CN105070157A - Feeder automation simulation training system - Google Patents
Feeder automation simulation training system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105070157A CN105070157A CN201510418333.0A CN201510418333A CN105070157A CN 105070157 A CN105070157 A CN 105070157A CN 201510418333 A CN201510418333 A CN 201510418333A CN 105070157 A CN105070157 A CN 105070157A
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Abstract
The invention provides a feeder automation simulation training system. The system comprises a distribution main station, an EPON communication network, distribution terminals, and a feeder rack etc., the distribution main station is provided with a simulation system microcomputer, the simulation system microcomputer is provided with a simulation system service terminal software and a distribution SCADA, the simulation system service terminal software comprises a feeder fault simulation software and a two-dimensional virtual feeder test module, and the two-dimensional virtual feeder test module comprises a virtual operation learning module and a feeder operation test module. According to the system, the intensification of assemblies of a distribution automation system with disperse geographical areas is realized, low voltage of the primary rack is realized, the structure is concise and clear, the debugging, tests, and training of automation modes of various feeders can be performed, the training and examination modes of automation operation maintenance operation are optimized, the danger in the processes of operation, testing, and examination is reduced, and the pertinence of the distribution automation engineering training is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medium-voltage distribution automation simulation training set, specifically a kind of simulation training system of corresponding 6kV, 10kV, 20kV, 35kV grade distribution feeder automation.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of Urbanization in China and the raising of national material and cultural life, the reliability requirement of electric power supply is more and more higher, and the power supply reliability of China's urban distribution network is just by 99.9% to 99.99% development.The feeder automation of 6kV, 10kV, 35kV grade medium voltage distribution network is promoted rapidly, and feeder automation circuit constantly lengthens, the extensive application of EPON system and distribution terminal, brings increasing substantially of maintenance work amount.Simultaneously; electrical power distribution automatization system relates to the specialties such as Automation of Electric Systems, relay protection, the communication technology, computer technology; require that operation maintenance personnel knowledge and skills face is wider; single professional's learning cycle is long; production system is difficult to realize training property frequent operation, and the application for feeder automation analogue system provides extensive space.
Summary of the invention
Actual each ingredient geographic distribution of electrical power distribution automatization system dispersion, distribution main website, communication, detection, distribution network structure huge structure, intuitive is not strong, and distribution engineering is once put into operation, power supply reliability requires high, and the O&M checking experiment time is short, is difficult to meet training request.The present invention, in order to overcome above-mentioned defect, provides a kind of structure simple and clear, complete function, easy to use, distribution feeder automation is run to the device emulated.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of feeder automation simulation training system, described distribution main website is provided with analogue system microcomputer, analogue system microcomputer is provided with analogue system service terminal software, distribution SCADA(DistributionSupervisoryControlandDataAcquisition, be called for short distribution SCADA), described analogue system service terminal software comprises feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, and described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module and feeder line service test module; Described EPON communication network comprises the optical line terminal (OLT of point-to-multipoint structure, OpticalLineTerminal), optical network unit (ONU, OpticalNetworkUnit) and passive optical splitters (POS, PassiveOpticalSplitter), Optical attenuator, tail optical fiber composition; Described distribution terminal comprises data acquisition module, data transmission module, controlling functions module, feeder automation module, maintenance module, local functional module; Described feeder line rack comprises the emulation looped network of outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch, low-voltage cable, overhead transmission line composition.
The distribution SCADA of described distribution main website, by main wiring diagram, through described EPON communication network, distribution terminal realization " three is distant " function such as remote signalling, remote control, remote measurement to feeder line rack; By arranging the fault such as single-phase earthing, two phase ground, phase fault of feeder line rack bus, power cable, overhead transmission line at main wiring diagram, realize manual, semi-automatic, the auto-action of feeder automation, complete localization of fault, isolation, non-faulting region is restored electricity.
The described EPON communication network mode of connection, is made up of the optical network unit ONU of the optical line terminal OLT of network side, user side, middle Optical Distribution Network ODN, optical module, tail optical fiber and tunable optical attenuator; The setting of the faults such as optical fiber link fibre core damage is realized by tail optical fiber, attenuator.
Described distribution terminal is line feed terminals (FeederTerminalUnit, FTU), and its power supply exchanges input, AC220V; Outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch etc. that line feed terminals and EPON communication network and feeder line emulate looped network with the use of.
Described outlet is that Three-phase five-wire exchanges input, AC380V, simulation 10kV (6kV, 20kV, 35kV) medium voltage distribution network, comprises mimic-disconnecting switch, current transformer, zero sequence current mutual inductor and on off state display instruction etc., telemechanical switching, load smooth adjustment.
For neutral non-effective grounding power distribution network, medelling process is carried out for singlephase earth fault and phase fault, certain phase load is changed to through 15.2VAR connecting to neutral line by 100W, and all the other two phase voltages raise as line voltage, are considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or power cable single-line to ground fault; Certain two-phase (or three-phase) load is uprushed as 300W by 100W simultaneously, is considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or three-phase turnkey power cable phase fault.
Described feeder automation simulation training system comprises analogue system microcomputer, feeder line rack; Distribution Master Station Software is mounted with: analogue system service terminal software, distribution SCADA in analogue system microcomputer, described analogue system service terminal software comprises feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, and described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module and feeder line service test module;
Described feeder line rack comprises the emulation looped network of outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch, low-voltage cable, overhead transmission line composition;
Distribution terminal FTU is connected with by communication network with analogue system microcomputer;
Described distribution terminal FTU comprises data acquisition module, data transmission module, controlling functions module, feeder automation module, maintenance module, local functional module;
Described communication network adopts EPON communication network; The communication port of analogue system microcomputer is connected with EPON communication network, and the other end that EPON communication network connects is connected with distribution terminal; Realize distribution Master Station Software communication system to communicate with data collection station;
Described EPON communication network comprises optical line terminal OLT, dispersion compensation optical module, optical network unit ONU, the passive optical splitter ODN of point-to-multipoint structure, Optical attenuator, and tail optical fiber composition;
With tail optical fiber simulation optical cable, lay along emulation looped network primary connection, be connected to distribution terminal; With power distribution network analog machine: outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch with the use of, by communication network and distribution master station communication, realize feeder switch, the operation monitoring of interconnection switch, fault detect, Long-distance Control on outlet switch, simulation post;
Distribution terminal FTU accesses EPON in TCP/IP mode, and the ONU equipment of each on-pole switch possesses 10/100M port, supports ICP/IP protocol, configures an IP address, realize the end to end connection of power distribution automation main station system and distribution terminal FTU; Every bar optical cable link adopts star-connection mode, and the optical cable link of optical line terminal OLT equipment to multiple directions realizes light mouth and converge;
A kind of feeder automation emulation training method:
A, according to distribution network figure, carry out graphic plotting in main website and improve wiring diagram, being stored as graphic file;
Open Image editors, then open graphic file, pel is safeguarded in amendment, and preserves pel, loads pel;
B, pel CIM configure:
Utilize equipment pel editor, successively electric pressure, bus, measuring equipment, observing and controlling setting, switch, disconnecting link, transformer, combination pixel, operating mode pel in the distribution network figure drawn are configured; Define two power supply points, the integrality of validating topology pel configuration, safeguards whole installation.
A kind of feeder automation emulation training method, is characterized in that:
EPON communication system is built:
Experiment table is purchased OLT, each ONU and optical splitter, and each equipment connection power supply, wouldn't be energized;
The up fibre of 1:2 optical splitter is connected to any PON mouth of OLT, descending fibre is connected to any PON mouth of next group 1:2 optical splitter and one group of ONU, this group ONU is connected to one group of FTU, and the descending fibre of above-mentioned second group of 1:2 optical splitter connects same as described above, forms topology network architecture hand in hand;
Operation distribution Master Station Software, by EPON Internet Transmission steering order, at main website, FTU place, manipulation power distribution network primary system, observe main wiring diagram bus and line voltage distribution, electric current in main website, and the position instruction of outlet switch, the electric parameters after switch changed position, switching value change, checking " three is distant " function; Realized by the impedance of switching feeder line and user's simulation box;
Power distribution network first and second system wiring
Input from the three-phase alternating current of both sides incoming power 1, power supply 2, simulate voltage gradation with 380V, with the A.C. contactor QF of power cable, low-voltage insulation wire connecting analog line-breaker, on-load switch and interconnection switch in turn
1, Q
11, Q
12, Q
l, QF
2, Q
21, Q
22; The load of outlet and branched line is with the resistance box concentrated in user's simulation box, Capacitor banks simulation;
To circuit sampling line voltage, phase current without voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, directly from the monitoring location that bus, backbone and each FTU are corresponding, draw the voltage, the current terminal that are connected to line feed terminals;
The zero sequence current mutual inductor of power supply 1, power supply 2 outlet is arranged on inlet wire bus place; The quantity of state of line-breaker, on-load switch extracts from the main contacts of A.C. contactor, auxiliary contact, delivers to the on off state terminal of line feed terminals.
A kind of feeder automation algorithm simulating mode, feeder network frame simulation system, both sides inlet wire is three-phase alternating current input; Electric distribution network overhead wire and power cable are simulated with primary cable; Line-breaker, on-load switch are simulated with A.C. contactor; The load of outlet and branched line is with the resistance box concentrated, Capacitor banks simulation; Comprise with Types Below:
A, centralized intelligence type
Power supply 1 outlet belongs to open loop operation power distribution network, and when F place breaks down, QF1, Q11 flow through fault current, and Q12 does not flow through fault current, and algorithm failure judgement occurs in Q11, Q
12between, automatically disconnect QF
1after, disconnect Q
11and Q
12, then close QF
1, complete restoring electricity of fault isolation and healthy sections;
If power distribution network operates in the closed cyclization state of QL, when F point, place breaks down, and algorithm carries out localization of fault according to the power direction after fault, and the power direction at the switch place of both sides, trouble spot all points to intra-zone; After judging F point failure, after automatically can disconnecting QF1, QL, disconnect Q11 and Q12, then close QF11, QL, completes restoring electricity of fault isolation and healthy sections;
B, robotization switch cooperatively interact type
Comprise automatic circuit and voltage-time type sectionaliser fitting-type, automatic circuit and overcurrent step-by-step counting type sectionaliser fitting-type, the quick-break type that overlaps, automatic circuit and voltage-current mode sectionaliser fitting-type, automatic circuit and automatic circuit fitting-type, distributed intelligence rapidly self-healing type;
The realization of Digital Simulation, sets up " feeder automation emulation " menu in distribution main website, engineer station by clicking Distribution Network Frame diverse location, arranges trouble spot and fault type, is published to each training position, is disposed by student;
C, circuit stop power transmission operation
The power transmission of power supply 1 outlet: the control mode switch of each FTU is placed in " remote control " position, can by the straighforward operation power transmission of main website, close Q12, Q11 switch in turn, and finally close QF1 switch, observes displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
Also the control mode switch of each FTU can be placed in " on the spot " position, on the guidance panel of FTU, pressing " conjunction " button in turn, close Q12, Q11 switch, finally close QF1 switch, observes displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
The power failure of power supply 1 outlet: the control mode switch of each FTU is placed in " remote control " position, can be had a power failure by the straighforward operation of main website, first disconnect QF1 switch, then disconnect Q11, Q12 switch in turn, observe displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
Also the control mode switch of each FTU can be placed in " on the spot " position, on the guidance panel of FTU, pressing " breaks " button in turn, first disconnects QF1 switch, then disconnect Q11, Q12 switch in turn, observe displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct.
The transmission or not operation of power supply 2 outlet and the transmission or not method of operating of power supply 1 outlet, step are identical;
The operation of " cyclization " load transfer:
For power supply 1 outlet QF1 switch scheduled overhaul, implement the step of load transfer in main website:
Check that cyclization point QL both sides three-phase voltage phase sequence is consistent; Measure cyclization point QL both sides three-phase voltage phase place identical; Check the relay protection of this system, aut.eq. arranges and adapt to Electromagnetic coupling mode;
Close QL isolating switch; Disconnect QF
1switch; Disconnect Q
11switch, observes and checks Q
12switch both sides branch line payload, and line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch etc. show correct.
The mathematical model of D, electrical test process
The mathematical model of power distribution network virtual test process carries out modeling under the environment of MATLAB system.In the present invention, the corresponding mathematical model of each test, each model is made up of multiple functional module; Fault verification carries out engineer station, is sent to each test group after being provided with;
E, EPON system fault database module:
According to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision EPON system fault database and trouble spot; The result judged send " EPON management software " module, is presented on communication system figure;
Electrical secondary system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision electrical secondary system fault database and trouble spot.The result judged send " Software of Master Station " module, is presented on main station system figure.Different types, trouble spot have the module of its correspondence, comprise with lower module: power distribution network is Secondary Connections of PTs incorrect polarity, secondary wiring of current mutual inductor incorrect polarity everywhere, isolating switch, block switch, the open circuit of network interconnecting circuit control loop and position signalling wrong etc.;
Primary system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision primary system fault database and trouble spot.The result judged send " Software of Master Station " module, and FA startup, carries out fault isolation and non-faulting region restores electricity, and correlated process and state are presented on main station system figure.Different types, trouble spot have the module of its correspondence, comprise with lower module: single-phase earthing, double earthfault, the phase fault everywhere of the power distribution network shown in F point, and transient fault, permanent fault that each fault type is corresponding.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches:
The present invention is based on the feeder automation analogue system of EPON, by setting up the system that Digital Simulation combines with physical simulation, formed and engineering real system outward appearance and the on all four realistic model of function, set up and engineering test, on all four hardware-in-the-loop simulation (the HardwareintheLoopSimulation of attended operation environment, HLS), user is undertaken comprising main website modeling by interactive operation mode, communication system is built, electrical secondary system wiring, feeder automation algorithm is arranged, circuit stops power transmission operation, the operation such as fault verification and eliminating, safeguard, pilot project, thus can complete simulation reality feed line automatization system O&M operation, reduce the danger of operation and training process, improve examination specific aim.
The present invention is not only only the training platform that the technician being engaged in power distribution automation O&M provides a kind of advanced person, also can be widely used in the training of other relevant work post such as distribution line, substation equipment maintenance and repair.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is power distribution network Single-ring network feed line automatization system figure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is EPON system structure example of the present invention;
fig. 3 is EPON system hierarchical structure of the present invention;
fig. 4 is the EPON networking mode based on multistage light splitting;
fig. 5 is virtual test mathematical model.
Embodiment
Now the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of feeder automation simulation training system, comprises the physical simulations such as distribution main website, EPON communication network, distribution terminal and feeder line rack analogue system and two-dimensional virtual feeder line test figures analog module forms.
Analogue system microcomputer is provided with analogue system service terminal software, distribution SCADA(DistributionSupervisoryControlandDataAcquisition, be called for short distribution SCADA), described analogue system service terminal software comprises feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, and described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module and feeder line service test module.
Distribution main website and distribution terminal etc. adopt EPON communication network.A kind of feeder automation simulation training system, described distribution main website is provided with analogue system microcomputer, analogue system microcomputer is provided with analogue system service terminal software, distribution SCADA(DistributionSupervisoryControlandDataAcquisition, be called for short distribution SCADA), described analogue system service terminal software comprises feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, and described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module and feeder line service test module; Described EPON communication network comprises the optical line terminal (OLT of point-to-multipoint structure, OpticalLineTerminal), optical network unit (ONU, OpticalNetworkUnit) and passive optical splitters (POS, PassiveOpticalSplitter), Optical attenuator, tail optical fiber composition; Described distribution terminal comprises data acquisition module, data transmission module, controlling functions module, feeder automation module, maintenance module, local functional module; Described feeder line rack comprises the emulation looped network of outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch, low-voltage cable, overhead transmission line composition.
The distribution SCADA of described distribution main website, by main wiring diagram, through described EPON communication network, distribution terminal realization " three is distant " function such as remote signalling, remote control, remote measurement to feeder line rack; By arranging the fault such as single-phase earthing, two phase ground, phase fault of feeder line rack bus, power cable, overhead transmission line at main wiring diagram, realize manual, semi-automatic, the auto-action of feeder automation, complete localization of fault, isolation, non-faulting region is restored electricity.
The described EPON communication network mode of connection, is made up of the optical network unit ONU of the optical line terminal OLT of network side, user side, middle Optical Distribution Network ODN, optical module, tail optical fiber and tunable optical attenuator; The setting of the faults such as optical fiber link fibre core damage is realized by tail optical fiber, attenuator.
Described distribution terminal is line feed terminals (FeederTerminalUnit, FTU), and its power supply exchanges input, AC220V; Outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch etc. that line feed terminals and EPON communication network and feeder line emulate looped network with the use of.
Described outlet is that Three-phase five-wire exchanges input, AC380V, simulation 10kV (6kV, 20kV, 35kV) medium voltage distribution network, comprises mimic-disconnecting switch, current transformer, zero sequence current mutual inductor and on off state display instruction etc., telemechanical switching, load smooth adjustment.
For neutral non-effective grounding power distribution network, medelling process is carried out for singlephase earth fault and phase fault, certain phase load is changed to through 15.2VAR connecting to neutral line by 100W, and all the other two phase voltages raise as line voltage, are considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or power cable single-line to ground fault; Certain two-phase (or three-phase) load is uprushed as 300W by 100W simultaneously, is considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or three-phase turnkey power cable phase fault.
A kind of feeder automation simulation training system, comprises the compositions such as distribution main website, EPON communication network, distribution terminal and feeder line rack analogue system.
Described distribution main website is arranged on analogue system microcomputer, is also provided with analogue system service terminal software at analogue system microcomputer.Distribution main website is made up of operating system, support platform software and power distribution network application software, and function comprises the public service function such as database and artwork management, and the function such as distribution SCADA, feeder fault process, power distribution network self-healing.Described analogue system service terminal software is as the senior application function of main website, comprise feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module (remote control result does not export) and feeder line service test module (" three is distant " function drops into application).
Analogue system microcomputer is provided with communication network management software, the communication interface of microcomputer and EPON communication network links.Main website is communicated with data collection station by communication system, realizes power distribution network operation monitoring, operation scheduling, operation maintenance.
Described EPON communication network comprises the optical line terminal OLT of point-to-multipoint structure, dispersion compensation optical module, optical network unit ONU, passive optical splitter ODN, Optical attenuator, and the composition such as tail optical fiber, for data collection station and power distribution automation master station communication.By communication network management software, equipment control is carried out to OLT, comprise parameter configuration, operational monitoring etc.With tail optical fiber simulation optical cable, lay along analog ligand electrical network primary connection, link to the distribution terminal FTU of on-pole switch.Every bar cable link adopts star-connection mode, the cable link of OLT device to multiple directions realizes light mouth and converges, and branched network adopts EPON technology, and any one terminal equipment failure all can not affect other-end equipment, make the failure rate is low of equipment, easily safeguard.
Described distribution terminal FTU, with power distribution network analog machine with the use of, by communication network and power distribution automation master station communication, realize to outlet switch, simulation post on feeder switch, the operation monitoring of interconnection switch, fault detect, Long-distance Control; Except carrying out except protecting control operation according to In situ Measurement information, also to support on interdependent node peer switch real-time monitoring data between end device, complete the senior application function of intelligent distribution network such as line fault rapidly self-healing, distributed power source cutting-in control.Distribution terminal accesses EPON in TCP/IP mode, and the ONU equipment of each on-pole switch possesses 10/100M port, supports ICP/IP protocol, configures an IP address, realize the end to end connection of power distribution automation main station system and distribution terminal FTU.Compared with traditional Communication System for Distribution Automation, do not arrange middle substation, each FTU terminal is separately as a substation, and the communication of main website and substation adopts 104 stipulations, simplifies electrical power distribution automatization system structure, improves the ornamental of analogue system.
Feeder network frame simulation system, both sides inlet wire is three-phase alternating current input, simulates the medium voltage distribution networks such as 10kV (6kV, 20kV, 35kV) with 380V; Electric distribution network overhead wire and power cable are simulated with primary cable; Line-breaker, on-load switch are simulated with A.C. contactor; The load of outlet and branched line is with the resistance box concentrated, Capacitor banks simulation.To circuit sampling line voltage, phase current without voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, directly access line feed terminals voltage, current terminal, zero sequence current mutual inductor is arranged on inlet wire bus place.The quantity of state of line-breaker, on-load switch extracts from the main contacts of A.C. contactor, auxiliary contact, delivers to the on off state terminal of line feed terminals.
[1] the main website modeling of virtual medium voltage distribution network
1.1 power distribution network graphic plotting and editors:
PC starts distribution Master Station Software.
According to given distribution network figure as shown in Figure 1, graphic plotting is carried out: be familiar with main website median surface window structure distribution in main website, every editting function, the application of toolbar, picture, subgraph, the pel of embedded electric system primary connection figure, quote for when drawing, thus improve dirigibility and the speed of drawing; Utilize word pel, image pel, connection pel, terminal pel, form pel, electric power group member, region pel, measure pel, measure picture group unit etc., improve wiring diagram, and be stored as graphic file.
Open Image editors, then open graphic file, pel is safeguarded in amendment, and preserves pel, loads pel.
1.2 pel CIM configurations:
Utilize equipment pel editting function, successively electric pressure, bus, measuring equipment, observing and controlling setting, switch, disconnecting link, transformer, combination pixel, operating mode pel etc. in the distribution network figure drawn are configured.Two power supply points are defined, with the integrality of validating topology pel configuration, whole installation is safeguarded.
[2] EPON communication system is built
2.1 purchase 1 OLT, each ONU and 1:2 optical splitter, 1:4 optical splitter etc. on experiment table, and each equipment connection power supply, wouldn't be energized.
The 2.2 any PON mouths up fibre of 1:2 optical splitter being connected to OLT, descending fibre is connected to any PON mouth of next group 1:2 optical splitter and one group of ONU, and this group ONU is connected to one group of FTU, as shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4.The descending fibre of above-mentioned second group of 1:2 optical splitter connects same as described above, can form the hand in hand topology network architecture corresponding with Fig. 1.
1:4 optical splitter with the connection of OLT, monitoring test can be carried out separately.
2.3 all optical communication equipments switch on power, and are energized after 5 minutes, observe the OLT device pilot lamp shown in figure below, comprise the instructions such as power light, run indicator, PON connecting lamp normal.
PER: green Chang Liang (normally)
RUN: green quick flashing (in startup), slow sudden strain of a muscle (normally running)
PONn: green Chang Liang (connection)
GEn: green Chang Liang (connection)
ALM: redness is gone out (normally), bright (alarm)
2.4 observe ONU equipment state:
POWER: green Chang Liang (normally)
PONn: green Chang Liang (connection)
LINK: green Chang Liang (connection)
ALARM: redness is gone out (normally), bright (alarm)
2.5 webmasters experiments: the MN port grid line of webmaster PC (sharing with main website PC) being connected to OLT, arranges PC port address 192.168.1.20.Start webmastering software, default user name and password can be set to admin, admin, carry out network management configuration and operation:
Create OLT;
Set up-conservancy;
OLT configuration management;
ONU authorization identifying;
Alarm management;
Performance management;
Safety management.
With conventional monitoring method, comprise Ping, Telnet etc. and carry out monitoring confirmation.
2.6 configuration webmastering softwares guarantee that the network port of the PON port of OLT and ONU is at same VLAN.
Link after 2.7 distribution main websites start: connect any GE port of PC communication port to OLT.Distribution Master Station Software and EPON webmastering software use same microcomputer, can configure double netcard or dual network address on computers.
Each FTU data network winding thread is connected to the network port of OUN by 2.8, and is energized.
The load of feeder line and simulation load system is placed in minimum position by 2.9, is connected to FTU, and is energized.
02.10 operation distribution Master Station Software, by EPON Internet Transmission steering order, at main website, FTU place, manipulation power distribution network primary system, observe main wiring diagram bus and line voltage distribution, electric current in main website, and the position instruction of outlet switch, the electric parameters after switch changed position, switching value change, checking " three is distant " function.Primary system goes out the adjustment of specific electric load, is realized by the impedance of switching feeder line and user's simulation box.
2.11PON power meter is tested: disconnect tested node, and wherein will be connected to PON power meter in side, then connect PON power meter and opposite side with tail optical fiber, the port " OLT/Video " of PON power meter connects OLT direction, and port " ONT " is connected to ONU direction.Start PON power meter, observe and record measurement data.
ODN network commonly uses measured node fibre distribution frame ODF(OpticalDistributionFrame, ODF) for the Cheng Duan of local side backbone optical cable in optical fiber telecommunications system and distribution, the connection of fibre circuit, distribution and scheduling can be realized easily.
2.12 intelligent attenuator experiments: on the light-path of PON power meter test, select a certain node, with reference to the method for attachment of upper figure PON power meter, connect intelligent optical attenuator.Start power supply, regulate the parameters such as the stepping of attenuator attenuation, attenuation numerical value, attenuation range is 0 ~ 64db.Observe and record PON power meter measurement data, observing the equipment indicating lamp of OLT, ONU simultaneously, by EPON webmastering software, checking that equipment runs alarm status and performance parameter.
Tested by attenuator, the luminous sensitivity of the PON interface module of test OLT, ONU, and compare with devices illustrated nominal data.
Recall distribution main station system software, attempt carrying out experimental implementation.
[3] power distribution network first and second system wiring
Fig. 1 is one of embodiment of power distribution network connection.Input from the three-phase alternating current of both sides incoming power 1, power supply 2,10kV (6kV, 20kV, 35kV) voltage gradation is simulated, with the A.C. contactor QF of power cable, low-voltage insulation wire connecting analog line-breaker, on-load switch and interconnection switch in turn with 380V
1, Q
11, Q
12, Q
l, QF
2, Q
21, Q
22.The load of outlet and branched line is with the resistance box concentrated in user's simulation box, Capacitor banks simulation.
To circuit sampling line voltage, phase current without voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, directly from the monitoring location that bus, backbone and each FTU are corresponding, draw the voltage, the current terminal that are connected to line feed terminals.The zero sequence current mutual inductor of power supply 1, power supply 2 outlet is arranged on inlet wire bus place.The quantity of state of line-breaker, on-load switch extracts from the main contacts of A.C. contactor, auxiliary contact, delivers to the on off state terminal of line feed terminals.
[4] feeder automation algorithm simulating
This emulation can realize in physical simulation system of the present invention and Digital Simulation System respectively.
4.1 centralized intelligence types
Power distribution network as shown in Figure 1, power supply 1 outlet belongs to open loop operation power distribution network, and when F place breaks down, QF1, Q11 flow through fault current, and Q12 does not flow through fault current, and algorithm failure judgement occurs in Q11, Q
12between, automatically disconnect QF
1after, disconnect Q
11and Q
12, then close QF
1, complete restoring electricity of fault isolation and healthy sections.
Power distribution network as shown in Figure 1, if power distribution network operates in the closed cyclization state of QL, when F point, place breaks down, and algorithm carries out localization of fault according to the power direction after fault, and the power direction at the switch place of both sides, trouble spot all points to intra-zone.After judging F point failure, after automatically can disconnecting QF1, QL, disconnect Q11 and Q12, then close QF11, QL, completes restoring electricity of fault isolation and healthy sections.
4.2 robotization switches cooperatively interact type
This type specific embodiment is more, comprises automatic circuit and voltage-time type sectionaliser fitting-type, automatic circuit and overcurrent step-by-step counting type sectionaliser fitting-type, the quick-break type that overlaps, automatic circuit and voltage-current mode sectionaliser fitting-type, automatic circuit and automatic circuit fitting-type, distributed intelligence rapidly self-healing type etc.
The realization of Digital Simulation, sets up " feeder automation emulation " menu in distribution main website, engineer station by clicking Distribution Network Frame diverse location, arranges trouble spot and fault type, is published to each training position, is disposed by student.
[5] circuit stops power transmission operation
The power transmission of power supply 1 outlet: the control mode switch of each FTU is placed in " remote control " position, can by the straighforward operation power transmission of main website, close Q12, Q11 switch in turn, and finally close QF1 switch, observes displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct.
Also the control mode switch of each FTU can be placed in " on the spot " position, on the guidance panel of FTU, pressing " conjunction " button in turn, close Q12, Q11 switch, finally close QF1 switch, observes displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct.
The power failure of power supply 1 outlet: the control mode switch of each FTU is placed in " remote control " position, can be had a power failure by the straighforward operation of main website, first disconnect QF1 switch, then disconnect Q11, Q12 switch in turn, observe displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct.
Also the control mode switch of each FTU can be placed in " on the spot " position, on the guidance panel of FTU, pressing " breaks " button in turn, first disconnects QF1 switch, then disconnect Q11, Q12 switch in turn, observe displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct.
The transmission or not operation of power supply 2 outlet and the transmission or not method of operating of power supply 1 outlet, step are identical.
The operation of " cyclization " load transfer:
For power supply 1 outlet QF1 switch scheduled overhaul, implement the step of load transfer in main website:
Check that cyclization point QL both sides three-phase voltage phase sequence is consistent; Measure cyclization point QL both sides three-phase voltage phase place identical; Check the relay protection of this system, aut.eq. arranges and adapt to Electromagnetic coupling mode.
Close QL isolating switch; Disconnect QF
1switch; Disconnect Q
11switch, observes and checks Q
12switch both sides branch line payload, and line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch etc. show correct.
The mathematical model of [6] electrical test process
The mathematical model of power distribution network virtual test process carries out modeling under the environment of MATLAB system.In the present invention, the corresponding mathematical model of each test, each model is made up of multiple functional module.The structure of model as shown in Figure 5.
Fault verification carries out engineer station, is sent to each test group (platform) after being provided with.
EPON system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision EPON system fault database and trouble spot.The result judged send " EPON management software " module, is presented on communication system figure.
Electrical secondary system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision electrical secondary system fault database and trouble spot.The result judged send " Software of Master Station " module, is presented on main station system figure.Different types, trouble spot have the module of its correspondence, comprise with lower module: power distribution network is Secondary Connections of PTs incorrect polarity, secondary wiring of current mutual inductor incorrect polarity everywhere, isolating switch, block switch, the open circuit of network interconnecting circuit control loop and position signalling wrong etc.
Primary system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision primary system fault database and trouble spot.The result judged send " Software of Master Station " module, and FA startup, carries out fault isolation and non-faulting region restores electricity, and correlated process and state are presented on main station system figure.Different types, trouble spot have the module of its correspondence, comprise with lower module: single-phase earthing, double earthfault, the phase fault everywhere of the power distribution network as shown in F point in Fig. 1, and transient fault, permanent fault etc. that each fault type is corresponding.
Physical simulation method is as follows: with 0.38kV Three-phase five-wire ac power supply system emulation 10kV electric power system; Replace panel switches with A.C. contactor, its main contacts, auxiliary contact represent fracture and the on off state of panel switches; Simplify and fall TA, TV, the voltage of primary circuit, electric current directly access exit point protection and each FTU of power supply, realize transformation ratio, transformer ratio and Preservation tactics in the parameter configuration of FTU; The load of circuit and each branch line, replaces with three-phase resistance, capacitive load case, single group 3 × 100W, 3 × 15.2VAR.
Physical simulation Preservation tactics: for neutral non-effective grounding power distribution network, medelling process is carried out for singlephase earth fault and phase fault, certain phase load is changed to through 15.2VAR connecting to neutral line by 100W, all the other two phase voltages raise as line voltage, are considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or power cable single-line to ground fault; Certain two phase load is uprushed as 300W by 100W simultaneously, is considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or three-phase turnkey power cable phase fault.
Physical simulation running test training module particular content comprises:
Trouble spot, fault type are identical with above virtual emulation.Difference is that testing front elder generation arranges certain fault type in specific trouble spot, then start up system, carries out observation analysis and process.
1) test of communication system failure and eliminating
Test specimen: EPON system;
Use instrument: PON power meter
2) test of electrical secondary system fault and eliminating
Test specimen: zero sequence current mutual inductor, FTU;
Use instrument: multimeter
3) test of primary system fault and eliminating
Test specimen: power cable, insulated conductor, A.C. contactor, grounding device, FTU;
Use instrument: multimeter, clamp on amperemeter.
Claims (10)
1. a feeder automation simulation training system, it is characterized in that: described distribution main website is provided with analogue system microcomputer, analogue system microcomputer is provided with analogue system service terminal software, distribution SCADA(DistributionSupervisoryControlandDataAcquisition, be called for short distribution SCADA), described analogue system service terminal software comprises feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, and described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module and feeder line service test module; Described EPON communication network comprises the optical line terminal (OLT of point-to-multipoint structure, OpticalLineTerminal), optical network unit (ONU, OpticalNetworkUnit) and passive optical splitters (POS, PassiveOpticalSplitter), Optical attenuator, tail optical fiber composition; Described distribution terminal comprises data acquisition module, data transmission module, controlling functions module, feeder automation module, maintenance module, local functional module; Described feeder line rack comprises the emulation looped network of outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch, low-voltage cable, overhead transmission line composition.
2. feeder automation simulation training system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the distribution SCADA of described distribution main website, by main wiring diagram, through described EPON communication network, distribution terminal realization " three is distant " function such as remote signalling, remote control, remote measurement to feeder line rack; By arranging the fault such as single-phase earthing, two phase ground, phase fault of feeder line rack bus, power cable, overhead transmission line at main wiring diagram, realize manual, semi-automatic, the auto-action of feeder automation, complete localization of fault, isolation, non-faulting region is restored electricity.
3. feeder automation simulation training system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described EPON communication network mode of connection, be made up of the optical network unit ONU of the optical line terminal OLT of network side, user side, middle Optical Distribution Network ODN, optical module, tail optical fiber and tunable optical attenuator; The setting of the faults such as optical fiber link fibre core damage is realized by tail optical fiber, attenuator.
4. feeder automation simulation training system according to any one of claim 1 to 2, is characterized in that: described distribution terminal is line feed terminals (FeederTerminalUnit, FTU), and its power supply exchanges input, AC220V; Outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch etc. that line feed terminals and EPON communication network and feeder line emulate looped network with the use of.
5. feeder automation simulation training system according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described outlet is that Three-phase five-wire exchanges input, AC380V, simulation 10kV (6kV, 20kV, 35kV) medium voltage distribution network, comprise mimic-disconnecting switch, current transformer, zero sequence current mutual inductor and on off state display instruction etc., telemechanical switching, load smooth adjustment.
6. feeder automation simulation training system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: for neutral non-effective grounding power distribution network, medelling process is carried out for singlephase earth fault and phase fault, certain phase load is changed to through 15.2VAR connecting to neutral line by 100W, all the other two phase voltages raise as line voltage, are considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or power cable single-line to ground fault; Certain two-phase (or three-phase) load is uprushed as 300W by 100W simultaneously, is considered as electric distribution network overhead wire or three-phase turnkey power cable phase fault.
7. feeder automation emulation training device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described feeder automation simulation training system comprises analogue system microcomputer, feeder line rack; Distribution Master Station Software is mounted with: analogue system service terminal software, distribution SCADA in analogue system microcomputer, described analogue system service terminal software comprises feeder fault simulation software and two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module, and described two-dimensional virtual feeder line tentative module comprises pseudo operation study module and feeder line service test module;
Described feeder line rack comprises the emulation looped network of outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch, low-voltage cable, overhead transmission line composition;
Distribution terminal FTU is connected with by communication network with analogue system microcomputer;
Described distribution terminal FTU comprises data acquisition module, data transmission module, controlling functions module, feeder automation module, maintenance module, local functional module;
Described communication network adopts EPON communication network; The communication port of analogue system microcomputer is connected with EPON communication network, and the other end that EPON communication network connects is connected with distribution terminal; Realize distribution Master Station Software communication system to communicate with data collection station;
Described EPON communication network comprises optical line terminal OLT, dispersion compensation optical module, optical network unit ONU, the passive optical splitter ODN of point-to-multipoint structure, Optical attenuator, and tail optical fiber composition;
With tail optical fiber simulation optical cable, lay along emulation looped network primary connection, be connected to distribution terminal; With power distribution network analog machine: outlet bus, outlet switch, feeder switch, interconnection switch with the use of, by communication network and distribution master station communication, realize feeder switch, the operation monitoring of interconnection switch, fault detect, Long-distance Control on outlet switch, simulation post;
Distribution terminal FTU accesses EPON in TCP/IP mode, and the ONU equipment of each on-pole switch possesses 10/100M port, supports ICP/IP protocol, configures an IP address, realize the end to end connection of power distribution automation main station system and distribution terminal FTU; Every bar optical cable link adopts star-connection mode, and the optical cable link of optical line terminal OLT equipment to multiple directions realizes light mouth and converge.
8. a feeder automation emulation training method, is characterized in that:
A, according to distribution network figure, carry out graphic plotting in main website and improve wiring diagram, being stored as graphic file;
Open Image editors, then open graphic file, pel is safeguarded in amendment, and preserves pel, loads pel;
B, pel CIM configure:
Utilize equipment pel editor, successively electric pressure, bus, measuring equipment, observing and controlling setting, switch, disconnecting link, transformer, combination pixel, operating mode pel in the distribution network figure drawn are configured; Define two power supply points, the integrality of validating topology pel configuration, safeguards whole installation.
9. feeder automation emulation training method according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
EPON communication system is built:
Experiment table is purchased OLT, each ONU and optical splitter, and each equipment connection power supply, wouldn't be energized;
The up fibre of 1:2 optical splitter is connected to any PON mouth of OLT, descending fibre is connected to any PON mouth of next group 1:2 optical splitter and one group of ONU, this group ONU is connected to one group of FTU, and the descending fibre of above-mentioned second group of 1:2 optical splitter connects same as described above, forms topology network architecture hand in hand;
Operation distribution Master Station Software, by EPON Internet Transmission steering order, at main website, FTU place, manipulation power distribution network primary system, observe main wiring diagram bus and line voltage distribution, electric current in main website, and the position instruction of outlet switch, the electric parameters after switch changed position, switching value change, checking " three is distant " function; Realized by the impedance of switching feeder line and user's simulation box;
Power distribution network first and second system wiring
Input from the three-phase alternating current of both sides incoming power 1, power supply 2, simulate voltage gradation with 380V, with the A.C. contactor QF of power cable, low-voltage insulation wire connecting analog line-breaker, on-load switch and interconnection switch in turn
1, Q
11, Q
12, Q
l, QF
2, Q
21, Q
22; The load of outlet and branched line is with the resistance box concentrated in user's simulation box, Capacitor banks simulation;
To circuit sampling line voltage, phase current without voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, directly from the monitoring location that bus, backbone and each FTU are corresponding, draw the voltage, the current terminal that are connected to line feed terminals;
The zero sequence current mutual inductor of power supply 1, power supply 2 outlet is arranged on inlet wire bus place; The quantity of state of line-breaker, on-load switch extracts from the main contacts of A.C. contactor, auxiliary contact, delivers to the on off state terminal of line feed terminals.
10. a feeder automation algorithm simulating mode, is characterized in that, feeder network frame simulation system, and both sides inlet wire is three-phase alternating current input; Electric distribution network overhead wire and power cable are simulated with primary cable; Line-breaker, on-load switch are simulated with A.C. contactor; The load of outlet and branched line is with the resistance box concentrated, Capacitor banks simulation; Comprise with Types Below:
A, centralized intelligence type
Power supply 1 outlet belongs to open loop operation power distribution network, and when F place breaks down, QF1, Q11 flow through fault current, and Q12 does not flow through fault current, and algorithm failure judgement occurs in Q11, Q
12between, automatically disconnect QF
1after, disconnect Q
11and Q
12, then close QF
1, complete restoring electricity of fault isolation and healthy sections;
If power distribution network operates in the closed cyclization state of QL, when F point, place breaks down, and algorithm carries out localization of fault according to the power direction after fault, and the power direction at the switch place of both sides, trouble spot all points to intra-zone; After judging F point failure, after automatically can disconnecting QF1, QL, disconnect Q11 and Q12, then close QF11, QL, completes restoring electricity of fault isolation and healthy sections;
B, robotization switch cooperatively interact type
Comprise automatic circuit and voltage-time type sectionaliser fitting-type, automatic circuit and overcurrent step-by-step counting type sectionaliser fitting-type, the quick-break type that overlaps, automatic circuit and voltage-current mode sectionaliser fitting-type, automatic circuit and automatic circuit fitting-type, distributed intelligence rapidly self-healing type;
The realization of Digital Simulation, sets up " feeder automation emulation " menu in distribution main website, engineer station by clicking Distribution Network Frame diverse location, arranges trouble spot and fault type, is published to each training position, is disposed by student;
C, circuit stop power transmission operation
The power transmission of power supply 1 outlet: the control mode switch of each FTU is placed in " remote control " position, can by the straighforward operation power transmission of main website, close Q12, Q11 switch in turn, and finally close QF1 switch, observes displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
Also the control mode switch of each FTU can be placed in " on the spot " position, on the guidance panel of FTU, pressing " conjunction " button in turn, close Q12, Q11 switch, finally close QF1 switch, observes displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
The power failure of power supply 1 outlet: the control mode switch of each FTU is placed in " remote control " position, can be had a power failure by the straighforward operation of main website, first disconnect QF1 switch, then disconnect Q11, Q12 switch in turn, observe displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
Also the control mode switch of each FTU can be placed in " on the spot " position, on the guidance panel of FTU, pressing " breaks " button in turn, first disconnects QF1 switch, then disconnect Q11, Q12 switch in turn, observe displays such as checking line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch correct;
The transmission or not operation of power supply 2 outlet and the transmission or not method of operating of power supply 1 outlet, step are identical;
The operation of " cyclization " load transfer:
For power supply 1 outlet QF1 switch scheduled overhaul, implement the step of load transfer in main website:
Check that cyclization point QL both sides three-phase voltage phase sequence is consistent; Measure cyclization point QL both sides three-phase voltage phase place identical; Check the relay protection of this system, aut.eq. arranges and adapt to Electromagnetic coupling mode;
Close QL isolating switch; Disconnect QF
1switch; Disconnect Q
11switch, observes and checks Q
12switch both sides branch line payload, and line voltage distribution, electric current and each position of the switch etc. show correct;
The mathematical model of D, electrical test process
The mathematical model of power distribution network virtual test process carries out modeling under the environment of MATLAB system;
In the present invention, the corresponding mathematical model of each test, each model is made up of multiple functional module; Fault verification carries out engineer station, is sent to each test group after being provided with;
E, EPON system fault database module:
According to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision EPON system fault database and trouble spot; The result judged send " EPON management software " module, is presented on communication system figure;
Electrical secondary system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision electrical secondary system fault database and trouble spot;
The result judged send " Software of Master Station " module, is presented on main station system figure;
Different types, trouble spot have the module of its correspondence, comprise with lower module: power distribution network is Secondary Connections of PTs incorrect polarity, secondary wiring of current mutual inductor incorrect polarity everywhere, isolating switch, block switch, the open circuit of network interconnecting circuit control loop and position signalling wrong etc.;
Primary system fault database module: according to from the data of virtual test and selected pilot project, the fault type in automatic decision primary system fault database and trouble spot;
The result judged send " Software of Master Station " module, and FA startup, carries out fault isolation and non-faulting region restores electricity, and correlated process and state are presented on main station system figure;
Different types, trouble spot have the module of its correspondence, comprise with lower module: single-phase earthing, double earthfault, the phase fault everywhere of the power distribution network shown in F point, and transient fault, permanent fault that each fault type is corresponding.
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