiber core is 8 mu m, and the fiber core is carved with a grid region. The number of the grid areas and the length of the optical fiber can be adaptively changed according to actual monitoring requirements. The grating region is processed into a grating shape corresponding to the cladding by using a hydrofluoric acid etching agent, wherein the number of the gratings is 5-10, the width of a single grating is 1mm, the diameter is 120 mu m, the palladium alloy plating layer is convenient to carry out plating processing such as sputtering, evaporation plating, electroplating and the like, the grating-shaped palladium alloy plating layer 3-4 comprises a palladium alloy plating layer 3-41 on the cladding and a cladding region grating palladium alloy plating layer 3-42, hydrogen generated by a lithium ion battery is commonly absorbed, the hydrogen is acted on the fiber grating, and compared with the traditional palladium alloy plating layer form, the sensitization of the plating mode can be ensured to be about 4 times by analysis, and the sensitivity, the response speed and the measurement accuracy of the sensor can be improved.
Referring to fig. 4, the optical fiber bragg grating 3-5 is used as a passive sensing element for reflection filtering, has excellent reflection filtering performance, and has the function principle that the change characteristic of the bragg reflection wavelength is used for reflecting the external stress strain change, so that the measurement of environmental variables is realized. When an incident light wave enters the Bragg grating, the incident light wave is divided into two parts due to the refractive index, one part is reflected light, the light wave can meet the Bragg grating reflection rule, and the other part is transmitted light, and the incident light wave can directly exit from the other end of the optical fiber due to the fact that the Bragg grating reflection characteristic cannot be met. The wavelength of the reflected light and the transmitted light of the fiber Bragg grating 3-5 is determined by the grating period lambda and the effective refractive index n of the reverse coupling die eff The change characteristic of Bragg reflection wavelength is used as signal output to reflect the external stress strain change, so as to realize the measurement of gas. Changing the grating period and the effective refractive index of the reverse coupling die will change the wavelength of the grating Bragg reflection wave. According to the Maxwell Wei Jingdian equation and the optical fiber coupled wave theory, under certain conditions, the wavelength of the reflected wave of the optical fiber Bragg grating 3-5 meets the following formula:
λ B ＝2n eff Λ#(1)
λ B -the wavelength of the reflected wave of the fiber bragg grating;
n eff -the effective refractive index of the fiber grating;
Λ—the pitch of the grating.
The fiber Bragg grating 3-5 is insensitive to gas, so that the grid-shaped palladium alloy coating 3-4 is processed at the position of the grating region corresponding to the cladding, and the grid-shaped palladium alloy coating 3-4 comprises a palladium alloy coating 3-41 on the cladding and a grid palladium alloy coating 3-42 on the cladding region; the cladding region grid palladium alloy plating 3-42 is embedded in the grid of the fiber bragg grating 3-5. When the palladium alloy coating absorbs hydrogen, the volume expansion is generated, so that the fiber bragg grating is stressed and the reflection wavelength is changed, and the effect of indirectly monitoring the change of the hydrogen content is achieved.
Referring to FIG. 5, it is found from simulation analysis that the conventional cladding palladium alloy plating form, i.e., the cladding palladium alloy plating layer 3-41 is present on the cladding without the cladding region grid palladium alloy plating layer 3-42, the stress applied to the core grid region is in the range of 1.5-2.2X10 -4 N/m 2 。
Referring to FIG. 6, it is found by simulation analysis that when the palladium alloy plating layer 3-41 on the cladding layer and the palladium alloy plating layer 3-42 on the cladding region exist simultaneously in the form of grid-like palladium alloy, the stress applied to the fiber core grid region is in the range of 2.5-8.4X10 when the number of grids is 5 -4 N/m 2 The sensitization is about 4 times compared with the traditional palladium plating alloy plating form.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The fiber bragg grating sensor is used for monitoring hydrogen in a lithium ion battery and is characterized by comprising a sensor shell (3-1) and a fiber bragg grating (3-5);
the optical fiber Bragg grating (3-5) is provided with a grid-shaped palladium alloy coating (3-4); the sensor is characterized in that the sensor housing (3-1) is arranged outside the fiber Bragg grating (3-5) through the fiber fixing support (3-6), a housing through hole (3-3) is formed in the outside of the sensor housing (3-1), and a hydrophobic and breathable coating (3-2) is covered outside the housing through hole (3-3).
2. The fiber grating sensor of claim 1, wherein,
the fiber Bragg grating (3-5) is arranged at the inner axis of the sensor shell (3-1); the optical fiber Bragg grating (3-5) comprises a fiber core and a cladding, wherein the cladding coats the fiber core, and the fiber core and the cladding are coaxial; grating areas are carved on the fiber core at intervals, and the positions of the grating areas corresponding to the cladding layers are processed into grids.
3. The fiber grating sensor of claim 2, wherein,
the grid-shaped palladium alloy coating (3-4) comprises a palladium alloy coating (3-41) on the cladding and a grid palladium alloy coating (3-42) in the cladding area; the cladding region grid palladium alloy plating layer (3-42) is embedded into a grid processed around the fiber Bragg grating (3-5).
4. The fiber grating sensor of claim 1, wherein,
the material of the grid-shaped palladium alloy plating layer (3-4) is palladium alloy.
5. The fiber grating sensor of claim 1, wherein,
the sensor housing (3-1) is a cylinder, the housing through hole (3-3) is arranged along the axial direction of the rotation center of the sensor housing (3-1), and the hydrophobic and breathable coating (3-2) is coated on the housing through hole (3-3) along the axial direction of the rotation center of the sensor housing (3-1).
6. The fiber grating sensor of claim 1, wherein,
the optical fiber fixing brackets (3-6) are distributed on two sides of the inside of the sensor shell (3-1) and used for fixing the optical fiber Bragg gratings (3-5).
7. A lithium ion battery internal hydrogen monitoring system, characterized by comprising a computer (1), an FBG demodulation system (2) and the fiber grating sensor (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the fiber bragg grating sensors (3) are arranged between lithium ion battery modules, are connected in series by using fiber bragg connection flanges, and signals collected by the fiber bragg grating sensors (3) are distinguished in a wavelength division multiplexing or time division multiplexing mode and are connected with a signal input end of the FBG demodulation system (2);
the FBG demodulation system (2) detects the change of the central wavelength of the fiber bragg grating caused by the change of the hydrogen content in the lithium ion battery module, and calculates the change of the hydrogen concentration, and the computer (1) is connected with the signal output end of the FBG demodulation system (2) and displays the change trend of the analysis signal.
8. The hydrogen monitoring system in the lithium ion battery according to claim 7, wherein when the grid-shaped palladium alloy coating (3-4) absorbs hydrogen, the palladium alloy coating expands in volume, so that the wavelength of the reflected wave changes after the fiber bragg grating (3-5) is stressed, and the FBG demodulation system (2) obtains the relative change of the hydrogen content in the lithium ion battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310295507.3A CN116337787A (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Fiber bragg grating sensor and hydrogen monitoring system in lithium ion battery |
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| CN202310295507.3A CN116337787A (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Fiber bragg grating sensor and hydrogen monitoring system in lithium ion battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116845406A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-10-03 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery and electricity utilization device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116845406A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-10-03 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery and electricity utilization device |
| CN116845406B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-03-01 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery and electricity utilization device |
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