CN116661050B - Optical waveguide device and near-to-eye display equipment - Google Patents
Optical waveguide device and near-to-eye display equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 45
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/35—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being liquid crystals
Abstract
The application relates to an optical waveguide device and a near-eye display device, comprising: the two substrates are arranged at intervals, and two substrates are provided with: the first waveguide structure is arranged along the first direction and comprises a plurality of first waveguide sheets, and the first waveguide sheets and the first direction have a first included angle beta; the second waveguide structure is arranged along the second direction and comprises a plurality of second waveguide sheets, and the second waveguide sheets and the first direction have a second included angle gamma; the inclined coupling-in element is arranged on one side close to the first waveguide structure and is arranged along the first direction; the projection surface of the inclined coupling-in element projected along the third direction comprises a first side edge and a second side edge which are opposite to each other, and the first side edge is connected with the second side edge; the first side edge is parallel to the second direction, and the second side edge intersects with the first direction to form an included angle alpha; the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, so that the problem of uneven brightness is solved effectively and fundamentally.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to an optical waveguide device and near-to-eye display equipment.
Background
The head-mounted display for augmented reality adopts a near-to-eye display technology, people can watch virtual images being projected while looking at surrounding environments, the virtual images are overlapped on the real world perceived by the user, more lifelike experience can be built, and the user immersion feeling is stronger. The main technology comprises the following steps: the head-mounted display adopting the optical waveguide technology has the advantages of increased field angle and smaller volume compared with other technologies.
Since the exit pupil of a two-dimensional array optical waveguide (2D-RWGSs) can be expanded in both directions, a better imaging effect can be achieved with a more compact volume, but there are still some problems that have not been solved, such as luminance uniformity of a 2D-RWGS display image.
The 2D-RWGS mainly comprises three major parts of a coupling-in structure, a turning structure and a coupling-out structure. When the entrance pupil of the light engine can be completely filled with the entrance pupil of the 2D-RWGS, uniformity of the display image of the 2D-RWGS is mainly affected by the turning structure and the coupling-out structure, wherein in the coupling-out structure, when light passes through the spliced position of the two partial reflectors, multiple transmission and multiple reflection phenomena exist, so that uniformity of brightness of the display virtual image is reduced. The uniformity in the turning structure with the uniformity reduced is influenced by the factors such as the reflectivity, the spacing and the angle of the array part reflecting mirrors, the angle and the spacing of the reflecting mirrors directly influence the arrangement of the replication pupils in the turning structure, and when the replication pupils are sparsely spliced or partially overlapped and spliced, the problem of uneven brightness exists.
The solution in the prior art is to greatly reduce the pitch of the array mirrors in the turning structure, so that the replication pupils are completely overlapped and spliced, but the reduction of the pitch means that more mirrors are required to expand the pupils, which greatly increases the processing difficulty of the 2D-RWGS and reduces the yield.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the application provides the optical waveguide device and the near-to-eye display equipment, and the problem of uneven brightness of a two-dimensional array optical waveguide display image is fundamentally solved by arranging the oblique coupling element.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides an optical waveguide device comprising: the two substrates are arranged at intervals, and two substrates are provided with:
a first waveguide structure arranged along the first direction and including a plurality of first waveguide plates having a first angle with the first directionβ；
The second waveguide structure is arranged along the second direction and comprises a plurality of second waveguide sheets, and the second waveguide sheets and the first direction have a second included angleγ；
The inclined coupling-in element is arranged on one side close to the first waveguide structure and is arranged along the first direction; the projection surface of the inclined coupling-in element projected along the third direction comprises a first side edge and a second side edge which are opposite to each other, and the first side edge is connected with the second side edge; the first side edge is parallel to the second direction, and the second side edge intersects with the first direction to form an included angleα；
The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
As a preferable technical proposal, the included angleαIs less than or equal to 5 DEGα≤20°。
As a preferable technical proposal, the included angleα=7°, the spacing between adjacent ones of the plurality of first waveguide sheets is 3.3mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the number of the first waveguide sheets is 10-12.
As a preferred embodiment, the oblique coupling element is a wedge prism.
As an preferable technical scheme, the wedge angle prism is a triangular prism, and a projection plane of the triangular prism along the second direction is triangular.
As a preferable technical scheme, the first included angleβIs 0 DEG <)βLess than or equal to 60 degrees; second included angleγIs less than or equal to 0 DEGγ＜90°。
As a preferred solution, the opposite first side edge and the opposite second side edge enclose a parallelogram.
As an preferable technical scheme, the first waveguide structure further comprises a plurality of first beam splitters, and the plurality of first beam splitters are arranged at intervals along the first direction and are formed on the surface of the first waveguide sheet; the second waveguide structure further comprises a plurality of second beam splitters which are arranged at intervals along the second direction and are formed on the surface of the second waveguide sheet.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a near-eye display device comprising an optical waveguide device as described in any one of the preceding claims.
The technical scheme adopted by the application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the optical waveguide device and the near-to-eye display device, the inclined coupling elements can modulate the entrance pupil sizes of different view angles, so that the copying pupils in the turning structure are tightly spliced, the brightness uniformity of a virtual image displayed by the two-dimensional array optical waveguide is effectively improved, compared with the prior art, the problem of uneven brightness is fundamentally solved, the distance between reflecting mirrors is not required to be reduced, namely fewer reflecting mirrors can be adopted in the turning structure, the cost is greatly reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments are briefly described below to form a part of the present application, and the exemplary embodiments of the present application and the description thereof illustrate the present application and do not constitute undue limitations of the present application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an equivalent optical path diagram of light in a conventional two-dimensional arrayed waveguide structure in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an optical waveguide device disclosed in this embodiment 1-2;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the two-dimensional array waveguide structure disclosed in this embodiment 1-2;
FIG. 4 is a graph of simulation results of light rays in a conventional two-dimensional array waveguide structure in the prior art;
fig. 5 is a graph of simulation results of light rays disclosed in embodiment 2 in a two-dimensional array waveguide structure.
Reference numerals illustrate:
a two-dimensional array waveguide 100; a first waveguide structure 101; a second waveguide structure 102; a diagonal coupling element 103; a proximal field ray 110; a distal field of view ray 111; a central field of view ray 112; the pupil 113 is replicated.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through a medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present application.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
According to fig. 1, an equivalent optical path diagram is given, where the distance between the human eye and the first waveguide structure 101 is set to be equivalent length, in this embodiment, the equivalent length is used instead of the coupling-out structure, the light with the set entrance pupil is transmitted from right to left, and after entering the turning structure, the light is reflected by the array partial reflectors therein, and then transmitted from top to bottom to the coupling-out structure, the distances between all the reflectors in fig. 1 are uniform, for convenience of explanation and analysis, we refer to the light entering the human eye near the entrance pupil end as a near-end field light ray 110, the light entering the human eye far from the entrance pupil as a far-end field light ray 111, the light entering the human eye vertically as a central field light ray 112, and the propagation paths of the near-end and far-end marginal field light rays are given. At this time, for the near-field light rays 110, the replica pupil 113 is tightly spliced, so that the near-edge field is observed to be uniform by the human eye, but for the central field light rays 112 and the far-field light rays 111, the replica pupil 113 is spliced to be overlapped, so that a problem of bright and dark fringes occurs, thereby causing uneven brightness. More seriously, the light rays of the same angle of view received by the human eye at different positions and at different exit pupils may come from different replica pupils 113, so that if brightness uniformity is to be optimized by changing the mirror pitch, only the situation at a specific human eye position and at a specific exit pupil distance can be satisfied, and once the human eye position is changed or the exit pupil distance is changed, the brightness uniformity is lowered.
Based on the above-described parsed root cause of occurrence of luminance unevenness, in order to fundamentally solve the luminance uniformity problem, according to fig. 2-3, the present embodiment provides an optical waveguide device, including: the two substrates are arranged at intervals, and two substrates are provided with:
the first waveguide structure 101 is disposed along a first direction, the first waveguide structure 101 includes a plurality of first waveguide plates having a first angle with the first directionβ；
The second waveguide structure 102 is disposed along the second direction, the second waveguide structure 102 includes a plurality of second waveguide plates having a second angle with the first directionγ；
An angled coupling-in element 103 disposed adjacent to one side of the first waveguide structure 101 and disposed along a first direction; the projection surface of the diagonal coupling-in element 103 projected along the third direction comprises a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the first side being connected to the second side; the first side edge is parallel to the second direction, and the second side edge intersects with the first direction to form an included angleα；
The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
The optical waveguide device provided by the embodiment well realizes that the reproduction pupils 113 of the near-end view field light ray 110, the far-end view field light ray 111 and the central view field light ray 112 are tightly spliced, and obviously improves the definition of a display image; the entrance pupil sizes of different view angles can be modulated, so that the replication pupil 113 in the turning structure is tightly spliced, the brightness uniformity of the virtual image displayed by the array waveguide sheet is effectively improved, and the problem of uneven brightness is fundamentally solved; the number of the reflectors is not required to be increased for reducing the distance between the reflectors, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the angleαIs less than or equal to 5 DEGα≤20°。
Preferably, the diagonal coupling-in element 103 is a wedge angle prism.
Preferably, the wedge angle prism is a triangular prism, and a projection plane of the triangular prism along the second direction is triangular.
Specifically, according to fig. 3, a three-dimensional coordinate system is set along a first direction, i.e., an X-axis, along a second direction, i.e., a Y-axis, along a second waveguide sheet, and perpendicular to the first waveguide sheet and the second waveguide sheet, i.e., a Z-axis, and the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are perpendicular to each other, so as to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system, and fig. 3 is a projection plane, i.e., a front view, of the two-dimensional array waveguide 100 in the Z-axis direction.
In this embodiment, the two-dimensional array waveguide 100 is set up for the right purpose, and the diagonal coupling element 103 is preferably a wedge prism, and is set up on one side of the first waveguide structure 101 and along the X-axis direction. In a preferred embodiment, the diagonal coupling-in element 103 is a diagonal triangular prism, the plane of projection of which in the Y direction is triangular, the triangular shape of which may be an obtuse triangle, an isosceles triangle, as long as the triangle satisfies an angle between 25 ° and 35 ° near the substrate side, so that the coupling-in couples parallel light into the first waveguide structure 101; the X-direction projection plane is a parallelogram, the Z-direction projection plane is two parallelograms, and the parallelograms are spliced into a large parallelogram.
Wherein the large parallelogram comprises a first side edge and a second side edge which are parallel to each other, namely two first side edges and two second side edges, wherein the two first side edges are parallel to each other, the two second side edges are parallel to each other, the first side edge is parallel to the Y direction, and the second side edge intersects the X direction to form an included angleαIncluded angle ofαPreferably acute angle, the arrangement can effectively improve the display of the two-dimensional array waveguide 100 sheetsBrightness uniformity of the virtual image. In a preferred embodiment, the included angleαThe value is less than or equal to 5 degreesαThe brightness is not more than 20 degrees, the problem of uneven brightness can be fundamentally solved, the number of the reflectors is not required to be increased for reducing the distance between the reflectors, the cost is greatly reduced, and the user experience is improved. In addition, for the included angleαThe specific angle value needs to be set by combining the refractive indexes of the first waveguide structure 101, the second waveguide structure 102 and the waveguide substrate, and the transmitted field angle can be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual requirements so as to achieve the best brightness uniformity effect.
Preferably, a first included angleβIs 0 DEG <)βLess than or equal to 60 degrees; second included angleγIs less than or equal to 0 DEGγ＜90°。
Preferably, the opposing first side edges and the opposing second side edges enclose a parallelogram.
Preferably, the first waveguide structure 101 further includes a plurality of first beam splitters, and the plurality of first beam splitters are disposed at intervals along the first direction and formed on the surface of the first waveguide sheet; the second waveguide structure 102 further includes a plurality of second beam splitters, which are disposed at intervals along the second direction and formed on the surface of the second waveguide sheet.
Specifically, the two-dimensional array optical waveguide includes a first waveguide structure 101, a second waveguide structure 102 and an oblique coupling element 103, where the first waveguide structure 101 includes a plurality of first waveguide plates parallel to each other and a plurality of first beam splitters parallel to each other, and the first beam splitters are embedded between two adjacent first waveguide plates, so that the plurality of first waveguide plates and the plurality of first beam splitters are alternately arranged. Similarly, the second waveguide structure 102 includes a plurality of second waveguide plates parallel to each other and a plurality of second beam splitters parallel to each other, where the second beam splitters are embedded between two adjacent second waveguide plates, and the plurality of second waveguide plates and the plurality of second beam splitters are alternately arranged. In order to more clearly embody that the plurality of first waveguide plates and the plurality of first beam splitters are alternately arranged, the plurality of second waveguide plates and the plurality of second beam splitters are alternately arranged, and in fig. 2-3, the partial areas at the positions of the first waveguide structure 101 and the second waveguide structure 102 are represented by a combination of a dotted line and a solid line, that is, the solid line represents the first waveguide plate or the second waveguide plate, the dotted line represents the first beam splitter or the second beam splitter, and in this embodiment, the first waveguide structure 101 is a turning structure, and the second waveguide structure 102 is a coupling structure.
The first waveguide structure 101 has a first angle with the X-axis direction, the first angle range of which satisfies 0 DEG <βThe uniformity is improved by less than or equal to 60 degrees. The second waveguide structure 102 has a second included angle with the X-axis direction, and the second included angle range satisfies 0 degree less than or equal toγLess than 90 deg.. In a preferred embodiment, the first included angleβThe second angle is 45 degrees, and the second angle is 0 degree, so that the effect of the oblique coupling element 103 is more beneficial to be exerted, and the effect of ensuring that the replicated pupils 113 at the central visual field, the near-end and the far-end edge visual field light rays are tightly spliced is more excellent.
The first waveguide structure 101 is used for turning the exit pupil of the coupling-in element, and each first beam splitter can image the exit pupil once, so that the pupil expansion in the horizontal direction is realized; the second waveguide structure 102 is similar to a common one-dimensional array waveguide, and the second waveguide structure 102 is used for coupling out the light beam turned by the first waveguide structure 101, so that the light beam is received by human eyes and the pupil expansion in the vertical direction is realized; the slanted coupling element 103 is disposed adjacent to a side of the first waveguide structure 101, and mainly functions to couple the parallel light emitted from the optical engine into the first waveguide structure 101.
Preferably, the plurality of first waveguide slices are the same size; the plurality of second waveguide sheets have the same size, wherein the first waveguide sheet and the second waveguide sheet have the same or different sizes, and are set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. In a preferred embodiment, the first waveguide sheet and the second waveguide sheet are the same size, which helps to enhance the display effect.
Preferably, the material of the substrate and the diagonal coupling member 103 is a transparent glass material or a transparent resin material. The diagonal coupling-in element 103 may be a wedge angle prism, provided that the angle of the projection plane at an angle adjacent to the substrate is between 25 ° and 35 °, and the projection plane in the Z-direction is two parallelograms, the second side of which intersects the X-direction to form an angleαIncluded angle ofαThe angle is acute, and the incident light is reflected twice in the interior of the angle, so that the angle deflection is realized, and the angle deflection is not particularly limited. In a preferred embodiment, the oblique coupling element 103 is an oblique triangular prism, the projection surface of the oblique triangular prism in the Y direction is triangular, the triangle is preferably isosceles triangle, and the angle close to one corner of the substrate is preferably 30 °, so that the structure is simple to manufacture, the effect of eliminating bright and dark stripes is optimal, and the image display effect is better.
According to fig. 2-3, when a human eye observes a display image of a certain size through the two-dimensional array waveguide 100, it is actually a process in which parallel light of different angles is collected by the human eye onto the retina, each angle represents one image information, and the larger the angle of the parallel light, the larger the angle of the image field angle observed by the human eye.
In the process that the light rays with different angles of view enter human eyes, each part of reflecting mirror in the turning structure reflects the light rays with different angles of view, one replication pupil 113 is obtained after each reflection, the image information carried by each replication pupil 113 is consistent with the entrance pupil, and all the replication pupils 113 form the exit pupil of the turning structure, so that the uniformity of the exit pupil of the turning structure directly influences the uniformity of the final display image. The uniformity of the exit pupil of the apparent turning structure is determined by the condition of the replication pupil 113 stitching.
Assuming that light propagates along the X-axis direction, i.e. the direction in which light enters the diagonal coupling-in element 103 and then enters the first waveguide structure 101, the effective entrance pupil size of light rays at different angles of view is different when light rays at the entrance pupil Do pass through the diagonal coupling-in element 103, since the upper and lower surfaces of the coupling-out structure are absorbing surfaces, assuming that the entrance pupil of light rays at the near-end edge isDo ne The entrance pupil size of the rays of the central field and the far fieldDo c AndDo fe the method comprises the following steps of:
generally, if the light of any angle of view passes through the slant coupling element 103, the propagation angle from YZ plane is set to be-β"the light ray of the light is the same as,β"indicates the angle between the propagating light and the projection line of the light absorption surface YZ," - "indicates the direction from the light propagation direction to the rotation of the projection line of the light absorption surface YZ, and counterclockwise is negative and clockwise is positive, and the positive and negative correspond to the positive and negative of the image field angle. As can be seen from the geometrical light system, the propagation angle is-β"sumβ"，β"<αIn the time, among them,β"is the propagation angle of light ray on YZ plane, not the angle of view, but the angle of view corresponds one by one, so here can replace with beta", thus simplify the light ray of problem, its entrance pupil size is respectively:
wherein the projection surface of the diagonal coupling-in element 103 in the Y-axis direction is triangular, and the side length of the triangle adjacent to the substrate is L. It should be noted that the first waveguide structure 101, the second waveguide structure 102 and the diagonal coupling element 103 shown in fig. 1-3 are only schematic, and are not limited to the embodiments of the present application, and may be designed according to practical situations when implemented.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an optical waveguide device, which is different from embodiment 2 in the included angleα=7°, a plurality of first waveguide sheets are spaced apart from each other by 3.3mm, and have a first angleβ45 degrees, a second included angleγIs 0 deg..
Specifically, the diagonal coupling-in element 103 is a triangular prism, the angle of the projection plane in the X-axis direction near the substrate corner is 30 °, and the angle α=7° is calculated by computer software to simulate the two-dimensional array waveguide 100 in fig. 2, see fig. 5, in which the size of the exit pupil of the optical engine is 4 mm by 4 mm, i.e. the two-dimensional waveThe entrance pupil is 4 mm by 4 mm, the turning structure reflector spacing is 3.3mm, the exit pupil distance is 20 mm, the transmission field angle is 26.2 degrees by 15 degrees,α=7°, human eye pupil diameter 2.6 mm. In this case, the number of the first waveguide pieces is preferably 10 to 12 pieces.
In order to more clearly see the effect, the same simulation was performed under the same conditions by using a common regular triangular prism coupling structure in this embodiment, and the simulation structure is shown in fig. 4. It is apparent that the brightness uniformity effect of the two-dimensional array waveguide 100 provided with the diagonal coupling-in element 103 is better. For included anglesαIn the case of =7°, the two-dimensional array waveguide 100, the near field ray 110 in different angles of view; the combination of the far-end view field light 111 and the replication pupil 113 of the central view field light 112 is compact, and has no overlapping and separation conditions and good brightness uniformity effect.
Example 3
This embodiment provides a near-eye display device including the optical waveguide device of embodiments 1-2. The device comprises the oblique coupling-in element 103, so that the problem of uneven brightness is solved effectively and fundamentally, and the image display effect is improved remarkably.
The above description of the optical waveguide device and the near-eye display device in the embodiments of the present application has been provided in detail, and specific examples are applied to the description of the principles and embodiments of the present application, where the description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.
Claims (8)
1. An optical waveguide device, comprising: the device comprises two substrates which are arranged at intervals, wherein the space between the two substrates is provided with:
the first waveguide structure is arranged along a first direction and comprises a plurality of first waveguide sheets, and the first waveguide sheets and the first direction have a first included angle beta;
the second waveguide structure is arranged along a second direction and comprises a plurality of second waveguide sheets, and the second waveguide sheets and the first direction have a second included angle gamma;
an angled coupling-in element disposed adjacent to one side of the first waveguide structure and disposed along the first direction; the first projection surface of the inclined coupling-in element projected along the third direction comprises a first side edge and a second side edge which are opposite to each other, and the first side edge is connected with the second side edge; the first side edge is parallel to the second direction, and the second side edge intersects with the first direction to form an included angle alpha; the included angle alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees;
the inclined coupling element is an inclined wedge angle prism, the inclined wedge angle prism is provided with a second projection surface along the second direction, and the angle of the second projection surface at one angle close to the first waveguide structure is 25-35 degrees;
the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
2. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein the included angle α=7°, and the interval between adjacent ones of the plurality of first waveguide pieces is 3.3mm.
3. The optical waveguide device of claim 2 wherein the first number of waveguide slices is 10-12 slices.
4. The optical waveguide device of claim 1, wherein the wedge angle prism is a triangular prism, and a projection plane of the triangular prism along the second direction is triangular.
5. The optical waveguide device of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the first included angle β is 0 ° < β+.ltoreq.60°; the second included angle gamma is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.
6. The optical waveguide device of any of claims 1-4 wherein the opposing first side and the opposing second side enclose a parallelogram.
7. The optical waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first waveguide structure further comprises a plurality of first beam splitters disposed at intervals along the first direction and formed on a surface of the plurality of first waveguide sheets; the second waveguide structure further comprises a plurality of second beam splitters, and the second beam splitters are arranged at intervals along the second direction and formed on the surfaces of the second waveguide plates.
8. A near-eye display device comprising the optical waveguide device of any one of claims 1-7.
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| EP3692401A1 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-08-12 | Lumus Ltd. | Optical aperture expansion arrangement for near-eye displays |
| CN112987166A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide assembly and head-mounted display device |
| CN113504606A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-10-15 | 北京灵犀微光科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide device and AR equipment |
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| CN114755828A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-15 | 未来光学(上饶)科研院有限公司 | Large-view-field multi-waveguide system and near-to-eye display equipment |
| CN217954772U (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-12-02 | 北京灵犀微光科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide device, near-to-eye display device and smart glasses |
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| EP3692401A1 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-08-12 | Lumus Ltd. | Optical aperture expansion arrangement for near-eye displays |
| CN114514460A (en) * | 2020-08-23 | 2022-05-17 | 鲁姆斯有限公司 | Optical system for two-dimensional expansion of images with reduced scintillation and ghosting of waveguides |
| CN112987166A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide assembly and head-mounted display device |
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