CN116300105A - Asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and device thereof - Google Patents
Asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116300105A CN116300105A CN202310400189.2A CN202310400189A CN116300105A CN 116300105 A CN116300105 A CN 116300105A CN 202310400189 A CN202310400189 A CN 202310400189A CN 116300105 A CN116300105 A CN 116300105A
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- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 332
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000002911 mydriatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000006550 Mydriasis Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
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Abstract
The invention discloses an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and a device thereof, and relates to the technical field of AR display, wherein the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and the device thereof comprise at least one layer of waveguide substrate, the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate divides the waveguide substrate into a first waveguide part and a second waveguide part in a bisecting way, and an entrance pupil area is arranged on the first waveguide part or the second waveguide part; a first pupil expansion area and a first exit pupil area are arranged on the first waveguide part; a second pupil expansion area and a second exit pupil area are arranged on the second waveguide part; the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area are asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the entrance pupil area; the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate; through the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure that this application provided, with its application in augmented reality shows, solved the light source put in AR glasses put the time with the camera put the problem that has blockked, extend the functional use, improved equipment experience effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technology of the AR display field, in particular to an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and a device thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of computer science, virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) man-machine interaction technologies based on near-eye display devices are becoming a widely focused technological field; their near-eye display systems all form a distant virtual image of a pixel on a display through a series of optical imaging elements and project it into the human eye. In short, the light source is responsible for converting the electric signal into an optical image, and after the imaging process is finished, the optical waveguide couples the light into the transmission substrate, and the light is transmitted to the front of the eyes and then released through the principle of total reflection.
The diffraction optical waveguide is a technical scheme for realizing the near-eye display of the augmented reality, the existing binocular integrated AR glasses use a single light source to be incident into an waveguide entrance pupil area, and then output images in two exit pupil areas of left and right eyes respectively; the entrance pupil area is positioned on the central axis of the waveguide substrate, the pupil expansion area is separated from two sides of the entrance pupil area and is symmetrical with respect to the central axis, the exit pupil area is positioned right below the pupil expansion area and is symmetrical with respect to the central axis, in short, the binocular integrated AR waveguide is formed, and all grating structures are symmetrically distributed with the central axis passing through the center of the entrance pupil area.
However, in order to realize different functional requirements, other functional devices, such as a camera, are placed at the center of the original entrance pupil area, and the position of the entrance pupil area needs to be correspondingly changed; the single-light-source binocular integrated waveguide grating is symmetrical about the central axis of the entrance pupil, the entrance pupil is positioned on the central axis, and the exit pupil of the corresponding single light source is also positioned in the middle position; if a camera is required to be arranged on the AR glasses, an external environment is shot, and when the shot picture is required to be consistent with the picture seen by the eyes of eyes, the camera is required to be placed in the center of the eyes; at this time, the single light source position of the symmetrical single light source binocular integrated waveguide sheet needs to be moved to the side, and the position of the central camera is reserved; therefore, in view of this current situation, there is an urgent need to develop an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and a device thereof to meet the needs of practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims at overcoming the drawbacks of the prior art, and its main objective is to provide an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and a device thereof, which are applied to augmented reality display by using the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure provided by the present application, so as to solve the problem that a light source is blocked from a camera when placed in AR glasses, expand functional use, and improve the experience effect of equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure comprises at least one layer of waveguide substrate, wherein the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate divides the waveguide substrate into a first waveguide part and a second waveguide part in a bilateral symmetry mode, and an entrance pupil area is arranged on the first waveguide part or the second waveguide part; the entrance pupil area is not positioned at the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate; a first pupil expansion area and a first exit pupil area are arranged on the first waveguide part; a second pupil expansion area and a second exit pupil area are arranged on the second waveguide part; the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area are asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the entrance pupil area; the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate; the entrance pupil area is positioned in the first waveguide part, and the area of the second pupil expansion area is larger than that of the first pupil expansion area; or the entrance pupil region is located in the second waveguide section, and the area of the first mydriatic region is larger than that of the second mydriatic region.
As a preferred embodiment: the entrance pupil area couples light into the waveguide substrate, the light entering the waveguide substrate is totally reflected to the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area, the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area expand the light, and the light corresponding to the first pupil expansion area is totally reflected to the first exit pupil area; and the light rays corresponding to the second expansion pupil area are totally reflected to the second exit pupil area, and finally the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area couple the light rays out of the waveguide substrate to form an image.
As a preferred embodiment: the first exit pupil area is positioned below the first pupil expansion area; the second exit pupil area is positioned below the second mydriatic area; at least one of the first mydriatic region and the first exit pupil region form a first optical path assembly; at least one of the second mydriatic region and the second exit pupil region form a second optical path assembly; the first light path component and the second light path component jointly receive light rays diffracted out of the same entrance pupil area.
As a preferred embodiment: the light ray angle range of the entrance pupil area entering the first pupil expansion area is the same as the light ray angle range of the entrance pupil area entering the second pupil expansion area; the entrance pupil area is positioned in the first waveguide part, and the light path length of the light transmitted to the first expansion pupil area by the entrance pupil area is smaller than the light path length of the light transmitted to the second expansion pupil area by the entrance pupil area; alternatively, the entrance pupil region is located in the second waveguide section, and the optical path length of light propagating from the entrance pupil region to the first mydriatic region is larger than the optical path length of light propagating from the entrance pupil region to the second mydriatic region.
As a preferred embodiment: the first mydriasis area is provided with a first right side edge close to the entrance pupil area, a first left side edge far from the entrance pupil area and a first upper side edge positioned above the first left side edge; the width of the first right side edge is A1, the width of the second left side edge is C1, and the length of the first upper side edge is H1; the second mydriasis area is provided with a second left side edge close to the entrance pupil area, a second right side edge far from the entrance pupil area and a second upper side edge positioned above the second right side edge; the width of the second left side edge is A2, the width of the second right side edge is C2, and the length of the second upper side edge is H2; the entrance pupil region is located in the first waveguide section, A2> A1, C2> C1, H2> H1; alternatively, the entrance pupil region is located in the second waveguide section, A1> A2, C1> C2, H1> H2.
As a preferred embodiment: the entrance pupil area, the first expansion pupil area, the first exit pupil area, the second expansion pupil area and the second exit pupil area are provided with grating pieces, and the grating pieces are arranged on the surface of the waveguide substrate; the grating member comprises any one of a diffraction grating, a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating.
As a preferred embodiment: the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area have the same shape and size, and each of the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area has a long side and a wide side, and the length of the long side is greater than the width of the wide side.
An apparatus comprising the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and an input light source.
As a preferred embodiment: the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure further comprises an additional element arranged at the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, and the additional element comprises a camera.
As a preferred embodiment: the input light source is a monochromatic light source or a color light source with a field angle; the exit pupil position of the input light source is not positioned at the vertical central axis position of the waveguide substrate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, in particular, the technical scheme shows that the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure provided by the invention is applied to augmented reality display, so that the problem that a light source is blocked from a camera when placed in AR glasses is solved, the functional use is expanded, and the equipment experience effect is improved; the entrance pupil area avoids the vertical central axis position of the waveguide substrate, and the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area are not symmetrically distributed about the central axis; the problem of conflict between the placement position of the light source and the placement of other elements is solved, and the vertical central axis position of the waveguide substrate is vacated, so that other functional settings are facilitated; the relative placement mode of the light source and the camera in the AR glasses is more reasonable, and meanwhile, the requirement surface of a customer is enlarged.
In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and efficacy of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a symmetrical binocular waveguide structure in the background of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The attached drawings are used for identifying and describing:
in the figure: 10. a waveguide substrate; 11. a first waveguide section; 12. a second waveguide section; 13. a central axis; 20. an entrance pupil region; 30. a first pupil expansion region; 40. a first exit pupil region; 50. a second pupil expansion region; 60. a second exit pupil region; 70. a camera is provided.
Detailed Description
The invention is as shown in fig. 1 to 4, an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure, which comprises at least one layer of waveguide substrate 10, wherein the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10 divides the waveguide substrate 10 into a first waveguide part 11 and a second waveguide part 12 in a bilateral symmetry mode, and an entrance pupil area 20 is arranged on the first waveguide part 11 or the second waveguide part 12; the entrance pupil area 20 is not located at the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10; the first waveguide portion 11 is provided with a first mydriatic region 30 and a first exit pupil region 40; a second mydriatic region 50 and a second exit pupil region 60 are provided on the second waveguide section 12; the first and second mydriatic regions 30 and 50 are asymmetrically distributed on both sides of the entrance pupil region 20; the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10; the entrance pupil area 20 is located within the first waveguide section 11, and the area of the second mydriatic region 50 is larger than the area of the first mydriatic region 30; or the entrance pupil area 20 is located within the second waveguide section 12, the area of the first mydriatic region 30 being larger than the area of the second mydriatic region 50.
The entrance pupil area 20 couples light into the waveguide substrate 10, the light entering the waveguide substrate 10 is totally reflected to the first and second pupil expansion areas 30 and 50, the first and second pupil expansion areas 30 and 50 expand the light, and the light corresponding to the first pupil expansion area 30 is totally reflected to the first exit pupil area 40; the light corresponding to the second mydriatic region 50 is totally reflected to the second exit pupil region 60, and finally the first exit pupil region 40 and the second exit pupil region 60 couple the light out of the waveguide substrate 10 to form an image.
The first exit pupil area 40 is located below the first mydriatic area 30; the second exit pupil area 60 is located below the second mydriatic area 50; at least one of the first mydriatic region 30 and the first exit pupil region 40 form a first optical path assembly; at least one of the second mydriatic region 50 and the second exit pupil region 60 form a second optical path assembly; the first and second light path elements together receive light diffracted out of the same entrance pupil area 20.
The entrance pupil area 20 is located on the left or right side of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10; the left first mydriatic region 30 and the right second mydriatic region 50 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the entrance pupil region 20, the shapes of the first mydriatic region 30 and the second mydriatic region 50 are not symmetrical about the central axis 13 of the waveguide, and if the entrance pupil region 20 is positioned in the first waveguide part 11, the area of the second mydriatic region 50 is larger than that of the first mydriatic region 30; if the entrance pupil area 20 is located in the second waveguide section 12, the area of the first mydriatic region 30 is larger than the area of the second mydriatic region 50; the first exit pupil area 40 on the left is located below the first mydriatic area 30, the second exit pupil area 60 on the right is located below the second mydriatic area 50, and the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 are symmetrical with respect to the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10.
By the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure, the problem that a light source is blocked in the camera 70 when placed in the AR glasses is solved, functional use is expanded, and equipment experience effect is improved; the entrance pupil area 20 avoids the position of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, and the first pupil expansion area 30 and the second pupil expansion area 50 are not symmetrically distributed about the central axis 13; the problem of conflict between the placement position of the light source and the placement of other elements is solved, and the position of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10 is vacated, so that other functional settings are facilitated; the manner of placing the light source in the AR glasses opposite to the camera 70 is more rationalized, and the demand surface of the customer is enlarged.
The angular range of light rays entering the first mydriatic region 30 from the entrance pupil region 20 is the same as the angular range of light rays entering the second mydriatic region 50 from the entrance pupil region 20; the entrance pupil area 20 is located in the first waveguide section 11, and the optical path length of the light propagating from the entrance pupil area 20 to the first mydriatic area 30 is smaller than that of the light propagating from the entrance pupil area 20 to the second mydriatic area 50; alternatively, the entrance pupil area 20 is located in the second waveguide section 12, and the optical path length of the light propagating from the entrance pupil area 20 to the first mydriatic area 30 is larger than the optical path length of the light propagating from the entrance pupil area 20 to the second mydriatic area 50.
The first mydriatic region 30 has a first right side near the entrance pupil region 20, a first left side remote from the entrance pupil region 20, and a first upper side above; the width of the first right side edge is A1, the width of the second left side edge is C1, and the length of the first upper side edge is H1; the second mydriatic region 50 has a second left side near the entrance pupil region 20, a second right side away from the entrance pupil region 20, and a second upper side above; the width of the second left side edge is A2, the width of the second right side edge is C2, and the length of the second upper side edge is H2; the entrance pupil area 20 is located in the first waveguide section 11, A2> A1, C2> C1, H2> H1; alternatively, the entrance pupil area 20 is located in the second waveguide section 12, A1> A2, C1> C2, H1> H2.
In the prior art, a symmetrical binocular waveguide is adopted, the entrance pupil area 20 is strictly symmetrical about the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, for a specific ray entering the entrance pupil area 20, the ray angle direction propagating from the entrance pupil area 20 to the expansion pupil area is defined by vectors K1, K2, K3 and K4, the vectors K1 and K3 are the uppermost ray directions, and the vectors K2 and K4 are the lowermost ray directions; k1 and K3 are symmetrical about the left-right symmetry axis of the entrance pupil area 20, and K2 and K4 are also symmetrical about the left-right symmetry axis of the entrance pupil area 20; the light propagation direction on the right side of the entrance pupil area 20 is within the angular range between K1 and K2, so that the upper and lower sides of the second mydriatic area 50 on the right side are at least along the vector directions of K1 and K2, respectively, so that the light rays propagating into the waveguide from the entrance pupil area 20 can both enter the second mydriatic area 50; the light propagation direction on the left side of the entrance pupil area 20 is in the angular range between K3 and K4, so that the upper and lower sides of the first pupil area 30 on the right side are at least along the vector directions of K1 and K2, respectively, so that light propagating into the waveguide from the entrance pupil area 20 can both enter the first pupil area 30.
A symmetrical binocular waveguide employed in the prior art has a camera 70 or other element in which the placement is in conflict with the placement of the light source directly facing the entrance pupil, with positional interference.
The application adopts an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure, the entrance pupil area 20 is moved to the right (or left) by a certain distance on the basis of the prior art, the position of the entrance pupil area 20 at the central axis 13 is avoided, and the camera 70 is arranged at the central position of the original entrance pupil area 20; the entrance pupil area 20 is located at one side of the vertical central axis 13, the waveguide input light source parameters are unchanged, then the light angle direction of the light entering the waveguide substrate 10 from the entrance pupil area 20 is unchanged by vectors K1, K2, K3 and K4, only the right (or left) translation is performed, the light angle is unchanged, the appearance of the first and second pupil expansion areas 30 and 50 can be changed along with the propagation distance of the light, so that the appearance sizes of the two pupil expansion areas are not symmetrical relative to the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide, the area size of the first or second pupil expansion area 30 and 50 close to the entrance pupil area 20 is small, and the area size of the first or second pupil expansion area 30 and 50 far from the entrance pupil area 20 is large.
The application adopts an asymmetric binocular waveguide structure, the entrance pupil area 20 avoids the position of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, and the first pupil expansion area 30 and the second pupil expansion area 50 are not symmetrically distributed about the central axis 13; the problem of conflict between the light source placement position and other element placement is solved, and the position of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10 is vacated, so that other functional settings are facilitated.
The entrance pupil area 20 is moved left or right towards the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, so that the optical paths of light rays incident at a certain angle, which propagate on the left side and the right side of the entrance pupil area 20, are different, and a first pupil expansion area 30 and a second pupil expansion area 50 which are asymmetric relative to the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10 are formed; the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 located at the left and right sides of the vertical central axis 13 are symmetrical with respect to the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, the eye sight line center is located on the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, and the camera 70 is also located at the position of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, so that the shooting center of the camera 70 coincides with the eye sight line center, and the external environment picture shot by the camera 70 is not offset from the sight line center picture.
The asymmetric binocular waveguide structure has the advantages that the entrance pupil area 20 is not arranged on the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10 in a centered mode, the placement of the camera 70 and other elements is facilitated, the arrangement of the elements of the AR equipment is more reasonable, the functional use is expanded, and the equipment experience effect is improved.
The entrance pupil region 20, the first exit pupil region 30, the first exit pupil region 40, the second exit pupil region 50 and the second exit pupil region 60 each have a grating member, which is disposed on the surface of the waveguide substrate 10; the grating member comprises any one of a diffraction grating, a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating.
An asymmetric binocular waveguide structure comprises at least one waveguide substrate 10, an entrance pupil area 20, a first optical path component and a second optical path component; the first optical path assembly includes at least one first dilated area 30 and a first exit pupil area 40, and the second optical path assembly includes at least one second dilated area 50 and a second exit pupil area 60, which together receive image light diffracted out of the same entrance pupil area 20; the grating elements of the entrance pupil area 20, the first exit pupil area 30, the first exit pupil area 40, the second exit pupil area 50 and the second exit pupil area 60 are all arranged on the upper surface of the waveguide substrate 10, wherein the entrance pupil area 20 is positioned on the left side or the right side of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10 and near the upper edge position of the waveguide substrate 10, the first exit pupil area 30 and the second exit pupil area 50 are positioned on two sides of the entrance pupil area 20, and the optical path of light rays transmitted to the first exit pupil area 30 by the entrance pupil area 20 is larger or smaller than the optical path of light rays transmitted to the second exit pupil area 50 by the entrance pupil area 20 according to different positions of the entrance pupil area 20.
On the first waveguide section 11 or the second waveguide section 12 based on the entrance pupil area 20; the entrance pupil area 20 is not located at the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10; the entrance pupil area 20 is positioned on the left or right side of the central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10; the image light emitted by the light source is coupled in through the entrance pupil area 20, emitted to bilateral symmetry total reflection, and the light path length of the light transmitted to the first pupil expansion area 30 by the entrance pupil area 20 is larger or smaller than the light path length of the light transmitted to the second pupil expansion area 50 by the entrance pupil area 20; the first exit pupil area 40 is located at the lower side of the first expansion pupil area 30, the second exit pupil area 60 is located at the lower side of the second expansion pupil area 50, and in order to ensure that the imaging effect of the single light source projection binocular diffraction coupling-out into one image is highly uniform, the shapes and the sizes of the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 of the diffraction grating in the waveguide substrate 10 are designed to be uniform, the average IPD of an adult is 63mm, and the center distance between the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 is the pupil distance IPD of a human eye and is in the range of 50-75 mm.
The image light emitted by the light source is coupled into the waveguide substrate 10 through the entrance pupil area 20, then is incident on the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 through total reflection, at this time, a part of the light is turned to the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60, the rest of the light continues to propagate forward through reflection, then is incident on the first exit pupil area 30 and the second exit pupil area 50 again, at this time, a part of the light is turned to the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 again, and the one-dimensional pupil expansion is realized by repeating the process.
On the basis of the original strict symmetry based on the left and right surfaces of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, the geometric centers of the entrance pupil area 20, the first pupil expansion area 30 and the second pupil expansion area 50 can be on the same horizontal line, and the geometric centers of the three can be not on the same horizontal line due to the deviation of the central rays formed by different incident light directions of the light source; because the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 are completely identical in size and are completely symmetrically separated on both sides based on the optical waveguide sheet central axis 13, the geometric centers of the first exit pupil area 40 and the first mydriatic area 30 are not in the same vertical direction.
The first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 are the same shape and size, and the first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 each have a long side and a wide side, and the length of the long side is greater than the width of the wide side.
An apparatus includes the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and an input light source.
The asymmetric binocular waveguide structure further comprises an additional element arranged at the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, and the additional element comprises a camera.
The input light source is a monochromatic light source or a color light source with a field angle; the exit pupil position of the input light source is not located at the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10.
The device with the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure provided by the application enables the relative placement mode of the light source and the camera 70 in the AR glasses to be more reasonable, and simultaneously enlarges the requirement surface of a customer.
Example 1
The entrance pupil area 20 is located on the right side of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, i.e. the entrance pupil area 20 is located in the second waveguide section 12, the first mydriatic area 30 has a first right side close to the entrance pupil area 20, a first left side away from the entrance pupil area 20 and a first upper side located above; the width of the first right side edge is A1, the width of the second left side edge is C1, and the length of the first upper side edge is H1; the second mydriatic region 50 has a second left side near the entrance pupil region 20, a second right side away from the entrance pupil region 20, and a second upper side above; the width of the second left side edge is A2, the width of the second right side edge is C2, and the length of the second upper side edge is H2; the first right side edge of the first mydriatic region 30 is at a distance X1 from the center position of the entrance pupil region 20, and the second left side edge of the second mydriatic region 50 is at a distance X2 from the center position of the entrance pupil region 20, then X1> X2 when the entrance pupil region 20 is located in the second waveguide section 12; a1> A2, C1> C2, H1> H2.
The first exit pupil area 40 and the second exit pupil area 60 in the waveguide substrate 10 have the same size, the length is L1, the width is W1, and the L1 is greater than W1, and the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area are strictly and symmetrically separated from two sides by the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10; the length of the first upper side of the first mydriatic region 30 and the length of the second upper side of the second mydriatic region 50 can also be designed to be equal according to the length of the exit pupil region, namely, H1 is equal to or larger than H2.
Example 2
The entrance pupil area 20 is located to the left of the vertical central axis 13 of the waveguide substrate 10, i.e. the entrance pupil area 20 is located within the first waveguide section 11, the first mydriatic area 30 has a first right side close to the entrance pupil area 20, a first left side remote from the entrance pupil area 20 and a first upper side located above; the width of the first right side edge is A1, the width of the second left side edge is C1, and the length of the first upper side edge is H1; the second mydriatic region 50 has a second left side near the entrance pupil region 20, a second right side away from the entrance pupil region 20, and a second upper side above; the width of the second left side edge is A2, the width of the second right side edge is C2, and the length of the second upper side edge is H2; the distance between the first right side edge of the first mydriatic region 30 and the center position of the entrance pupil region 20 is X1, and the distance between the second left side edge of the second mydriatic region 50 and the center position of the entrance pupil region 20 is X2, then X1< X2 when the entrance pupil region 20 is located in the first waveguide section 11; a1< A2, C1< C2, H1< H2; the length of the first upper side of the first mydriatic region 30 and the length of the second upper side of the second mydriatic region 50 can also be designed to be equal according to the length of the exit pupil region, i.e. H1+.H2
The use method and principle of the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure and the device thereof are as follows:
coupling image light emitted by a light source into a waveguide substrate through an entrance pupil area, then, entering the first and second exit pupil areas through total reflection, wherein a part of the light is turned to the first and second exit pupil areas, the rest of the light continuously propagates forwards through reflection, then, enters the first and second exit pupil areas again, and at the moment, a part of the light is turned to the first and second exit pupil areas, and the one-dimensional pupil expansion is realized by repeating the process; the entrance pupil area is moved to the left or right of the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, so that the optical paths of light rays incident at a certain angle, which are transmitted at the left side and the right side of the entrance pupil area, are different, and a first pupil expansion area and a second pupil expansion area which are asymmetric with respect to the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate are formed; the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area which are positioned at the left side and the right side of the vertical central axis are symmetrical with respect to the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, the human eye sight line center is positioned on the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, and the camera is also arranged at the position of the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, so that the shooting center of the camera coincides with the human eye sight line center, and an external environment picture shot by the camera is not offset from the sight line center picture.
The design focus of the invention is that the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure provided by the application is applied to augmented reality display, so that the problem that a light source is blocked from a camera when placed in AR glasses is solved, the functional use is expanded, and the equipment experience effect is improved; the entrance pupil area avoids the vertical central axis position of the waveguide substrate, and the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area are not symmetrically distributed about the central axis; the problem of conflict between the placement position of the light source and the placement of other elements is solved, and the vertical central axis position of the waveguide substrate is vacated, so that other functional settings are facilitated; the relative placement mode of the light source and the camera in the AR glasses is more reasonable, and meanwhile, the requirement surface of a customer is enlarged.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An asymmetric binocular waveguide structure characterized by; the device comprises at least one layer of waveguide substrate, wherein the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate divides the waveguide substrate into a first waveguide part and a second waveguide part in bilateral symmetry, and an entrance pupil area is arranged on the first waveguide part or the second waveguide part; the entrance pupil area is not positioned at the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate; a first pupil expansion area and a first exit pupil area are arranged on the first waveguide part; a second pupil expansion area and a second exit pupil area are arranged on the second waveguide part; the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area are asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the entrance pupil area; the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate; the entrance pupil area is positioned in the first waveguide part, and the area of the second pupil expansion area is larger than that of the first pupil expansion area; or the entrance pupil region is located in the second waveguide section, and the area of the first mydriatic region is larger than that of the second mydriatic region.
2. The asymmetric binocular waveguide of claim 1, wherein; the entrance pupil area couples light into the waveguide substrate, the light entering the waveguide substrate is totally reflected to the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area, the first pupil expansion area and the second pupil expansion area expand the light, and the light corresponding to the first pupil expansion area is totally reflected to the first exit pupil area; and the light rays corresponding to the second expansion pupil area are totally reflected to the second exit pupil area, and finally the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area couple the light rays out of the waveguide substrate to form an image.
3. The asymmetric binocular waveguide of claim 2, wherein; the first exit pupil area is positioned below the first pupil expansion area; the second exit pupil area is positioned below the second mydriatic area; at least one of the first mydriatic region and the first exit pupil region form a first optical path assembly; at least one of the second mydriatic region and the second exit pupil region form a second optical path assembly; the first light path component and the second light path component jointly receive light rays diffracted out of the same entrance pupil area.
4. The asymmetric binocular waveguide of claim 1, wherein; the light ray angle range of the entrance pupil area entering the first pupil expansion area is the same as the light ray angle range of the entrance pupil area entering the second pupil expansion area; the entrance pupil area is positioned in the first waveguide part, and the light path length of the light transmitted to the first expansion pupil area by the entrance pupil area is smaller than the light path length of the light transmitted to the second expansion pupil area by the entrance pupil area; alternatively, the entrance pupil region is located in the second waveguide section, and the optical path length of light propagating from the entrance pupil region to the first mydriatic region is larger than the optical path length of light propagating from the entrance pupil region to the second mydriatic region.
5. The asymmetric binocular waveguide of claim 1, wherein; the first mydriasis area is provided with a first right side edge close to the entrance pupil area, a first left side edge far from the entrance pupil area and a first upper side edge positioned above the first left side edge; the width of the first right side edge is A1, the width of the second left side edge is C1, and the length of the first upper side edge is H1; the second mydriasis area is provided with a second left side edge close to the entrance pupil area, a second right side edge far from the entrance pupil area and a second upper side edge positioned above the second right side edge; the width of the second left side edge is A2, the width of the second right side edge is C2, and the length of the second upper side edge is H2; the entrance pupil region is located in the first waveguide section, A2> A1, C2> C1, H2> H1; alternatively, the entrance pupil region is located in the second waveguide section, A1> A2, C1> C2, H1> H2.
6. The asymmetric binocular waveguide of claim 1, wherein; the entrance pupil area, the first expansion pupil area, the first exit pupil area, the second expansion pupil area and the second exit pupil area are provided with grating pieces, and the grating pieces are arranged on the surface of the waveguide substrate; the grating member comprises any one of a diffraction grating, a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating.
7. The asymmetric binocular waveguide of claim 1, wherein; the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area have the same shape and size, and each of the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area has a long side and a wide side, and the length of the long side is greater than the width of the wide side.
8. An apparatus, characterized by; comprising an asymmetric binocular waveguide of any of claims 1-7 and an input light source.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus comprises; the asymmetric binocular waveguide structure further comprises an additional element arranged at the vertical central axis of the waveguide substrate, and the additional element comprises a camera.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus comprises; the input light source is a monochromatic light source or a color light source with a field angle; the exit pupil position of the input light source is not positioned at the vertical central axis position of the waveguide substrate.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117111201A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Single-side entrance pupil binocular waveguide and AR glasses |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117111201A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Single-side entrance pupil binocular waveguide and AR glasses |
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