CN116295127A - Method for determining direction of cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring light length - Google Patents
Method for determining direction of cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring light length Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
A method for determining the azimuth of a cogeneration light receiving surface by measuring the length of light relates to the technical field of measuring the length of light, and the method for determining the vertical azimuth by measuring the length of light comprises the following specific steps: the specific steps for realizing the method are as follows: step one, constructing a light measurement system, wherein the light measurement system comprises a cylindrical optical element and an image sensor; sensing the light of the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element by the image sensor, identifying the light area, and measuring the length of the light line segment in a differential mode; step three, selecting any one ray line segment as a starting ray line segment, and finding a first longest ray line segment which is parallel to the starting ray line segment and is longest; step four, finding a second longest ray segment which is perpendicular to the first longest ray segment and longest in the plane of the ray; and fifthly, adjusting the cogeneration light receiving surface to be parallel to the light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element, wherein the incident light is perpendicular to the cogeneration light receiving surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring light length, in particular to a method for determining the azimuth of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the light length.
Background
In the process of utilizing solar energy, no matter solar rays are converted into heat energy or electric energy, the azimuth relation between a light receiving surface and the solar rays is required to be measured, particularly whether the light receiving surface and the solar rays are in a vertical relation or not is measured, the maximization of the utilization rate of converting solar energy into heat energy or electric energy is realized, and the conventional measuring method has various defects in the practical application process, such as low precision, complex operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the problems, and the invention aims to measure the length of light, determine the perpendicular line of a cylindrical optical element perpendicular to the light, further determine the perpendicular line of a cogeneration light-receiving surface perpendicular to the light, and provide a method for determining the azimuth of the cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of the light.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a measure the method of the light length definite cogeneration light-receiving surface position, through cylinder optical element and image sensor measuring light, and then confirm that the cogeneration light-receiving surface is perpendicular with light, it is to be noted that, the cogeneration light-receiving surface is based on a system of adjustment solar energy cogeneration light-receiving surface, specifically is: the single crystal silicon solar cell array is arranged to form a physical structure of a heat and power combined supply light receiving surface, a heat conducting insulating material is arranged under the back surface of the single crystal silicon solar cell, the heat conducting insulating material is in continuous contact with a non-light receiving surface of the single crystal silicon solar cell, a fold structure is formed in a heat conducting insulating material pipeline cavity, the wall of a circulating pipeline is a part of a closed circulating pipeline loop, a heat conducting liquid substance is arranged in the pipeline cavity, the circulating pipeline adopts one of the following two heat insulating structures, the first heat insulating structure is that the circulating pipeline adopts the heat insulating material, the second heat insulating structure is that the circulating pipeline adopts the heat insulating material, and meanwhile, the circulating pipeline is a double-layer pipeline to form a hollow structure; the light receiving surface of the monocrystalline silicon solar cell faces the sun, light energy is converted into electric energy by adopting array arrangement, a pipeline cavity is formed in the non-light receiving surface of the monocrystalline silicon solar cell, the pipeline cavity is communicated into a circulating pipeline to form a closed circulating pipeline loop, a heat-conducting liquid substance is arranged in the closed circulating pipeline loop, and a heat-conducting insulating material is adopted between the non-light receiving surface of the monocrystalline silicon solar cell and the pipeline cavity; the specific steps for realizing the method are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing a light measurement system, wherein the light measurement system comprises a cylindrical optical element and an image sensor, a light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element collects light, a light absorption layer is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, and a light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is parallel and integrated with a light sensing element image layer of the image sensor; the light absorbing layer is disposed on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element and adopts a non-specular structure, so as to absorb light rays reflected, totally reflected and refracted on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, and discharge all the light rays contacting the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, thereby eliminating interference light rays, and adopting a non-specular structure on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, for example, adopting a micro concave-convex structure or increasing roughness on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element; the two ends of the cylindrical optical element are respectively a light incidence surface and a light emergent surface, the light incidence surface is used for collecting light, and the light emergent surface is used for measuring the light; the light incidence surface and the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element adopt circular surface areas, are parallel and completely equal, light enters from the light incidence surface of the cylindrical optical element, and the light emergent surface area of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is measured; the light incidence surface and the emergent surface adopt a circular area, the circular area is a circular continuous area formed on the same plane, the light emergent surface area of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is a measured object area, and the function of adopting the circular area is that the equivalence of random selection is as follows: the circular area is adjusted to the same plane from the same plane under the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the cylindrical optical element is used from any direction on the same plane, so that the same effect is achieved; the basic principle of measurement is that two points are determined to be the centers of a light incidence surface 1 and a light emergence surface 4 of a cylindrical optical element, the cylindrical optical element rotates towards the light side, namely, the light incidence surface 1 side of a cylindrical optical element 3 rotates, the light emergence surface 4 side of the cylindrical optical element 3 rotates around a fixed point, and the fixed point of the cylindrical optical element is differentiated into an infinitely small point, so that the accuracy of determining a vertical line is improved; the light emergent surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element is parallel and integrated with the photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, and the image sensor can convert light into a digital signal so as to capture and record the area of emergent light; a photosensitive element layer of the image sensor for sensing the area of the light rays of the light ray outgoing surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element; the light emergent surface 4 is parallel to the photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, so that the effect of improving the measurement precision is achieved, and the light emergent surface 4 is integrated with the photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, so that the effect of dust prevention is achieved;
secondly, the image sensor senses the light of the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element, identifies the light area, differentiates the light area into light line segments in a differentiation mode, binarizes the light line segments, traverses each pixel point in the binary image and measures the length of the light line segments; it should be noted that, differentiating the area of the light into a light line segment by using a differentiation mode, and calculating the length of the light line segment by using a Hough transform algorithm (Hough transform);
step three, selecting any one ray line segment as a starting ray line segment, wherein the ray line segment parallel to the starting ray line segment is a first type differential ray line segment, the rotation direction of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the starting ray line segment, a first type integral ray area 101 is formed in the changed surface, and a first type longest ray line segment parallel to the starting ray line segment and longest is found; it should be noted that, the light of the light emitting surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element is perceived by the image sensor to form a digitized light area; differentiating the light line segment for the light area, wherein the purpose of differentiating the light line segment is to improve the accuracy of locating the light line segment; because the light incidence surface and the light emergence surface adopt circular areas, the light emergence surface area of the emergence surface of the cylindrical optical element is equivalent to any one light line segment as a starting light line segment; selecting any one ray segment as a starting ray segment, and using the ray segment parallel to the starting ray segment as a first differential ray segment; the basic principle is as follows: after determining the initial light line segment, the exit surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the initial light line segment in the rotation direction in a three-dimensional space, all first-class differential light line segments parallel to the initial light line segment are recorded in the rotation process, a first-class integral light line segment 101 is formed in the changed surface, the first-class integral light line segment 101 is an instantaneous surface, and a first-class longest light line segment parallel to the initial light line segment and longest in all first-class differential light line segments is found, wherein the length of the first-class longest light line segment is equal to the diameter of the light exit surface or the incident surface of the cylindrical optical element;
in the light plane, a first type longest light line segment is taken as a datum line, a second type differential light line segment perpendicular to the first type longest light line segment is adopted, the rotation direction of a light measurement plane is parallel to the first type longest light line segment, a second type integral light line segment 201 is formed in the changed plane, and a second type longest light line segment perpendicular to the first type longest light line segment and longest is found; it should be noted that, when the first type of longest ray segment is determined as the reference line, a perpendicular point is determined by adopting a two perpendicular line mode, and then a perpendicular line is determined; the basic principle is as follows: after determining the first type of longest ray segment as a datum line, the exit surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the first type of longest ray segment in a three-dimensional space, in the rotating process, all second type of differential ray segments parallel to the first type of longest ray segment are recorded, in the changed surface, a second type of integral ray surface area 201 is formed, and in all second type of differential ray segments, a second type of longest ray segment parallel to the initial ray segment and longest is found, wherein the length of the second type of longest ray segment is equal to the diameter of the light exit surface or the incident surface of the cylindrical optical element;
step five, the measured first-class longest ray segment and the measured second-class longest ray segment are adjusted to be in the same plane, a circular plane is formed, incident rays are perpendicular to the ray incidence plane of the cylindrical optical element, the cogeneration light-receiving plane is adjusted to be parallel to the ray incidence plane of the cylindrical optical element in a plane-parallel mode, and the incident rays are perpendicular to the cogeneration light-receiving plane; it should be noted that, the first type of longest ray segment and the second type of longest ray segment are perpendicular, and the intersection point of the first type of longest ray segment and the second type of longest ray segment is a vertical point; it should be noted that, no matter what structure the backlight side of the cylindrical optical element is, as long as the structure is equivalent to a fixed point, two points are satisfied to determine the three-dimensional space position of a light line segment, further, the vertical position relationship between the light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element and the incident light is determined, and the light receiving surface is electrically supplied to the light facing side and is adjusted to be parallel to the light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element; when the incident light is perpendicular to the light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element, the incident light is also perpendicular to the cogeneration light receiving surface because the cogeneration light receiving surface is parallel to the light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element; the position relation between the combined heat and power light receiving surface and the incident light ray determines the efficiency of the light ray entering the combined heat and power light receiving surface, the combined heat and power light receiving surface and the incident light ray are in a vertical state, the maximum efficiency of the combined heat and power light receiving surface for collecting the light ray is achieved, the cylindrical optical element is adopted for measuring the light ray perpendicular to the light ray incident surface of the cylindrical optical element, the combined heat and power light receiving surface is adjusted to be parallel to the light ray incident surface of the cylindrical optical element in a surface parallel mode, the rotation adjustment for reducing the efficiency of the combined heat and power light receiving surface is reduced, the accuracy of controlling the combined heat and power light receiving surface is improved, and the efficiency of converting the light ray into electric energy and heat energy is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The measurement of the length of the light is converted into the pixel measurement of the image, so that the measurement result is more accurate and reliable, and as the pixels in the digital image are formed by rectangles with the same size, parameters such as the size, the shape, the position and the like of an object in the image can be quantified by counting the pixels, compared with the traditional optical measurement method, the pixel measurement has the following advantages: measurement deviation caused by human error, environmental factors and the like can be avoided; image processing and analysis are conveniently carried out; the measurement result is obtained in real time, and the digital image processing speed is high, so that the measurement result can be obtained in real time by monitoring the change of the pixel value of the image in real time;
(2) The light incidence surface and the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element adopt circular areas, the circular areas are circular continuous areas formed on the same plane, the light emergent surface area of the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is a measured object area, and the circular areas have the effect that the equivalence of random selection is adopted, specifically: the circular area is adjusted to the same plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the cylindrical optical elements are used in any direction on the same plane, so that the same effect is achieved;
(3) The position relation between the combined heat and power light receiving surface and the incident light ray determines the efficiency of the light ray entering the combined heat and power light receiving surface, the combined heat and power light receiving surface and the incident light ray are in a vertical state, the efficiency of the combined heat and power light receiving surface for collecting the light ray is maximum, the light ray perpendicular to the light ray incident surface of the cylindrical optical element is measured by adopting the cylindrical optical element, the combined heat and power light receiving surface is adjusted to be parallel to the light ray incident surface of the cylindrical optical element in a surface parallel mode, the rotation adjustment for reducing the efficiency of the combined heat and power light receiving surface is reduced, the precision of controlling the combined heat and power light receiving surface is improved, and the efficiency of converting the light ray into electric energy and heat energy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the azimuth of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical optical element and an image sensor for determining the azimuth of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the optical path of incident light with an inclination angle into a cylindrical optical element for determining the azimuth of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of the light;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the optical path length of a normal incident ray entering a cylindrical optical element for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of the ray;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first type of differential ray segment for a method of determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of the ray;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first type of differential ray segment longest ray segment for a method of determining a cogeneration light receiving surface orientation by measuring a ray length;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second type of differential ray segment for a method of determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of the ray;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second type of differential ray segment longest ray segment for a method of determining a cogeneration light receiving surface orientation by measuring a ray length;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the longest ray segments of the first and second differential ray segments perpendicular to each other for a method of determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of the light;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light, wherein the cogeneration light-receiving surface is aligned parallel to the light-incident surface of a cylindrical optical element.
The reference numerals and corresponding part names in the drawings and names related to light:
1-ray incidence plane, 2-side layer, 3-cylinder optical element, 4-ray emergence plane, 5-image sensor, 6-oblique incidence ray, 7-oblique emergence ray, 8-normal incidence ray, 9-normal emergence ray, 101-first type integral ray area, 102-first type differential ray line segment, 103-first type longest ray line segment X max Integral ray area of second class, 202 differential ray line segment of second class, 203 longest ray line segment of second class Y max 301-the circle,401-cogeneration light receiving surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention provides a method for determining the azimuth of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing a light measurement system, wherein the light measurement system comprises a cylindrical optical element and an image sensor, a light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element collects light, a light absorption layer is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, and a light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is parallel and integrated with a light sensing element image layer of the image sensor;
secondly, the image sensor senses the light of the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element, identifies the light area, differentiates the light area into light line segments in a differentiation mode, binarizes the light line segments, traverses each pixel point in the binary image and measures the length of the light line segments;
step three, selecting any one ray line segment as a starting ray line segment, wherein the ray line segment parallel to the starting ray line segment is a first type differential ray line segment, the rotation direction of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the starting ray line segment, a first type integral ray area 101 is formed in the changed surface, and a first type longest ray line segment parallel to the starting ray line segment and longest is found;
in the light plane, a first type longest light line segment is taken as a datum line, a second type differential light line segment perpendicular to the first type longest light line segment is adopted, the rotation direction of a light measurement plane is parallel to the first type longest light line segment, a second type integral light line segment 201 is formed in the changed plane, and a second type longest light line segment perpendicular to the first type longest light line segment and longest is found;
and fifthly, adjusting the measured first-type longest ray segment and the measured second-type longest ray segment to be in the same plane to form a circular plane, wherein the incident ray is perpendicular to the ray incidence plane of the cylindrical optical element, and adjusting the cogeneration light-receiving plane to be parallel to the ray incidence plane of the cylindrical optical element in a plane parallel mode, wherein the incident ray is perpendicular to the cogeneration light-receiving plane.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing a light measurement system, wherein the light measurement system comprises a cylindrical optical element and an image sensor, a light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element collects light, a light absorption layer is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, and a light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is parallel and integrated with a light sensing element image layer of the image sensor; as shown in fig. 2, the light measurement system includes a cylindrical optical element 3 and an image sensor 5, where a light emitting surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element is parallel to and integrated with a photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, and a light absorbing layer is disposed on a side surface of the cylindrical optical element and forms a side surface layer 2 by adopting a non-specular structure, so as to absorb light reflected, totally reflected and refracted on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, and discharge all light contacting the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, so as to eliminate interference light, and a non-specular structure is adopted on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, for example, a micro concave-convex structure is adopted on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element or roughness is increased; the two ends of the cylindrical optical element are respectively provided with a light incidence surface and a light emergent surface, the light incidence surface is used for collecting light, and the light emergent surface is used for measuring the light; the light incidence surface and the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element adopt circular surface areas, are parallel and completely equal, light enters from the light incidence surface of the cylindrical optical element, and the light emergent surface area of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is measured; the light incidence surface and the emergent surface adopt a circular area, the circular area is a circular continuous area formed on the same plane, the light emergent surface area of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is a measured object area, and the function of adopting the circular area is that the equivalence of random selection is as follows: the circular area is adjusted to the same plane from the same plane under the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the cylindrical optical element is used from any direction on the same plane, so that the same effect is achieved; as shown in fig. 3 to 4, light enters from the light incident surface 1 of the cylindrical optical element 3, exits from the light exit surface 4, and the optical path lengths of the incident light 6 with an inclination angle and the normal incident light 8 at the cylindrical optical element 3 are different, specifically as follows: the cylindrical optical element is adopted, the incident light ray 6 with the dip angle is refracted from the light incident surface 1 of the cylindrical optical element and enters the cylindrical optical element 3, the light ray contacting the side surface of the cylindrical optical element is eliminated after the incident light ray 6 with the dip angle is refracted into the cylindrical optical element 3, the light absorption layer is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, the non-specular structure is adopted, the emergent light ray 7 with the dip angle is refracted from the light emergent surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element, the quantity of the incident light ray 6 with the dip angle is larger than the quantity of the emergent light ray 7 with the dip angle, the quantity of the light ray on the section is larger than the quantity of the emergent light ray 7 with the dip angle in a differential mode, and the area of the incident light ray 6 with the dip angle is larger than the area of the emergent light ray 7 with the dip angle in a surface area mode; the vertical incidence light ray 8 vertically enters the cylindrical optical element 3 from the light ray incidence surface 1 of the cylindrical optical element, the vertical incidence light ray 8 does not contact the side surface of the cylindrical optical element after entering the cylindrical optical element 3, the vertical emergence light ray 9 vertically emerges from the light ray emergence surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element, the quantity of the vertical incidence light ray 8 is equal to or more than the quantity of the vertical emergence light ray 9, in ideal cases, the quantity of the vertical incidence light ray 8 is equal to the quantity of the vertical emergence light ray 9, the number of the light rays on the section is equal to the number of the vertical emergence light ray 9 in a differential mode, the surface area of the vertical incidence light ray 8 is equal to the surface area of the vertical emergence light ray 9 in a surface area mode, in a specific use link, even if the cylindrical optical element 3 absorbs the vertical incidence light ray 8, the measurement of the length of a line segment is not influenced, and the measurement length is the problem of whether the measurement exists or not, so the problem can be solved according to ideal conditions; the basic principle of measurement is that two points are determined to be the centers of a light incidence surface 1 and a light emergence surface 4 of a cylindrical optical element, the cylindrical optical element rotates towards the light side, namely, the light incidence surface 1 side of a cylindrical optical element 3 rotates, the light emergence surface 4 side of the cylindrical optical element 3 rotates around a fixed point, and the fixed point of the cylindrical optical element is differentiated into an infinitely small point, so that the accuracy of determining a vertical line is improved; the light emergent surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element is parallel and integrated with the photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, and the image sensor can convert light into a digital signal so as to capture and record the area of the inclined emergent light 7; a photosensitive element layer of the image sensor for sensing the area of the light rays of the light ray outgoing surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element; the light emergent surface 4 is parallel to the photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, so that the effect of improving the measurement precision is achieved, and the light emergent surface 4 is integrated with the photosensitive element layer of the image sensor 5, so that the effect of dust prevention is achieved;
preferably, in the first step, the light emitting area of the emitting surface of the cylindrical optical element is directly measured in one way, and it is equally feasible to use an indirect way, and either indirect way can be implemented, and the area of the light is converted into a digitized area, where the first indirect way is to use an image sensor, as described above; the second indirect mode is that a heat radiation receiving device array parallel to the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is adopted, the heat radiation receiving device array comprises an electronic thermometer, and the smaller the unit area of the heat radiation device is, the higher the measurement precision is; repeating the following steps two, three, four and five, wherein the difference is that the area of the light is converted into a thermal digital area; the wavelength distribution range of solar rays is 0.25 μm to 2.5 μm, the wavelength distribution range of solar rays converted into electric energy by the monocrystalline silicon solar cell is 0.4 μm to 1.1 μm, and the wavelength range outside 0.4 μm to 1.1 μm converts solar rays into heat energy, which provides theoretical support for measurement of photoelectric conversion and photoelectric conversion.
In order to better achieve the purpose of the invention, the second step, the image sensor perceives the light of the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element, identifies the light area, differentiates the light area into light line segments in a differentiation mode, binarizes the light line segments, traverses each pixel point in the binary image, and measures the length of the light line segments; it should be noted that, differentiating the area of the light into a light line segment by using a differentiation mode, and calculating the length of the light line segment by using a Hough transform algorithm (Hough transform);
further, in the second step, the length of the ray segment in the ray plane is calculated by using a hough transform algorithm, and the specific method is as follows:
a1, converting an image into a binary image, namely converting gray values in the image into black and white pixel values; it should be noted that, due to the problem of light intensity, the image perceived by the image sensor has gray scale, the image perceived by the image sensor is subjected to binarization processing, the gray scale image is converted into a black-and-white image, and the gray scale level of the whole image is set to a threshold value, for example, the gray scale threshold value range: 0-255, wherein the threshold value is set to 2, the pixel larger than or equal to the threshold value is set to white 1, the pixel smaller than the threshold value is set to black 0, and in binarization, 1 is used for representing white, and 0 is used for representing black;
step A2, traversing each pixel point in the binary image, and accumulating all straight line segments in the Hough space for each white pixel point; the Hough space is a mathematical space for image processing, and can capture geometric features of different shapes, such as straight lines, circles and the like, and for each pixel point in an image, the geometric features possibly belong to any one of the different shapes, so that parameters of all possible shapes can be discretized, a parameter space is established, each pixel point in the image corresponds to the possible shape in the parameter space, thus forming the Hough space, and the Hough space can perform shape feature extraction, object recognition and other processing on the image;
step A3, calculating the length of a ray segment through pixel points in the Hough space; it should be noted that, the area of the light is converted into a digital two-dimensional matrix, and although the area of the light cannot be identical to the digital two-dimensional matrix, the area of the light is similar to the digital two-dimensional matrix in shape, but the area is scaled in size, which does not affect finding the longest line segment of the light;
the measurement of the light length is converted into the pixel measurement of the image, so that the measurement result is more accurate and reliable, and as the pixels in the digital image are formed by rectangles with the same size, parameters such as the size, the shape, the position and the like of an object in the image can be quantified by counting the pixels, compared with the traditional optical measurement method, the pixel measurement has the following advantages: measurement deviation caused by human error, environmental factors and the like can be avoided; image processing and analysis are conveniently carried out; the measurement results are acquired in real time, and because the digital image processing speed is high, the measurement results can be acquired in real time by monitoring the change of the pixel values of the image in real time.
In order to better achieve the object of the present invention, step three, selecting any one of the light line segments as the initial light line segment, wherein the light line segment parallel to the initial light line segment is a first type differential light line segment 102, denoted by X, and the rotation direction of the exit surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the initial light line segment, and in the varying surface, a first type integral light line area 101 is formed, and a first type longest light line segment X parallel to the initial light line segment and longest is found max 103; it should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, the first type of integral light area 101 is an instantaneous area of outgoing light of the light outgoing surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element, the first type of integral light area 101 is differentiated to form a first type of differential light line segment 102, the first type of differential light line segment 102 is integrated to form the first type of integral light area 101, and light of the light outgoing surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element is sensed by the image sensor 5 to form a digitized light area; differentiating the light line segment for the light area, wherein the purpose of differentiating the light line segment is to improve the accuracy of locating the light line segment; because the light incidence surface and the light emergence surface adopt circular areas, the light emergence surface area of the emergence surface of the cylindrical optical element is equivalent to any one light line segment as a starting light line segment; selecting any one ray segment as a starting ray segment, and using the ray segment parallel to the starting ray segment as a first differential ray segment; the basic principle is as follows: after determining the initial ray segment, the exit surface of the cylindrical optical element is rotated in three dimensions in a direction perpendicular to the initial ray segment, and during rotation, all first-class differential ray segments 102 parallel to the initial ray segment are recorded, and in the varying surface, a first-class integral ray region 101 is formed, wherein the first-class integral ray region 101 is a transient region, and as shown in fig. 6, a first-class longest ray segment X parallel to the initial ray segment and longest to the initial ray segment is found in all first-class differential ray segments 102 max 103, longest ray segment of first class X max 103 is equal to the diameter of the light exit or entrance surface of the cylindrical optical element; the first type of integral light area 101 is an integral of the first type of differential light line segment 102, the first type of integral light area 101 is an ellipse, any one of the first type of differential light line segments 102 is represented by X, in the first type of integral light area 101, the isosceles trapezoid is adopted for infinitely differentiating into a light line segment, two waists of the isosceles trapezoid are not standard straight lines, are curves in the isosceles trapezoid, the differentiating effect is not affected, and in the first type of integral light area 101, the longest first type of longest light line segment X is measured max 103, it should be noted that the initial ray segment is any one of the first type micro-segmentThe beam splitter 102, the first type of integral light area 101, is formed on the light exit surface of the cylindrical optical element in the process that the rotation direction of the light exit surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the initial light line.
In order to better achieve the object of the invention, step four, in the plane of the light, using the longest ray segment X of the first type max 103 is a reference line, forming a vertical first-class longest ray segment X max 103, the direction of rotation of the light measuring surface is equal to the longest light ray segment X of the first type max 103, forming a second type of integral ray area 201 in the varying area, finding the longest ray segment X of the first type max 103 perpendicular and longest second longest ray segment Y max 203, a base station; as shown in fig. 7, the second type integral light area 201 is an instantaneous area of the outgoing light of the light outgoing surface 4 of the cylindrical optical element, the second type integral light area 201 is differentiated to form a second type differential light line segment 202, the second type differential light line segment 202 is integrated to form a second type integral light area 201, the second type integral light area 201 is elliptical, any one of the second type differential light line segments 202 is denoted by Y, in the second type integral light area 201, the isosceles trapezoid is used for infinitely differentiating into a light line segment, two waists of the isosceles trapezoid are not standard straight lines, and are curved herein, and the differentiating effect is not affected, as shown in fig. 8, in the second type integral light area 201, the longest second type longest light line segment Y is measured max 203, it should be noted that the second type of integral light area 201 is formed by the rotation direction of the exit surface of the cylindrical optical element and the first type of longest light line segment X max 103, in a parallel process, a light exit surface area at the exit surface of the cylindrical optical element.
To better achieve the object of the present invention, step five, the measured longest ray segment X of the first type max 103 and measured longest ray segment Y of the second class max 203 are adjusted to the same plane to form a circular plane, the incident light is perpendicular to the light incident plane of the cylindrical optical element, and the plane is parallelThe method comprises the steps of adjusting a cogeneration light-receiving surface to be parallel to a light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element, wherein the incident light is perpendicular to the cogeneration light-receiving surface; it should be noted that the longest ray segment X of the first type max 103 and the longest ray segment Y of the second class max 203 are mutually perpendicular and the longest ray segment X of the first type max 103 and the longest ray segment Y of the second class max 203 are of equal length, as shown in fig. 9, the longest ray segment X of the first class max 103 and the longest ray segment Y of the second class max 203 are diameters forming a circle 301, and the equal length is because the light incident surface and the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element adopt circular surface areas, when the light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to light, the light refers to parallel light, such as solar light, and the first type integral light surface area 101 and the second type integral light surface area 201 are overlapped to form a circle; longest ray segment of first class X max 103 and the longest ray segment Y of the second class max 203 perpendicular to each other, the perpendicular points and the fixed point around the cylindrical optical element, the two points define a straight line, the straight line is parallel to the perpendicular incident light ray 8, as shown in fig. 10, the perpendicular incident light ray 8 is perpendicular to the light ray incident surface 1 of the cylindrical optical element, the cogeneration light receiving surface 401 is adjusted to be parallel to the light ray incident surface 1 of the cylindrical optical element, and the perpendicular incident light ray 8 is perpendicular to the cogeneration light receiving surface 401.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and thus any modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for determining the azimuth of the cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing a light measurement system, wherein the light measurement system comprises a cylindrical optical element and an image sensor, a light incident surface of the cylindrical optical element collects light, a light absorption layer is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical optical element, and a light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is parallel and integrated with a light sensing element image layer of the image sensor;
secondly, the image sensor senses the light of the light emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element, identifies the light area, differentiates the light area into light line segments in a differentiation mode, binarizes the light line segments, traverses each pixel point in the binary image and measures the length of the light line segments;
step three, selecting any one ray line segment as a starting ray line segment, wherein the ray line segment parallel to the starting ray line segment is a first type differential ray line segment, the rotation direction of the emergent surface of the cylindrical optical element is perpendicular to the starting ray line segment, a first type integral ray area (101) is formed in the changed surface, and a first type longest ray line segment parallel to the starting ray line segment and longest is found;
step four, in the plane of the light, taking the first type longest light line segment as a datum line, adopting a second type differential light line segment perpendicular to the first type longest light line segment, enabling the rotation direction of the light measurement plane to be parallel to the first type longest light line segment, forming a second type integral light line segment (201) in the changed plane, and finding a second type longest light line segment perpendicular to the first type longest light line segment;
and fifthly, adjusting the measured first-type longest ray segment and the measured second-type longest ray segment to be in the same plane to form a circular plane, wherein the incident ray is perpendicular to the ray incidence plane of the cylindrical optical element, and adjusting the cogeneration light-receiving plane to be parallel to the ray incidence plane of the cylindrical optical element in a plane parallel mode, wherein the incident ray is perpendicular to the cogeneration light-receiving plane.
2. The method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light receiving surface by measuring the length of light according to claim 1, wherein: in step two, the first type of integrated ray area (101) is an integration of the first type of differentiated ray segment.
3. The method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light receiving surface by measuring the length of light according to claim 2, wherein: in step two, the first type of integrated ray area (101) is elliptical.
4. A method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: in step two, the longest first type longest ray segment X is measured in the first type integral ray area (101) max （103）。
5. The method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light receiving surface by measuring the length of light according to claim 1, wherein: in step three, the second type of integrated ray area (201) is an integration of the second type of differentiated ray segment.
6. The method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light receiving surface by measuring the length of light according to claim 5, wherein: in step three, the second type of integrated ray area (201) is an ellipse.
7. A method for determining the orientation of a cogeneration light-receiving surface by measuring the length of light according to any one of claims 5 to 6, wherein: in step three, the longest second-class longest ray segment Y is measured within the second-class integral ray region (201) max （203）。
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