CN112782118B - Multichannel methane leakage optical telemetry device and measurement method - Google Patents
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000926 atmospheric chemistry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
- G01N2021/392—Measuring reradiation, e.g. fluorescence, backscatter
- G01N2021/393—Measuring reradiation, e.g. fluorescence, backscatter and using a spectral variation of the interaction of the laser beam and the sample
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Abstract
The invention provides a multichannel methane leakage optical telemetry device, which comprises a scanning platform, an optical lead-in unit, an infrared spectrum acquisition system, a data transmission line, a Fabry interferometer, an infrared detector and a computer, wherein the optical lead-in unit is arranged on the scanning platform; the scanning platform is provided with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor, and is used for adjusting the elevation angle and the azimuth angle according to targets with different directions and different heights; the optical guiding-in unit is used for synchronously acquiring visible light images, infrared spectrums and thermal imaging; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is used for receiving the infrared spectrum data information in the optical leading-in unit and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry interferometer; the Fabry interferometer images the received infrared spectrum data information on the infrared detector, and the infrared spectrum data information is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and then is subjected to spectrum processing by a computer. The invention also provides a measuring method of the multichannel methane leakage optical telemetry device. The invention can rapidly, flexibly and non-contact acquire the space distribution information of methane leakage concentration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical remote sensing measurement, in particular to a multichannel methane leakage optical remote sensing device and a measuring method.
Background
Methane is a flammable gas that burns and even explodes when exposed to an open flame. Meanwhile, incomplete combustion of methane may generate carbon monoxide, and after the human body inhales the carbon monoxide, the human body is extremely prone to poisoning coma and more seriously, poisoning death can also occur. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify methane leakage and leakage positions is important, and quickly and accurately obtaining leakage of a gas conveying pipeline is more challenging to detection technology.
Currently, methods for measuring methane leakage are mainly: "thermocatalytic combustion method", "thermal conductive element method" and "infrared measurement method". Among these, the supported catalytic element in the "thermo-catalytic combustion method" has a fatal defect: only methane gas with the concentration of below 4% can be detected; when the gas concentration in the air exceeds 5%, the element is "activated" and permanently damaged. The sensor in the thermal conduction element method has great limitation on low concentration measurement, and methane with the concentration lower than 5% cannot be measured; if it is used for leakage alarm, a large error will be caused. As for the infrared measurement method, taking an infrared biogas analysis method as an example, the infrared biogas analysis method adopts a physical principle, and analysis gas does not react with a sensor, so that the service life is long and can reach more than 10 years; the sensor can be used for not only low-concentration alarm of biogas leakage, but also high-concentration biogas component measurement. But this method requires sample analysis and lacks efficient measurement and localization means for outdoor pipe leaks, especially for long-distance, large-range transmission pipes.
Accordingly, there is a need for a rapid, flexible, non-contact optical telemetry device for methane leakage and a measurement method thereof, which can obtain spatial distribution information of methane leakage concentration.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multichannel methane leakage optical telemetry device and a measuring method capable of rapidly, flexibly and non-contact obtaining the space distribution information of methane leakage concentration.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device comprises a scanning platform, an optical lead-in unit, an infrared spectrum acquisition system, a data transmission line, a Fabry interferometer, an infrared detector and a computer; the scanning platform is a rotating platform provided with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor and is used for adjusting the elevation angle and the azimuth angle according to targets in different directions and different heights; the optical guiding-in unit is arranged on the scanning platform and is used for synchronously acquiring visible light images, infrared spectrums and thermal imaging; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged on the scanning platform and is used for receiving infrared spectrum data information in the optical leading-in unit and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry-Perot interferometer through a data transmission line; the Fabry interferometer images the received infrared spectrum data information on an infrared detector, and performs spectrum processing by a computer after analog-to-digital conversion; in addition, the visible light image and thermal imaging data information in the optical introducing unit are also directly transmitted to a computer for processing through a data transmission line.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the optical guiding-in unit is of three-channel coaxial integrated design and comprises an infrared spectrum lens, a visible light lens and a thermal infrared imager lens; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged at the tail end of the infrared spectrum lens, and an infrared filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared optical fiber are sequentially arranged along the light path of the infrared spectrum acquisition system.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, the infrared optical fiber is wrapped in the data transmission line and is used for transmitting infrared spectrum data information to the fabry interferometer; in addition, two bundles of data lines, namely a first data line and a second data line, are wrapped in the data transmission line; the first data line is used for connecting the visible light lens and the computer and transmitting visible light image information to the computer; the second data line is used for connecting the thermal infrared imager lens with the computer and transmitting thermal imaging information to the computer.
As one preferable mode of the invention, the infrared filter, the collimating lens and the focusing lens are all made of quartz materials, and the infrared filter is specifically a 3.1-4 mu m infrared filter.
As one of preferable modes of the present invention, the sealed incubator is further included; the Fabry interferometer, the infrared detector and the computer are all arranged in the sealed incubator.
As one of the preferable modes of the present invention, the fabry-perot interferometer is a high-precision tunable fabry-perot interferometer, and the control precision is: + -0.5 nm/g, full width half maximum: 55-70nm, spectral range: 3.1-4.4um.
As one preferable mode of the invention, the scanning platform is a high-precision scanning platform, the horizontal scanning angle is in the range of-180 degrees to 180 degrees, the vertical scanning range is 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and the scanning precision is 0.05 degrees.
When the optical introducing unit is used, an infrared spectrum channel of the optical introducing unit acquires an infrared radiation spectrum of a target area in real time, and a receiving signal is modulated and selected through a Fabry-Perot interferometer to obtain absorption information of methane, so that a methane concentration value is calculated; the thermal infrared imager channel of the optical leading-in unit obtains temperature information of a target area in real time; the visible light channel of the optical guiding-in unit is used for collecting visible image information in real time; and the computer matches the obtained concentration, temperature and image information with the platform scanning angle information, so that the spatial distribution information of methane leakage in the target area is obtained.
As one of the preferable modes of the invention, a corresponding software system is configured in the computer, and the software system can output the spatial distribution result and the position information of the concentration field in real time and return the spatial distribution result and the position information to the background control center in real time.
A method of making measurements using the multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device described above, comprising the steps of:
s1, aligning an optical guiding-in unit with a target, and adjusting a measuring range of a system through a visible light lens; after the optical guiding-in unit determines the measuring range, scanning and measuring are carried out according to the measuring requirement and the target characteristic, the measuring spectrum of the reference point and the target area is recorded, and the measuring spectrum is processed by a computer;
s2, acquiring an atmospheric infrared spectrum passing through a target area through an infrared spectrum lens, and combining a reference spectrum measured outside the target area to obtain concentration information of the target area by using a partial least square fitting method;
and S3, acquiring image information of a target area by using a visible light lens and acquiring temperature information by using a thermal infrared imager lens, and then performing spatial matching on the concentration and the image of the target area, so as to generate a spatial distribution image of the concentration of methane, thereby realizing identification and positioning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The device has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost, and can carry out fixed-point telemetry on the target, and can carry on a vehicle-mounted unmanned plane platform for mobile telemetry; (2) The invention integrates the functions of visual image acquisition, infrared spectrum acquisition and infrared thermal imaging, acquires the information of pollutant concentration, spatial distribution of temperature and the like under the condition of ensuring the synchronous visual field, can be applied to emergency monitoring of methane leakage and remote measurement evaluation research on emission sources, provides technology and data support for pollution event treatment and pollution level evaluation by environmental protection departments, can also be used for atmospheric chemistry research, and provides input parameters for an atmospheric chemistry model; (3) The optical leading-in unit in the structure is matched with a high-precision scanning platform for use, so that multi-angle and azimuth scanning can be realized, and more comprehensive and effective data information can be conveniently obtained; (4) The high-precision tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer in the structure is a key structure of the invention, and based on the matching of the structure and the group price of surrounding systems, the invention can rapidly obtain the high-resolution infrared spectrum information of a target area, thereby rapidly analyzing the spatial distribution of methane concentration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of example 1.
In the figure: 1 is a scanning platform, 2 is an optical lead-in unit, 21 is an infrared spectrum lens, 22 is a visible light lens, 23 is a thermal infrared imager lens, 3 is a data transmission line, 4 is a Fabry interferometer, 5 is a computer, and 6 is a sealed incubator.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the examples of the present invention, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the optical telemetry device for multi-channel methane leakage in this embodiment includes a scanning platform 1, an optical introduction unit 2, an infrared spectrum acquisition system (not shown), a data transmission line 3, a fabry interferometer 4, an infrared detector (not shown), and a computer 5. The scanning platform 1 is a rotating platform configured with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor, and is used for adjusting an elevation angle and an azimuth angle according to targets with different directions and different heights. The optical introducing unit 2 is arranged on the scanning platform 1, adopts a three-channel coaxial integrated design, and comprises an infrared spectrum lens 21, a visible light lens 22 and a thermal infrared imager lens 23, and is used for synchronously acquiring infrared spectrums, visible light images and thermal imaging. The infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged on the scanning platform 1 and is used for receiving the infrared spectrum data information acquired by the infrared spectrum lens 21 in the optical introducing unit 2 and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry interferometer 4 through the data transmission line 3. The fabry-perot interferometer 4 images the received infrared spectrum data information on the infrared detector and performs spectrum processing by the computer 5 after analog-to-digital conversion. In addition, the visible light image and the thermal imaging data information in the optical introducing unit 2 are also directly transmitted to the computer 5 for processing through the data transmission line 3.
When the device is used, an infrared spectrum channel of the optical introducing unit 2 collects an infrared radiation spectrum of a target area in real time, a received signal is modulated and selected through the Fabry-Perot interferometer 4, absorption information of methane is obtained, and then a methane concentration value is calculated; the thermal infrared imager channel obtains temperature information of a target area in real time; the visible light channel acquires visible image information in real time; finally, the computer 5 matches the obtained concentration, temperature and image information with the platform scanning angle information, so as to obtain the spatial distribution information of methane leakage in the target area.
Specifically, the infrared spectrum acquisition system is disposed at the end of the infrared spectrum lens 21, and an infrared filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared fiber are sequentially disposed along the optical path thereof. Wherein, the infrared filter, the collimating lens and the focusing lens are all made of quartz materials, and the infrared filter is specifically a 3.1-4 mu m infrared filter.
Specifically, the infrared optical fiber is wrapped in the data transmission line 3 and is used for transmitting infrared spectrum data information to the fabry interferometer 4. In addition, two bundles of data lines, namely a first data line and a second data line, are wrapped in the data transmission line 3; the first data line is used for connecting the visible light lens 22 and the computer 5 and transmitting visible light image information to the computer 5; the second data line is used for connecting the thermal infrared imager lens 23 and the computer 5, and is used for transmitting thermal imaging information to the computer 5.
Specifically, in order to improve the measurement accuracy in the present apparatus, the fabry-perot interferometer 4 of the present invention is a high-accuracy tunable fabry-perot interferometer, and the control accuracy is: + -0.5 nm/g, full width half maximum: 55-70nm, spectral range: 3.1-4.4um. The scanning platform 1 is a high-precision scanning platform, the horizontal scanning angle is in the range of-180 degrees to 180 degrees, the vertical scanning range is 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and the scanning precision is 0.05 degrees.
Specifically, the computer 5 of the device is also provided with a corresponding software system, and the software system can output the spatial distribution result and the position information of the concentration field in real time and return the spatial distribution result and the position information to the background control center in real time.
In addition, for the convenience of protecting the whole device, the device also comprises a sealed incubator 6; the Fabry interferometer 4, the infrared detector and the computer 5 are all arranged in the sealed incubator 6.
Example 2
The method for measuring the multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device in the embodiment 1 of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, aligning an optical introducing unit 2 with a target, and adjusting a system measurement range through a visible light lens 22; after the optical introducing unit 2 determines the measuring range, scanning and measuring are carried out according to the measuring requirement and the target characteristics, measuring spectrums of the reference point and the target area are recorded, and the measuring spectrums are processed by the computer 5;
s2, acquiring an atmospheric infrared spectrum passing through a target area through an infrared spectrum lens 21, and combining a reference spectrum measured outside the target area to obtain concentration information of the target area by using a partial least square fitting method;
s3, acquiring image information of a target area by using a visible light lens 22 and obtaining temperature information by using a thermal infrared imager lens 23, and then performing spatial matching on the concentration and the image of the target area, so as to generate a spatial distribution image of the methane concentration, thereby realizing identification and positioning.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device is characterized by comprising a scanning platform, an optical lead-in unit, an infrared spectrum acquisition system, a data transmission line, a Fabry interferometer, an infrared detector and a computer; the scanning platform is a rotating platform provided with a stepping motor and an azimuth angle adjusting motor and is used for adjusting the elevation angle and the azimuth angle according to targets in different directions and different heights; the optical guiding-in unit is arranged on the scanning platform and is used for synchronously acquiring visible light images, infrared spectrums and thermal imaging; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged on the scanning platform and is used for receiving infrared spectrum data information in the optical leading-in unit and transmitting the infrared spectrum data information to the Fabry-Perot interferometer through a data transmission line; the Fabry interferometer images the received infrared spectrum data information on an infrared detector, and performs spectrum processing by a computer after analog-to-digital conversion; in addition, the visible light image and thermal imaging data information in the optical introducing unit are also directly transmitted to a computer for processing through a data transmission line;
the optical guiding unit is of three-channel coaxial integrated design and comprises an infrared spectrum lens, a visible light lens and a thermal infrared imager lens; the infrared spectrum acquisition system is arranged at the tail end of the infrared spectrum lens, and an infrared filter, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared optical fiber are sequentially arranged along the light path of the infrared spectrum acquisition system; the Fabry-Perot interferometer is high-precision tunable, and the control precision is that: + -0.5 nm/g, full width half maximum: 55-70nm, spectral range: 3.1-4.4um; the scanning platform is a high-precision scanning platform, the horizontal scanning angle of the scanning platform ranges from-180 degrees to 180 degrees, the vertical scanning angle ranges from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and the scanning precision is 0.05 degrees.
2. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 1 wherein the infrared optical fiber is encased within the data transmission line for transmission of infrared spectral data information to the fabry interferometer; in addition, two bundles of data lines, namely a first data line and a second data line, are wrapped in the data transmission line; the first data line is used for connecting the visible light lens and the computer and transmitting visible light image information to the computer; the second data line is used for connecting the thermal infrared imager lens with the computer and transmitting thermal imaging information to the computer.
3. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the infrared filter, the collimating lens and the focusing lens are all made of quartz materials, and the infrared filter is specifically a 3.1-4 μm infrared filter.
4. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device of claim 1 further comprising a sealed incubator; the Fabry interferometer, the infrared detector and the computer are all arranged in the sealed incubator.
5. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when in use, an infrared spectrum channel of the optical introduction unit collects an infrared radiation spectrum of a target area in real time, and a receiving signal is modulated and selected through a fabry-perot interferometer to obtain absorption information of methane, so that a methane concentration value is calculated; the thermal infrared imager channel of the optical leading-in unit obtains temperature information of a target area in real time; the visible light channel of the optical guiding-in unit is used for collecting visible image information in real time; and the computer matches the obtained concentration, temperature and image information with the platform scanning angle information, so that the spatial distribution information of methane leakage in the target area is obtained.
6. The multi-channel methane leakage optical telemetry device according to claim 5, wherein a corresponding software system is configured in the computer, and the software system can output the spatial distribution result and the position information of the concentration field in real time and return the spatial distribution result and the position information to the background control center in real time.
7. A method of measuring a multi-channel methane leak optical telemetry device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, aligning an optical guiding-in unit with a target, and adjusting a measuring range of a system through a visible light lens; after the optical guiding-in unit determines the measuring range, scanning and measuring are carried out according to the measuring requirement and the target characteristic, the measuring spectrum of the reference point and the target area is recorded, and the measuring spectrum is processed by a computer;
s2, acquiring an atmospheric infrared spectrum passing through a target area through an infrared spectrum lens, and combining a reference spectrum measured outside the target area to obtain concentration information of the target area by using a partial least square fitting method;
and S3, acquiring image information of a target area by using a visible light lens and acquiring temperature information by using a thermal infrared imager lens, and then performing spatial matching on the concentration and the image of the target area, so as to generate a spatial distribution image of the concentration of methane, thereby realizing identification and positioning.
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