CN116295788A - Multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method - Google Patents
Multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas leakage detection, in particular to a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method, wherein the system comprises an optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, a photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, a movable optical image detection subsystem and a multi-mode analysis platform; the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem comprises an optical fiber monitoring module; each group of optical fiber monitoring modules respectively corresponds to one section of natural gas pipe section and comprises two sections of auxiliary optical fibers, at least one section of monitoring optical fiber, and a corresponding optical fiber pulse emitter and optical fiber sensor; the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem comprises a photoelectric monitoring module; each group of photoelectric monitoring modules corresponds to one pipeline valve and comprises a laser transmitter and a photoelectric sensor which are respectively arranged at two sides of the pipeline valve; the movable optical image detection subsystem comprises a movement detection module; each set of movement detection modules includes a movement device, an optical gas camera, a locator, and a signal transceiver. The invention can monitor the natural gas pipeline in real time and efficiently position the leakage point.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of natural gas leakage detection, in particular to a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method.
Background
Natural gas is a flammable mixture, the main component being methane gas. The leakage of natural gas can cause explosion, so that the important property loss is caused, and the resource waste is also caused. Therefore, the method has great significance in detecting the leakage of the natural gas and locating the leakage points.
At present, the traditional natural gas leakage detection method generally uses a sniffer technology and a probe to detect, needs to closely contact a detected area, and has low safety when a detector is exposed to an environment with potential explosion risk, which cannot be seen by naked eyes. Meanwhile, in the area where natural gas leakage is found, the traditional leakage detection and investigation means are difficult to quickly locate specific leakage points, and are common pain points in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems of high risk and difficult positioning in the prior art for detecting the leakage position of the natural gas, the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method, which can automatically monitor a natural gas pipeline in real time and efficiently position the leakage point based on multi-mode information.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system, applied to a natural gas pipeline, including: the system comprises an optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, a photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, a movable optical image detection subsystem and a multi-mode analysis platform; wherein,,
The optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem comprises at least one group of optical fiber monitoring modules, and each group of optical fiber monitoring modules corresponds to one section of natural gas pipe respectively; the optical fiber monitoring module comprises two sections of auxiliary optical fibers, at least one section of monitoring optical fiber, an optical fiber pulse emitter and an optical fiber sensor, wherein the two sections of auxiliary optical fibers are tightly wound at two ends of a natural gas pipe section respectively, the monitoring optical fibers are spirally wound on a main body of the natural gas pipe section at preset pitches, each section of monitoring optical fiber is wound on the natural gas pipe section in a non-overlapping manner, one optical fiber pulse emitter is connected to one end of each section of auxiliary optical fiber and one end of each monitoring optical fiber, and the other end of each section of auxiliary optical fiber is connected to the corresponding optical fiber sensor; each section of monitoring optical fiber is also provided with a corresponding positioner which is arranged on the natural gas pipe section of the monitoring optical fiber winding area; the optical fiber monitoring module further comprises a signal transceiver, and the signal transceiver is connected with each optical fiber pulse emitter, each optical fiber sensor and each positioner which are included in the optical fiber monitoring module;
the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem comprises at least one group of photoelectric monitoring modules, and each group of photoelectric monitoring modules corresponds to one pipeline valve; the photoelectric monitoring module comprises a laser emitter and a photoelectric sensor which are respectively arranged at two sides of the pipeline valve, and a laser beam emitted by the laser emitter passes through a space where a leakage point of the pipeline valve is easily located and then enters the photoelectric sensor; each group of photoelectric monitoring modules is also provided with a corresponding locator and a signal transceiver, the corresponding locator and the signal transceiver are arranged at the corresponding pipeline valve, and the signal transceiver is connected with the laser transmitter, the photoelectric sensor and the locator which are included by the photoelectric monitoring modules;
The movable optical image detection subsystem includes at least one set of movement detection modules; each group of movement detection modules comprises a movement device, an optical gas camera arranged on the movement device, a positioner and a signal transceiver; the movable device is used for driving the optical gas camera to move, the optical gas camera is used for shooting an infrared image so as to detect a gas leakage point through environmental temperature change, and the signal transceiver is connected with the movable device, the optical gas camera and the positioner which are included in the movable optical image detection subsystem;
the multimode analysis platform is connected with the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and the movable optical image detection subsystem through signal transceivers;
the multimode analysis platform is used for acquiring detection signals of all the optical fiber sensors in the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem and monitoring whether natural gas leakage occurs in a natural gas pipe section or not, the monitoring mode is that the average value of detection signals corresponding to the two ends of the auxiliary optical fibers is subtracted from detection signals corresponding to one section of the monitoring optical fiber in each optical fiber monitoring module to obtain denoised monitoring signals, demodulation is carried out to determine whether a high-frequency vibration sound source exists in a corresponding area of the monitoring optical fiber, and if the high-frequency vibration sound source exists, the natural gas leakage occurs in the corresponding natural gas pipe section;
The multi-mode analysis platform is further used for acquiring detection signals of the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and monitoring whether a natural gas leakage event occurs to a pipeline valve or not, the monitoring mode is that the detection signals corresponding to the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric monitoring modules are demodulated to determine whether gas component changes occur, and if the gas component changes occur, the natural gas leakage event occurs to the corresponding pipeline valve is judged;
the multi-mode analysis platform is further used for acquiring corresponding locator data after judging that a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, enabling any optical gas camera to move to a corresponding area according to the acquired locator data, conducting natural gas leakage event rechecking based on a result shot by the optical gas camera, judging that a false alarm occurs if a gas leakage point is not detected, and determining natural gas leakage and recording the position of the gas leakage point if the gas leakage point is detected.
Optionally, the multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system further comprises a plurality of alarms;
each group of optical fiber monitoring modules, each group of photoelectric monitoring modules and each group of mobile detection modules are respectively provided with at least one alarm;
The multi-mode analysis platform is used for generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding optical fiber monitoring module after judging that the natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding photoelectric monitoring module after judging that the natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding mobile detection module after rechecking to confirm that the natural gas leakage occurs, and generating a cancel alarm instruction and sending the cancel alarm instruction to the alarm in the corresponding optical fiber monitoring module and/or the photoelectric monitoring module after rechecking to judge the false alarm.
Optionally, the multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system further comprises: a display platform;
the display platform is connected with the multi-mode analysis platform and is used for acquiring and displaying corresponding locator data after a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, and acquiring and displaying the locator data corresponding to the mobile detection module and the image shot by the optical gas camera after the natural gas leakage event recheck begins.
Optionally, the mobile device in the mobile detection module is a remote control car, and the optical gas camera is mounted on the top end of the remote control car.
Optionally, the moving device in the movement detection module is a rotary lifting tripod head, and the optical gas camera is arranged on the rotary lifting tripod head.
Optionally, the multi-mode analysis platform is further configured to generate a corresponding setting instruction according to an input instruction, and correspondingly send the setting instruction to the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and/or the movable optical image detection subsystem.
Optionally, in the optical fiber monitoring module, the pulse length range of the pulse laser emitted by the optical fiber pulse emitter is 150 ns-250 ns, and the pulse frequency range is 70 kHz-90 kHz.
Optionally, the auxiliary optical fiber and the monitoring optical fiber are all standard single-mode optical fibers without jackets; the length range of each section of the auxiliary optical fiber is 8-12 m; the preset pitch of each section of the monitoring optical fiber is 2 cm-3 cm, and the winding area is not more than 10m.
Optionally, the multi-mode analysis platform monitors whether a natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, including performing the following steps for each of the optical fiber monitoring modules:
acquiring a section of detection signals corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber and the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends according to the set time window;
Denoising the detection signal corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber by taking the detection signal in the time window as an analysis object to obtain a monitoring signal; the denoising step comprises the step of subtracting the average value of the detection signals corresponding to the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends from the detection signals corresponding to the monitoring optical fibers;
the monitoring signals in the time window are subjected to windowing treatment to realize short-time fast Fourier transform, so that corresponding frequency spectrums are obtained;
judging whether a high-frequency vibration sound source exists or not based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window and the historical average frequency spectrum; if the spectrum corresponding to the current time window has a peak exceeding a preset threshold value relative to the historical average spectrum, judging that the high-frequency vibration sound source exists, otherwise, updating the historical average spectrum based on the spectrum corresponding to the current time window.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for detecting leakage of a multi-mode natural gas, which is implemented by using the multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system according to any one of the above embodiments, including the following steps
Monitoring whether natural gas leakage occurs to each natural gas pipe section and a pipeline valve of the natural gas pipeline or not through the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem and the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem respectively;
If a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, acquiring corresponding locator data;
and according to the acquired locator data, any optical gas camera in the movable optical image detection subsystem is moved to a corresponding area to carry out natural gas leakage event recheck, if no gas leakage point is detected, the false alarm is judged to appear, and if the gas leakage point is detected, the natural gas leakage is determined and the position of the gas leakage point is recorded.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection method, which are used for detecting leakage of a natural gas pipeline by using an optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, a photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, a movable optical image detection subsystem and a multi-mode analysis platform.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber monitoring module and an optoelectronic monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mobile detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1: a natural gas pipe section; 11: an optical fiber pulse emitter; 12: an optical fiber sensor;
2: a pipeline valve; 21: a laser emitter; 22: a photoelectric sensor;
31: a signal transceiver; 32: a positioner; 33: an alarm;
4: a mobile device; 41: an optical gas camera.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As described above, conventional natural gas leak detection methods generally use "sniffer" technology and probes to detect, require intimate contact with the area to be detected, and are less safe when the detector is exposed to an environment that is invisible to the naked eye and is at risk of a potential explosion. Meanwhile, in the area where natural gas leakage is found, the traditional leakage detection and investigation means are difficult to quickly locate specific leakage points, and are common pain points in the industry. In view of the above, the invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method, which fully combines the advantages of high accuracy and high instantaneity of the optical fiber acoustic wave sensing technology, the advantage of high instantaneity of the gas sensing technology on the detection of the valve area, and the advantage of the optical gas camera on the visualization of the target gas leakage, and the interaction complements the defect that the sensing technology cannot be accurately positioned, so that the detection efficiency and accuracy of the natural gas leakage are greatly improved.
Specific implementations of the above concepts are described below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system, which is applied to a natural gas pipeline for transmitting natural gas, and includes: the system comprises an optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, a photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, a movable optical image detection subsystem and a multi-mode analysis platform;
The optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem comprises at least one group of optical fiber monitoring modules; each group of optical fiber monitoring modules corresponds to one section of natural gas pipe section 1 respectively; the optical fiber monitoring module comprises two sections of auxiliary optical fibers, at least one section of monitoring optical fiber, and a corresponding optical fiber pulse emitter 11 and optical fiber sensor 12, wherein the optical fiber pulse emitter 11 and the optical fiber sensor 12 in the optical fiber monitoring module are equal in number and equal to the sum of the auxiliary optical fibers and the monitoring optical fibers; two sections of auxiliary optical fibers are tightly wound at two ends of the natural gas pipe section 1 respectively, the monitoring optical fibers are spirally wound on the main body of the natural gas pipe section 1 at preset pitches, each section of the monitoring optical fibers is wound on the natural gas pipe section 1 in a non-overlapping manner, one optical fiber pulse emitter 11 is connected to one end of each section of the auxiliary optical fibers and one end of each monitoring optical fiber is connected to the corresponding optical fiber sensor 12; each section of monitoring optical fiber is also provided with a corresponding locator 32, the locator 32 is arranged on the natural gas pipe section 1 of the monitoring optical fiber winding area and is used for outputting locator data containing position information, and the position of the corresponding monitoring optical fiber can be determined through the locator 32; the optical fiber monitoring module further comprises a signal transceiver 31, and the signal transceiver 31 is connected with each optical fiber pulse emitter 11, each optical fiber sensor 12 and each positioner 32 included in the optical fiber monitoring module and is used for receiving and transmitting signals, namely transmitting data;
The photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem comprises at least one group of photoelectric monitoring modules; each group of photoelectric monitoring modules corresponds to one pipeline valve 2; the photoelectric monitoring module comprises a laser emitter 21 and a photoelectric sensor 22 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the pipeline valve 2, and a laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 21 passes through a space where a leakage point of the pipeline valve 2 is easily located and then enters the photoelectric sensor 22; each group of photoelectric monitoring modules is also provided with a corresponding positioner 32 and a signal transceiver 31, the corresponding positioner 32 and the signal transceiver 31 are arranged at the corresponding pipeline valve 2, the positioner 32 is used for outputting positioner data containing position information, the position of the corresponding photoelectric monitoring module can be determined through the positioner 32, and the signal transceiver 31 is connected with the laser transmitter 21, the photoelectric sensor 22 and the positioner 32 which are included in the photoelectric monitoring module and is used for transmitting data;
the movable optical image detection subsystem includes at least one set of movement detection modules; each group of movement detection modules comprises a movement device 4, an optical gas camera 41 arranged on the movement device 4, a positioner 32 and a signal transceiver 31; the moving device 4 is configured to drive the optical gas camera 41 to move, the optical gas camera 41 is configured to capture an infrared image to detect a gas leakage point through an environmental temperature change, the positioner 32 is configured to output positioner data including position information, and the position of a corresponding movement detection module can be determined by the positioner 32, and the signal transceiver 31 is connected to the moving device 4, the optical gas camera 41 and the positioner 32 included in the movable optical image detection subsystem;
The multimode analysis platform is connected with the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and the movable optical image detection subsystem through signal transceivers;
the multimode analysis platform is used for acquiring detection signals of all the optical fiber sensors in the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem and monitoring whether natural gas leakage events occur in a natural gas pipe section or not, and the monitoring mode is as follows: subtracting the average value of the optical fiber sensor detection signals corresponding to the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends from the optical fiber sensor detection signal corresponding to one section of the monitoring optical fiber in each optical fiber monitoring module to obtain a denoised monitoring signal, and demodulating the denoised monitoring signal to determine whether a high-frequency vibration sound source exists in a natural gas pipe section in a region corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber, and judging that a natural gas leakage event occurs in the corresponding natural gas pipe section if the high-frequency vibration sound source exists;
the multi-mode analysis platform is also used for acquiring detection signals of all the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and monitoring whether a pipeline valve has a natural gas leakage event or not, and the monitoring mode is as follows: demodulating detection signals corresponding to the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric monitoring modules to determine whether the corresponding pipeline valves have gas component changes, and judging that natural gas leakage events occur at the corresponding pipeline valves if the gas component changes;
The multi-mode analysis platform is further used for acquiring corresponding locator data after judging that a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, enabling any optical gas camera to move to a corresponding area according to the acquired locator data, conducting natural gas leakage event rechecking based on the result shot by the optical gas camera, judging that a false alarm occurs if no gas leakage point is detected at the corresponding area (namely the corresponding natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve), and determining natural gas leakage and recording the position of the gas leakage point if the gas leakage point is detected.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system. In this system, the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem may include a plurality of optical fiber monitoring modules, where each optical fiber monitoring module is configured to monitor a different section of the natural gas pipe section, as shown in fig. 1 (for convenience of illustration, the auxiliary optical fiber and the monitoring optical fiber are not distinguished in fig. 1). If the natural gas pipe section is not long, two sections of auxiliary optical fibers and one section of monitoring optical fiber can be adopted to wind the natural gas pipe section; if the natural gas pipe section is longer, a plurality of sections of monitoring optical fibers can be additionally arranged for monitoring each region of the natural gas pipe section. For the auxiliary optical fiber and the monitoring optical fiber, the optical fiber pulse transmitter is used for transmitting pulses from the head of the optical fiber, the optical fiber sensor is used for receiving pulse signals from the tail of the optical fiber to obtain detection signals, namely, ripple pulses are continuously transmitted to the auxiliary optical fiber and the monitoring optical fiber through the optical fiber pulse transmitter respectively, the corresponding optical fiber sensor is used for receiving the transmitted pulse ripples, the detection signals are obtained through sampling, and the detection signals corresponding to the optical fibers are transmitted to the multi-mode analysis platform through the signal transceiver. Monitoring the spiral winding of the optical fiber increases the fiber-to-pipe coverage ratio r=lf/Lp, where Lf is the length of the optical fiber used to cover a length Lp of natural gas pipe segment, as compared to straight fiber applications along the pipe, helping to improve the measurement sensitivity and spatial resolution of potentially weak signals. Considering that the arrangement of a single length of monitoring fiber on an excessively long natural gas pipe section may lead to a specific location where it may be difficult to locate a leak event, the fiber monitoring module may employ multiple lengths of monitoring fiber that are wound without overlapping to monitor different areas of the pipe section, respectively. Also, because the natural gas pipe is formed by connecting multiple segments of natural gas pipe, the presence of connection points (e.g., pipe flanges) makes continuous fiber applications impractical, and there is always a short free hanging fiber section between the natural gas pipe segments, which is prone to spurious signals. In order to reduce false alarms and avoid the situation of vibration of the pipe section and the like from interfering with monitoring results, the invention applies the tightly wound auxiliary optical fiber at the positions of the two ends of the pipe section close to the flanges for detecting the noise of the natural gas pipe section, and can improve the accuracy and the reliability of the optical fiber monitoring module by removing the noise. The invention monitors whether the natural gas pipe section leaks or not by utilizing the acoustic wave change of the bearing device during gas leakage, and generally when a leakage event of the natural gas pipe occurs, the flow of leakage objects at a leakage port can generate a high-frequency sound signal which can be detected. The optical fiber acoustic wave sensing technology utilizes the characteristic that signals transmitted by light in an optical fiber are sensitive to acoustic wave vibration characteristics to realize the vibration detection of the acoustic wave of the leakage point, and is efficient and accurate.
The photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem of the invention can comprise a plurality of groups of photoelectric monitoring modules, each photoelectric monitoring module is respectively arranged at each pipeline valve in the natural gas pipeline, laser beams emitted by the laser emitters are emitted from one side of the pipeline valve, pass through the space where the pipeline valve is easy to leak, enter photoelectric sensors at the other side of the pipeline valve, and detection signals corresponding to each photoelectric sensor are transmitted to the multi-modal analysis platform through the signal transceiver. The invention monitors whether the pipeline valve leaks or not by utilizing the physical property change of the gas, and when the light passes through the target gas (namely the natural gas) in the propagation process, the parameters such as the intensity, the phase, the polarization state, the frequency and the like of the light can be changed, and whether the pipeline valve area leaks or not can be judged by comparing the parameter change in the leakage state with the parameter change in the normal non-leakage state. The pipeline valve is used as an easy leakage point, the real-time monitoring cannot be carried out in a fiber winding mode, and the photoelectric monitoring module can monitor the pipeline valve area, so that the manpower is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
In consideration of the fact that whether natural gas leakage occurs in a natural gas pipeline or not can be monitored in real time and rapidly through the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem and the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, false alarm (namely false alarm) possibly occurs due to high sensitivity, and natural gas leakage is accurately detected.
The multi-mode analysis platform transmits data through each signal transceiver, the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and the movable optical image detection subsystem, and each optical fiber monitoring module, the photoelectric monitoring module and the movable detection module are in wireless connection with the multi-mode analysis platform, so that wiring can be reduced, and the movable detection module is small in movement limitation and flexible.
The multi-mode analysis platform acquires and demodulates detection signals of all optical fiber sensors in the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem, and the detection signals depend on high-frequency acoustic wave signals: the pulse laser is sampled and received by the optical fiber sensor after being transmitted by the optical fiber, the detection signal is denoised, and then Fourier transformation is carried out, if the spectrum data has peak abnormality (high-frequency acoustic interference occurs), the leakage of the natural gas pipeline area can be determined.
The multi-mode analysis platform acquires and demodulates detection signals of all photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, and the detection signals depend on gas component changes: the light emitted by the laser emitter interacts with the gas to be measured, the information of the light changes, the light with the measured information is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric sensor, and the concentration data of the gas to be measured is obtained by detecting the light information. Different gases have different absorption lines in an infrared light region, the incident spectral range comprises the absorption lines of the measured gas, the light intensity of the emitted light is attenuated when passing through the measured gas, the intensity change of the emitted light follows the Beer-Lambert law, and the output light intensity I and the input light intensity I 0 And gas concentration betweenIs related to i=i 0 exp (- αlc), where α is the absorption coefficient, C is the gas concentration, and L is the length of light passing through the gas. The beer-lambert law reflects the intensity change relationship of light before and after passing through the gas to be measured. The expression form of the concentration of the gas to be measured can be obtained by converting the form of the theorem: c=ln (I/I 0 ) (alpha L). By using the formula, the concentration of the leaked natural gas in the air of the area penetrated by the laser can be obtained by carrying out least square fitting on the measured spectrum of the leaked natural gas through the standard second harmonic spectrum of the natural gas with known concentration.
The multi-mode analysis platform obtains the result of the shooting of the optical gas camera and carries out natural gas leakage incident recheck, the gas radiates infrared energy outwards from the leakage point and affects the surrounding background environment, and when the optical gas camera is used for shooting in a large area, the abnormal heat radiation position can be found through pictures or videos, and the found abnormal heat condition (such as being hotter or colder than the background environment) can be found. The optical gas camera can display the position and the diffusion direction of gas leakage in real time. The multi-mode analysis platform preferably uses an image detection model (such as yolov 5) based on a neural network to detect the shooting result (namely a shot picture or video) of the optical gas camera, so that the position of a smoke leakage point in an image can be automatically detected, and the manual scanning workload is reduced in real time and rapidly.
Optionally, the multi-modal natural gas leak detection system further includes a plurality of alarms 33;
each group of optical fiber monitoring modules, each group of photoelectric monitoring modules and each group of movement detection modules are respectively provided with at least one alarm 33;
the multi-mode analysis platform is used for generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding optical fiber monitoring module after judging that the natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding photoelectric monitoring module after judging that the natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding mobile detection module after rechecking to confirm that the natural gas leakage occurs, and generating a cancel alarm instruction and sending the cancel alarm instruction to the alarm in the corresponding optical fiber monitoring module and/or the photoelectric monitoring module after rechecking to judge the false alarm.
The above embodiment adopts a plurality of alarms to send out alarm signals after suspected or determined natural gas leakage is detected, surrounding staff can be warned, corresponding areas of the staff are warned that danger possibly exists, and the staff can also go to a leakage point in time for maintenance according to the warning, so that the danger is eliminated rapidly.
Optionally, the multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system further comprises a display platform;
the display platform is connected with the multi-mode analysis platform and is used for acquiring and displaying corresponding locator data after a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, and acquiring and displaying the locator data corresponding to the mobile detection module and the image shot by the optical gas camera after the natural gas leakage event recheck begins.
Further, the display platform can also display the locator data of each group of mobile detection modules in real time so as to monitor the real-time position of each mobile detection module and allocate the closest mobile detection module when required.
Further, the display platform is also used for acquiring and displaying alarm instructions.
Through the display platform, the staff can monitor the safe condition of whole natural gas line directly perceivedly. The display platform preferably displays the information on the basis of a natural gas pipeline panorama so that a worker can quickly determine the occurrence position of a natural gas leakage event by using the display platform and timely determine the specific gas leakage point.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the moving device in the movement detection module is a remote control vehicle, and the optical gas camera is mounted on the top end of the remote control vehicle and can move along with the remote control vehicle.
The embodiment adopts the remote control car to realize the position movement of the optical gas camera, the vehicle-mounted optical gas camera is convenient to move and high in flexibility, and natural gas leakage incident rechecks can be carried out on different areas.
Optionally, the moving device in the movement detection module is a rotatable lifting tripod head, and the optical gas camera is arranged on the rotatable lifting tripod head and can rotate along with the rotatable lifting tripod head.
According to the embodiment, the rotary lifting cradle head is used for moving the shooting position of the optical gas camera, the rotary lifting cradle head is fast in moving speed, and rechecking can be performed on the region suspected of the natural gas leakage event.
Optionally, the multi-mode analysis platform is further configured to generate a corresponding setting instruction according to an input instruction, and correspondingly send the setting instruction to the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and/or the movable optical image detection subsystem.
Further, the multi-mode analysis platform is used for setting working parameters of the optical fiber pulse emitter and the optical fiber sensor in each optical fiber monitoring module, wherein the working parameters comprise the frequency, the wavelength and the amplitude of the emitted pulse of the optical fiber pulse emitter, the sampling frequency and the space window of the optical fiber sensor; the multi-mode analysis platform is used for setting working parameters of the laser transmitters and the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric monitoring modules, including the wavelength, the amplitude and the intensity of laser transmitted by the laser transmitters, and the sampling frequency and the space window of the photoelectric sensors; the multi-mode analysis platform is used for setting working parameters of each mobile detection module, including a moving route, a moving speed and the like of the mobile device, and image resolution, focal length, minimum detection level of target gas and the like of the optical gas camera. The multi-mode analysis platform is also used for setting working parameters of the signal transceiver, including a signal receiving source, a signal sending source, a signal encoding and decoding mode, a signal transmission bit rate and the like.
The multimode analysis platform is utilized for setting, so that unified management of the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and the movable optical image detection subsystem can be realized, and the workload of manual setting of staff is reduced.
Optionally, the locator is a GPS locator, and the locator data is GPS locating information of a location where the locator is located.
The GPS localizer has the advantages of high precision and strong anti-interference capability.
Optionally, in the optical fiber monitoring module, the pulse length range of the pulse laser emitted by the optical fiber pulse emitter is 150 ns-250 ns, preferably 200ns, and the pulse frequency range is 70 kHz-90 kHz, preferably 80kHz.
The relatively large pulse length helps to increase the sensitivity of the system to potentially weak leakage-inducing signals. A pulse length of 200ns corresponds to a spatial resolution of about 20m in the fiber, for a natural gas pipeline of about 1m diameter, a 200ns pulse in the fiber for spiral winding application corresponds to a measured spatial resolution of about 6m length, and for a 3.6m diameter of the maximum gauge of the natural gas pipeline, a 200ns pulse in the fiber for spiral winding application corresponds to a measured spatial resolution of about 1.6m length. After the laser passes through a section of optical fiber, the spectral information of the section of laser is changed, the pulse frequency determines the maximum frequency of the detectable vibration signal according to the nyquist theorem, and the relationship between the pulse frequency fp and the maximum detection distance is l=c/(2 n) eff * fp) ≡1292m, c is the speed of light in vacuum 299792458m/s, n eff The effective refractive index of the single-mode optical fiber is 1.45, and the pulse frequency of 80kHz approximately corresponds to the maximum detection distance of 1.29 km, so that the requirement of practical application (about 20 m) is met.
Further, in the optical fiber monitoring module, the auxiliary optical fiber and the monitoring optical fiber are both standard single mode optical fibers without jackets; the length of each section of the auxiliary optical fiber ranges from 8m to 12m, preferably 10m; the preset pitch of each section of the monitoring optical fiber is 2 cm-3 cm, preferably 2.5cm, and the winding area is not more than 10m, preferably 5 m-6 m.
The standard single-mode fiber has the advantages of low cost and stable performance. The 10m auxiliary optical fiber which is closely wound is applied to the positions, close to the flanges, of the two ends of the pipe section, so that the interference of weak signals caused by pipeline noise on monitoring signals can be effectively reduced. Too small a pitch of monitoring fiber winding may cause increased false alarm events, and too large a pitch may reduce the resolution of monitoring. The monitoring optical fibers arranged in a segmented mode are beneficial to improving the positioning accuracy of leakage events, and false alarm events are easy to occur to overlong optical fibers.
Optionally, the multi-mode analysis platform monitors whether a natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, including performing the following steps for each of the optical fiber monitoring modules:
Acquiring a section of detection signals corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber and the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends according to the set time window;
denoising the detection signal corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber by taking the detection signal in the time window as an analysis object to obtain a monitoring signal; the denoising step comprises the step of subtracting the average value of the detection signals corresponding to the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends from the detection signals corresponding to the monitoring optical fibers;
the monitoring signals in the time window are subjected to windowing treatment to realize short-time fast Fourier transform, so that corresponding frequency spectrums are obtained;
judging whether a high-frequency vibration sound source exists or not based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window and the historical average frequency spectrum; if the spectrum corresponding to the current time window has a peak exceeding a preset threshold value relative to the historical average spectrum, judging that the high-frequency vibration sound source exists, otherwise, updating the historical average spectrum based on the spectrum corresponding to the current time window.
According to the embodiment, whether the high-frequency vibration sound source exists or not is judged based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window and the historical average frequency spectrum, the historical average frequency spectrum is relative to a normal value serving as a reference, the historical average frequency spectrum is an average result obtained according to the frequency spectrum in a past period, if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window has a peak exceeding a preset threshold value relative to the historical average frequency spectrum, the high-frequency vibration sound source is judged to exist, the natural gas pipe section corresponding to the high-frequency vibration sound source is considered to have a natural gas leakage event, and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window does not have a peak exceeding the preset threshold value relative to the historical average frequency spectrum, the historical average frequency spectrum is updated based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window so as to facilitate subsequent detection.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a method for detecting multi-mode natural gas leakage, which is implemented by using the multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system according to any one of the embodiments, and includes the following steps:
monitoring whether natural gas leakage occurs to each natural gas pipe section and a pipeline valve of the natural gas pipeline or not through the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem and the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem respectively;
if a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, acquiring corresponding locator data;
and according to the acquired locator data, any optical gas camera in the movable optical image detection subsystem is moved to a corresponding area to carry out natural gas leakage event recheck, if no gas leakage point is detected, the false alarm is judged to appear, and if the gas leakage point is detected, the natural gas leakage is determined and the position of the gas leakage point is recorded.
In summary, the invention provides a multi-mode natural gas leakage detection system and method, which utilize the acoustic wave change of a bearing device to monitor whether leakage occurs in a natural gas pipe section when gas leaks, utilize the physical property change of the gas to monitor whether leakage occurs in a pipeline valve, realize real-time monitoring of the whole natural gas pipeline, replace manual inspection and other works, acquire corresponding position information after monitoring the natural gas leakage event of any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, then enable an optical gas camera to move to a corresponding area for re-inspection of the natural gas leakage event, avoid false alarms caused by an optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem and a photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, quickly realize accurate positioning of leakage points, solve the problems of low intelligent degree, low detection efficiency and complex operation of the traditional manual inspection mode, and realize automatic, real-time, efficient and accurate detection of the natural gas leakage.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program, when executed, performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media in which program code may be stored, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-modal natural gas leak detection system, for use with a natural gas pipeline, comprising: the system comprises an optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, a photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem, a movable optical image detection subsystem and a multi-mode analysis platform; wherein,,
the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem comprises at least one group of optical fiber monitoring modules, and each group of optical fiber monitoring modules corresponds to one section of natural gas pipe respectively; the optical fiber monitoring module comprises two sections of auxiliary optical fibers, at least one section of monitoring optical fiber, an optical fiber pulse emitter and an optical fiber sensor, wherein the two sections of auxiliary optical fibers are tightly wound at two ends of a natural gas pipe section respectively, the monitoring optical fibers are spirally wound on a main body of the natural gas pipe section at preset pitches, each section of monitoring optical fiber is wound on the natural gas pipe section in a non-overlapping manner, one optical fiber pulse emitter is connected to one end of each section of auxiliary optical fiber and one end of each monitoring optical fiber, and the other end of each section of auxiliary optical fiber is connected to the corresponding optical fiber sensor; each section of monitoring optical fiber is also provided with a corresponding positioner which is arranged on the natural gas pipe section of the monitoring optical fiber winding area; the optical fiber monitoring module further comprises a signal transceiver, and the signal transceiver is connected with each optical fiber pulse emitter, each optical fiber sensor and each positioner which are included in the optical fiber monitoring module;
The photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem comprises at least one group of photoelectric monitoring modules, and each group of photoelectric monitoring modules corresponds to one pipeline valve; the photoelectric monitoring module comprises a laser emitter and a photoelectric sensor which are respectively arranged at two sides of the pipeline valve, and a laser beam emitted by the laser emitter passes through a space where a leakage point of the pipeline valve is easily located and then enters the photoelectric sensor; each group of photoelectric monitoring modules is also provided with a corresponding locator and a signal transceiver, the corresponding locator and the signal transceiver are arranged at the corresponding pipeline valve, and the signal transceiver is connected with the laser transmitter, the photoelectric sensor and the locator which are included by the photoelectric monitoring modules;
the movable optical image detection subsystem includes at least one set of movement detection modules; each group of movement detection modules comprises a movement device, an optical gas camera arranged on the movement device, a positioner and a signal transceiver; the movable device is used for driving the optical gas camera to move, the optical gas camera is used for shooting an infrared image so as to detect a gas leakage point through environmental temperature change, and the signal transceiver is connected with the movable device, the optical gas camera and the positioner which are included in the movable optical image detection subsystem;
The multimode analysis platform is connected with the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and the movable optical image detection subsystem through signal transceivers;
the multimode analysis platform is used for acquiring detection signals of all the optical fiber sensors in the optical fiber acoustic wave monitoring subsystem and monitoring whether natural gas leakage occurs in a natural gas pipe section or not, the monitoring mode is that the average value of detection signals corresponding to the two ends of the auxiliary optical fibers is subtracted from detection signals corresponding to one section of the monitoring optical fiber in each optical fiber monitoring module to obtain denoised monitoring signals, demodulation is carried out to determine whether a high-frequency vibration sound source exists in a corresponding area of the monitoring optical fiber, and if the high-frequency vibration sound source exists, the natural gas leakage occurs in the corresponding natural gas pipe section;
the multi-mode analysis platform is further used for acquiring detection signals of the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and monitoring whether a natural gas leakage event occurs to a pipeline valve or not, the monitoring mode is that the detection signals corresponding to the photoelectric sensors in the photoelectric monitoring modules are demodulated to determine whether gas component changes occur, and if the gas component changes occur, the natural gas leakage event occurs to the corresponding pipeline valve is judged;
The multi-mode analysis platform is further used for acquiring corresponding locator data after judging that a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, enabling any optical gas camera to move to a corresponding area according to the acquired locator data, conducting natural gas leakage event rechecking based on a result shot by the optical gas camera, judging that a false alarm occurs if a gas leakage point is not detected, and determining natural gas leakage and recording the position of the gas leakage point if the gas leakage point is detected.
2. The multi-modal natural gas leak detection system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of alarms;
each group of optical fiber monitoring modules, each group of photoelectric monitoring modules and each group of mobile detection modules are respectively provided with at least one alarm;
the multi-mode analysis platform is used for generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding optical fiber monitoring module after judging that the natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding photoelectric monitoring module after judging that the natural gas pipe section has a natural gas leakage event, generating an alarm instruction and sending the alarm instruction to an alarm in the corresponding mobile detection module after rechecking to confirm that the natural gas leakage occurs, and generating a cancel alarm instruction and sending the cancel alarm instruction to the alarm in the corresponding optical fiber monitoring module and/or the photoelectric monitoring module after rechecking to judge the false alarm.
3. The multi-modal natural gas leak detection system of claim 1, further comprising: a display platform;
the display platform is connected with the multi-mode analysis platform and is used for acquiring and displaying corresponding locator data after a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, and acquiring and displaying the locator data corresponding to the mobile detection module and the image shot by the optical gas camera after the natural gas leakage event recheck begins.
4. The multi-modal natural gas leak detection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
the mobile device in the mobile detection module is a remote control car, and the optical gas camera is mounted at the top end of the remote control car.
5. The multi-modal natural gas leak detection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
the moving device in the movement detection module is a rotary lifting cradle head, and the optical gas camera is arranged on the rotary lifting cradle head.
6. The multi-modal natural gas leak detection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
the multi-mode analysis platform is also used for generating corresponding setting instructions according to the input instructions and correspondingly sending the setting instructions to the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem, the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem and/or the movable optical image detection subsystem.
7. The multi-mode natural gas leakage detecting system according to claim 1, wherein in the optical fiber monitoring module, the pulse length range of the pulse laser emitted by the optical fiber pulse emitter is 150 ns-250 ns, and the pulse frequency range is 70 kHz-90 kHz.
8. The multi-mode natural gas leak detection system of claim 7, wherein the auxiliary optical fiber and the monitoring optical fiber are both standard single mode fiber without a sheath; the length range of each section of the auxiliary optical fiber is 8-12 m; the preset pitch of each section of the monitoring optical fiber is 2 cm-3 cm, and the winding area is not more than 10m.
9. The multi-modal natural gas leak detection system as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
the multi-mode analysis platform monitors whether natural gas leakage events occur in the natural gas pipe section or not, and comprises the following steps of:
acquiring a section of detection signals corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber and the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends according to the set time window;
denoising the detection signal corresponding to the monitoring optical fiber by taking the detection signal in the time window as an analysis object to obtain a monitoring signal; the denoising step comprises the step of subtracting the average value of the detection signals corresponding to the auxiliary optical fibers at the two ends from the detection signals corresponding to the monitoring optical fibers;
The monitoring signals in the time window are subjected to windowing treatment to realize short-time fast Fourier transform, so that corresponding frequency spectrums are obtained;
judging whether a high-frequency vibration sound source exists or not based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the current time window and the historical average frequency spectrum; if the spectrum corresponding to the current time window has a peak exceeding a preset threshold value relative to the historical average spectrum, judging that the high-frequency vibration sound source exists, otherwise, updating the historical average spectrum based on the spectrum corresponding to the current time window.
10. A multi-modal natural gas leak detection method, characterized in that it is implemented by using the multi-modal natural gas leak detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
monitoring whether natural gas leakage occurs to each natural gas pipe section and a pipeline valve of the natural gas pipeline or not through the optical fiber sound wave monitoring subsystem and the photoelectric signal monitoring subsystem respectively;
if a natural gas leakage event occurs at any natural gas pipe section or pipeline valve, acquiring corresponding locator data;
and according to the acquired locator data, any optical gas camera in the movable optical image detection subsystem is moved to a corresponding area to carry out natural gas leakage event recheck, if no gas leakage point is detected, the false alarm is judged to appear, and if the gas leakage point is detected, the natural gas leakage is determined and the position of the gas leakage point is recorded.
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